CN112033143A - Waste heat recovery system of vertical electric arc furnace - Google Patents
Waste heat recovery system of vertical electric arc furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112033143A CN112033143A CN201910481568.2A CN201910481568A CN112033143A CN 112033143 A CN112033143 A CN 112033143A CN 201910481568 A CN201910481568 A CN 201910481568A CN 112033143 A CN112033143 A CN 112033143A
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
- F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/12—Working chambers or casings; Supports therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/24—Cooling arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat recovery system of a vertical electric arc furnace, which is characterized in that a tilting platform, a shaft matched special-shaped furnace body for increasing the volume of a molten pool, a water-cooled furnace cover for accelerating cooling, a furnace cover seat frame for increasing the furnace cover, a furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism for stably adjusting the furnace cover, an electrode lifting mechanism for outputting, a short net for changing current, an upright post bracket, a water cooling system, a shaft support, a shaft, a dust removal system and the matching of a pipeline, a material basket and a lifting appliance are arranged, so that the opening and closing time of the furnace cover is reduced by feeding materials from the shaft above the side, waste steel is preheated to a certain temperature, the smelting period can be 40 minutes, and the power consumption can be 330Kwh/t steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric arc furnace equipment, in particular to a waste heat recovery system of a vertical electric arc furnace.
Background
In the last 30 years, the technology of electric arc furnace steelmaking has developed rapidly. In the process aspect, the technology of scrap steel preheating, reinforced oxygen blowing fluxing, foamed slag, secondary combustion, bottom blowing stirring, ladle refining and the like is adopted; in the aspect of equipment, technologies such as improving the input power level of a transformer, reforming a short network for changing current, realizing reasonable electric operation, automatically adjusting an electrode, automatically using a furnace door robot, crushing and sorting scrap steel and the like are adopted; in the aspect of development of novel electric arc furnaces, a plurality of new technologies such as Consteel EAF, ECOARCEAF, Quantum EAF, SHARCEAF and the like also appear, but the smelting period of the existing vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system is long, a 50t common electric arc furnace has the smelting period of about 80 minutes (wherein the furnace cover is screwed off for feeding, namely the furnace cover is closed for consuming 10 minutes), the power consumption is about 460Kwh/t steel, a large amount of time is wasted, and therefore the practicability of electric arc furnace steelmaking reduction is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system, which has the advantages of the vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system and solves the problem of long smelting period of the conventional vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system, includes the platform that fascinates, the left side at platform top that fascinates is provided with the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft that is used for improving the molten bath volume, the top that is used for improving the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft of molten bath volume is provided with and is used for with higher speed refrigerated water-cooled bell, the back that is used for improving the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft of molten bath volume is provided with the bell seat frame that is used for improving the bell, the left side that is used for improving the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft of molten bath volume is provided with the bell promotion rotary mechanism that is used for stably adjusting the bell and promotes rotary mechanism, the left side that is used for stably adjusting the bell promotes rotary mechanism and is provided with the electrode elevating system that is used for the output, the right side that is used, the bottom that is used for the bell of stable regulation bell to promote rotary mechanism is provided with the stand bracket, the bottom that is used for the bell of stable regulation bell to promote rotary mechanism is provided with water cooling system, the bottom that is used for improving the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft of molten bath volume is provided with the shaft support, the top of shaft support is provided with the shaft, the top that is used for improving the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft of molten bath volume is provided with dust pelletizing system and pipeline, the right side that is used for improving the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft of molten bath volume is provided with basket and hoist.
Preferably, the tilting platform comprises a base, a horizontal front support, a horizontal rear support, a tilting oil cylinder and a limiting device.
Preferably, the shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body for increasing the volume of the molten pool comprises a lower furnace shell, an upper furnace shell, a furnace door mechanism, a water-cooling wall hanging, an eccentric cover and an eccentric bottom tapping mechanism.
Preferably, the furnace cover seat frame for improving the furnace cover comprises a hanging beam, an upper platform, a lower platform, a lifting hook and a guide roller.
