CN112051600A - Channel multiplexing circuit and imaging system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a channel multiplexing circuit and an imaging system, the channel multiplexing circuit is used for acquiring an imaging signal generated by a detector array of the imaging system, and the channel multiplexing circuit comprises: the resistance network is provided with at least one signal acquisition node, and each signal acquisition node is connected with one detector in the detector array and is used for acquiring an imaging signal generated by the corresponding detector; the correction network comprises at least one correction unit, each correction unit is connected with one detector in the detector array and used for correcting distortion errors of imaging signals generated by the corresponding detector so as to enable the signal acquisition nodes to acquire the corrected imaging signals, wherein the distortion errors are errors caused by a capacitance-resistance circuit formed between the detector and the resistance network.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a channel multiplexing circuit and an imaging system.
Background
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a novel imaging technique capable of displaying biomolecular metabolism, receptor and nerve mediator activities in vivo, and is widely used in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various diseases, disease judgment, efficacy evaluation, organ function research, new drug development and the like. In PET imaging, a positron emitted during decay of a substance encounters an electron and produces a pair of photons that are detected by a detector array to generate an imaging signal for imaging. In the related art, a channel multiplexing circuit for acquiring an imaging signal may cause a measurement error, which affects imaging quality.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the problems in the related art, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a channel multiplexing circuit and an imaging system, which are used to solve the drawbacks in the related art.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a channel multiplexing circuit for acquiring imaging signals generated by a detector array of an imaging system, comprising:
the resistance network is provided with at least one signal acquisition node, and each signal acquisition node is connected with one detector in the detector array and is used for acquiring an imaging signal generated by the corresponding detector;
the correction network comprises at least one correction unit, each correction unit is connected with one detector in the detector array and used for correcting distortion errors of imaging signals generated by the corresponding detector so as to enable the signal acquisition nodes to acquire the corrected imaging signals, wherein the distortion errors are errors caused by a capacitance-resistance circuit formed between the detector and the resistance network.
In one embodiment, the detector has a cathode and an anode, the correction unit includes a bias resistor, an isolation capacitor and a cancellation amplifier, the anode of the detector is respectively connected to the signal collection node and the non-inverting input terminal of the cancellation amplifier, the cathode of the detector is respectively connected to one end of the bias resistor and one end of the isolation capacitor, the other end of the bias resistor is connected to the bias voltage, and the other end of the isolation capacitor is respectively connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the cancellation amplifier;
wherein the cancellation amplifier is used for canceling the potential difference of the cathode and the anode of the detector.
In one embodiment, the resistor network is a network structure formed by at least one first resistor branch and two second resistor branches, wherein the first resistor branch includes at least two resistors connected in sequence, the second resistor branch includes at least two resistors connected in sequence, a signal acquisition node is formed between two adjacent resistors of the first resistor branch, one end of the first resistor branch and one of the second resistor branches form one connection point, and the other end of the first resistor branch and the other of the second resistor branches form another connection point.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises at least four signal acquisition modules, wherein each signal acquisition module is connected with one of the connection points and is used for acquiring the imaging signals acquired by each signal acquisition node through the connection point.
In one embodiment, the signal acquisition module comprises an integrator and an analog-to-digital converter connected to each other, wherein the integrator is connected to the corresponding connection point.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a time signal summing module and a timing trigger module which are connected in sequence, wherein the time signal summing module is connected with at least four connecting points;
the timing trigger module is used for outputting a time signal according to a summation result of the time signal summation module.
In one embodiment, the correction unit further comprises a summing resistor connected to the inverting input of the cancellation amplifier and the output of the cancellation amplifier, respectively.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a time summation module and a timing trigger module which are connected in sequence, wherein the time summation module is connected with the summation resistor of each correction unit;
the time signal summation module is used for carrying out time summation on the imaging signals acquired by the correction units, and the timing trigger module is used for outputting time signals according to the summation result of the time signal summation module.
