CN112082400A - A heat exchanger and heat exchanger system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and discloses a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger system. The heat exchanger comprises a calandria and fins, wherein the fins are arranged on the outer wall of the calandria, and the height of the fins extends along the radial direction of the calandria. The fin includes first fin and second fin, and the face of first fin is parallel with the axis of calandria, and the face of second fin is perpendicular with the axis of calandria. The first fin comprises a first heat conduction part and a second heat conduction part which are sequentially connected with the calandria, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the second heat conduction part is smaller than that of the first heat conduction part and that of the calandria. The second fin comprises a third heat conduction part and a fourth heat conduction part which are sequentially connected with the calandria, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the fourth heat conduction part is smaller than that of the third heat conduction part and that of the calandria. According to the heat exchanger provided by the invention, the heat conductivity coefficients of the second heat conduction part and the fourth heat conduction part are lower, the phase-change solid substance can be prevented from annularly wrapping the discharge pipe, the separation time of the phase-change solid substance is shortened, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Description

A heat exchanger and heat exchanger system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger system.

Background technique

With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for energy is also increasing, such as central air-conditioning refrigeration, heating in northern winter, logistics cold supply chain, large-scale heat storage and cold storage, etc. The transfer of cold and heat here involves the use of heat exchangers. For conventional fluid medium heat transfer, high heat exchange efficiency can be achieved by increasing the thermal conductivity of heat exchanger materials, increasing the heat exchange area, and increasing the flow velocity of conventional fluids, which can respond to the country's requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction . However, some heat exchanger systems involve the phase change of the medium, especially the heat transfer system of gas-solid and liquid-solid phase change, these situations often become complicated. When the fluid medium receives cold energy or releases heat, when the phase changes and becomes solid, it tends to wrap the heat exchanger; and over time, the thickness of the solid will become larger and larger. The heat conduction system of the heat exchanger is not very large, generally between 0.1-3W/(m·K), which leads to the increasing thermal resistance generated by the solid material, which seriously affects the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, and at the same time increases the fluid The flow rate of the medium has little effect on improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

At present, the cooling capacity is usually transferred to the fluid medium at a temperature lower than the phase transition temperature. When the thickness of the solid material is too large, the heat exchanger switches to the heating mode, and the temperature is above the phase transition temperature, so that the phase transition solid material attached to the heat exchanger is switched to the heating mode. The surface liquefies and eventually falls off the heat exchanger. However, this liquefaction time is often relatively long, resulting in a large loss of transport cooling capacity. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the structure of heat exchangers involving such phase changes, to speed up the shedding time of phase-change solids, to reduce cooling loss, and to improve the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchangers.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The first object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger, which can shorten the time for the phase-change solid matter to be detached and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger system, by applying the above heat exchanger, the phase-change solid matter can be quickly dropped off, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange system can be improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A heat exchanger comprising:

A heat exchange assembly, the heat exchange assembly includes tubes and fins, the tubes can pass a refrigerant or a heat transfer agent, the fins are arranged on the outer wall of the tubes, and the fins are arranged on the outer wall of the tubes. The height extends along the radial direction of the row of pipes;

The fin includes a first fin and a second fin, the plate surface of the first fin is parallel to the axis of the row of tubes, and the plate surface of the second fin is perpendicular to the axis of the row of tubes ;

The first fin includes a first heat-conducting part and a second heat-conducting part which are connected with the row tubes in sequence, and the thermal conductivity of the second heat-conducting part is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the first heat-conducting part and the thermal conductivity of the row tubes. Thermal Conductivity;

The second fin includes a third heat-conducting part and a fourth heat-conducting part connected to the row pipes in sequence, and the thermal conductivity of the fourth heat-conducting part is smaller than that of the third heat-conducting part and the heat-conducting coefficient of the row pipes. Thermal Conductivity.

As a preferred solution of the heat exchanger, at least two groups of the heat exchange components are arranged at intervals, the heat exchanger further includes a connecting pipe and a thermal insulation layer, and the first ends of the two adjacent pipes pass through the The connecting pipes are connected, the heat insulating layer wraps the connecting pipes, and the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer is smaller than that of the row pipes.

As a preferred solution of the heat exchanger, the first fins are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the row tubes, the second fins are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the row tubes, and the first fins are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the row tubes. Two fins are connected with the first fins on the upper and lower sides of the row of tubes.

As a preferred solution of the heat exchanger, a plurality of the second fins are arranged at intervals along the axis of the row of tubes.

