CN112103122A - Thin-wall dissimilar metal composite grounding contact and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Thin-wall dissimilar metal composite grounding contact and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112103122A CN112103122A CN202010856445.5A CN202010856445A CN112103122A CN 112103122 A CN112103122 A CN 112103122A CN 202010856445 A CN202010856445 A CN 202010856445A CN 112103122 A CN112103122 A CN 112103122A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0006—Electron-beam welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/04—Co-operating contacts of different material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
- H01H73/02—Details
- H01H73/04—Contacts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thin-wall dissimilar metal composite grounding contact and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite grounding contact comprises an arc extinguishing ring, a flow guide ring, a contact rod and a contact ring; the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact is obtained by welding base metal parts made of different materials and then directly forming; the invention can effectively control the welding depth and the internal air holes. The method has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency and small local deformation, and can ensure the welding quality by combining the electron beam welding technology. And the welding bonding rate can reach more than 98 percent. The performance after welding can reach 90% of the body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of high-voltage switch electrical contacts, and particularly relates to a dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with a thin-wall structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous improvement of high-voltage and extra-high-voltage transmission requirements, GIS circuit breakers and GIS grounding switch equipment are widely applied more and more, and higher requirements are put forward for combined grounding contact elements used in the GIS circuit breakers and GIS grounding switches, wherein the prior grounding contact made of single materials and copper-tungsten alloy cannot meet the requirements of current development, and a combined grounding contact with diversified materials and complicated structure is required to meet the requirements of current requirements.
The structural components of dissimilar metals are widely applied to the industries such as high voltage, aerospace, power industry and the like, and the high-performance copper-chromium-zirconium alloy with excellent and stable performance, which is zirconium-copper, has high conductivity, high wear resistance, high strength, high self-resilience, long fatigue life and the like, is widely applied to the high-voltage power industry. Q345 is low-alloy high-strength structural steel, and the material has the performances of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength and the like; the copper-tungsten alloy has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high strength, arc ablation resistance, high density and moderate electric conduction and heat conduction performance, and is widely applied to military high-temperature-resistant materials, electric alloys for high-voltage switches, electric processing electrodes and microelectronic materials. Electron beam welding of dissimilar metal structural components can not only combine the properties of materials with each other, but also realize the diversification of electrical contact materials.
Because the chemical components and physical properties of various materials have great difference, brazing and argon arc welding are generally adopted to realize connection at the present stage, but the two processes have defects and are not suitable for thin-wall structures; the parts of the two welding seams of the thin-wall structure made of different materials are welded by a brazing method, and the parts are made of silver-based brazing filler metal/copper-based brazing filler metal, because the welding structure is special, welding pores are easy to appear, the two welding seams have large influence on each other, and the performance after welding can only reach 70% of that of a matrix. The argon arc welding needs to be beveled, the energy input is large during welding, the temperature of the product is high, and the product is deformed and oxidized. And the filling welding flux is not easy to select when steel and copper are welded by argon arc.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with the thin-wall structure and the preparation method thereof. The method has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency and small local deformation, and can ensure the welding quality by combining electron beam welding, and the tissue performance after welding can reach 90 percent of the body.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with a thin-wall structure comprises an arc extinguishing ring 1, a flow guide ring 2, a contact rod 3 and a contact ring 4;
the contact rod 3 is of a step-shaped cylinder structure, a groove is formed in the bottom of the contact rod 3, and the groove is in a combined shape formed by a cone and a cylinder; the contact rod 3 is provided with a transverse round hole 7 and a longitudinal round hole 8;
the guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 are of a cylindrical structure, the guide ring 2 is arranged outside the contact ring 4, and one ends of the guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 are welded on the same step surface of the contact rod 3 through electron beams;
a first groove 5 and a second groove 6 are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside of the arc extinguishing ring 1; the other end of the guide ring 2 is fixed in a second groove 6 on the arc extinguishing ring 1 through electron beam welding; the other end of the contact ring 4 is arranged in the first groove 5, and the width of the first groove 5 is larger than the wall thickness of the contact ring 4; the contact ring 4 is used for fixing the composite ground contact when the composite ground contact is connected with the contact part. The electron beam welding parameters were set as follows: first pass weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 420 mA; welding beam current: 60-65 mA; welding speed: 5mm/s-7 mm/s; waveform: triangular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz;
and (3) second weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 400 mA; welding beam current: 40-45 mA; welding speed: 6mm/s-9 mm/s; waveform: circular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz.
