CN112104373A - Current frequency conversion circuit and method - Google Patents
Current frequency conversion circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112104373A CN112104373A CN202010996724.1A CN202010996724A CN112104373A CN 112104373 A CN112104373 A CN 112104373A CN 202010996724 A CN202010996724 A CN 202010996724A CN 112104373 A CN112104373 A CN 112104373A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
- H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
- H03M1/50—Analogue/digital converters with intermediate conversion to time interval
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Abstract
The application discloses current frequency conversion circuit and method relates to current frequency conversion technical field, and the circuit includes: the device comprises an integrating circuit, two positive and negative constant current sources and a control circuit. The integrating circuit is used for converting the input current into voltage and outputting the voltage; the absolute value of the first constant current source is larger than that of the second constant current source; the control circuit is configured to: the control circuit periodically acquires the voltage output by the integrating circuit, continuously calculates the voltage change rate of the latter voltage relative to the former voltage, and outputs the voltage change rate as a digital quantity; and when the voltage absolute value of the latter voltage is not less than the preset voltage absolute value: if the absolute value of the voltage change rate is not less than the preset voltage change rate, the control circuit enables the first constant current source to charge or discharge the integrating circuit according to the sign of the voltage change rate; and conversely, the second constant current source is enabled to charge or discharge the integrating circuit. The current frequency conversion circuit can improve the resolution, conversion precision and measuring range of the current frequency conversion circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to current-to-frequency conversion technologies, and in particular, to a current-to-frequency conversion circuit and method.
Background
At present, a current frequency conversion circuit is an important component of an inertial navigation system, and is generally used for converting an analog current signal input by a sensor such as an accelerometer, a gyroscope and the like in the inertial navigation system into a frequency pulse signal to be output, so that information of a target sensor is obtained, and the current frequency conversion circuit is widely applied.
In the prior art, when an external analog current is input, an integrating circuit in a current frequency conversion circuit integrates firstly, no pulse is output in an integrating stage, when the integrated voltage exceeds the threshold voltage of a comparator, a trigger controls the on-off of a logic switch, a constant current source discharges to the integrating circuit, and the integrating circuit enters a feedback stage and simultaneously generates a digital quantity pulse.
However, the conventional current-frequency conversion circuit has the following problems: when the external analog current is small, the integration phase takes a long time, so that a digital quantity pulse is generated for a long time, namely the resolution of the current frequency conversion circuit is low; when the external analog current is large, the charging and discharging speed of the constant current source to the integrating circuit is slow, the integrating circuit is in a feedback stage for a long time, or the switching is frequently performed in the feedback stage and the integrating stage, namely the conversion precision of the conversion circuit is poor, and the measuring range of the current frequency conversion circuit is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a current frequency conversion circuit and a method, which are used for solving the technical problems of low resolution, poor conversion precision and insufficient measuring range of the current frequency conversion circuit in the related technology.
In a first aspect, a current-to-frequency conversion circuit is provided, including:
an integrating circuit for converting an input current into a voltage and outputting the voltage;
two positive and negative constant current sources: the absolute value of the first constant current source is larger than that of the second constant current source;
a control circuit configured to:
the control circuit is used for periodically acquiring the voltage output by the integrating circuit at intervals of a first time period, continuously calculating the voltage change rate of the latter voltage relative to the former voltage, and outputting the voltage change rate as a digital quantity;
and when the voltage absolute value of the latter voltage is not less than the preset voltage absolute value: if the absolute value of the voltage change rate is not less than the preset voltage change rate, the control circuit enables the first constant current source to charge or discharge the integration circuit according to the sign of the voltage change rate; and otherwise, enabling the second constant current source to charge or discharge the integration circuit.
In some embodiments, the current-to-frequency conversion circuit further comprises:
and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for acquiring the voltage converted by the integrating circuit, converting the voltage into digital quantity from analog quantity and outputting the digital quantity to the control circuit.
In some embodiments, the current-to-frequency conversion circuit further comprises:
and the switch circuit is used for conducting the first constant current source or the second constant current source with the integration circuit according to a control signal of the control circuit so as to enable the first constant current source or the second constant current source to charge or discharge the integration circuit.
In some embodiments, the current-to-frequency conversion circuit further comprises:
and a crystal oscillator circuit for generating a clock signal and outputting the clock signal to the control circuit.