In one embodiment, the timing trigger device further comprises an energy summation module and a judgment module which are sequentially connected, wherein the energy summation module is connected with each signal acquisition module, and the judgment module is connected with the timing trigger module;
the energy summing module is used for summing the energy of the imaging signals acquired by the at least four signal acquisition modules, the judging module is used for comparing the summing result of the energy summing module with a preset energy threshold value, and the timing triggering module is used for outputting a time signal according to the summing result of the time signal summing module and the comparing result of the judging module.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an imaging system comprising the channel multiplexing circuit of any one of the first aspects.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have the following beneficial effects:
the distortion error of the imaging signal of one detector is corrected by setting a resistance network with at least one signal acquisition node and then correspondingly acquiring the imaging signal of one detector by using each signal acquisition node, and by setting a correction network with at least one correction unit and then correspondingly correcting the distortion error of the imaging signal of one detector by using each correction unit. The imaging signal that can make the signal acquisition node gather through the correction, the distortion error that capacitor resistance circuit that has just also rectified between detector and the resistance network arouses, and then the imaging signal that channel multiplexing circuit gathered through detector array production is through the correction, has consequently avoided arousing measuring error, has improved imaging quality.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating true positions of individual detectors of a detector array according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating distorted positions of individual detectors of a detector array according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a channel multiplexing circuit shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a channel multiplexing circuit according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a channel multiplexing circuit configuration shown in yet another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a channel multiplexing circuit according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a novel imaging technique capable of displaying biomolecular metabolism, receptor and nerve mediator activities in vivo, and is widely used in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various diseases, disease judgment, efficacy evaluation, organ function research, new drug development and the like. In PET imaging, a positron emitted during decay of a substance encounters an electron and produces a pair of photons that are detected by a detector array to generate an imaging signal for imaging. In the related art, a channel multiplexing circuit for acquiring an imaging signal may cause a measurement error, which affects imaging quality.
Specifically, the detector can be equivalent to a form that a current source is connected in parallel with a parasitic capacitor, and after the detector is connected with the channel multiplexing circuit, a resistor in the channel multiplexing circuit is connected with the parasitic capacitor to form a capacitance-resistor circuit, so that a current pulse generated by the current source of the detector is influenced by an RC time constant. Therefore, if the duration of the current pulse is not long enough compared to the RC time constant, the amplitude of the current pulse picked up by the channel multiplexing circuit is distorted and becomes smaller than the original peak.
Moreover, the resistivities of all positions of the channel multiplexing circuit are different, so that the RC time constants of different detectors are different, and the amplitude distortion errors of the current pulses generated by all the detectors are not uniform. This results in distortion of the generated positions of the circuit pulses (i.e., the positions of the detectors) determined based on this, see fig. 1 and fig. 2, in which fig. 1 is the true position of each detector and fig. 2 is the distorted position.
In addition, the capacitance-resistance circuit can cause the rising edge and the falling edge of the current pulse generated by the detector to be lengthened, and because the RC time constants of different detectors have differences, the current pulse generated by each detector is lengthened to different degrees, so that the time information determined according to the method can generate larger timing errors.
Based on this, in a first aspect, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a channel multiplexing circuit for acquiring imaging signals generated by a detector array of an imaging system, referring to fig. 3, which illustrates a structure of the channel multiplexing circuit, including:
the resistor network 310 has at least one signal acquisition node 311, and each signal acquisition node 311 is connected to one detector 321 in the detector array 320 (only one pair of detectors 321 is shown in the figure in connection with the signal acquisition node 311), and is configured to acquire an imaging signal generated by the corresponding detector 321.
The resistance network 310 is a mesh structure formed by a plurality of networks, and a plurality of signal acquisition nodes 311 form a node array corresponding to the detector array 320 one by one, and the nodes are connected in sequence. After each signal collection node 311 collects the imaging signal generated by the corresponding detector 321, the imaging signal is sent to at least one signal collection point of the resistor network 310 through the resistor or other signal collection nodes, and the position of the detector generating the imaging signal can be determined according to the signal intensity at each signal collection point.