The first welding seam guides the welding position of the flow ring 2, the contact ring 4 and the contact rod 3, and the second welding seam guides the welding position of the flow ring 2 and the arc extinguishing ring 1.
The arc extinguishing ring 1 is made of copper-tungsten 80 alloy, and comprises 78-82% of W, 18-22% of Cu and less than 0.5% of impurities by mass.
The material of the flow guide ring 2 is steel Q345B, and the flow guide ring comprises the components of, by mass, less than or equal to 0.22% of C, less than or equal to 0.55% of Si, less than or equal to 1.6% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, less than or equal to 0.035% of S, and the balance of impurities.
The contact rod 3 is made of a CuCrZr alloy and comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5-1.2%; zr0.03-0.3%; the balance being Cu.
The contact ring 4 is made of TCr0.7 alloy and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.55-0.85% and the balance of Cu.
The wall thickness of the guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 is 1-3 mm.
A method for preparing dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with thin-wall structure is provided, the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact is obtained by welding base metal parts of different materials and then directly forming; the welding is electron beam welding, and the specific steps are as follows:
step one, preparing a copper-tungsten 80 alloy arc extinguishing ring 1 in an integral sintering mode;
step two, preparing a steel Q345B diversion ring 2 and a TCr0.7 alloy contact ring 4 in a machining mode;
thirdly, preparing a CuCrZr alloy contact rod 3 through forging, heat treatment and machining;
step four, assembling the products obtained in the step one, the step two and the step three, wherein the clearance is smaller than 0.05 mm;
step five, performing electron beam welding to obtain the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with the thin-wall structure, wherein the vacuum degree is as follows: 6x10-2Pa；
And step six, after welding, storing the welding chamber for not less than 10 minutes, controlling the cooling speed of the product, and preventing oxidation and deformation.
Step seven: and after welding, carrying out coloring detection on the two welding seams.
The electron beam welding parameters were set as follows: first pass weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 420 mA; welding beam current: 60-65 mA; welding speed: 5mm/s-7 mm/s; waveform: triangular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz; and (3) second weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 400 mA; welding beam current: 40-45 mA; welding speed: 6mm/s-9 mm/s; waveform: circular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz;
when the electron beam is used for welding, a first welding seam is welded, the welding beam is deflected to a contact rod by 3 (copper) by 0.5mm, and the welding beam is gathered into upper gathering; scanning and adjusting to 0.8 time of a first welding line, translating a welding gun to a second welding line, selecting 180 degrees of workpieces before welding, welding the workpieces with the difference of 180 degrees from the initial position during first welding, welding the workpieces by focusing the workpieces into a lower focusing position, guiding the welding positions of the flow ring 2, the contact ring 4 and the contact rod 3 by the first welding line, and guiding the welding positions of the flow ring 2 and the arc extinguishing ring 1 by the second welding line.
During the electron beam welding process, the lapping area is controlled at 2-5 degrees, the energy input is controlled while the complete penetration of welding is ensured, the internal pores of the welding seam are effectively reduced by high vacuum atmosphere welding and low frequency scanning, and the surface of the obtained welding seam does not need to be decorated and welded.
The welding method has the advantages that the deviation of copper in the welding method enables the heat input to be more uniform, the two materials are more fully melted, the penetration is more uniform, the welding seam is better formed, and the internal quality is more stable; high vacuum atmosphere welding and low frequency scanning can effectively reduce the welding gas pocket. Two welding seams are staggered and selected by 180 degrees, so that the shrinkage uniformity of the welded product can be ensured.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the deflection copper can ensure that the welding quality is well formed; the welding depth can be effectively controlled by aggregation; the high vacuum welding effectively reduces welding blowholes and oxidizes the second weld. The second welding seam quality is guaranteed by selecting the staggered welding seam with the angle of 180 degrees, and the welding depth can be effectively controlled in the gathering process; high vacuum welding and circumferential ending of 2-5 degrees effectively reduce welding air holes and welding seam forming quality, and welding seams do not need to be modified for the second time.