In some embodiments, the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit for a preset second time period, and the preset second time period is smaller than the preset first time period.
In a second aspect, a current frequency conversion method based on the current frequency conversion circuit is provided, which includes the following steps:
the integrating circuit converts the input current into voltage;
the control circuit periodically acquires the voltage converted by the integrating circuit at intervals of a first time period, continuously calculates the voltage change rate of the latter voltage relative to the former voltage and outputs the voltage change rate as a digital quantity;
and when the voltage absolute value of the latter voltage is not less than the preset voltage absolute value: if the absolute value of the voltage change rate is not less than the preset voltage change rate, the control circuit enables the first constant current source to charge or discharge the integrating circuit according to the sign of the voltage change rate; and conversely, the second constant current source is enabled to charge or discharge the integrating circuit.
In some embodiments, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit obtains the voltage converted by the integrating circuit, and converts the voltage from an analog quantity to a digital quantity to output to the control circuit.
In some embodiments, the switch circuit connects the first constant current source or the second constant current source with the integration circuit according to a control signal of the control circuit, so that the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit.
In some embodiments, a crystal oscillator circuit is used to generate a clock signal and output the clock signal to the control circuit.
In some embodiments, the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit for a predetermined second time period, and the predetermined second time period is smaller than the predetermined first time period.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
the embodiment of the application provides a current frequency conversion circuit and a method, because the control circuit can calculate and output a digital quantity according to the voltage variation in the integration stage, the problem that a digital quantity pulse is output only when the threshold voltage is reached in the prior art is avoided, and the resolution of the current frequency conversion circuit is improved. Meanwhile, when a large current is input, the first constant current source with a large absolute value is used for rapidly charging or discharging the integrating circuit, the integrating circuit is prevented from being frequently switched between a feedback stage and an integrating stage, the time of the integrating circuit in the feedback stage is short, the conversion precision of the conversion circuit is high, and the measuring range of the circuit is widened.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a current-to-frequency conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a voltage diagram of an output of an integrating circuit of a current-to-frequency conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a voltage diagram of the output of the integrating circuit of the current-to-frequency conversion circuit;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of positive and negative constant current sources of a current frequency conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of an integrating circuit of a current-to-frequency conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a current frequency conversion circuit, which can solve the technical problems of low resolution, poor conversion precision and insufficient range of the existing current frequency conversion circuit.
Referring to fig. 1, a current-to-frequency conversion circuit includes: the device comprises an integrating circuit, two positive and negative constant current sources and a control circuit.
The integrating circuit is used for converting the input current into voltage and outputting the voltage. Two positive and negative constant current sources: the first constant current source and the second constant current source, the absolute value of the first constant current source is larger than the absolute value of the second constant current source.
A control circuit configured to: the control circuit is used for periodically acquiring the voltage output by the integrating circuit at intervals of a first time period, continuously calculating the voltage change rate of the latter voltage relative to the former voltage and outputting the voltage change rate as a digital quantity; and when the voltage absolute value of the latter voltage is not less than the preset voltage absolute value: if the voltage change rate is not less than the preset voltage change rate, the control circuit enables the first constant current source to charge or discharge the integration circuit; and conversely, the second constant current source is enabled to charge or discharge the integrating circuit.