Referring to fig. 4, in one example, the resistor network 400 has 16 signal collection nodes 401, and is connected to 16 detectors 402 in a one-to-one correspondence, and has A, B, C and D four signal collection points. The coordinates of the signal can be calculated from the currents IA, IB, IC, ID at A, B, C, D, for example, assuming the origin (0,0) is at the center of the array, the currents of two signal collection points B, D are added and then the currents of two signal collection points A, C are subtracted, and then the sum of the currents of four signal collection points A, B, C, D is divided to obtain the abscissa X of the signal; the position coordinates (X, Y) of the signal are obtained by adding the currents of the two signal collection points A, B, subtracting the currents of the two signal collection points C, D, and dividing the sum by the currents of the four signal collection points A, B, C, D to obtain the ordinate Y of the signal. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein A ispeak、Bpeak、CpeakAnd DpeakRespectively, of the four signal collection points A, B, C, D.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the channel multiplexing circuit further includes a correction network 330, where the correction network 330 includes at least one correction unit 331, and each correction unit 331 is connected to one detector 321 in the detector array 320 (only one pair of detectors 321 and the correction unit 321 is shown in the figure), and is configured to correct a distortion error of an imaging signal generated by the corresponding detector 321, so that the signal acquisition node 311 acquires the corrected imaging signal, where the distortion error is an error caused by a capacitance-resistance circuit formed between the detector 321 and the resistance network 310.
The calibration network 330 has a plurality of calibration units 331 corresponding to the plurality of detectors 321 one by one. Each correction unit 331 corrects the corresponding detector independently.
The embodiment of the disclosure is implemented by setting a resistance network with at least one signal acquisition node, then correspondingly acquiring the imaging signal of one detector by using each signal acquisition node, and correspondingly correcting the distortion error of the imaging signal of one detector by using each correction unit by setting a correction network with at least one correction unit. The imaging signal that can make the signal acquisition node gather through the correction, the distortion error that capacitor resistance circuit that has just also rectified between detector and the resistance network arouses, and then the imaging signal that channel multiplexing circuit gathered through detector array production is through the correction, has consequently avoided arousing measuring error, has improved imaging quality.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the channel multiplexing circuit is configured as shown in FIG. 5, which is described in detail belowThe structure of the correction unit of the correction network 502 is described in detail. The detector S has a cathode and an anode, and the correction unit includes a bias resistor RbIsolation capacitor C and cancellation amplifier AfThe anode of the detector S is respectively connected with the signal acquisition node and the cancellation amplifier AfIs connected to the positive input terminal of the detector S, and the cathode of the detector S is connected to the bias resistor R, respectivelybIs connected to one end of the isolation capacitor C, and the bias resistor RbAnd the other end of (b) and said bias voltage VbisaThe other end of the isolation capacitor C is respectively connected with the cancellation amplifier AfThe inverting input end of the input end is connected with the output end; wherein the cancellation amplifier AfFor eliminating the potential difference between the cathode and the anode of the detector.
Wherein, the bias resistor RbA bias high voltage is provided to the sensor S while providing a pulsed voltage drop across the sensor S. Cancellation amplifier AfDeep negative feedback is introduced to make the potential difference on the sensor S zero, so that the impulse response of the pulse current on the parasitic capacitance of the sensor is cancelled. The isolation capacitor C may keep the bias voltage of the sensor S from being pulled low. The correction unit is thus able to correct distortion errors caused by the capacitive-resistive circuit, thereby enabling the resistive network to extract a distortion-free sensor imaging signal (e.g., a current pulse signal).
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the channel multiplexing circuit is configured as shown in fig. 5, and the structure of the resistor network 501 is described in detail below. The resistor network 501 is a network structure formed by at least one first resistor branch and two second resistor branches, wherein the first resistor branch comprises at least two resistors R connected in sequencerThe second resistance branch comprises at least two resistors R connected in sequencecTwo adjacent resistors R of the first resistor branchrA signal acquisition node is formed between the first resistance branch and the second resistance branch, one end of the first resistance branch and one end of the second resistance branch form a connection point, and the other end of the first resistance branch and the other end of the second resistance branch form another connection point.
The first resistance branch may be a row resistance, and the second resistance branch may be a column resistance.