Preferably, the water cooling system consists of three sets of water tanks which are respectively positioned inside the cooling electric arc furnace body, the cooling conductive cross arm and the cooling vertical shaft.
Preferably, the vertical shaft support comprises a vertical shaft support body, an operation steel platform, a vertical shaft wall water inlet and return frame, a finger hoisting mechanism and each layer of stairs.
Preferably, the dust removal system and the pipeline comprise a shaft wall waste gas pipeline, a water cooling pipeline, a settling chamber, a dust removal pipeline, a condenser, a cloth bag dust removal device, a fan and a chimney.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention reduces the opening and closing time of the furnace cover by arranging the tilting platform, the special-shaped furnace body matched with the vertical shaft for improving the volume of the molten pool, the water-cooled furnace cover for accelerating cooling, the furnace cover seat frame for improving the furnace cover, the furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism for stably adjusting the furnace cover, the electrode lifting mechanism for outputting, the short net for changing the current, the upright post bracket, the water-cooled system, the vertical shaft bracket, the vertical shaft, the dust removal system and the matching of the pipeline, the material basket and the lifting appliance, because the vertical shaft is charged from the side upper part, the smelting period can be 40 minutes by preheating the scrap steel to a certain temperature, the power consumption can be 330KWh/t steel, the ton steel cost of the scrap steel preheating vertical electric arc furnace is reduced by about 25 to 30 percent compared with the common electric arc furnace, thereby shortening the smelting period, saving a large amount of time and solving the problem of long smelting, this vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system possesses vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system's advantage, has saved a large amount of times to the practicality that electric arc furnace steelmaking fell has been improved.
2. The invention can bear the weight of the whole furnace body, the furnace cover, refractory materials and molten steel by arranging a base, a horizontal front and back support, a tilting oil cylinder and a limiting device, supports the whole device, enables the lower furnace shell to be connected with a tilting platform by a pin shaft by arranging a lower furnace shell, an upper furnace shell, a furnace door mechanism, a water-cooling wall hanging, an eccentric cover and an eccentric bottom steel tapping mechanism, improves the smoothness of blanking, enlarges the volume of a molten pool in a vertical shaft feeding area of the lower furnace shell, can reserve more molten steel during steel tapping, is convenient for the next furnace to melt rapidly, enables a seat frame for improving the furnace cover to lift the furnace cover to a certain height to rotate by arranging a hanging beam, an upper platform, a lower platform, a lifting hook and a guide roller, builds an operation platform and a walkway at a main overhaul position by arranging a vertical shaft support body, an operation steel platform, a vertical shaft wall water inlet and return frame, a finger lifting mechanism, each operation platform and walkway pass through the stair up and down, the bottom of the shaft support is connected with the operation platform, the shaft support is provided with connecting plates at each position for connecting the shaft support with the wall of the shaft, the water cooling system is mainly composed of a distribution pipeline, various instruments, valves and the like, plant purified water is introduced into a water cooling area of equipment through the water cooling system, the hot point of the equipment is cooled, the temperature, the flow, the pressure condition and the like of each area of the equipment are detected through various instruments, the water cooling system is a transmission medium and a detection device and is an important part for normal operation of the electric arc furnace, and smoke and heat in the electric arc furnace can be extracted through a shaft wall waste gas pipeline, a water cooling pipeline, a settling chamber, a dust removal pipeline, a condenser, a bag dust removal fan and a chimney.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the tilting platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the tilting platform of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the inside of the special-shaped furnace body of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the special-shaped furnace body of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the basket and the spreader of the present invention.