As a preferred solution of the heat exchanger, the thermal conductivity of the tubes is 5-500W/(m·K); and/or

The thermal conductivity of the first thermally conductive portion and the third thermally conductive portion is 5-500 W/(m·K); and/or

The thermal conductivity of the second heat-conducting part and the fourth heat-conducting part is 0.01-0.3 W/(m·K).

As a preferred solution of the heat exchanger, the pipes are made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel; and/or

The first heat conducting portion is made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel material; and/or

The third heat conducting portion is made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel material; and/or

the second heat conducting portion is made of plastic or rubber; and/or

The fourth heat conducting part is made of plastic or rubber.

As a preferred solution of the heat exchanger, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer is 0.01-0.3 W/(m·K).

As a preferred solution of the heat exchanger, the thermal insulation layer is made of plastic or rubber.

A heat exchanger system comprising the heat exchanger as described above.

As a preferred solution of the heat exchanger system, it further includes a switching valve to connect a low temperature cold source and a high temperature heat source, and the low temperature cold source and the high temperature heat source are connected to the row pipe through the switching valve to communicate with the row pipe. Load refrigerant or heat transfer agent.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

In the heat exchanger provided by the present invention, when the cooling condition is released, the cooling medium is fed into the row pipes to release the cooling. Since the second heat-conducting part farther away from the row-pipe is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the row-pipe and the first heat-conducting part, Therefore, the growth rate of the phase-change solid material on the second heat-conducting part is very slow, and the second heat-conducting part has a certain height. Generally, the phase-change solid substances on both sides of the tube cannot be connected to one piece across the top of the second heat-conducting part, so the second heat-conducting part starts When the solid matter on the tubes and fins grows to a certain thickness and the growth rate becomes very slow, a heat transfer agent is introduced into the tubes, so that the surface temperature of the tubes and fins exceeds the melting temperature of the solid matter , so that the phase-change solid matter adhering to the surface of the tube and the fin quickly liquefies. Due to the difference between the solid density and the liquid density of the phase-change material, under the action of gravity, the solid matter can easily fall off both sides of the tube. After the solid material falls off, the refrigerant can be re-introduced into the exhaust pipe, thereby forming a periodic heat exchange process of cooling-heating. The heat exchanger provided by the present invention has the following advantages: (1) the thermal conductivity of the first heat conducting part is relatively high, which can effectively increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency; (2) the thermal conductivity of the second heat conducting part is relatively low , the second heat-conducting part has an isolation function, so that the phase-change solid material on both sides of the exhaust pipe is divided into two pieces under the cooling condition, avoiding the formation of a cylindrical solid block, preventing the phase-change solid material from fully wrapping the exhaust pipe, and then It greatly shortens the time for the phase change solid matter to separate under the heating condition, reduces the input heat, and increases the amount of cooling released in the cooling-heating cycle; (3) Since the phase change solid matter on the exhaust pipe can be quickly removed, it is The thermal resistance formed by the phase-change solid material can be limited to a lower value, thereby greatly improving the cooling and heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, thereby greatly shortening the cooling time; The volume of the heat exchanger can be effectively reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the equipment can be reduced.

The heat exchanger system provided by the present invention, by applying the above-mentioned heat exchanger, can rapidly fall off the phase-change solid matter, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange system.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tube arrangement and a fin provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view of a tube and a fin provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

In the picture:

1-heat exchanger; 11-pipe; 12-fin; 121-first heat-conducting part; 122-second heat-conducting part; 123-third heat-conducting part; 124-fourth heat-conducting part; 13-connecting pipe; 14 -Insulation layer; 15-Entry and exit;

2- cold storage tank;

3- filter;

4-circulation assembly; 41-circulation pipeline; 411-inlet; 412-outlet; 42-valve; 43-water pump; 44-water distributor nozzle;

5- switch valve;

6- Low temperature cold source and high temperature heat source.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1-FIG. 3, this embodiment provides a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger 1 includes a heat exchange component, and the heat exchange component includes an exhaust pipe 11 and fins 12, and the exhaust pipe 11 can pass a refrigerant into the exhaust pipe 11. Or heat transfer agent, fins 12 are arranged on the outer wall of the tube 11 , and the height of the fins 12 extends along the radial direction of the tube 11 . The fins 12 include a first fin and a second fin. The plate surface of the first fin is parallel to the axis of the row tube 11, which is equivalent to the longitudinal fin of the first fin, and the plate surface of the second fin is parallel to the row tube. The axis of 11 is vertical, which is equivalent to that the second fin is a transverse fin. The first fin includes a first heat conduction part 121 and a second heat conduction part 122 connected to the row pipe 11 in sequence. The second fin includes a third heat conduction part 123 and a fourth heat conduction part 124 connected to the row pipe 11 in sequence.

