CN112008578A

CN112008578A - Metallographic cutting machine and method

Info

Publication number: CN112008578A
Application number: CN202010835113.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王耀仪; 邓建
Original assignee: Laizhou Weiyi Experiment Machine Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Laizhou Weiyi Experiment Machine Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-19
Filing date: 2020-08-19
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-19
Also published as: CN112008578B

Abstract

The invention relates to a metallographic cutting machine and a method, comprising a frame assembly as a carrier; a cutting device for cutting the metallographic sample and a platform device for bearing the metallographic sample are arranged on the frame assembly, so that a basic structure is formed. The cutting device comprises a grinding wheel on the frame assembly, a rotary driving piece for providing rotary power for the grinding wheel and a power transmission piece which is in transmission connection between the rotary driving piece and the grinding wheel; thereby realizing the rotary cutting of the metallographic specimen into a sheet shape; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.

Description

Metallographic cutting machine and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a metallographic cutting machine and a method.

Background

The cutting machines adopted in the preparation of metallographic samples in China are all manually operated, and the main driving motor and the cutting grinding wheel are in the same bin. Since the cooling liquid is continuously sprayed onto the grinding wheel during operation, the grinding wheel rotating at high speed can cause splashing of the cooling liquid, thereby affecting the service life of the equipment. In addition, the manual operation depends on the experience of operators, the quality of the cut sample is not easy to control, the low-quality cut metallographic sample can increase the load of subsequent polishing and other work, and the production efficiency is influenced. CN 201920218576.3A manual and automatic integrated metallographic cutter; although two schemes are provided for the CN201520638404.3 metallographic specimen cutting machine, the structure is complex, the integration degree is low, the operation is inconvenient, the workbench is unstable, and the occupied area of the machine head is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a metallographic cutting machine and a method.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a metallographic cutting machine comprises a frame assembly serving as a carrier; an adjusting bottom plate is arranged on the frame assembly; the frame assembly is provided with a cutting device for cutting the metallographic sample, a swing driving device for driving the grinding wheel to swing, a protective cover device for shielding the grinding wheel and/or a platform device for bearing the metallographic sample.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the cutting device comprises a grinding wheel which swings and rotates on the frame assembly, a rotary driving piece which provides rotary power for the grinding wheel and a power transmission piece which is connected between the rotary driving piece and the grinding wheel in a transmission way;

and a swing driving device is arranged on the adjusting bottom plate and drives the grinding wheel to approach and cut the metallographic sample in a swing mode.

The rotary driving piece at least comprises a rotary driving motor to provide power for the grinding wheel to rotate;

the power transmission part comprises a transmission central shaft, and one end of the power transmission part is in transmission connection with the rotary driving motor;

the fixed motor base is arranged on the adjusting bottom plate and is used for being connected with the end part of the rotary driving motor;

the rotary hollow shaft is sleeved on the fixed motor base through a bearing group A and is connected with a swing driven pull rod on the swing driving device;

the cutting spindle is inserted into the central hole of the grinding wheel and drives the grinding wheel to rotate, and the axis of the cutting spindle is eccentric relative to the axis of a rotary driving motor;

the transmission central shaft is in transmission connection with the cutting main shaft;

the two ends of the eccentric cutting beam are respectively and rotatably provided with a transmission central shaft and a cutting main shaft, the eccentric cutting beam is connected with the rotating hollow shaft, the root end of the eccentric cutting beam is limited by a bearing group C to restrain the transmission central shaft, the head end of the eccentric cutting beam is sleeved on the cutting main shaft by a cutting bearing cover and a bearing group B, and the eccentric cutting beam is covered with a cutting cover plate in a buckling manner;

the swing driving device comprises

The swinging rotating shaft base is arranged on the adjusting bottom plate;

the swinging motor base is arranged on the swinging rotating shaft base in a swinging mode through a swinging rotating shaft;

the swing driving motor is arranged on the swing motor base and provides power for swing driving;

the swing lead screw is connected with a swing driving motor through a swing coupler and is movably arranged in a swing motor base;

the swinging driven pull rod is connected with the rotating hollow shaft and drives the rotating hollow shaft to swing around the axis of the fixed motor base;

the swinging lifting nut is arranged on the swinging lead screw in a lifting manner;

the swing driven pull rod is hinged with the swing lifting nut through a swing hinge seat;

the swing auxiliary arm is hinged with the swing driven pull rod through a swing pull rod connecting shaft, a swing opening is formed in the swing auxiliary arm, and a swing connecting bolt is arranged at the swing opening; the swing pull rod connecting shaft is positioned in the swing opening and is fastened through a swing connecting bolt.