The particularity of this patent: the grounding contact made of different materials is welded through the electron beams, the characteristics of various materials can be fully exerted, the harsh use environment of the grounding contact is met, the preparation method of the grounding contact can be effectively popularized to other similar products, and the grounding contact prepared by the method has the characteristics of low cost, high qualification rate, high reliability and strong market competitiveness.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1: the invention has the overall structure schematic diagram of the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with the thin-wall structure;
FIG. 2: the invention has thin-walled dissimilar metal composite ground contact section structure schematic diagram;
FIG. 3: the invention discloses a schematic sectional structure of an arc extinguishing ring;
FIG. 4: the invention is a schematic sectional structure diagram of a flow guide ring;
FIG. 5: the sectional structure of the contact rod is schematic;
FIG. 6: the sectional structure of the contact ring is shown schematically;
the arc extinguishing ring comprises an arc extinguishing ring 1, a flow guide ring 2, a contact rod 3, a contact ring 4, a first groove 5, a second groove 6, a transverse round hole 7 and a longitudinal round hole 8.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The invention discloses a dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with a thin-wall structure, which comprises an arc extinguishing ring 1, a flow guide ring 2, a contact rod 3 and a contact ring 4, wherein the arc extinguishing ring 1 is connected with the flow guide ring 2;
the contact rod 3 is of a step-shaped cylinder structure, a groove is formed in the bottom of the contact rod 3, and the groove is in a combined shape formed by a cone and a cylinder; the contact rod 3 is provided with a transverse round hole 7 and a longitudinal round hole 8; as shown in fig. 5.
The guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 are of a cylindrical structure, the guide ring 2 is arranged outside the contact ring 4, and one ends of the guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 are welded on the same step surface of the contact rod 3 through electron beams; as shown in fig. 4 and 6.
A first groove 5 and a second groove 6 are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside of the arc extinguishing ring 1, as shown in fig. 3; the other end of the guide ring 2 is fixed in a second groove 6 on the arc extinguishing ring 1 through electron beam welding; the other end of the contact ring 4 is arranged in the first groove 5, and the width of the first groove 5 is larger than the wall thickness of the contact ring 4; the contact ring 4 is used for fixing the composite ground contact when the composite ground contact is connected with the contact part.
The first welding seam guides the welding position of the flow ring 2, the contact ring 4 and the contact rod 3, and the second welding seam guides the welding position of the flow ring 2 and the arc extinguishing ring 1.
The arc extinguishing ring 1 is made of copper-tungsten 80 alloy, and comprises, by mass, 79% of W, 20.7% of Cu, and the balance of impurities.
The material of the diversion ring 2 is steel Q345B, and the components thereof are as follows by mass: 0.20%, Si: 0.5%, Mn: 1.6%, P: 0.03%, S: 0.035%, and the balance being impurities.
The contact rod 3 is made of a CuCrZr alloy and comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.7 percent; zr: 0.08 percent; the balance being Cu.
The contact ring 4 is made of TCr0.7 alloy and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.55 percent, and the balance being Cu.
The wall thickness of the flow guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 is 3 mm.
Example 2
The invention discloses a dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with a thin-wall structure, which comprises an arc extinguishing ring 1, a flow guide ring 2, a contact rod 3 and a contact ring 4, wherein the arc extinguishing ring 1 is connected with the flow guide ring 2;
the contact rod 3 is of a step-shaped cylinder structure, a groove is formed in the bottom of the contact rod 3, and the groove is in a combined shape formed by a cone and a cylinder; the contact rod 3 is provided with a transverse round hole 7 and a longitudinal round hole 8; as shown in fig. 5.
The guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 are of a cylindrical structure, the guide ring 2 is arranged outside the contact ring 4, and one ends of the guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 are welded on the same step surface of the contact rod 3 through electron beams; as shown in fig. 4 and 6.
A first groove 5 and a second groove 6 are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside of the arc extinguishing ring 1, as shown in fig. 3; the other end of the guide ring 2 is fixed in a second groove 6 on the arc extinguishing ring 1 through electron beam welding; the other end of the contact ring 4 is arranged in the first groove 5, and the width of the first groove 5 is larger than the wall thickness of the contact ring 4; the contact ring 4 is used for fixing the composite ground contact when the composite ground contact is connected with the contact part.
