CN112072432A - Copper flexible connection structure, lithium ion battery cathode copper tab structure and preparation method - Google Patents
Copper flexible connection structure, lithium ion battery cathode copper tab structure and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
- H01R11/01—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts characterised by the form or arrangement of the conductive interconnection between the connecting locations
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- H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
- H01R11/03—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts characterised by the relationship between the connecting locations
- H01R11/09—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts characterised by the relationship between the connecting locations the connecting locations being identical
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- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/02—Soldered or welded connections
- H01R4/029—Welded connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing contact members, e.g. by punching and by bending
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/20—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for assembling or disassembling contact members with insulating base, case or sleeve
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of nonferrous metals, in particular to a copper flexible connection structure, a lithium ion battery cathode copper lug structure and a preparation method. According to the preparation method for manufacturing the copper flexible connection structure by using the low-hardness copper material, the low-hardness copper material with the Vickers hardness of less than 50Hv, the number of crystal domains in each square centimeter area of less than 20 and the maximum crystal domain length range of 5-100mm is stacked and then welded at two ends, so that a plurality of low-hardness copper materials are connected into a whole, and through holes penetrating through the low-hardness copper materials are formed at two ends of the whole; bending the integral piece; the flexible copper connection structure is manufactured by sleeving the bending area with the insulating sleeve, so that the bending resistance of the flexible copper connection structure is improved. The lithium ion battery cathode copper lug is prepared by adopting a low-hardness copper material, so that the bending resistance and the ultrasonic welding quality of the lithium ion battery cathode copper lug can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of nonferrous metals, in particular to a copper flexible connection structure, a lithium ion battery cathode copper lug structure and a preparation method.
Background
Pure copper is a soft metal with good ductility and high thermal and electrical conductivity, and is therefore the most commonly used material for power, cables and electrical and electronic components. Copper bar conductor connection is in the electric power industry, especially uses extensively in the aspect of the flexible coupling of high strength heavy current, and the branch is connected with copper flexible coupling and hard connection to common copper bar. The hard connection can not effectively absorb assembly errors caused by the machining precision of products, and the hidden troubles of faults such as overlarge installation stress, deformation or overlarge temperature rise of lap joint points exist. The flexible connection has great advantages in the aspect of earthquake resistance due to good flexibility, is mainly applied to equipment with complex structure and limited space, can extend or contract within a certain range through the flexible connection area to absorb assembly errors caused by product processing precision, ensures that copper bars on a circuit board are fixed stably and reliably, and reduces the number of connecting elements, cost and fault hidden danger.
The copper flexible connection is mainly applied to industries such as electrolytic aluminum plants, nonferrous metals, graphite carbon, chemical metallurgy and the like. The connecting device is also used for connecting a generator set of an electric locomotive, a large transformer and a rectifier cabinet, and between the rectifier cabinet and an isolating knife switch and between busbars; especially in new energy automobile power battery module field, in order to increase the continuation of the journey mileage, new energy electric automobile needs a large amount of lithium cell module series connection stack to form, and every module all is formed by the combination of a plurality of battery case, and its space row distributes very complicacy. In order to adapt to different battery module working environments, the copper flexible connection is used as a flexible conductive device, and the copper flexible connection is connected and bent according to space to form a flexible buffer joint, so that the problem of the breaking of a switch or a bus caused by short circuit or expansion with heat and contraction with cold can be solved; the assembly angle is not limited, the installation is convenient and flexible, the heat dissipation is fast, and the electric conductivity is good.
The existing intermediate raw material for copper flexible connection is usually made by bending a copper strip with lower hardness so as to improve the bending resistance of the copper strip. According to different production processes, the copper strip can be divided into a rolled copper strip and an electrolytic copper strip. Because the flaky crystalline structure and hardness of the rolled copper strip are low (the Vickers hardness is 50-100Hv), the rolled copper strip has excellent performances of bending resistance, elongation and the like, and can better meet the requirements of bending resistance and the like of copper flexible connection, the rolled copper strip is almost adopted by the existing copper strip for flexible connection; however, the rolling process limits the width of the rolled copper strip, so the rolled copper strip is expensive, and the thinner the rolled copper strip is, the more times of rolling are needed, the greater the technical difficulty is, and the higher the processing cost is. The traditional electrolytic copper strip belongs to columnar crystal, has higher hardness, is inferior to a rolled copper strip in the performance aspects of bending resistance, elongation and the like, so that the thinner electrolytic copper strip cannot meet the requirements of bending resistance and the like of copper flexible connection even though the thinner electrolytic copper strip has the cost advantage.