A process guide groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the fixed motor base in a penetrating way, and the swing driven pull rod penetrates through the guide groove;

the rotating hollow shaft is positioned in the inner cavity of the fixed motor base;

the transmission central shaft is connected with a rotary driving motor through a coupler;

the central output wheel on the transmission central shaft is connected with the input shaft wheel on the cutting main shaft through a transmission belt; the transmission belt is tensioned through a tension wheel;

a saw blade clamping group for clamping the grinding wheel is arranged on the cutting spindle, and a locking nut is connected to the cutting spindle in a threaded manner so as to provide clamping force of the saw blade clamping group on the grinding wheel;

the eccentric cutting beam is provided with a locking button assembly, the cutting spindle is in keyed connection with a positioning cutting sleeve, the lower end of the locking button assembly is used for being inserted into an occlusion port of the positioning cutting sleeve, so that locking of rotating motion is achieved, and after the cutting spindle is locked, a spare wrench is used for unscrewing or locking a saw blade nut to replace a grinding wheel;

a cutting bearing cover connected with the eccentric cutting beam is sleeved on the cutting main shaft;

and the adjusting bolt piece is arranged at the lower end of the adjusting bottom plate and is connected with the rack assembly.

The platform device comprises a working moving platform, a grinding wheel and a metal sample collecting device, wherein the working moving platform is arranged in a working cavity of the rack assembly and is positioned below the grinding wheel and used for supporting the metal sample; a linear reciprocating pair is arranged between the working mobile platform and the frame assembly;

the linear reciprocating moving pair has moving part and fixing part matching each other, the fixing part has cavity isolated from outside, and the moving part moves at least partially inside the cavity.

The working moving platform is in transmission connection with the working moving screw shaft through a working moving nut;

the working moving screw shaft is rotatably arranged on the rack assembly or the working moving platform, and the working moving screw nut is arranged on the working moving platform or the rack assembly;

the cylinder body is at least sleeved on the screw part of the working moving screw shaft and/or sleeved on the working moving screw nut;

the cylinder body is fixedly connected with a guide rod fixing seat;

a guide rod is arranged on the guide rod fixing seat in parallel;

the lower end of the working moving platform is provided with a linear sliding seat, and a sliding film sleeve is arranged in the linear sliding seat.

Thereby enabling the working mobile platform to move along a straight line.

The work removes one end that the screw set up on the push rod, and the other end of push rod is fixed on the work removes tailstock, prevents that the push rod from rotating.

Thereby driving the working mobile platform to move back and forth.

The cylinder body and the guide rod are arranged below the working moving platform in parallel; the working movable lead screw shaft rotates in the cylinder body; a working moving screw nut is arranged on the working moving screw shaft, and a pre-working positioning wear-resisting ring which is in sliding contact with the cylinder body is arranged on the outer side wall of the working moving screw nut; two ends of the cylinder body are respectively provided with a working rotary supporting end cover; the working moving screw nut moves back and forth between the working rotating support end covers;

a push rod which is used between the cylinder body and the working moving screw shaft is connected to the working moving screw nut;

the push rod passes through a working rotary supporting end cover positioned at the rear side, and the working movable screw shaft passes through a working rotary supporting end cover positioned at the front end;

the tail part of the push rod is exposed out of the tail part of the cylinder body, and the tail part of the push rod is connected with a working moving tailstock so as to be connected with a working moving platform;

a working dustproof sealing ring and a working positioning wear-resisting ring are arranged on the working rotary supporting end cover;

the working moving platform slides on the guide rod through a sliding die sleeve in a linear sliding seat at the lower end;

a working drive shaft driven to rotate by a motor;

the working detection screw rod is arranged on one side of the working driving shaft in parallel;

the working detection guide rail is arranged corresponding to the working detection screw rod, and the working moving sliding seat is driven by the working detection screw rod to slide on the working detection guide rail;

working travel switches are arranged at the two travel end points of the working detection guide rail;

the work measuring toothed belt is in transmission connection with a gear, corresponding to the work driving shaft, of the work detecting screw rod to drive the work detecting screw rod to rotate;

the working moving screw shaft is arranged on one side of the working driving shaft in parallel and is in transmission connection with the working driving shaft through a working transmission belt;

and the guide rod is arranged on one side of the working moving screw shaft in parallel.

The protective cover device comprises a protective cover covering the grinding wheel and a protective cover support arranged on the frame assembly; a quadrilateral linkage mechanism is arranged between the protective cover and the protective cover support;

the quadrilateral linkage mechanism comprises a shield hinge rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod, wherein the first connecting rod is a shield hinge rod hinged between the shield support and the shield, the second connecting rod is a swinging fulcrum part of the shield support and the eccentric cutting beam or a fixed connecting rod, the third connecting rod is a connecting line or a connecting rod between the end part of the shield hinge rod and the swinging fulcrum part of the shield, and the fourth connecting rod is a connecting line or a connecting rod between the swinging fulcrum part of the eccentric cutting beam and the swinging.