In the heat exchanger provided in this embodiment, when the cooling is released, the exhaust pipe 11 is fed with a carrier refrigerant to release the cooling. The thermal conductivity is the same as the thermal conductivity of the first thermally conductive portion 121, and the thermal conductivity of the fourth thermally conductive portion 124 farther from the row pipe 11 is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the row of pipes 11 and the thermal conductivity of the third thermally conductive portion 123. Therefore, the second thermally conductive portion 122 and the fourth heat-conducting portion 124 above the phase-change solid matter grows very slowly, and the second heat-conducting portion 122 and the fourth heat-conducting portion 124 have a certain height, and the phase-change solid matter on both sides of the tube 11 generally cannot cross the second heat-conducting portion. 122 and the top of the fourth heat-conducting part 124 are connected into one piece, that is to say, the isolation effect of the longitudinal first fins makes the phase change solid matter into a semi-circular cylindrical shape, and the isolation effect of the horizontal second fins makes The phase-change solid matter is truncated into a short semi-circular cylindrical shape; when the solid matter on the tube 11 and the fins 12 grows to a certain thickness, and the growth rate becomes very slow, the heat transfer agent is introduced into the tube 11 , so that the surface temperature of the tube 11 and the fins 12 exceeds the melting temperature of the solid material, so that the phase-change solid material that is attached to the surface of the tube 11 and the fin 12 is quickly liquefied. , Under the action of gravity, the solid matter easily falls off both sides of the tube 11 . After the solid material falls off, the refrigerant can be re-introduced to the exhaust pipe 11, thereby forming a periodic heat exchange process of cooling-heating. In this embodiment, the solid state of the phase change material is ice, and the liquid state is water. The refrigerant is ethylene glycol solution.

The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment has the following advantages: (1) the thermal conductivity of the first heat conduction part 121 and the third heat conduction part 123 are relatively high, which can effectively increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency; The thermal conductivity of the second heat conduction part 122 and the fourth heat conduction part 124 is relatively low, and the second heat conduction part 122 and the fourth heat conduction part 124 have the function of longitudinal and lateral isolation, so that the phase change solids on both sides of the exhaust pipe 12 are made under the cooling condition. The material is separated to avoid the formation of a cylindrical solid block, and to prevent the phase-change solid material from fully wrapping the pipe 11, thereby greatly shortening the time for the phase-change solid material to separate under the heating condition, reducing the input heat, and improving the cooling-heating (3) Since the phase-changed solid matter on the exhaust pipe 11 can be quickly removed, the thermal resistance formed by the phase-changed solid matter can be limited to a lower value, thereby greatly improving the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger. The cooling heat exchange efficiency is greatly shortened, so that the cooling time is greatly shortened; (4) The thermal conductivity of the row pipe 11 is relatively high, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 1 and accelerate the cooling release rate under cooling conditions; (5) Due to the improvement of the cooling-releasing heat exchange efficiency, the volume of the heat exchanger 1 can be effectively reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the equipment can be reduced.

The heat exchanger provided in this implementation is based on the general orientation of efficient energy utilization, energy saving, environmental protection and emission reduction, meets the needs of the industry for the application of new energy-saving technologies, and takes the high-efficiency heat exchange project with phase change as the ultimate goal to meet the refrigeration of large central air conditioners. , Central heating in winter in the north, logistics cold supply chain, large-scale heat storage and cold storage, etc. can effectively utilize cold and heat energy and improve economic benefits.

Optionally, the first heat-conducting portion 121 and the third heat-conducting portion 123 are integrally formed with the pipe 11 , or both the first and third heat-conducting portions 121 and 123 are connected to the pipe 11 by welding.

Optionally, the second heat-conducting portion 122 is adhesively connected to the top of the first heat-conducting portion 121 . The fourth heat-conducting portion 124 is adhesively connected to the top of the third heat-conducting portion 123 .

In this embodiment, the first fins are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the row pipe 11 , the second fins are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the row pipe 11 , and the second fins are arranged with the first fins on the upper and lower sides of the row pipe 11 . A fin connection. The first fins on the upper and lower sides of the row tube 11 separate the phase-change solid matter on the left and right sides of the row tube 11 into a semi-circular cylindrical shape, and the second fins face the semi-circular column along the axis direction of the row tube 11. truncation of the phase-change solid matter.

Further, a plurality of second fins are arranged at intervals along the axis of the tube 11 . Through the cooperation of the plurality of second fins, not only the heat exchange area can be increased, but also the semi-circular cylindrical phase-change solid substance can be cut into a plurality of short semi-circular cylindrical shapes.