In the figure: the furnace comprises a tilting platform 1, a shaft matched special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of a molten pool, a water-cooled furnace cover 3 for accelerating cooling, a furnace cover seat frame 4 for increasing the furnace cover, a furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 for stably adjusting the furnace cover, an electrode lifting mechanism 6 for outputting, a short net 7 for changing current, an 8-column bracket, a 9-water cooling system, a 10-shaft support, a 11-shaft, a 12-dust removal system and pipeline, a 13-material basket and a lifting appliance.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a waste heat recovery system of a vertical arc furnace comprises a tilting platform 1, a shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of a molten pool is arranged on the left side of the top of the tilting platform 1, a water-cooled furnace cover 3 for accelerating cooling is arranged on the top of the shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of the molten pool, a furnace cover seat frame 4 for increasing the furnace cover is arranged on the back of the shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of the molten pool, a furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 for stably adjusting the furnace cover is arranged on the left side of the shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of the molten pool, an electrode lifting mechanism 6 for outputting is arranged on the left side of the furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 for stably adjusting the furnace cover, a short net 7 for changing current is arranged on the right side of the electrode lifting mechanism 6 for outputting, the bottom of the furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 for stably adjusting the furnace cover is provided with an upright post bracket 8, the bottom of the furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 for stably adjusting the furnace cover is provided with a water cooling system 9, the bottom of the shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of the molten pool is provided with a shaft support 10, the top of the shaft support 10 is provided with a shaft 11, the top of the shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of the molten pool is provided with a dust removal system and a pipeline 12, and the right side of the shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of the.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the invention adopts a seesaw tilting scheme, compared with the tilting device of the arc-shaped frame electric arc furnace, the tilting process is more stable, the tilting angle can be smaller, the device can control the tilting angle within 5 degrees in practical test, and specifically comprises a tilting platform 1, wherein the tilting platform 1 comprises a base, a horizontal front and back support, a tilting oil cylinder and a limiting device, and the device can bear the weight of the whole furnace body, a furnace cover, refractory materials and molten steel and support the whole device by arranging the base, the horizontal front and back support, the tilting oil cylinder and the limiting device.
The working process of the tilting platform 1 is as follows: when the furnace body is normally smelted, the furnace body is in a horizontal state, the main support rods of the two support mechanisms are connected with the support seat, when the furnace body is required to be inclined to tap steel, the main support rods are driven by the driving oil cylinders to rotate, the corresponding secondary support rods are erected, then the front support oil cylinder extends, the rear support oil cylinder is shortened, the furnace body is inclined, and the inclined furnace body is still supported by the secondary support rods of the support mechanisms. The two groups of tilting oil cylinders are respectively a front oil cylinder and a rear oil cylinder, the front oil cylinder is rotatably arranged between the oil cylinder frame and the bottom pin shaft hole, and the rear oil cylinder is rotatably arranged between the oil cylinder frame and the bottom pin shaft hole.
Meanwhile, the top of the tilting platform 1 is provided with a plurality of top pin shaft holes and an open slot for fixing the furnace body, the bottom of the tilting platform is provided with a plurality of supporting seats connected with the supporting mechanism, and the lower surface of the tilting platform is provided with a plurality of grooves. The supporting mechanism serves as safety guarantee equipment and is used for preventing accidents from occurring when the oil cylinder fails and meanwhile supporting the furnace body more stably.
Specifically, a shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of a molten pool is arranged on the left side of the top of the tilting platform 1, and the shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of the molten pool is arranged, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the special-shaped furnace body 2 comprises a lower furnace shell, an upper furnace shell, a furnace door mechanism, a water-cooling wall hanging, an eccentric cover and an eccentric bottom steel tapping mechanism, the lower furnace shell is connected with the tilting platform 1 through a pin shaft by arranging the lower furnace shell, the upper furnace shell, the furnace door mechanism, the water-cooling wall hanging, the eccentric cover and the eccentric bottom steel tapping mechanism, the blanking smoothness is improved, the molten pool volume of a feeding area of the lower furnace shell and the shaft is enlarged, more molten steel can be reserved during steel tapping, and the.
It should be noted that the special-shaped furnace body 2 enlarges the preheating area adjacent to the vertical shaft, the preheated scrap steel can directly fall into the furnace body from the vertical shaft, and compared with the existing duck egg type furnace, the furnace has the advantages that the volume is increased by about 1/5, and the molten steel bearing capacity is increased by about 1/5. The upper furnace shell consists of a seamless steel pipe frame and a water-cooling wall hanging arranged on the seamless steel pipe frame, and a furnace door mechanism and a furnace wall oxygen lance are arranged on one side of the upper furnace shell. In this embodiment, the upper furnace shell is a frame welded by large seamless steel pipes according to the shape of the lower furnace shell, and then a water-cooling wall is arranged in the frame according to a proper size and position, and the water-cooling wall is a tightly arranged hollow coil pipe which is communicated with a water-cooling loop.