The protective cover is rotationally sleeved on the cutting bearing cover of the grinding wheel; the protective cover and the cutting main shaft are coaxial.

The distance from the front end and the rear end of the protective cover to the working moving platform can be always kept to be changed or not changed within a set range; the rack assembly comprises a rack shell, and a rack lock and a rack guide rail which are arranged on the rack shell;

a rack outer cover is movably arranged on the rack guide rail, and a rack clamping tongue for clamping the rack clamping lock is arranged on the rack outer cover;

a side door of the flat-open machine frame is arranged on the machine frame shell, and after the side door of the flat-open machine frame and the outer cover of the machine frame are closed, the working cavity is closed, so that cutting fluid in the cutting process is prevented from splashing, and personal injury is prevented from being caused by accidental flying of workpieces.

A metallographic cutting method by means of a metallographic cutter; the method comprises the following steps;

firstly, placing a metallographic sample on a working moving platform, and positioning and fixing the metallographic sample through a clamp; then, a working driving shaft is started, a working driving belt drives a working moving platform to move through a working moving screw rod shaft, and meanwhile, a working measuring toothed belt drives a working detection screw rod to rotate, so that a working moving sliding seat slides on a working detection guide rail to perform stroke control;

step two, firstly, starting a rotary driving motor, driving a central output wheel of a transmission central shaft and an input shaft wheel to drive a cutting main shaft to rotate through a transmission belt, and driving a grinding wheel to rotate through the cutting main shaft;

firstly, a swing driving motor drives a swing lead screw to rotate through a swing coupler, and a swing lifting nut moves on the swing lead screw and rotates with a swing hinge base based on a swing rotating shaft; then, the swing driven pull rod drives the rotary hollow shaft to swing around the transmission central shaft, the rotary hollow shaft drives the eccentric cutting beam to swing up and down, and the eccentric cutting beam drives the cutting main shaft to swing up and down around the transmission central shaft for feeding;

when the grinding wheel swings up and down to be far away from and close to the working moving platform, the distance from the front end and the rear end of the protective cover to the working moving platform can be kept to be changed or unchanged within a set range.

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied area, space saving, stable workbench, firm and stable shell, simple transmission and high integration degree, and is reasonable in design, low in cost, firm, durable, safe, reliable, simple in operation, time-saving, labor-saving, capital-saving, compact in structure and convenient to use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the use structure of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the host architecture of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a partial explosion structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the use structure of the workbench of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rack assembly structure of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the shield operation of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the shroud structure of the present invention.

Wherein:

1. a cutting device; 2. a platform device; 3. a frame assembly; 4. adjusting the bottom plate; 5. a rotary drive motor;

6. fixing a motor base; 7. a swing drive device; 8. cutting the main shaft; 9. a grinding wheel sheet; 10. a protective cover;

11. a bearing group A; 12. a rotating hollow shaft; 13. a transmission central shaft; 14. a central output wheel;

15. a transmission belt; 16. a bearing set B; 17. positioning the clamping sleeve; 18. a locking button assembly;

19. cutting the bearing cover; 20. an input shaft wheel; 21. a saw blade clamp group; 22. locking the nut;

23. adjusting bolts 24, tensioning wheels 25 and eccentric cutting beams; 26. a bearing group C27 and a coupler;

28. cutting the cover plate; 29. swinging the driven pull rod; 30. a swing auxiliary arm; 31. a swing opening;

32. swinging the connecting bolt; 33. a swing pull rod connecting shaft; 34. swinging the hinged seat;

35. swinging the lifting nut; 36. swinging the lead screw; 37. a swing drive motor; 38. swinging the motor base;

39. a swing coupling; 40. a swing spindle base; 41. swinging the rotating shaft; 42. a working cavity;

43. a working drive shaft; 44. a working measuring toothed belt; 45. a working detection screw rod; 46. a working detection guide rail;

47. a working moving slide; 48. a working travel switch; 49. a working transmission belt;

50. working to move the screw shaft; 51. a guide bar; 52. a linear sliding seat; 53. a working mobile platform;

54. a cylinder body; 55. a rack housing; 56. clamping and locking the frame; 57. a housing; 58. a frame latch;

59. a rack guide rail; 60. a rack side door; 61. a guide rod fixing seat; 62. a push rod;

63. working and moving a nut; 64. a working mobile tailstock; 65. positioning the wear-resistant ring before working;

66. positioning the wear-resistant ring after working; 67. a working dustproof sealing ring; 68. a working rotating support end cap;

69. a shield support; 70. a shield hinge rod; 71. and (4) sliding the membrane sleeve.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the metallographic cutting machine of the present embodiment includes a frame assembly 3 (which is a general term, and includes a basic fixing member, and an adjustment base plate 4 may be a part thereof) as a carrier; the frame assembly 3 is provided with a cutting device 1 for cutting the metallographic sample, a shield device for shielding a grinding wheel 9 (which can be a cutter or a grinding tool such as an alloy saw blade) and/or a platform device 2 (which can be square or round and the like) for bearing the metallographic sample.