In this embodiment, the first fins 12 are rectangular. Further, the length of the rectangle is equal to the length of the tube 11 . Of course, in other embodiments, the first fins 12 can be not only rectangular, but also other shapes such as trapezoids, which are not limited herein.

In this embodiment, the second fin includes an arc line segment and a straight line segment connected to both ends of the arc line segment, wherein the arc line segment is attached to the outer wall of the row pipe 11 , and the straight line segment is respectively connected with the first and second sides of the row pipe 11 on the upper and lower sides of the row pipe 11 . One fin fit.

Optionally, the thermal conductivity of the row pipe 11 is 5-500 W/(m·K). The thermal conductivity of the exhaust pipe 11 is relatively high, which is beneficial to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger and to speed up the cooling release rate in the cooling release condition.

Optionally, the tube 11 is made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel material. Specifically, in this embodiment, the exhaust pipe 2 is made of stainless steel.

Optionally, the thermal conductivity of the first thermally conductive portion 121 and the third thermally conductive portion 123 is 5-500 W/(m·K). The thermal conductivity of the first heat conduction part 121 and the third heat conduction part 123 is relatively high, which can effectively increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

Optionally, the thermal conductivity of the second thermally conductive portion 122 and the fourth thermally conductive portion 124 is 0.01-0.3 W/(m·K). The thermal conductivity of the second heat conduction part 122 and the fourth heat conduction part 124 is relatively low, which is beneficial to prevent the phase-change solid substances on both sides of the row pipe 11 from crossing the tops of the second heat conduction part 122 and the fourth heat conduction part 124 and connecting into one piece, which plays a role of isolation. , to shorten the time for the phase-change solid matter to detach under de-icing conditions.

Optionally, the first heat conduction part 121 and the third heat conduction part 123 are made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first heat conducting portion 121 and the third heat conducting portion 123 are both made of stainless steel.

Optionally, the second heat conduction part 122 and the fourth heat conduction part 124 are made of plastic or rubber. For example polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. Specifically, in this embodiment, both the second heat conducting portion 122 and the fourth heat conducting portion 124 are made of polyethylene.

Specifically, the second end of the exhaust pipe 11 is provided with an inlet and outlet 15 , through which the refrigerant and the heat transfer agent can enter into the exhaust pipe 1 or be discharged from the exhaust pipe 1 .

Further, at least two groups of heat exchange components are arranged at intervals, and the heat exchanger 1 further includes a connecting pipe 13 and an insulating layer 14, the first ends of the two adjacent rows of pipes 11 are connected through the connecting pipe 13, and the insulating layer 14 wraps the connecting pipe. 13. The thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 14 is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the exhaust pipe 11 . In order to prevent the phase-change solid matter, that is, ice, from forming an annular ice layer at the connecting pipe 13, which is not conducive to rapid shedding, the connecting pipe 13 is wrapped with an insulating layer 14 with low thermal conductivity. In this embodiment, the heat preservation layer 14 is also wrapped on the pipe rack.

Optionally, the plate surfaces of the first fins in the at least two groups of heat exchange assemblies are in the same plane.

Optionally, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 14 is 0.01-0.3 W/(m·K). The thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 14 is relatively low, which is beneficial to prevent the connecting pipe 13 from being wrapped by the phase-change solid substance, and to improve the falling-off speed of the phase-change solid substance.

Optionally, the insulating layer 14 is made of plastic or rubber. For example, foamed polyurethane or foamed polystyrene, etc.

Embodiment 2

As shown in FIG. 4 , this embodiment provides a heat exchanger system, including the heat exchanger 1 provided in the first embodiment, and also includes a switching valve 5 and a low-temperature cold source and a high-temperature heat source 6 , and the low-temperature cold source and the high-temperature heat source 6 pass through The switching valve 5 is communicated with the discharge pipe 11 so as to introduce the refrigerant or heat transfer medium into the discharge pipe 11 . Specifically, in this embodiment, the switching valve 5 is a four-way valve. When the cooling condition is released, the low-temperature cooling source is communicated with the exhaust pipe 11 through the switching of the switching valve 5, so that the carrier refrigerant is introduced into the exhaust pipe 11; in the deicing condition, the switching of the switching valve 5 enables The high temperature heat source is communicated with the exhaust pipe 11 , so that the heat transfer medium is passed into the exhaust pipe 11 .