The negative electrode copper tab is a metal conductor which is led out from the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the lithium battery cell, particularly a contact point and internal connection of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power soft package battery during charging and discharging, the performance and the quality of the copper tab directly influence the charging and discharging efficiency, the heat dissipation and the like of the battery, and indirectly relate to the operation safety of equipment such as a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a new energy automobile and the like. With the high-speed development of new energy automobiles and energy storage systems, the market demand of negative copper tabs of power lithium batteries is continuously expanded; the literature reports that the higher the hardness of the negative electrode copper tab is, the higher the power required by ultrasonic welding is, so that the welding strength between the tab copper and the negative electrode plate is weakened, the service life of the battery is shortened, and even potential safety hazards are brought. In addition, the copper tab may involve multiple bending (for example, 90 ° back and forth bending test) during the process of assembling the battery, and due to the limitation of the conventional copper rolling and annealing process, the bending resistance level of the copper tab in the industry is currently more common around 3-7 times.
In summary, the lowest Vickers hardness of the copper material of the existing copper flexible connection and copper tab can only reach 50Hv-75Hv, the copper strip with the hardness index can only adopt the process of rolling the copper strip with high cost and difficult process, and the bending resistance is required to be further improved. With the continuous upgrading of technology and products, the problem to be solved is urgently needed how to reduce the Vickers hardness of the copper strip and further improve the copper flexible connection and the bending resistance of the copper lug.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a copper flexible connection structure, a lithium ion battery negative electrode copper lug structure and a preparation method, and aims to improve the bending resistance of copper flexible connection and a copper lug and improve the ultrasonic welding quality of the copper lug.
The application is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a copper flexible connection structure from a low-hardness copper material, including:
after a plurality of low-hardness copper materials are stacked, welding two ends of the stacked low-hardness copper materials to enable the low-hardness copper materials to be connected into an integral piece, and arranging through holes penetrating through the low-hardness copper materials at two ends of the integral piece; bending the integral piece; sleeving an insulating sleeve in the bending area;
wherein the Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv;
the number of crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum crystal domain length range is 5-100 mm.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the low-hardness copper material has at least one of the lattice orientations of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211), and Cu (100).
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the low-hardness copper material is 0.01-3.5mm, preferably 0.02-0.1 mm; and/or the vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material after being bent n times at 90 ° is <50HV, wherein n is 3 to 10 times.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the low-hardness copper material is obtained by annealing raw material copper in the presence of inert gas; wherein the annealing temperature is 800-; the number of crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the raw material copper is more than 100.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the raw copper is copper or a copper alloy having a copper content of 99.96 wt% or more, preferably one or more of electrolytic copper, rolled copper foil, oxygen-free copper tape, copper plate, and more preferably polycrystalline electrolytic copper.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, surface treatments are applied to both ends of the monolithic member, and the surface treatments include any one of electroplating tin and nickel plating processes.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a copper soft connection structure, comprising:
a plurality of stacked low-hardness copper materials; two ends of a plurality of low-hardness copper materials are welded together, so that the plurality of low-hardness copper materials are connected into a whole;
the integral piece is provided with a bent part, and the bent part is provided with an insulating sleeve;
through holes penetrating through a plurality of low-hardness copper materials are formed in two ends of the integral piece;
wherein the Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv;
the number of crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum crystal domain length range is 5-100 mm.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a negative electrode copper tab structure of a lithium ion battery, including:
coating a negative electrode material on a negative electrode plate, and welding a negative electrode tab on the negative electrode plate;
the negative pole tab is made of a low-hardness copper material; the Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv;
the number of copper crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum length range of the copper crystal domains is 5-100 mm;
optionally, the low-hardness copper material has at least one of a lattice orientation of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211), Cu (100).
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a lithium ion battery negative electrode copper tab structure, comprising: the cathode comprises a cathode material, a cathode pole piece and a cathode lug;
the negative pole tab is welded on the negative pole tab; the negative pole tab is made of a low-hardness copper material; the Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv;
the number of copper crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum length range of the copper crystal domains is 5-100 mm;
optionally, the low-hardness copper material has at least one of a lattice orientation of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211), Cu (100).
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, an oxidation prevention layer is disposed on the surface of the negative electrode tab; the anti-oxidation layer is prepared by adopting an electroplating nickel or chemical nickel deposition process.