Cutting device 1 has realized the swing lift when emery wheel is rotatory, and both are mutual noninterference, and the swing lift is compared in traditional oscilaltion, and its workstation field of vision switch makes things convenient for the operator to observe, has increased the processing scope, safe and reliable more.

The protective cover device does not swing together with the grinding wheel, and the protective cover swings forwards relative to the grinding wheel after the grinding wheel rises and swings by utilizing the four-bar linkage, so that more front parts of the grinding wheel are accommodated in the protective cover device, and the phenomenon that the grinding wheel is raised and exposed too much to cause the grinding wheel to splash and hurt people is avoided; when the grinding wheel descends and swings, the protective cover swings backwards relative to the grinding wheel, and the protective cover 10 can be prevented from colliding with a workpiece or a clamp.

Compared with the traditional method of additionally arranging rubber or waterproof cloth materials on the screw rod, the platform device 2 (which can be square or round) avoids the problems of long-time abrasion, aging and the like.

The following schemes can be reasonably combined or used independently.

The cutting device 1 comprises a grinding wheel 9 which swings and rotates on the frame assembly 3, a rotary driving piece which provides rotary power for the grinding wheel 9 and a power transmission piece which is in transmission connection between the rotary driving piece and the grinding wheel 9; thereby the rotary cutting of the metallographic specimen slice is realized.

The adjusting bottom plate 4 is provided with a swing driving device 7, and the swing driving device 7 drives the grinding wheel piece 9 to approach and cut a metallographic sample in a swing mode, so that lower swing feeding is realized.

The rotary driving piece at least comprises a rotary driving motor 5 to provide power for rotating the grinding wheel 9; or a power source such as a motor.

The power transmission member comprises

One end of the transmission central shaft 13 is in transmission connection with the rotary driving motor 5; power transmission is realized; and may be directly or indirectly connected.

The fixed motor base 6 is arranged on the adjusting bottom plate 4 and is used for being connected with the end part of the rotary driving motor 5 to realize fixed support;

the rotary hollow shaft 12 is sleeved on the fixed motor base 6 through a bearing group A11 and is connected with a swing driven pull rod 29 on the swing driving device 7;

the cutting spindle 8 is inserted into the central hole of the grinding wheel 9 and drives the grinding wheel 9 to rotate, and the axial lead of the cutting spindle is eccentric relative to the axial lead of the rotary driving motor 5; whereby a swinging motion can be achieved.

The transmission central shaft 13 is in transmission connection with the cutting main shaft 8; the drive connection may be a general drive connection, such as a belt drive or a gear or chain.

The two ends of the eccentric cutting beam 25 are respectively provided with a transmission central shaft 13 and a cutting main shaft 8, and are connected with the rotary hollow shaft 12, the root end of the eccentric cutting beam is restrained by a bearing group C26 to form the transmission central shaft 13, the head end of the eccentric cutting beam is sleeved on the cutting main shaft 8 by a cutting bearing cover 19 and a bearing group B16, and the eccentric cutting beam 25 is covered by a cutting cover plate 28; thereby realizing dust prevention or sealing;

the oscillating drive 7, which may be a rack and pinion or a set of meshing gears, preferably comprises

A swing rotation shaft base 40 installed on the adjustment base plate 4;

the swinging motor base 38 is arranged on the swinging rotating shaft base 40 in a swinging mode through a swinging rotating shaft 41;

a swing driving motor 37 installed on the swing motor base 38 to provide power for swing driving;

the swinging lead screw 36 is connected with a swinging driving motor 37 through a swinging coupler 39, and the swinging lead screw 36 is movably arranged in a swinging motor base 38; as a modification, a linear mechanism such as a push rod may be employed;

the swinging driven pull rod 29 is connected with the rotating hollow shaft 12 and drives the rotating hollow shaft 12 to swing around the axis of the fixed motor base 6;

a swing lifting nut seat 35 which is arranged on a swing screw 36 in a lifting way;

the swing driven pull rod 29 is hinged with a swing lifting nut seat 35 through a swing hinge shaft 34;

a swing auxiliary arm 30 hinged to the swing driven link 29 through a swing link connecting shaft 33, the swing auxiliary arm 30 being provided with a swing opening 31, and a swing connecting bolt 32 being provided at the swing opening 31; a swing link connecting shaft 33 is located in the swing opening 31 and fastened by a swing connecting bolt 32; the fixed connection of the tension device is facilitated, the opening is convenient to install, and the tension connection is realized by the matching of the opening and the bolt.