The left side of the special-shaped furnace body 2 is provided with a furnace door, a chain and a chain wheel, the furnace door is movably arranged in a slide rail, one end of the chain is connected with the top of the furnace door, the other end of the chain bypasses the chain wheel to be connected with a furnace door oil cylinder, and the furnace door is driven by the furnace door oil cylinder to move up and down along the slide rail so as to realize the opening and closing functions of the furnace door.
In the drawing, a lower furnace shell is welded by a boiler steel plate, two sides of the lower furnace shell are fixed on a bottom tilting platform through connecting devices, the tilting platform is used for adjusting the tilting angle of the lower furnace shell, a steel tapping mechanism and an accident steel tapping hole are arranged at the bottom of the lower furnace shell, the steel tapping mechanism is opened when a furnace body tilts, and a water-cooling cover plate is arranged above the steel tapping mechanism. In the embodiment, the steel tapping mechanism comprises a steel tapping hole brick cup, a steel tapping plug, a transmission arm and a hydraulic cylinder, the steel tapping hole brick cup is communicated with the interior of the lower furnace shell, the steel tapping plug is installed at one end of the transmission arm and used for plugging the steel tapping hole brick cup, the other end of the transmission arm is connected with the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the steel tapping mechanism when the furnace body inclines by 4-6 degrees, the transmission arm and the steel tapping plug are sequentially driven by the hydraulic cylinder, and at the moment, 60% -70% of steel tapping amount is completed by molten steel along the steel tapping hole brick cup 4. The tap hole pocket brick is generally filled with tap hole filler such as fine sand.
The top of a shaft matched special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of a molten pool is provided with a water-cooling furnace cover 3 for accelerating cooling, the water-cooling furnace cover 3 for accelerating cooling is composed of pipelines, a water-cooling frame is formed by welding large seamless steel pipes, water-cooling hanging blocks are laid in the water-cooling frame, and all the hanging blocks are connected to the water-cooling frame through pipelines and valves; an alloy feeding hole and a feeding hopper are arranged on the water-cooled furnace cover 3 for accelerating cooling, and the feeding hopper is opened and closed through an air cylinder and a flashboard; the water-cooled furnace cover 3 for accelerated cooling is also provided with four hanging points connected with a furnace cover lifting mechanism, the furnace cover is unscrewed to add scrap steel when the furnace is started initially, the contact area of the water-cooled furnace cover 3 for accelerated cooling and the vertical shaft 11 is planar in order to match the position of the vertical shaft 11, the whole furnace cover is in a horseshoe shape, and the back of the vertical shaft matched special-shaped furnace body 2 for improving the volume of a molten pool is provided with a furnace cover seat frame 4 for improving the furnace cover.
Specifically, the furnace cover seat frame 4 for improving the furnace cover comprises a hanging beam, an upper platform, a lower platform, a lifting hook and a guide roller, and the hanging beam, the upper platform, the lower platform, the lifting hook and the guide roller are arranged, so that the furnace cover seat frame 4 for improving the furnace cover can lift the furnace cover to a certain height for convenient rotation. Specifically, a furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism 5 used for stably adjusting a furnace cover is arranged on the left side of a shaft-supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 used for increasing the volume of a molten pool, the furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism 5 used for stably adjusting the furnace cover is used for driving a furnace cover seat frame 4 used for increasing the furnace cover to lift a water-cooled furnace cover 3 used for accelerating cooling, and rotating the water-cooled furnace cover 3 used for accelerating cooling to a safety position after a certain height, and is used for adding scrap steel into the furnace body at the beginning, and the furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism 5 used for stably adjusting the furnace cover comprises a supporting roller, a lifting frame, a lifting oil cylinder, a rotating frame, a lifting guide roller, a rotating.