The first welding seam guides the welding position of the flow ring 2, the contact ring 4 and the contact rod 3, and the second welding seam guides the welding position of the flow ring 2 and the arc extinguishing ring 1.
The arc extinguishing ring 1 is made of copper-tungsten 80 alloy, and comprises 80% of W and 20% of Cu by mass.
The material of the diversion ring 2 is steel Q345B, and the components thereof are as follows by mass: 0.22%, Si 0.55%, Mn: 1.2%, P: 0.03%, S: 0.02% and the balance of impurities.
The contact rod 3 is made of a CuCrZr alloy and comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.1 percent; 0.25 percent of Zr; the balance being Cu.
The contact ring 4 is made of TCr0.7 alloy and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.85% and the balance of Cu.
The wall thickness of the flow guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 is 1 mm.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of a dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with a thin-wall structure, which comprises the following steps:
(1) obtaining blanks of copper, tungsten and red copper by integral sintering, processing the blanks into finished products by a machining mode, and then obtaining a copper-tungsten alloy part to be welded, namely the arc extinguishing ring 1.
The guide ring 2 is machined into a finished product recently in a machining mode, and the guide ring 2 is obtained.
The contact stem 3 is obtained as a blank by forging and then is machined into a finished product after heat treatment.
The contact ring 4 is finished by machining after heat treatment.
In this step, each part satisfies the welded shape through the mode of processing earlier, can guarantee through the machining that the guide ring 2 is interference fit with the contact pole 3 and the contact ring 4 assembly department.
(2) And (3) polishing the to-be-welded part before welding to ensure that the welding surface is smooth and free of oxidation.
In this step, 280#400# sandpaper is needed to polish the welding surfaces of the parts respectively, and after polishing, the parts are wiped clean with alcohol.
(3) Firstly, the contact ring 4 and the contact rod 3 are assembled, the guide ring 2 is assembled, and finally the arc extinguishing ring 1 is assembled. The assembly clearance is ensured to be less than 0.03 mm.
The assembly mode is fixed through a special welding tool, so that not only can the accuracy of a welding position be guaranteed, but also gaps and dislocation are better guaranteed. Meanwhile, the welding tool can play a certain heat conduction role. The deformation after welding can be reduced.
(4) Putting the assembled welding part into a vacuum welding chamber for vacuumizing, and ensuring that the vacuum degree in the welding chamber reaches the vacuum degree: 6x10-2Pa, when welding preheating and welding, firstly welding a first welding line, wherein the welding beam current deflects to 0.5mm of steel and is gathered to be the upper partAnd (4) adjusting the aggregation, scanning frequency and amplitude to be 1.25 times of that of the first welding seam for welding.
The parameters are set as follows: first pass weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kv; focusing: 420 mA; welding beam current: 15-45 mA; welding time: 10-20 s; scanning: x50 mA, Y0 mA;
the deflection steel can ensure that the welding quality is well formed; the combination of the upper aggregation and the beam current can effectively control the welding depth; the high vacuum welding and scanning frequency and amplitude are adjusted in multiple to reduce weld porosity and to oxidize the second weld.
And (3) translating the welding gun to the second welding seam when welding the second welding seam, rotating the workpiece by 180 degrees before welding, and welding by 180 degrees different from the initial position during first welding. And when welding, the aggregation is collected as the lower aggregation for welding. The ending position after circumferential welding is 2-5 degrees more than the starting position.
The parameters are set as follows: and (3) second weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kv; focusing: 400 mA; welding beam current: 10-35 mA; welding time: 10-20 s; scanning: x40 mA, Y40 mA.
When the first welding seam welding arc starting position is staggered by 180 degrees for welding, the phenomenon of cracking caused by heat influence when the first welding seam is used for welding the second welding seam is avoided, and the uniform dispersion of heat can be ensured. The combination of the welding beam flow in the gathering can effectively control the welding depth and the high vacuum welding and the circumferential ending at 2-5 degrees, so that the welding pores are reduced, the welding seam forming quality is not required to be modified for the second time.