Compared with the prior art, the low-hardness copper material provided by the preferred embodiment of the application and the preparation method and application thereof have the beneficial effects that:
according to the copper flexible connection structure, the lithium ion battery cathode copper lug structure and the preparation method, after low-hardness copper materials with Vickers hardness of less than 50Hv, crystal domains in each square centimeter area of less than 20 and the maximum crystal domain length range of 5-100mm are stacked, welding is carried out at two ends, so that a plurality of low-hardness copper materials are connected into a whole, and through holes penetrating through the low-hardness copper materials are formed at two ends of the whole; bending the integral piece; the flexible copper connection structure is manufactured by sleeving the bending area with the insulating sleeve, so that the bending resistance of the flexible copper connection structure is improved. The lithium ion battery cathode copper lug is prepared by adopting a low-hardness copper material, so that the bending resistance and the ultrasonic welding quality of the lithium ion battery cathode copper lug can be greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing stacking of a plurality of low-hardness copper materials;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a copper flexible connection structure provided in an embodiment of the present application, which is a schematic structural view of a plurality of stacked low-hardness copper materials in fig. 1 after being welded and subjected to hole opening;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a copper flexible connection structure provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the copper flexible connection structure in fig. 2 is subjected to a bending manner and is provided with an insulating sleeve;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a copper flexible connection structure provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the schematic structural diagram of the copper flexible connection structure in fig. 2 after another bending manner is performed;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a viewing angle of a copper flexible connection structure subjected to surface treatment according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another view angle of the copper flexible connection structure provided in the embodiment of the present application after being subjected to surface treatment;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a viewing angle of a negative electrode copper tab structure of a lithium ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another view angle of a negative electrode copper tab structure of a lithium ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: 100-copper flexible connection structure; 110-low hardness copper material; 120-bending part; 130-an insulating sleeve; 140-a through hole; 150-a surface treatment layer; 200-a lithium ion battery cathode copper tab structure; 210-a negative electrode material; 220-negative pole piece; 230-a negative electrode tab; and 240-an oxidation prevention layer and a tab welding area.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
The lowest Vickers hardness of the copper material of the existing copper flexible connection and copper tab can only reach 50Hv-75Hv, the copper strip with the hardness index can only adopt the process of rolling the copper strip with high cost and difficult process, and the bending resistance can be further improved. With the continuous upgrading of technology and products, the problem to be solved is urgently needed how to reduce the Vickers hardness of the copper strip and further improve the copper flexible connection and the bending resistance of the copper lug.
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a preparation method for manufacturing a copper flexible connection structure by using a low-hardness copper material.
Refer to fig. 1 to 4. The method comprises the following steps:
after a plurality of low-hardness copper materials 110 are stacked, welding two ends of the stacked low-hardness copper materials 110 to form an integral piece, wherein through holes penetrating through the low-hardness copper materials 110 are formed in two ends of the integral piece; bending the integral piece; the insulating sleeve 130 is fitted over the bent portion region (bent portion 120).
The copper flexible connection structure 100 manufactured by the method greatly improves the bending resistance.
Further, surface treatment is performed at both ends of the monolith, resulting in the surface treatment layer 150.
Further, the surface treatment includes any one of electrolytic tinning and nickel plating processes.
Further, the vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material 110 is less than 50 Hv;
furthermore, the number of crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material 110 is less than 20, and the maximum crystal domain length range is 5-100 mm.
In the research process of the inventor, the grain size in the copper strip is a main factor influencing the mechanical property of a polycrystalline copper material of raw material copper (namely, the grain size of the copper is more than micron), and as the grain size is increased, the intercrystalline structure (namely, grain boundary and trigeminal grain boundary) existing in the microstructure of the material is correspondingly reduced. According to the Hall-Petch formula, the strength of the metal material is continuously reduced along with the increase of crystal grains. The physical basis for this equation is that as the grain size increases, the number of grain boundaries decreases, thereby reducing the resistance to dislocation movement through the grain boundaries. The reduction in the number of grain boundaries also reduces stress due to dislocation accumulation, and therefore, the hardness of metals having a large grain structure is generally low.
Based on the method, the low-hardness copper material 110 with the crystal domain number of less than 20 and the maximum crystal domain length range of 5-100mm and the large grain size in each square centimeter area can be obtained through a special treatment process, the hardness of the low-hardness copper material 110 is smaller than that of the copper material subjected to general annealing treatment, and the low-hardness copper material has good performance in preparing copper flexible connection and electrode lugs.