The current frequency conversion circuit in the embodiment of the application has the following working principle:
the input current enters an integrating circuit, the integrating circuit starts integration and converts the current into an integrating voltage, and the control circuit periodically acquires the integrating voltage by taking a first time period delta T as an interval. Referring to fig. 2, it is assumed that the control circuit obtains the integrated voltage U1 at a certain time and the absolute value of U1 is smaller than the preset absolute value of voltage U0, and obtains the integrated voltage U2 at the next time and the absolute value of U1 is also smaller than the preset absolute value of voltage U0. Then, within the Δ T, the voltage change rate K ═ G × (Δ U)/Δ T ═ G × (U2-U1)/Δ T (G is a given scaling factor), and obviously K is proportional to the input current, and K is output as a digital quantity, that is, it can be understood that the current value conversion frequency value is output. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the present application, the output digital quantity may be calculated according to the voltage variation in the integration stage, so that a digital quantity pulse is prevented from being output only when a threshold voltage (i.e., a voltage absolute value U0 preset in the present application) is reached in the conventional current-frequency conversion circuit, and the resolution of the current-frequency conversion circuit is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, as the integrated voltage decreases, when the voltage absolute value of U2 is not less than the preset voltage absolute value U0: if the absolute value of the voltage change rate K is not less than the preset voltage change rate K0, the input current can be judged to be larger, and if the voltage change rate K is a negative value and the input current can be judged to be positive, the control circuit enables the first constant current source to discharge to the integration circuit; if the absolute value of the voltage change rate is smaller than the preset voltage change rate, the input current can be judged to be small, if the voltage change rate is a negative value, the input current can be judged to be positive, and the control circuit enables the second constant current source to discharge to the integrating circuit. The situation of the input current being negative is similar and will not be described again. In addition, after charging or discharging the integration circuit, the integration circuit enters a feedback phase. In the feedback phase, the voltage change rate K is G (U3-U2 ± M)/Δ T (U3 is the voltage obtained by the control circuit in the next cycle of U2, and M is the voltage change amount caused by the constant current source feedback current) according to the charge balance principle. When a large current is input, the first constant current source with a large absolute value is used for charging or discharging the integrating circuit, the charging or discharging speed is high, compared with the existing current frequency conversion circuit, the integration circuit is prevented from being frequently switched between a feedback stage and an integration stage, the time of the integrating circuit in the feedback stage is short, the conversion precision of the conversion circuit is high, and the measuring range of the circuit is enlarged.
As an optional implementation manner, the current frequency conversion circuit in the embodiment of the present application further includes an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is configured to obtain a voltage converted by the integrating circuit, convert the voltage from an analog quantity to a digital quantity, and output the digital quantity to the control circuit. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit can select a high-precision A/D chip, and after the analog-to-digital conversion circuit converts analog voltage into digital voltage, the analog voltage is convenient for the control circuit to obtain.
As an optional implementation manner, the current frequency conversion circuit in the embodiment of the present application further includes a switching circuit, where the switching circuit is configured to conduct the first constant current source or the second constant current source with the integration circuit according to a control signal of the control circuit, so that the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit. Preferably, the switch circuit adopts a four-channel switch chip, the common end of the switch circuit is connected with the input end of the integration circuit, the four channels of the switch circuit are sequentially connected with the positive channel of the first constant current source, the negative channel of the first constant current source, the positive channel of the second constant current source and the negative channel of the second constant current source, and the control end of the switch circuit is connected with the control circuit.
As an optional implementation manner, the current frequency conversion circuit in the embodiment of the present application further includes a crystal oscillator circuit, and the crystal oscillator circuit is configured to generate a clock signal and output the clock signal to the control circuit, so as to meet a time requirement that the control circuit periodically obtains the output voltage of the integration circuit.
As an optional implementation manner, in the current frequency conversion circuit in the embodiment of the present application, the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit in a preset second time period, and the preset second time period is smaller than the preset first time period, so that it is ensured that the time of the feedback stage of the integration circuit is smaller than the time of the control circuit acquiring the voltage of the integration circuit each time, and the conversion accuracy of the conversion circuit is improved. The circuit diagram of the positive and negative constant current sources is shown in fig. 4, and mainly comprises resistors R1-R5, a triode V1, operational amplifiers N1 and N2, wherein the resistors R2, R3 and R5 are adjustable resistors, and the size of the positive and negative constant current sources can be adjusted.
As an alternative implementation, a circuit diagram of the current frequency conversion circuit in the embodiment of the present application, which is an integration circuit, is shown in fig. 5, and mainly includes a high-precision operational amplifier N3, a resistor R6, an integration capacitor C1, and transistors V2 and V3. The inverting input end of the operational amplifier N3 is connected with the input current through a resistor R1, the output end of the operational amplifier N3 is connected with the triodes V2 and V3, and the triodes V2 and V3 form a composite transistor, so that the total current gain is greatly improved, and the quick charging or discharging of the current is realized.
The embodiment of the application provides a current frequency conversion method of a circuit, which comprises the following steps:
the integration circuit converts the input current into a voltage.
The control circuit periodically acquires the voltage converted by the integrating circuit at intervals of a first time period, continuously calculates the voltage change rate of the latter voltage relative to the former voltage, and outputs the voltage change rate as a digital quantity.