(5) After welding, the welding chamber is kept for 10 minutes and then taken out. The high temperature is prevented from being reduced rapidly after welding, so that the temperature after welding is reduced gradually, and the performance after welding can be better ensured.
The welding bonding rate can reach more than 98%. The performance after welding can reach 90% of the body.
Example 4
A method for preparing dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with thin-wall structure is provided, the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact is obtained by welding base metal parts of different materials and then directly forming; the welding is electron beam welding, and the specific steps are as follows:
step one, preparing a copper-tungsten 80 alloy arc extinguishing ring 1 in an integral sintering mode;
step two, preparing a steel Q345B diversion ring 2 and a TCr0.7 alloy contact ring 4 in a machining mode;
thirdly, preparing a CuCrZr alloy contact rod 3 through forging, heat treatment and machining;
step four, assembling the products obtained in the step one, the step two and the step three, wherein the clearance is smaller than 0.05 mm;
step five, performing electron beam welding to obtain the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with the thin-wall structure, wherein the vacuum degree is as follows: 6x10-2Pa；
And step six, after welding, the welding chamber is stored for not less than 10 minutes, so that the product is prevented from being deformed due to oxidation and heat shock, and the welding seam of the product is ensured to be welded due to the heat shock.
The wall thickness of the flow guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 is 3 mm.
The electron beam welding parameters were set as follows: first pass weld parameters: the welding depth is 6.5-8 mm; acceleration voltage: 85 kv; focusing: 420 mA; welding beam current: 40 mA; welding time: 18 s; scanning: x50 mA;
and (3) second weld parameters: the welding depth is 3.5-5 mm; acceleration voltage: 85 kv; focusing: 400 mA; welding beam current: 30 mA; welding time: 15 s; scanning: x40 mA, Y40 mA.
When the electron beam is used for welding, a first welding seam is welded, the welding beam is deflected to a contact rod by 3 (copper) by 0.5mm, and the welding beam is gathered into upper gathering; scanning and adjusting to 0.8 time of a first welding line, translating a welding gun to a second welding line, selecting 180 degrees of workpieces before welding, welding the workpieces with the difference of 180 degrees from the initial position during first welding, welding the workpieces by focusing the workpieces into a lower focusing position, guiding the welding positions of the flow ring 2, the contact ring 4 and the contact rod 3 by the first welding line, and guiding the welding positions of the flow ring 2 and the arc extinguishing ring 1 by the second welding line.
When the electron beam welding is carried out, the ending position is 2-5 degrees more than the starting position after the circumferential welding, the high vacuum welding and the circumferential ending are 2-5 degrees, the welding air holes and the welding seam forming quality are effectively reduced, and the welding seam is not required to be modified for the second time.
Example 5
A method for preparing dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with thin-wall structure is provided, the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact is obtained by welding base metal parts of different materials and then directly forming; the welding is electron beam welding, and the specific steps are as follows:
step one, preparing a copper-tungsten 80 alloy arc extinguishing ring 1 in an integral sintering mode;
step two, preparing a steel Q345B diversion ring 2 and a TCr0.7 alloy contact ring 4 in a machining mode;
thirdly, preparing a CuCrZr alloy contact rod 3 through forging, heat treatment and machining;
step four, assembling the products obtained in the step one, the step two and the step three, wherein the clearance is smaller than 0.05 mm;
step five, performing electron beam welding to obtain the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with the thin-wall structure, wherein the vacuum degree is as follows: 6x10-2Pa；
And step six, after welding, the welding chamber is stored for not less than 10 minutes, so that the product is prevented from being deformed due to oxidation and heat shock, and the welding seam of the product is ensured to be welded due to the heat shock.
The wall thickness of the flow guide ring 2 and the contact ring 4 is 1 mm.
The electron beam welding parameters were set as follows: first pass weld parameters: the welding depth is 2.5-4 mm; acceleration voltage: 85 kv; focusing: 420 mA; welding beam current: 17 mA; welding time: 12 s; scanning: x50 mA;
and (3) second weld parameters: the welding depth is 1.5-3 mm; acceleration voltage: 85 kv; focusing: 400 mA; welding beam current: 12 mA; welding time: 12 s; scanning: x40 mA, Y40 mA.