Further, the vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material 110 is preferably 20 to 45Hv, and more preferably 25 to 40 Hv.
As an example, the low-hardness copper material 110 of the present application may have at least one lattice orientation of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211), Cu (100), or the like.
The thickness of the copper material or the copper strip can influence the hardness after recrystallization, and the thinner the copper strip is, the lower the hardness of the treated copper strip is, and the copper strip is more suitable for copper flexible connection. As an example, the thickness of the low-hardness copper material 110 of the present application is 0.01 to 3.5mm, preferably 0.02 to 0.1 mm.
Further, the vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material 110 is still less than 50HV after the low-hardness copper material 110 is bent at 90 ° for 3 to 10 times.
The existing soft copper strip is generally obtained by low-temperature recrystallization annealing process treatment, and the structure of a grain structure can be changed by controlling the recrystallization annealing process, so that the hardness of the copper strip is reduced. However, the existing low-temperature recrystallization annealing temperature is generally 350-600 ℃ for 10-120min, and the Vickers hardness of the obtained soft copper strip can only reach 50-75 Hv. However, the copper tape obtained by the above heat treatment still cannot satisfy the requirement of high-performance copper flexible connection.
In view of the above problems, some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing the low-hardness copper material 110, including: in the presence of inert gas, carrying out annealing treatment on raw material copper to obtain the low-hardness copper material; wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 800-.
The inventor finds in research that when the annealing temperature is increased to over 1000 ℃ during the recrystallization treatment, the hardness of the copper strip is further reduced, and the copper strip with the Vickers hardness of less than 50Hv can be obtained by increasing the annealing temperature, and the hardness is reduced along with the reduction of the thickness of the copper strip. When the copper strip is annealed and recrystallized at the temperature, although the hardness of the copper strip is reduced gradually, the subgrain grains are still merged and grow under the driving of the interfacial energy of the grain boundary, the size of the subgrain grains is still grown, and when the obtained crystal domains are fixed in a certain range (for example, the number of the crystal domains in each square centimeter area is less than 20), the hardness of the copper strip can be further reduced.
Meanwhile, parameters such as annealing treatment heat preservation time, reducing gas and the like also influence the growth and merging process of the sub-grains. As an example, the incubation time of the present application is less than 2 hours, and the inert gas comprises one or more of nitrogen, argon, helium.
The raw material copper can be selected from polycrystalline copper which is common in the field as long as the crystal domain number in each square centimeter area of the raw material copper is more than 100. As an example, the raw material copper of the present application is copper or a copper alloy having a copper content of 99.96 wt% or more, preferably one or more of electrolytic copper, rolled copper foil, oxygen-free copper tape, copper plate, and more preferably polycrystalline electrolytic copper.
In the illustrated embodiment, the method for manufacturing the copper soft connection structure 100 by using the low-hardness copper material 110 includes: a plurality of the low-hardness copper materials 110 described above are stacked, and the two ends of the stack are welded into a block-shaped integral member by any one of ultrasonic welding, polymer diffusion welding or laser welding, holes are drilled at the two ends of the integral member, and then the middle of the integral member is bent, and the insulating sleeve 130 is sleeved on the bent area. And finally, adding surface treatment of electroplating tin or nickel at two ends (welding positions).
Referring to fig. 2-6, another aspect of the present application also provides a copper flexible connection structure 100. The copper flexible connection structure 100 can be manufactured by using the method for manufacturing a copper flexible connection structure using a low-hardness copper material according to any one of the embodiments.
Further, the copper flexible connection structure 100 includes: a plurality of stacked sheets of low-hardness copper material 110; the ends of the plurality of low-hardness copper materials 110 are welded together so that the plurality of low-hardness copper materials 110 are connected into a single piece.
Further, the integral piece has a bent portion 120, and the bent portion 120 is provided with an insulating sleeve 130.
Further, both ends of the integrated member are provided with through holes 140 penetrating through the plurality of low-hardness copper materials 110;
wherein the vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material 110 is less than 50 Hv.
Furthermore, the number of crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hard copper degree material is less than 20, and the maximum crystal domain length range is 5-100 mm.
As an example, the through hole 140 is opened at the welding place.
It should be noted that the bent portion 120 may be bent into a substantially arc shape (as shown in fig. 4); or bent to a right angle (as shown in fig. 3); or bent into other irregular shapes according to actual conditions.