A process guide groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the fixed motor seat 6 in a penetrating way, and the swing driven pull rod 29 penetrates through the guide groove; thereby realizing the guiding and saving the space;

the rotary hollow shaft 12 is positioned in the inner cavity of the fixed motor base 6;

as one of the transmission central shaft 13 and the cutting main shaft 8, a central output wheel 14 on the transmission central shaft 13 is connected with an input shaft wheel 20 on the cutting main shaft 8 through a transmission belt 15; the transmission belt 15 is tensioned by a tension wheel 24; therefore, power transmission is realized, and other common transmission connection modes are equivalent alternatives.

A saw blade clamp group 21 for clamping the grinding wheel 9 is arranged on the cutting spindle 8, and a locking nut 22 is connected to the cutting spindle 8 in a threaded manner to provide clamping force of the saw blade clamp group 21 on the grinding wheel 9, so that clamping is realized by using friction force;

the eccentric cutting beam 25 is provided with a locking button assembly 18, the cutting spindle 8 is in keyed connection with a positioning cutting sleeve 17, and the lower end of the locking button assembly 18 is inserted into an occlusion port of the positioning cutting sleeve 17, so that locking of rotating motion is achieved. The grinding wheel 9 is replaced by unscrewing or locking the saw blade nut 22 by a wrench after the cutting main shaft 8 is locked.

A cutting bearing cover 19 connected with an eccentric cutting beam 25 is sleeved on the cutting main shaft 8; thereby forming a whole and realizing the driving swing;

and the adjusting bolt pieces 23 are arranged at the lower end of the adjusting bottom plate 4 and are connected with the rack assembly 3, so that the levelness can be adjusted conveniently.

The platform device 2 comprises a working moving platform 53 which is arranged in the working cavity 42 of the frame assembly 3 and is positioned below the grinding wheel 9 and used for carrying a gold phase sample; a linear reciprocating pair is arranged between the working moving platform 53 and the frame assembly 3;

the linear reciprocating moving pair has moving part and fixing part matching each other, the fixing part has cavity isolated from outside, and the moving part moves at least partially inside the cavity. Can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a gear rack, a lead screw, a screw rod and the like. The end of the fixing part can be realized by a sealing ring, a dustproof ring and the like.

The working moving platform 53 is in transmission connection with the working moving screw shaft 50 through a working moving nut 63; thereby realizing driving. The working moving platform 53 is provided with a T-shaped groove, so that T-shaped bolts can be conveniently installed, and fastening and installation are realized.

The working moving screw shaft 50 is rotatably arranged on the rack assembly 3 or the working moving platform 53, and the working moving screw 63 is arranged on the working moving platform 53 or the rack assembly 3;

a cylinder 54 at least fitted over the screw portion of the working movement screw shaft 50 and/or externally fitted over the working movement screw nut 63;

two guide rods 51 are provided in parallel to the guide rod holders 61. The lower end of the working moving platform 53 is provided with a linear sliding seat 52, and a sliding film sleeve 71 is arranged in the linear sliding seat 52. The sliding film sleeve 71 slides relatively on the guide bar 51, thereby enabling the working moving platform to move in a straight line.

One end of the working movement screw shaft 50 is rotatably provided in the cylinder 54, a working movement screw 63 is provided at one end of the push rod 62, and the other end of the push rod 62 is fixed to a working movement tailstock 64 to prevent the push rod 62 from rotating.

The cylinder 54 is fixed on the guide rod fixing seat 61

The working movement screw shaft 50 rotates to drive the working movement screw 63 to move back and forth, thereby driving the working movement platform 53 to move back and forth.

The cylinder 54 is arranged below the working moving platform 53 in parallel with the guide rod 51; the working movement screw shaft 50 rotates in the cylinder; a working moving screw nut 63 is arranged on the working moving screw shaft 50, and a pre-working positioning wear-resisting ring 65 which is in sliding contact with the cylinder body is arranged on the outer side wall of the working moving screw nut 63; two ends of the cylinder body are respectively provided with a working rotary supporting end cover 68; the working movement nut 63 reciprocates between the working rotation support end caps 68;

a push rod 62 which is used between the cylinder 54 and the working moving screw shaft 50 is connected to the working moving screw nut 63;

the push rod 62 passes through the working rotation support end cap 68 at the rear side, and the screw shaft 50 passes through the working rotation support end cap 68 at the front end at the working movement;

the tail of the push rod 62 exposed out of the tail of the cylinder 54 is connected with a working moving tailstock 64 to be connected with the working moving platform 53;

a working dustproof sealing ring 67 and a working positioning wear-resisting ring 66 are arranged on the working rotary supporting end cover 68; under the functions of wear resistance and guiding, the movable guiding and supporting can be realized through the guide rod (nylon or brass and the like can be selected), and the number of the guide rods is preferably two. And realize servo detection through detecting the lead screw, guarantee the displacement precision.