The furnace cover seat frame 4 and the furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism 5 adopt the existing structure, and the specific structure can be selected from various structures, for example, the applicant has disclosed a plurality of technical schemes: a hydraulic clamping device (CN 201720389102.6) for an electrode, a hydraulic rotating device (CN 201720389101.1) for an electrode, a hydraulic clamping compensation device (CN 201720440965.1) for an electrode and a hydraulic device (CN 201710219035.8), in particular to a hydraulic device (CN 201710219035.8) disclose a detailed rotating clamping structure.
It should be further noted that, an electrode lifting mechanism 6 for output is arranged on the left side of a furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 for stably adjusting a furnace cover, the electrode lifting mechanism 6 for output mainly transmits current output by a transformer to a graphite electrode at the end part of the electrode lifting mechanism 6 for output, scrap steel is melted by conducting arcing, the electrode lifting mechanism 6 for output comprises three conducting cross arms, three matched lifting upright posts, a lifting cylinder, an electrode chuck, a clasping ring and the like, the conducting cross arms are a box body formed by welding copper-steel composite plates, water is filled inside the box body to prevent overheating, one end of each conducting cross arm extends out of a copper conducting plate to be connected with a short net 7 for changing current, and the other end of each conducting cross arm is connected with the clasping ring of the chuck to fix the graphite electrode; the lifting upright is positioned at the bottom of the conductive cross arm box body and is connected with the conductive cross arm through an insulating part, a bolt and a nut, the bottom of the upright makes the conductive cross arm move up and down through a lifting cylinder, and the height of the graphite electrode in the furnace body is adjusted.
Meanwhile, the short net 7 for changing current is arranged on the right side of the electrode lifting mechanism 6 for outputting, the short net 7 for changing current is also called a large current system, the function of the short net system is to transmit the large current output by the transformer to the conductive cross arm and the graphite electrode, the short net system for changing current comprises a water-cooled compensator, a middle copper tube bundle, a side insulation part, a short net support for changing current and a water-cooled cable, and the short net 7 for changing current is positioned on the left side of the furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 for stably adjusting the furnace cover.
Specifically, the bottom of a furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 for stably adjusting the furnace cover is provided with an upright post bracket 8, the upright post bracket 8 is used for being connected with an oil cylinder at the bottom of an electrode lifting mechanism 6 for outputting, and a power-assisted electrode lifting oil cylinder drives a conductive cross arm to move up and down.
Specifically, a water cooling system 9 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 for stably adjusting the furnace cover, the water cooling system 9 is composed of three sets of water tanks, and is respectively positioned inside a cooling electric arc furnace body, a cooling conductive cross arm and a cooling vertical shaft 11, the water cooling system 9 is mainly composed of a pipeline, various instruments, valves and the like, factory purified water is introduced into a water cooling area of equipment through the water cooling system 9, the hot point of the equipment is cooled, the temperature, the flow and the pressure of each area of the equipment are detected through various instruments, and the water cooling system 9 is not only a transmission medium, but also a detection device and is an important part for normal operation of the electric arc furnace.
Specifically, a shaft support 10 is arranged at the bottom of a shaft-matching special-shaped furnace body 2 for improving the volume of a molten pool, the shaft support 10 comprises a shaft support body, an operation steel platform, a shaft wall water inlet and return frame, a finger hoisting mechanism and various layers of stairs, the operation platform and walkways are built at main overhaul positions through the arrangement of the shaft support body, the operation steel platform, the shaft wall water inlet and return frame, the finger hoisting mechanism and the various layers of stairs, the bottom of the shaft support 10 is connected with the operation platform through the stairs, connecting plates are arranged at various positions of the shaft support 10 and used for connecting the shaft support 10 with a shaft wall, and a shaft 11 is arranged at the top of the shaft support 10.
It should be noted that the shaft is the core part of the whole set of vertical waste heat recovery electric arc furnace, is the first pass through which the waste heat of the electric arc furnace passes, and the bottom of the shaft is subjected to the impact caused by the falling of the scrap steel from the material basket. The vertical shaft comprises a top well cover, a vertical shaft wall, a vertical shaft closing mechanism, a vertical shaft side waste gas pipeline, a slope blanking hopper, a peripheral piping and the like. The shaft well lid comprises double-deck steel sheet intermediate layer, establishes the water-stop sheet in the steel sheet, and the shaft well lid passes through handle and shaft leg joint to open through the hydro-cylinder jacking and close.