Further, the copper flexible connection structure 100 has surface treatment layers 150 at both ends.
Further, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the surface treatment layer 150 treatment includes any one of an electrolytic tin plating process and a nickel plating process.
Another aspect of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a negative electrode copper tab structure of a lithium ion battery, including:
coating a negative electrode material on a negative electrode plate, and welding a negative electrode tab on the negative electrode plate;
wherein, the negative pole tab is made of a low-hardness copper material.
Further, the low-hardness copper material is the low-hardness copper material provided in any one of the above embodiments.
Further, the vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv; the number of copper crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum length range of the copper crystal domains is 5-100 mm.
Further, the low-hardness copper material has at least one of the lattice orientations of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211) and Cu (100).
Referring to fig. 7 to 8, another aspect of the present application further provides a negative electrode copper tab structure 200 of a lithium ion battery, including: negative electrode material 210, negative electrode tab 220, and negative electrode tab 230. The lithium ion battery negative electrode copper tab structure 200 can be prepared by the preparation method of the lithium ion battery negative electrode copper tab structure provided by the embodiment.
Further, a negative tab 230 is welded on the negative pole piece 220; the negative electrode tab 230 is made of the copper soft joint structure 100 provided in the foregoing embodiment.
Further, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the negative electrode tab 230 is welded to the negative electrode tab 220 by a welding method such as ultrasonic welding. The negative pole tab is made of a low-hardness copper material. The Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv; the number of copper crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum length range of the copper crystal domains is 5-100 mm; the low-hardness copper material has at least one crystal lattice orientation of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211) and Cu (100).
Further, an anti-oxidation layer and a tab welding area 240 are arranged on the surface of the negative tab 230; the anti-oxidation layer is prepared by adopting an electroplating nickel or chemical nickel deposition process.
The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The operations and treatments referred to in this application are conventional in the art, unless otherwise indicated.
The apparatus used in this application is conventional in the art, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Providing a copper flexible connection structure, which is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) and taking the electrolytic copper foil as a raw material, and annealing the electrolytic copper foil under the condition of nitrogen, wherein the annealing temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1h, so that the low-hardness copper material is obtained. The copper content in the low-hardness copper material is more than 99.96 wt%, the copper crystal domains are large crystal domains, the number of the crystal domains in each square centimeter area is less than 20, and the maximum crystal domain length range is 80 mm; each domain has one of the lattice orientations of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211), and Cu (100). The Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is 20Hv, and the thickness is 0.01 mm; after 3-7 times of bending at 90 degrees, the Vickers hardness is 39 HV.
(2) After the 5 pieces of low-hardness copper materials prepared in the step (1) are stacked, welding two ends of the 5 pieces of low-hardness copper materials to enable a plurality of low-hardness copper materials to be connected into an integral piece, and arranging through holes penetrating through the plurality of low-hardness copper materials at two ends of the integral piece; bending the integral piece; an insulating sleeve is sleeved in the bending area. And carrying out electrotinning treatment on two ends of the integral piece. And manufacturing the copper flexible connection structure.
The bending resistance of the copper flexible connection structure obtained in example 1 was examined.
Example 2
There is provided a copper flexible connection structure, which is produced by substantially the same steps as in example 1 except that: the Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is 40Hv, and the thickness is 0.01 mm; after 3-7 times of bending at 90 degrees, the Vickers hardness is 50 HV.
Comparative example 1
The preparation steps of the copper soft connection structure are the same as those of the embodiment 1. Except that oxygen-free copper was used instead of the low-hardness copper material of example 1.
The bending resistance of the copper flexible connection structures obtained in examples 1 and 2 was measured (both expressed as the hardness of a single low-hardness copper material or oxygen-free copper and the bending resistance measurement results), and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, the hardness of the copper flexible connection structures of examples 1 and 2 is significantly lower than that of the copper flexible connection structure of comparative example 1, and the copper flexible connection structures belong to low-hardness copper flexible connection structures, so that the bending resistance is better, and the average bending resistance of 90 degrees can reach more than 10 times; in contrast, comparative example 1 should be significantly higher than examples 1 and 2, and the average number of 90 ° bending resistances can only reach 7.
Example 3
The negative electrode copper tab structure of the lithium ion battery is characterized in that the low-hardness copper material prepared in the step (1) in the embodiment 1 is adopted, and the surface of the low-hardness copper material is subjected to nickel electroplating treatment (with the Ni thickness of 1-2um), so that the negative electrode tab is obtained.