A working moving platform 53 which is on the guide rod 51 through a working moving linear bearing seat 52 at the lower end;

a working drive shaft 43 rotated by the motor;

a working detection screw rod 45 arranged in parallel on one side of the working driving shaft 43;

a working detection guide rail 46 which is arranged corresponding to the working detection screw rod 45, and a working moving slide seat 47 is driven by the working detection screw rod 45 to slide on the working detection guide rail 46;

a working stroke switch 48 is arranged at the two stroke end points of the working detection guide rail 46; thereby end-of-travel control.

The work measuring toothed belt 44 is in transmission connection with a gear corresponding to the work detection screw rod 45 and the work driving shaft 43 to drive the work detection screw rod 45 to rotate; thereby achieving power transmission.

A working moving screw shaft 50 which is arranged in parallel at one side of the working driving shaft 43 and is in transmission connection with the working driving shaft 43 through a working transmission belt 49;

the guide rod 51 is disposed in parallel with the working movement screw shaft 50.

Compared with the traditional structure that rubber or waterproof cloth materials are additionally arranged on the screw rod, the workbench has the advantages that the occupied area is small, the problem of oxidation and aging after a long time does not exist, the stroke control is accurate, and the sealing and dust prevention of the space of the inner cavity of the cylinder body are realized through the ingenious design of the moving part and the fixing part.

The protective cover device comprises a protective cover 10 covering the grinding wheel 9 and a protective cover support 69 arranged on the frame assembly 3; a quadrangular linkage between the hood 10 and the hood support 69;

the quadrilateral linkage mechanism comprises a shield hinge rod 70, a second connecting rod or a fixed connecting rod, a third connecting rod or a connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod, wherein the first connecting rod is a shield hinge rod 70, the shield hinge rod is hinged between the shield support 69 and the shield 10, the second connecting rod is a swinging fulcrum part of the shield support 69 and the eccentric cutting beam 25, the third connecting rod is a connecting line or a connecting rod of the end part of the shield hinge rod 70 and the swinging fulcrum part of the shield 10, and the fourth connecting rod is a connecting line or a connecting rod of the swinging fulcrum.

The protective cover 10 is rotationally sleeved on the cutting spindle 8 of the grinding wheel 9;

the head articulated end of the shield articulated rod 70, the root articulated end of the shield articulated rod 70, the swinging axial lead of the grinding wheel piece 9 and the axial lead of the cutting spindle 8 are connected to form a four-bar linkage;

when the grinding wheel 9 swings up and down to get away from and close to the working movable platform 53, the distances from the front end and the rear end of the protective cover 10 to the working movable platform 53 can be always kept almost the same. The safety of an operator can be ensured when the highest point of the grinding wheel 9 is cut (the cutting piece is thrown away along the rotating direction when rotating at high speed); the saw guard can be prevented from colliding with the workpiece or the jig when cutting at the lowest point. The rack assembly 3 comprises a rack shell 55, and a rack lock 56 and a rack guide rail 59 which are arranged on the rack shell 55;

a rack outer cover 57 is movably arranged on the rack guide rail 59, and a rack clamping tongue 58 used for being clamped on the rack clamping lock 56 is arranged on the rack outer cover 57; the snap-lock connection is realized and slides by guiding.

A side door 60 capable of being opened horizontally is arranged on the frame shell 55, and after the side door is closed with a frame outer cover 57, the working cavity 42 is closed, so that cutting fluid in the cutting process is prevented from splashing, and personal injury caused by accidental flying of workpieces is prevented.

The metallographic cutting method of the embodiment is realized by means of a metallographic cutting machine; the method comprises the following steps;

firstly, placing a metallographic sample on a working moving platform 53, and positioning and fixing the metallographic sample by a clamping fixture; then, the working driving shaft 43 is started, the working driving belt 49 drives the working moving platform 53 to move through the working moving screw shaft 50, and meanwhile, the working measuring toothed belt 44 drives the working detecting screw rod 45 to rotate, so that the working moving slide 47 slides on the working detecting guide rail 46 to perform travel control;

step two, firstly, starting the rotary driving motor 5, driving the cutting spindle 8 to rotate by the central output wheel 14 of the transmission central shaft 13 through the transmission belt 15 and the input shaft wheel 20, and driving the grinding wheel 9 to rotate by the cutting spindle 8;

step three, firstly, the swing driving stepping motor 37 drives the swing lead screw 36 to rotate through the swing coupling 39, and the swing lifting nut seat 35 moves on the swing lead screw 36 and rotates on the basis of the swing rotating shaft 41 and the swing hinge shaft 34; then, the swing driven pull rod 29 drives the rotary hollow shaft 12 to swing around the transmission central shaft 13, the rotary hollow shaft 12 drives the eccentric cutting beam 25 to swing downwards, and the eccentric cutting beam 25 drives the cutting main shaft 8 to swing around the transmission central shaft 13 to feed;

when the grinding wheel 9 swings up and down to get far away from and get close to the working moving platform 53, the distance from the front end and the rear end of the protective cover 10 to the working moving platform 53 can be always kept to be smaller than a set value or changed or unchanged within a set range, namely the distance is almost the same.