Embodiment 3

As shown in FIG. 5 , this embodiment provides a heat exchanger system, including the heat exchanger 1 provided in the first embodiment, and also includes a cold storage tank 2, a filter screen 3, a circulation component 4, a switching valve 5, and a low-temperature cold source and High temperature heat source 6. The cold storage tank 2 is filled with water and ice. The filter screen 3 is installed in the upper part of the cold storage tank 2, and is immersed in water. The circulation assembly 4 includes a circulation pipeline 41, a valve 42, a water pump 43 and a water distributor nozzle 44. The inlet 411 of the circulation pipeline 41 is inserted into the water in the cold storage tank 2, and the inlet 411 is located above the filter screen 3. The valve 42 and The water pumps 43 are all installed on the circulation pipeline 41 , and the outlet 412 of the circulation pipeline 41 is communicated with the water distributor nozzle 44 , and the water distributor nozzle 44 is arranged at the lower part of the cold storage tank 2 . The heat exchanger 1 is installed in the cold storage tank 2, and the heat exchanger 1 is located between the filter screen 3 and the spray head 44 of the water distributor. The tubes 11 extend in the horizontal direction, and the first fins are in the vertical plane.

In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, the heat exchanger system provided in this embodiment increases the flow rate of water in the cold storage tank 2 by adding a circulation component 4, wherein the water pump 43 sucks the unfrozen water in the upper part of the cold storage tank 2 from the inlet 411 into the circulation pipe In the route 41, it is pumped to the outlet 412 through the valve 42, and passes through the water distributor nozzle 44, so that the water can evenly impact the surface of the heat exchanger 1, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be greatly improved, and it can also be used in the deicing process. The ice layer can fall off quickly.

It should be pointed out that the structures and working principles of the switching valve 5 and the low-temperature cooling source and the high-temperature heat source 6 in this embodiment are the same as those in the second embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and replacements can be made. These improvements and replacements It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A heat exchanger, characterized in that the heat exchanger (1) comprises: A heat exchange assembly, the heat exchange assembly comprises a tube (11) and a fin (12), the tube (11) can pass a refrigerant or a heat transfer medium, and the fin (12) is arranged on the On the outer wall of the tube (11), the height of the fins (12) extends along the radial direction of the tube (11); The fins (12) include a first fin and a second fin, the plate surface of the first fin is parallel to the axis of the tube (11), and the plate surface of the second fin is parallel to the axis of the tube (11). The axis of the tube (11) is vertical; The first fins include a first heat-conducting portion (121) and a second heat-conducting portion (122) that are sequentially connected to the row tubes (11), and the heat-conducting coefficient of the second heat-conducting portion (122) is smaller than that of the first heat-conducting portion (122). The thermal conductivity of a heat-conducting portion (121) and the thermal conductivity of the row of pipes (11); The second fin includes a third heat conduction part (123) and a fourth heat conduction part (124) connected with the row pipe (11) in sequence, and the thermal conductivity of the fourth heat conduction part (124) is smaller than that of the first heat conduction part (124). The thermal conductivity of the three heat-conducting parts (123) and the thermal conductivity of the row pipes (11). 2 . The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , wherein at least two groups of the heat exchange components are arranged at intervals, and the heat exchanger ( 1 ) further comprises a connecting pipe ( 13 ) and an insulating layer ( 14 ), 3 . The first ends of the two adjacent pipes (11) are communicated through the connecting pipe (13), the insulating layer (14) wraps the connecting pipe (13), and the insulating layer (14) is The thermal conductivity is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the row of pipes (11). 3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first fins are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the row tubes (11), and the second fins are symmetrically arranged on the row the left and right sides of the tube (11), and the second fins are connected with the first fins on the upper and lower sides of the tube (11). 4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the second fins are arranged at intervals along the axis of the row of tubes (11). 5. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, the thermal conductivity of the pipes (11) is 5-500W/(m·K); and/or The thermal conductivity of the first heat conduction part (121) and the third heat conduction part (123) is 5-500W/(m·K); and/or The thermal conductivity of the second heat conduction part (122) and the fourth heat conduction part (124) is 0.01-0.3 W/(m·K). 6. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pipes (11) are made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel; and/or The first heat conducting part (121) is made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel; and/or The third heat conducting portion (123) is made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel; and/or The second heat conducting portion (122) is made of plastic or rubber; and/or The fourth heat conducting part (124) is made of plastic or rubber. 7. The heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer (14) is 0.01-0.3 W/(m·K). 8. The heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the thermal insulation layer (14) is made of plastic or rubber. 9. A heat exchanger system, characterized by comprising the heat exchanger (1) according to any one of claims 1-8. 10. The heat exchanger system according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises a switching valve (5) and a low temperature cold source and a high temperature heat source (6), the low temperature cold source and the high temperature heat source (6) passing through the The switching valve (5) is connected with the row pipe (11), so as to introduce the refrigerant or heat carrier into the row pipe (11).

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