The shaft wall of the shaft consists of four surfaces, the upper end of the shaft wall is provided with a bell mouth, the size of the bell mouth is slightly larger than the bottom of the scrap steel basket, each shaft wall is formed by densely arranging water pipes, the openings are only arranged at the installation position of the closing mechanism and the side surface waste gas pipeline, and the closing mechanism is installed at the opening position and then sealed. The shaft closing mechanism consists of a drawing finger, a drawing oil cylinder, an oil cylinder seat support and a sealing mechanism, the shaft closing mechanism is positioned at a connecting opening of a shaft wall and slope blanking, a sealing structure is arranged at the opening of the shaft wall, smoke diffusion is reduced when the drawing finger is closed, the drawing finger is formed by splicing high-strength wear-resistant steel plates, water is filled in the drawing finger for cooling, and corrosion-resistant paint is sprayed on the surface of the drawing finger; the drawing oil cylinder and the oil cylinder seat support are used for opening during blanking to enable the preheated scrap steel to fall into the furnace, and quickly closing drawing fingers before adding the next material basket scrap steel after the scrap steel falls; the sealing mechanism is formed by splicing steel plates and is positioned at the opening position of the wall of the vertical shaft, and the sealing mechanism is matched with the drawing finger for opening.
The waste gas pipeline at the side of the vertical shaft is positioned at an opening at the side surface of the wall of the vertical shaft, the water-cooled wall consisting of closely-arranged small pipes at the periphery of a frame consisting of a large pipe and a steel plate is used, and the waste gas pipeline mainly plays a role of pumping the smoke gas and heat in the electric arc furnace into the settling chamber through a fan. The slope blanking section is connected with the lower section of the vertical shaft and the furnace body of the electric arc furnace, and is welded into a frame by steel plates; a wear-resistant anti-corrosion steel plate with the thickness of 25mm is laid on the slope in a matched mode, the preheated scrap steel has large impact on the place when falling, the service life of the wear-resistant anti-corrosion steel plate is generally 600-800 furnaces, and the wear-resistant anti-corrosion steel plate is not smooth when the blanking is due or in the process and can be replaced in time. The peripheral piping comprises a water-cooling pipe and a hydraulic pipe; the water-cooling pipe fitting is connected between the No. 3 water-cooling tank and the vertical shaft, so that the water temperature lower than 35 ℃ is provided for the vertical shaft, the water lower than 55 ℃ is recovered at a backwater position, and the water-cooling pipe fitting is connected with each water supply point of the vertical shaft through a metal hose and a valve, so that the wall of the vertical shaft in a certain path is convenient to close and overhaul in time when a problem occurs; the hydraulic pipe fitting is connected between the hydraulic station and the vertical shaft and provides hydraulic support for the vertical well cover opening and closing oil cylinder and the vertical shaft closing mechanism drawing oil cylinder, and all the hydraulic pipes are connected to the oil cylinder position through high-pressure hoses.
It needs to be further explained that the shaft main body is made of H-shaped steel, and an operation platform and an aisle are erected at the main overhaul position, and each operation platform and the aisle pass through stairs up and down; the bottom of the vertical shaft support is connected with the operation platform; and connecting plates are arranged at each position of the shaft support and are used for connecting the shaft support with a shaft wall. The lower part of the shaft support is connected with an operating platform of the electric arc furnace, the middle part of the shaft support is fixed with the whole shaft and a finger opening and closing system, and the upper part of the shaft support and the shaft support together bear the falling impact of the scrap steel of the charging basket, so that the requirements on the structure and the strength are high.
Specifically, a dust removal system and a pipeline 12 are arranged at the top of the shaft matched special-shaped furnace body 2 for increasing the volume of the molten pool, the dust removal system and the pipeline 12 comprise a shaft wall waste gas pipeline, a water cooling pipeline, a settling chamber, a dust removal pipeline, a condenser, a cloth bag dust removal fan and a chimney, and smoke and heat in the electric arc furnace can be extracted by arranging the shaft wall waste gas pipeline, the water cooling pipeline, the settling chamber, the dust removal pipeline, the condenser, the cloth bag dust removal fan and the chimney.