The metallographic cutting machine comprises a frame assembly 3 serving as a carrier; the frame assembly 3 is provided with a cutting device 1 for cutting a metallographic sample and a platform device 2 for bearing the metallographic sample, so that a basic structure is formed.

The present invention has been described in sufficient detail for clarity of disclosure and is not exhaustive of the prior art.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; it is obvious as a person skilled in the art to combine several aspects of the invention. And such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a metallography cutting machine which characterized in that: comprises a frame assembly (3) as a carrier; an adjusting bottom plate (4) is arranged on the frame assembly (3); the machine frame assembly (3) is provided with a cutting device (1) for cutting a metallographic sample, a swing driving device (7) for driving a grinding wheel (9) to swing, a protective cover device for shielding the grinding wheel (9) and/or a platform device (2) for bearing the metallographic sample.

2. The cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting device (1) comprises a grinding wheel (9) which swings and rotates on the rack assembly (3), a rotary driving piece which provides rotary power for the grinding wheel (9) and a power transmission piece which is in transmission connection between the rotary driving piece and the grinding wheel (9);

a swing driving device (7) is arranged on the adjusting bottom plate (4), and the swing driving device (7) drives the grinding wheel (9) to approach and cut the metallographic sample in a swing mode.

3. The cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the rotary driving piece at least comprises a rotary driving motor (5) for providing power for rotating the grinding wheel sheet (9);

the power transmission member comprises

One end of the transmission central shaft (13) is in transmission connection with the rotary driving motor (5);

the fixed motor base (6) is arranged on the adjusting bottom plate (4) and is used for being connected with the end part of the rotary driving motor (5);

a rotary hollow shaft (12) which is sleeved on the fixed motor base (6) through a bearing group A (11) and is connected with a swing driven pull rod (29) on the swing driving device (7);

the cutting spindle (8) is inserted into the central hole of the grinding wheel (9) and drives the grinding wheel (9) to rotate, and the axis of the cutting spindle is eccentric relative to the axis of the rotary driving motor (5);

the transmission central shaft (13) is in transmission connection with the cutting main shaft (8);

the two ends of the eccentric cutting beam (25) are respectively and rotatably provided with a transmission central shaft (13) and a cutting main shaft (8), the eccentric cutting beam (25) is connected with the rotating hollow shaft (12), the root end of the eccentric cutting beam (25) is limited by a bearing group C (26) to restrain the transmission central shaft (13), the head end of the eccentric cutting beam (25) is sleeved on the cutting main shaft (8) through a cutting bearing cover (19) and a bearing group B (16), and the eccentric cutting beam (25) is covered with a cutting cover plate (28);

the swing drive device (7) comprises

The swinging rotating shaft base (40) is arranged on the adjusting bottom plate (4);

the swing motor base (38) is arranged on the swing rotating shaft base (40) in a swing mode through a swing rotating shaft (41);

the swing driving motor (37) is arranged on the swing motor base (38) and provides power for swing driving;

the swing lead screw (36) is connected with a swing driving motor (37) through a swing coupler (39), and the swing lead screw (36) is movably arranged in a swing motor base (38);

the swing driven pull rod (29) is connected with the rotary hollow shaft (12) and drives the rotary hollow shaft (12) to swing around the axis of the fixed motor base (6);

the swinging lifting nut (35) is arranged on the swinging screw rod (36) in a lifting manner;

the swing driven pull rod (29) is hinged with a swing lifting nut (35) through a swing hinge seat (34);

the swing auxiliary arm (30) is hinged with the swing driven pull rod (29) through a swing pull rod connecting shaft (33), a swing opening (31) is formed in the swing auxiliary arm (30), and a swing connecting bolt (32) is arranged at the position of the swing opening (31); the swing pull rod connecting shaft (33) is positioned in the swing opening (31) and is fastened through a swing connecting bolt (32).