When the electron beam is used for welding, a first welding seam is welded, the welding beam is deflected to a contact rod by 3 (copper) by 0.5mm, and the welding beam is gathered into upper gathering; scanning and adjusting to 0.8 time of a first welding line, translating a welding gun to a second welding line, selecting 180 degrees of workpieces before welding, welding the workpieces with the difference of 180 degrees from the initial position during first welding, welding the workpieces by focusing the workpieces into a lower focusing position, guiding the welding positions of the flow ring 2, the contact ring 4 and the contact rod 3 by the first welding line, and guiding the welding positions of the flow ring 2 and the arc extinguishing ring 1 by the second welding line.
When the electron beam welding is carried out, the ending position is 2-5 degrees more than the starting position after the circumferential welding, the high vacuum welding and the circumferential ending are 2-5 degrees, the welding air holes and the welding seam forming quality are effectively reduced, and the welding seam is not required to be modified for the second time.
Example 6
A method for preparing dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with thin-wall structure is provided, the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact is obtained by welding base metal parts of different materials and then directly forming; the welding is electron beam welding, and the specific steps are as follows:
step one, preparing a copper-tungsten 80 alloy arc extinguishing ring 1 in an integral sintering mode;
step two, preparing a steel Q345B diversion ring 2 and a TCr0.7 alloy contact ring 4 in a machining mode;
thirdly, preparing a CuCrZr alloy contact rod 3 through forging, heat treatment and machining;
step four, assembling the products obtained in the step one, the step two and the step three, wherein the clearance is smaller than 0.05 mm;
step five, performing electron beam welding to obtain the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with the thin-wall structure, wherein the vacuum degree is as follows: 6x10-2 Pa;
step six, after welding, the welding chamber is stored for not less than 10 minutes, the cooling speed of the product is controlled, and oxidation and deformation are prevented;
step seven: and after welding, carrying out coloring detection on the two welding seams.
The electron beam welding parameters were set as follows: first pass weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 420 mA; welding beam current: 60 mA; welding speed: 5 mm/s; waveform: triangular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz; and (3) second weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 400 mA; welding beam current: 40-45 mA; welding speed: 6 mm/s; waveform: circular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz;
during the electron beam welding process, the lapping area is controlled at 2-5 degrees, the energy input is controlled while the complete penetration of welding is ensured, the internal pores of the welding seam are effectively reduced by high vacuum atmosphere welding and low frequency scanning, and the surface of the obtained welding seam does not need to be decorated and welded.
Example 7
A method for preparing dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with thin-wall structure is provided, the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact is obtained by welding base metal parts of different materials and then directly forming; the welding is electron beam welding, and the specific steps are as follows:
step one, preparing a copper-tungsten 80 alloy arc extinguishing ring 1 in an integral sintering mode;
step two, preparing a steel Q345B diversion ring 2 and a TCr0.7 alloy contact ring 4 in a machining mode;
thirdly, preparing a CuCrZr alloy contact rod 3 through forging, heat treatment and machining;
step four, assembling the products obtained in the step one, the step two and the step three, wherein the clearance is smaller than 0.05 mm;
step five, performing electron beam welding to obtain the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with the thin-wall structure, wherein the vacuum degree is as follows: 6x10-2 Pa;
step six, after welding, the welding chamber is stored for not less than 10 minutes, the cooling speed of the product is controlled, and oxidation and deformation are prevented;
step seven: and after welding, carrying out coloring detection on the two welding seams.
The electron beam welding parameters were set as follows: first pass weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 420 mA; welding beam current: 60-65 mA; welding speed: 7 mm/s; waveform: triangular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz; and (3) second weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 400 mA; welding beam current: 45 mA; welding speed: 9 mm/s; waveform: circular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz;
during the electron beam welding process, the lapping area is controlled at 2-5 degrees, the energy input is controlled while the complete penetration of welding is ensured, the internal pores of the welding seam are effectively reduced by high vacuum atmosphere welding and low frequency scanning, and the surface of the obtained welding seam does not need to be decorated and welded.