The two second resistance branches are completely the same, two ends of each second resistance branch are grounded, and the adjacent resistor R of each second resistance branch is connected with the groundcA connection point is formed between the first resistance branch and the second resistance branch, and a first resistance branch is connected between the corresponding connection points of the two second resistance branches. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, each first resistive branch has 5 resistors RrEach second resistance branch having 5 resistances RcAnd four first resistance branches are correspondingly arranged between four pairs of connecting points formed by the two second resistance branches.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the resistance network is formed by the resistance branches in two directions, so that a plurality of signal acquisition nodes are formed, and each signal acquisition node can be used for acquiring an imaging signal generated by one detector.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the channel multiplexing circuit further includes at least four signal acquisition modules, where each signal acquisition module is connected to one of the connection points, and is configured to acquire, through the connection point, an imaging signal acquired by each signal acquisition node.
Wherein the signal acquisition module comprises an integrator and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected to each other, wherein the integrator is connected to the corresponding connection point.
With continued reference to fig. 5, in one example, the channel multiplexing circuit includes four signal acquisition modules EA、EB、ECAnd EDWherein, the signal acquisition module EAA signal acquisition module E connected with the first connection point A of the second resistor branch circuit for acquiring the imaging signals acquired by the signal acquisition points from the point ABA signal acquisition module E connected with the first connection point B of the second resistor branch circuit for acquiring the imaging signals acquired by the signal acquisition points from the point BCA signal acquisition module E connected with the first connection point C of the second resistor branch for acquiring the imaging signals acquired by the signal acquisition points from the point CDIs connected to the first connection point D of the second resistive branch,and the imaging signals acquired by the signal acquisition points are acquired from the D point. The charge quantity can be acquired by the four signal acquisition modules, and the position coordinate of the detector generating the imaging signal is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein Q isA、QB、QCAnd QDRespectively a signal acquisition module EA、EB、EC、EDAmount of charge collected, Q∑Is QA、QB、QCAnd QDThe sum of (1).
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the channel multiplexing circuit is configured as shown in fig. 5, and the channel multiplexing circuit further includes a time signal summing module 503 and a timing trigger module 504 connected in sequence, where the time signal summing module 503 is connected to at least four of the connection points; the time signal summing module 503 is configured to perform time summation on the imaging signals acquired through the at least four connection points, and the timing trigger module 504 is configured to output a time signal according to a summation result of the time signal summing module 503.
The summation result of the time signal summation module 503 is a pulse signal, and when the amplitude of the pulse signal exceeds a preset amplitude threshold, the timing trigger module 504 may output a time signal, or send a timing trigger signal. The timing trigger signal is sent to a time-to-digital converter 505(TDC) for determining the generation time of the imaging signal.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the structure of the channel multiplexing circuit is as shown in fig. 6, where the channel multiplexing circuit shown in fig. 6 is basically the same as the channel multiplexing circuit shown in fig. 5, except that the structure of the correction network is first embodied, and the structure of the correction unit of the correction network 601 is described in detail as follows: on the basis of the correction unit of the correction network 501, said correction unit further comprises a summing resistor RsSaid summing resistorRsRespectively connected with the cancellation amplifier AfAnd the cancellation amplifier afIs connected with the output end of the power supply.
In addition, the channel multiplexing circuit shown in fig. 6 is different from the channel multiplexing circuit shown in fig. 5 in that a time summing module 603 is further included, specifically, the time signal summing module 603 is connected to a timing trigger module 604, and the time summing module 603 is further connected to a summing resistor R of each of the correction unitssAnd a time signal summing module 603 configured to time-sum the imaging signals acquired by the respective correction units, and a timing trigger module 604 configured to output a time signal according to a summation result of the time signal summing module 603.
The corrected imaging signals are directly acquired through the correction units, distortion of the imaging signals is further avoided, and inaccurate determination time caused by prolonged rising edges is prevented.
The summation result of the time signal summation module 603 is a pulse signal, and when the amplitude of the pulse signal exceeds a preset amplitude threshold, the timing trigger module 604 may output a time signal, or send a timing trigger signal. The timing trigger signal is sent to a time-to-digital converter 605(TDC) for determining the generation time of the imaging signal.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the channel multiplexing circuit has a structure as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, and further includes energy summing modules 506 and 606 and determining modules 507 and 607, which are connected in sequence, where the energy summing modules 506 and 606 are connected to each signal acquisition module, and the determining modules 507 and 607 are connected to the timing trigger modules 504 and 604; the energy summing modules 506 and 606 are configured to sum energy of the imaging signals acquired by the at least four signal acquisition modules, the determining modules 507 and 607 are configured to compare summation results of the energy summing modules 506 and 606 with a preset energy threshold, and the timing triggering modules 504 and 604 are configured to output time signals according to summation results of the time signal summing modules 503 and 603 and comparison results of the determining modules 507 and 607.