It should be noted that, the right side of the shaft supporting special-shaped furnace body 2 for improving the volume of the molten pool is provided with a material basket and a lifting appliance 13, as shown in fig. 7, the material basket and the lifting appliance 13 load the inside of a waste steel hopper with waste steel, the re-starting winch drives the feeding trolley to move towards the upper left side of the feeding inclined bridge through a steel wire rope, when moving to the upper side of the shaft, the starting hydraulic cylinder drives the right side of the waste steel hopper to lift upwards through a piston end, the waste steel is pushed into the shaft, the bridge frame is maintained simultaneously, so that the maintenance operation can be conveniently carried out by a user, the problems of easy sprinkling and inconvenient maintenance caused by the walking of the existing waste steel feeding are solved, and the inclined bridge waste steel feeding device has the advantages of stable feeding and convenient maintenance, and the stability of the waste steel feeding and the convenience of device. The scrap steel basket is a rectangular frame formed by welding structural steel and steel plates, the bottom of the frame is smaller than the size of a shaft wall frame of the vertical shaft, a hoisting trunnion and an opening and closing mechanism are arranged outside the frame, the scrap steel basket is hoisted to the upper side of the vertical shaft 11 through a material basket hoisting device when the scrap steel spans through a magnetic disc, a vertical shaft cover plate is opened, blanking is carried out, the vertical shaft cover plate is closed, and the next operation is started; the material basket lifting appliance is formed by welding high-strength steel plates and mainly used for driving a material basket to cross over 11 openings of a vertical shaft for blanking from scrap steel through a travelling crane.
When in use, the scrap steel waste heat recovery system adds crushed scrap steel materials into a vertical shaft 11 positioned on the side surface of an EAF furnace body through a material basket lifting appliance, the vertical shaft 11 is a box body with the periphery composed of water-cooling pipeline walls, the volume of the box body is different according to 50 t-140 t of the capacity of an electric arc furnace, the box body of the vertical shaft is different from 25m3 to 60m3, the vertical shaft 11 is provided with a water-cooling cover plate, and the cover plate is opened and closed by two hydraulic cylinders; the shaft 11 is supported by a steel platform bracket and stands above the special-shaped furnace body, preheated scrap steel enters the special-shaped furnace body through a slope, and the vertical electric arc furnace body with the waste heat recovery locally enlarges the original electric arc furnace body, namely enlarges a molten pool of the traditional electric arc furnace and is connected with the shaft 11 through a special-shaped furnace cover; the furnace body is connected with the vertical shaft 11 through the opening and closing of a movable finger, and the movable finger is driven by a hydraulic cylinder; the shaft 11 is located at the upper part of the tilting platform 1 through a steel structure support, a dust removal pipeline is arranged on the shaft 11, smoke in the electric arc furnace is pumped to pass through the shaft 11 through a fan, waste steel materials are preheated to a process required temperature in the shaft 11, the general temperature is controlled to be 700-900 ℃, the steel-making production requirement is met, the amount of the waste steel which can be preheated by the shaft 11 at one time is about 20-48 t according to the difference of shaft box bodies, the waste steel is loaded into an open-bottom material basket in a raw material yard, the cold material addition is carried out in the shaft by utilizing a travelling crane in a workshop to lift the material basket, the waste steel materials are rapidly added into the shaft 11, the upper part of the shaft body is a feeding position, a water-cooling cover plate is arranged at the upper part of the feeding position of; the middle lower part is a scrap preheating chamber, a dedusting water cooling pipeline is arranged on the side of the middle part, the lower part connects the vertical shaft 11 with the enlarged furnace body of the electric arc furnace through a slope larger than 50 degrees, the preheated high-temperature scrap is continuously conveyed into the furnace body, the high-temperature scrap is contacted with molten steel at 1600 ℃ in the EAF furnace, and the high-temperature scrap is heated by a cold zone oxygen blowing gun, so that the scrap can be quickly melted, and electrode heating smelting treatment is carried out in the EAF furnace, and qualified molten steel meeting the process requirements is achieved.