And ultrasonically welding the negative pole tab and the negative pole piece together to obtain the negative copper tab structure of the lithium ion battery.
Comparative example 2
The same preparation steps as those in example 3 are provided with a lithium ion battery negative electrode copper tab structure, except that C1020 oxygen-free copper is used to replace a low-hardness copper material.
The lithium ion battery negative electrode copper tab structures prepared in example 3 and comparative example 2 were tested for welding strength and maximum peel force with a tensile tester, and the test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Cu purity of copper tab | Hardness of copper tab | Maximum peel force of welding | |
| Example 3 | ＞99.99％ | 39HV | ＞18.5N |
| Comparative example 1 | ＞99.96％ | ＞60HV | ＞15N |
As can be seen from the above table, each performance of the lithium ion battery negative electrode copper tab structure copper tab prepared in example 3 of the present application is superior to that of comparative example 1, and particularly, the lithium ion battery negative electrode copper tab structure copper tab has excellent ultrasonic welding quality.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method for manufacturing a copper flexible connection structure by using a low-hardness copper material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
after a plurality of low-hardness copper materials are stacked, welding two ends of the stacked low-hardness copper materials to enable the low-hardness copper materials to be connected into an integral piece, and arranging through holes penetrating through the low-hardness copper materials at two ends of the integral piece; bending the integral piece; sleeving an insulating sleeve in the bending area;
wherein the Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv;
the number of copper crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum length range of the copper crystal domains is 5-100 mm.
2. The method for preparing a copper soft connection structure from a low-hardness copper material according to claim 1, wherein the low-hardness copper material has at least one lattice orientation of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211) and Cu (100).
3. The method for preparing the copper soft connection structure by using the low-hardness copper material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the low-hardness copper material is 0.01-3.5mm, preferably 0.02-0.1 mm; and/or the vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material after being bent at 90 ° n times is <50HV, wherein n is 3 to 10 times.
4. The method for preparing the copper soft connection structure by using the low-hardness copper material according to claim 1 or 2,
the low-hardness copper material is obtained by annealing raw material copper in the presence of inert gas; wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 800-.
5. The method for preparing the copper flexible connection structure by using the low-hardness copper material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the raw material copper is copper or copper alloy with a copper content of more than 99.96 wt%, preferably one or more of electrolytic copper, rolled copper foil, oxygen-free copper strip and copper plate, and more preferably polycrystalline electrolytic copper.
6. The method for preparing the copper soft connecting structure by using the copper material with low hardness as claimed in claim 1,
and carrying out surface treatment on two ends of the integral piece, wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of electrotinning and nickel plating processes.
7. A copper flexible connection structure, comprising:
a plurality of stacked low-hardness copper materials; two ends of the low-hardness copper materials are welded together, so that the low-hardness copper materials are connected into a whole;
the integral piece is provided with a bent part, and the bent part is provided with an insulating sleeve;
through holes penetrating through the plurality of low-hardness copper materials are formed in two ends of the integral piece;
wherein the Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv;
the number of crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum crystal domain length range is 5-100 mm.
8. A preparation method of a lithium ion battery cathode copper tab structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
coating a negative electrode material on a negative electrode plate, and welding a negative electrode tab on the negative electrode plate;
the negative pole tab is made of a low-hardness copper material; the Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv;
the number of copper crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum length range of the copper crystal domains is 5-100 mm;
optionally, the low-hardness copper material has at least one of a lattice orientation of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211), Cu (100).
9. The utility model provides a lithium ion battery negative pole copper tab structure which characterized in that includes: the cathode comprises a cathode material, a cathode pole piece and a cathode lug;
the negative pole tab is welded on the negative pole tab; the negative pole tab is made of a low-hardness copper material; the Vickers hardness of the low-hardness copper material is less than 50 Hv;
the number of copper crystal domains in each square centimeter area of the low-hardness copper material is less than 20, and the maximum length range of the copper crystal domains is 5-100 mm;
optionally, the low-hardness copper material has at least one of a lattice orientation of Cu (111), Cu (110), Cu (211), Cu (100).
10. The lithium ion battery negative electrode copper tab structure of claim 9,
an anti-oxidation layer is arranged on the surface of the negative pole tab; the anti-oxidation layer is prepared by adopting an electroplating nickel or chemical nickel deposition process.
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