The wall thickness of the parts and the different specific welding processes and welding parameters of the welding forms in the invention are different, the embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive mode, each embodiment focuses on the difference from the other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The thin-wall dissimilar metal composite grounding contact is characterized by comprising an arc extinguishing ring (1), a flow guide ring (2), a contact rod (3) and a contact ring (4);
the contact rod (3) is of a step-shaped cylinder structure, a groove is formed in the bottom of the contact rod (3), and the groove is in a combined shape formed by a cone and a cylinder; the contact rod (3) is provided with a transverse round hole (7) and a longitudinal round hole (8);
the guide ring (2) and the contact ring (4) are of a cylindrical structure, the guide ring (2) is arranged on the outer side of the contact ring (4), and one ends of the guide ring (2) and the contact ring (4) are welded on the same step surface of the contact rod (3) through electron beams;
a first groove (5) and a second groove (6) are sequentially arranged from inside to outside of the arc extinguishing ring (1); the other end of the guide ring (2) is fixed in a second groove (6) on the arc extinguishing ring (1) through electron beam welding; the other end of the contact ring (4) is arranged in the first groove (5), and the width of the first groove (5) is larger than the wall thickness of the contact ring (4); the contact ring (4) is used for fixing the composite grounding contact when the composite grounding contact is connected with the contact component.
2. The thin-walled dissimilar metal composite ground contact as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arc extinguishing ring (1) is made of copper-tungsten 80 alloy, and comprises 78-82% of W, 18-22% of Cu and less than 0.5% of impurities by mass.
3. The thin-wall dissimilar metal composite ground contact as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deflector ring (2) is made of steel Q345B, and comprises the components of, by mass, C less than or equal to 0.22%, Si less than or equal to 0.55%, Mn less than or equal to 1.6%, P less than or equal to 0.03%, S less than or equal to 0.035%, and the balance of impurities.
4. The thin-walled dissimilar metal composite ground contact according to claim 1, wherein the contact stem (3) is made of a CuCrZr alloy having a composition, by mass, of Cr: 0.5-1.2%; 0.03-0.3% of Zr; the balance being Cu.
5. The thin-walled dissimilar metal composite ground contact as claimed in claim 1, wherein the contact ring (4) is made of a tcr0.7 alloy having a composition, by mass, Cr: 0.55-0.85% and the balance of Cu.
6. The thin-walled dissimilar metal composite ground contact according to claim 1, wherein the wall thickness of the deflector ring (2) and the contact ring (4) is 1-3 mm.
7. The method for manufacturing a thin-walled dissimilar metal composite ground contact according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the dissimilar metal composite ground contact is obtained by welding base metal parts of different materials and then directly molding; the welding is electron beam welding, and the specific steps are as follows:
step one, preparing a copper-tungsten 80 alloy arc extinguishing ring (1) in an integral sintering mode;
step two, preparing a steel Q345B diversion ring (2) and a TCr0.7 alloy contact ring (4) in a machining mode;
step three, preparing a CuCrZr alloy contact rod (3) through forging, heat treatment and machining;
step four, assembling the products obtained in the step one, the step two and the step three, wherein the clearance is smaller than 0.05 mm;
step five, performing electron beam welding to obtain the dissimilar metal composite grounding contact with the thin-wall structure, wherein the vacuum degree is as follows: 6x10-2Pa；
And step six, after welding, storing the welding chamber for not less than 10 minutes.
8. The method of making a thin-walled dissimilar metal composite ground contact according to claim 7, wherein the electron beam welding parameters are set as follows:
first pass weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 420 mA; welding beam current: 60-65 mA; welding speed: 5mm/s-7 mm/s; waveform: triangular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz;
and (3) second weld parameters: acceleration voltage: 85 kV; focusing: 400 mA; welding beam current: 40-45 mA; welding speed: 6mm/s-9 mm/s; waveform: circular wave, amplitude: 1mm, frequency: 20 Hz.
9. The method for manufacturing the thin-wall dissimilar metal composite ground contact according to claim 7, wherein a first welding line is welded during electron beam welding, and a welding beam is deflected to a contact rod (3) by 0.5mm and is gathered to be surface gathering; and translating the welding gun to a second welding seam, wherein the welding starting position is staggered by 180 degrees with the first welding seam.
10. The method for manufacturing a thin-walled dissimilar metal composite ground contact according to claim 7, wherein a weld joint overlapping region is 2 to 5 ° during electron beam welding.
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| CN112103122B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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