And when the voltage absolute value of the latter voltage is not less than the preset voltage absolute value: if the absolute value of the voltage change rate is not less than the preset voltage change rate, the control circuit enables the first constant current source to charge or discharge the integrating circuit according to the sign of the voltage change rate; and conversely, the second constant current source is enabled to charge or discharge the integrating circuit.
As an optional implementation manner, in the current frequency conversion method in the embodiment of the present application, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit obtains a voltage converted by the integrating circuit, converts an analog quantity of the voltage into a digital quantity, and outputs the digital quantity to the control circuit.
As an optional implementation manner, in the current frequency conversion method in the embodiment of the present application, the switch circuit conducts the first constant current source or the second constant current source with the integration circuit according to a control signal of the control circuit, so that the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit.
As an optional implementation manner, in the current frequency conversion method in the embodiment of the present application, a crystal oscillator circuit is used to generate a clock signal, and the clock signal is output to a control circuit.
As an optional implementation manner, in the current frequency conversion method in the embodiment of the present application, the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit for a preset second time period, and the preset second time period is smaller than the preset first time period.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A current-to-frequency conversion circuit, comprising:
an integrating circuit for converting an input current into a voltage and outputting the voltage;
two positive and negative constant current sources: the absolute value of the first constant current source is larger than that of the second constant current source;
a control circuit configured to:
the control circuit is used for periodically acquiring the voltage output by the integrating circuit at intervals of a first time period, continuously calculating the voltage change rate of the latter voltage relative to the former voltage, and outputting the voltage change rate as a digital quantity;
and when the voltage absolute value of the latter voltage is not less than the preset voltage absolute value: if the absolute value of the voltage change rate is not less than the preset voltage change rate, the control circuit enables the first constant current source to charge or discharge the integration circuit according to the sign of the voltage change rate; and otherwise, enabling the second constant current source to charge or discharge the integration circuit.
2. The current-to-frequency conversion circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for acquiring the voltage converted by the integrating circuit, converting the voltage into digital quantity from analog quantity and outputting the digital quantity to the control circuit.
3. The current-to-frequency conversion circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
and the switch circuit is used for conducting the first constant current source or the second constant current source with the integration circuit according to a control signal of the control circuit so as to enable the first constant current source or the second constant current source to charge or discharge the integration circuit.
4. The current-to-frequency conversion circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
and a crystal oscillator circuit for generating a clock signal and outputting the clock signal to the control circuit.
5. A current-to-frequency conversion circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit in a preset second time period, and the preset second time period is smaller than the preset first time period.
6. A current frequency conversion method based on the current frequency conversion circuit according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the integrating circuit converts the input current into voltage;
the control circuit periodically acquires the voltage converted by the integrating circuit at intervals of a first time period, continuously calculates the voltage change rate of the latter voltage relative to the former voltage and outputs the voltage change rate as a digital quantity;
and when the voltage absolute value of the latter voltage is not less than the preset voltage absolute value: if the absolute value of the voltage change rate is not less than the preset voltage change rate, the control circuit enables the first constant current source to charge or discharge the integrating circuit according to the sign of the voltage change rate; and conversely, the second constant current source is enabled to charge or discharge the integrating circuit.
7. A current frequency conversion method according to claim 6, wherein:
the analog-to-digital conversion circuit obtains the voltage converted by the integrating circuit, converts the voltage from analog quantity to digital quantity and outputs the digital quantity to the control circuit.
8. A current frequency conversion method according to claim 6, wherein:
the switch circuit conducts the first constant current source or the second constant current source with the integration circuit according to a control signal of the control circuit, so that the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit.
9. A current frequency conversion method according to claim 6, wherein:
a crystal oscillator circuit is used for generating a clock signal and outputting the clock signal to a control circuit.
10. A current frequency conversion method according to claim 6, wherein:
the first constant current source or the second constant current source charges or discharges the integration circuit in a preset second time period, and the preset second time period is smaller than the preset first time period.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010996724.1A CN112104373B (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Current frequency conversion circuit and method |
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| CN202010996724.1A CN112104373B (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Current frequency conversion circuit and method |
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| CN112104373A true CN112104373A (en) | 2020-12-18 |
| CN112104373B CN112104373B (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114720716A (en) * | 2022-04-03 | 2022-07-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Feedback tracking and charge balance type current digital conversion circuit |
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