When the summation result of the time signal summation modules 503 and 603 meets a preset requirement, the timing trigger modules 504 and 604 obtain the judgment results of the judgment modules 507 and 607, and when the summation result of the energy summation modules 506 and 606 is within a preset energy interval, the timing trigger modules 504 and 604 may output a time signal or send a timing trigger signal. By energy summation and judgment of the summation result, false triggering of abnormal time signals is avoided, and accuracy of output time signals is further improved.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an imaging system comprising the channel multiplexing circuit of any one of the first aspects.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A channel multiplexing circuit for acquiring imaging signals generated by a detector array of an imaging system, comprising:
the resistance network is provided with at least one signal acquisition node, and each signal acquisition node is connected with one detector in the detector array and is used for acquiring an imaging signal generated by the corresponding detector;
the correction network comprises at least one correction unit, each correction unit is connected with one detector in the detector array and used for correcting distortion errors of imaging signals generated by the corresponding detector so as to enable the signal acquisition nodes to acquire the corrected imaging signals, wherein the distortion errors are errors caused by a capacitance-resistance circuit formed between the detector and the resistance network.
2. The channel multiplexing circuit of claim 1, wherein the detector has a cathode and an anode, the correction unit comprises a bias resistor, an isolation capacitor and a cancellation amplifier, the anode of the detector is connected to the signal collecting node and the non-inverting input terminal of the cancellation amplifier, the cathode of the detector is connected to one end of the bias resistor and one end of the isolation capacitor, the other end of the bias resistor is connected to the bias voltage, and the other end of the isolation capacitor is connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the cancellation amplifier;
wherein the cancellation amplifier is used for canceling the potential difference of the cathode and the anode of the detector.
3. The channel multiplexing circuit of claim 2, wherein the resistor network is a network structure formed by at least one first resistor branch and two second resistor branches, wherein the first resistor branch comprises at least two resistors connected in sequence, the second resistor branch comprises at least two resistors connected in sequence, a signal collecting node is formed between two adjacent resistors of the first resistor branch, one end of the first resistor branch forms one connection point with one of the second resistor branches, and the other end of the first resistor branch forms another connection point with another of the second resistor branches.
4. The channel multiplexing circuit of claim 3, further comprising at least four signal acquisition modules, wherein each signal acquisition module is connected to one of the connection points for acquiring the imaging signal acquired by each signal acquisition node through the connection point.
5. The channel multiplexing circuit of claim 4, wherein the signal acquisition module comprises an integrator and an analog-to-digital converter connected to each other, wherein the integrator is connected to the corresponding connection point.
6. The channel multiplexing circuit of claim 4, further comprising a time signal summing module and a timing trigger module connected in sequence, the time signal summing module being connected to at least four of the connection points;
the timing trigger module is used for outputting a time signal according to a summation result of the time signal summation module.
7. The channel multiplexing circuit of claim 4, wherein the correction unit further comprises summing resistors connected to the inverting input terminal of the cancellation amplifier and the output terminal of the cancellation amplifier, respectively.
8. The channel multiplexing circuit of claim 7, further comprising a time signal summing block and a timing trigger block connected in sequence, the time summing block being connected to the summing resistor of each of the correction units,
the time signal summation module is used for carrying out time summation on the imaging signals acquired by the correction units, and the timing trigger module is used for outputting time signals according to the summation result of the time signal summation module.
9. The channel multiplexing circuit of claim 6 or 8, further comprising an energy summing module and a judging module connected in sequence, wherein the energy summing module is connected with each signal acquisition module, and the judging module is connected with the timing triggering module;
the energy summing module is used for summing the energy of the imaging signals acquired by the at least four signal acquisition modules, the judging module is used for comparing the summing result of the energy summing module with a preset energy threshold value, and the timing triggering module is used for outputting a time signal according to the summing result of the time signal summing module and the comparing result of the judging module.
10. An imaging system comprising the channel multiplexing circuit of any of claims 1 to 9.
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