To sum up: the waste heat recovery system of the vertical electric arc furnace is characterized in that a tilting platform 1, a special-shaped furnace body 2 matched with a vertical shaft 11, a water-cooled furnace cover 3 used for accelerated cooling, a furnace cover seat frame 4 used for improving the furnace cover, a furnace cover lifting rotating mechanism 5 used for stably adjusting the furnace cover, an electrode lifting mechanism 6 used for outputting, a short net 7 used for changing current, an upright post bracket 8, a water-cooled system 9, a vertical shaft support 10, the vertical shaft 11, a dust removal system, a pipeline 12, a basket and a lifting appliance 13 are matched, the charging is carried out on the vertical shaft 11 from the side upper part, the opening and closing time of the furnace cover is reduced, the waste steel is preheated to a certain temperature, the smelting period can be 40 minutes, the electricity consumption can be 330Kwh/t steel, the cost of the waste steel preheating vertical ton steel is reduced by about 25-30 percent compared with that of a common electric arc furnace from the aspect of economic benefit, the smelting period is shortened, a large amount of, this vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system possesses vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system's advantage, has saved a large amount of times to the practicality that electric arc furnace steelmaking fell has been improved. .
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a vertical electric arc furnace waste heat recovery system, includes platform (1) that fascinates, its characterized in that: the left side at platform (1) top of fascinating is provided with the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft (2) that are used for improving the molten bath volume, the top that is used for improving the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft (2) of molten bath volume is provided with and is used for accelerating refrigerated water-cooled bell (3), the back that is used for improving the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft (2) of molten bath volume is provided with bell seat frame (4) that are used for improving the bell, the left side that is used for improving the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft (2) of molten bath volume is provided with bell promotion rotary mechanism (5) that are used for stably adjusting the bell, the left side that is used for stably adjusting the bell promotes rotary mechanism (5) is provided with electrode elevating system (6) that are used for output, the right side that is used for electrode elevating system (6) of output is provided with short net (7) that are used for more alternating current Side, the bottom that is used for the bell of stable regulation bell to promote rotary mechanism (5) is provided with stand bracket (8), the bottom that is used for the bell of stable regulation bell to promote rotary mechanism (5) is provided with water cooling system (9), the bottom that is used for the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft (2) of improvement molten bath volume is provided with shaft support (10), the top of shaft support (10) is provided with shaft (11), the top that is used for the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft (2) of improvement molten bath volume is provided with dust pelletizing system and pipeline (12), the right side that is used for the supporting heterotypic furnace body of shaft (2) of improvement molten bath volume is provided with basket and hoist (13).
2. The shaft arc furnace waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the tilting platform (1) comprises a base, a horizontal front support, a horizontal rear support, a tilting oil cylinder and a limiting device.
3. The shaft arc furnace waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the vertical shaft matched special-shaped furnace body (2) for improving the volume of the molten pool comprises a lower furnace shell, an upper furnace shell, a furnace door mechanism, a water-cooling wall hanging, an eccentric cover and an eccentric bottom tapping mechanism.
4. The shaft arc furnace waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the furnace cover seat frame (4) for improving the furnace cover comprises a hanging beam, an upper platform, a lower platform, a lifting hook and a guide roller.
5. The shaft arc furnace waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: and the water cooling system (9) consists of three sets of water tanks which are respectively positioned in the furnace body of the cooling electric arc furnace, the cooling conductive cross arm and the cooling vertical shaft.
6. The shaft arc furnace waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the vertical shaft support (10) comprises a vertical shaft support body, an operation steel platform, a vertical shaft wall water inlet and return frame, a finger hoisting mechanism and each layer of stairs.
7. The shaft arc furnace waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the dust removal system and the pipeline (12) comprise a shaft wall waste gas pipeline, a water cooling pipeline, a settling chamber, a dust removal pipeline, a condenser, a cloth bag dust removal device, a fan and a chimney.
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