4. The cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that:

a process guide groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the fixed motor base (6) in a penetrating way, and the swing driven pull rod (29) penetrates through the guide groove;

the rotary hollow shaft (12) is positioned in the inner cavity of the fixed motor base (6);

the transmission central shaft (13) is connected with the rotary driving motor (5) through a coupling (27);

as one of transmission connection between a transmission central shaft (13) and a cutting main shaft (8), a central output wheel (14) on the transmission central shaft (13) is connected with an input shaft wheel (20) on the cutting main shaft (8) through a transmission belt (15); the transmission belt (15) is tensioned through a tension wheel (24);

a saw blade clamp group (21) for clamping the grinding wheel (9) is arranged on the cutting spindle (8), and a locking nut (22) is connected to the cutting spindle (8) in a threaded manner so as to provide clamping force of the saw blade clamp group (21) on the grinding wheel (9);

a locking button component (18) is arranged on the eccentric cutting beam (25), a positioning cutting sleeve (17) is connected to the cutting spindle (8) in a key mode, the lower end of the locking button component (18) is used for being inserted into an occlusion port of the positioning cutting sleeve (17) so as to achieve locking of rotating motion, and after the locking button component (18) is used for locking the cutting spindle (8), a spare spanner is used for unscrewing or locking a saw blade nut (22) to replace a grinding wheel (9);

a cutting bearing cover (19) connected with the eccentric cutting beam (25) is sleeved on the cutting main shaft (8);

and the adjusting bolt pieces (23) are arranged at the lower end of the adjusting bottom plate (4) and are connected with the rack assembly (3).

5. The cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the platform device (2) comprises a working moving platform (53) which is arranged in a working cavity (42) of the frame assembly (3), is positioned below the grinding wheel (9) and is used for supporting and carrying a gold phase sample; a linear reciprocating pair is arranged between the working moving platform (53) and the frame assembly (3);

6. The cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the working moving platform (53) is in transmission connection with the working moving screw shaft (50) through a working moving nut (63);

the working moving screw shaft (50) is rotatably arranged on the rack assembly (3) or the working moving platform (53), and the working moving screw nut (63) is arranged on the working moving platform (53) or the rack assembly (3);

a cylinder body (54) at least sleeved on the screw part of the working moving screw shaft (50) and/or sleeved on the working moving screw nut (63);

the cylinder body (54) is fixedly connected with a guide rod fixing seat (61);

a guide rod (51) is arranged on the guide rod fixing seat (61) in parallel;

the lower end of the working moving platform (53) is provided with a linear sliding seat (52), and a sliding film sleeve (71) is arranged in the linear sliding seat (52); the sliding film sleeve (71) slides relatively on the guide rod (51), so that the working moving platform (53) can move along a straight line;

one end of a working moving screw shaft (50) is rotatably arranged in the cylinder body (54), a working moving screw nut (63) is arranged at one end of a push rod (62), and the other end of the push rod (62) is fixed on a working moving tailstock (64);

the working moving screw shaft (50) rotates to drive the working moving screw nut (63) to move back and forth, so that the working moving platform (53) is driven to move back and forth.

7. The cutting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the cylinder body (54) and the guide rod (51) are arranged below the working moving platform (53) in parallel; the working movable screw shaft (50) rotates in the cylinder body (54); a working moving screw nut (63) is arranged on the working moving screw shaft (50), and a pre-working positioning wear-resisting ring (65) which is in sliding contact with the cylinder body is arranged on the outer side wall of the working moving screw nut (63); two ends of the cylinder body are respectively provided with a working rotary supporting end cover (68); the working moving screw nut (63) moves back and forth between the working rotating support end covers (68);

a push rod (62) between the cylinder body (54) and the working moving screw shaft (50) is connected to the working moving screw nut (63);

the push rod (62) passes through a working rotary supporting end cover (68) positioned at the rear side, and the working movable screw shaft (50) passes through a working rotary supporting end cover (68) positioned at the front end;

the tail part of the push rod (62) is exposed out of the tail part of the cylinder body (54), and the tail part of the push rod (62) is connected with a working moving tailstock (64) to be connected with a working moving platform (53);

a working dustproof sealing ring (67) and a positioning wear-resistant ring (66) after working are arranged on the working rotary supporting end cover (68);

the working moving platform (53) slides on the guide rod (51) through a sliding die sleeve (71) in a linear sliding seat (52) at the lower end;

a working drive shaft (43) driven to rotate by the motor;

a work detection screw rod (45) which is arranged in parallel at one side of the work driving shaft (43);

the work detection guide rail (46) is arranged corresponding to the work detection screw rod (45), and the work moving sliding seat (47) is driven by the work detection screw rod (45) to slide on the work detection guide rail (46);

working stroke switches (48) are arranged at the two stroke end points of the working detection guide rail (46);

the work measuring toothed belt (44) is in transmission connection with a gear corresponding to the work detection screw rod (45) and the work driving shaft (43) to drive the work detection screw rod (45) to rotate;

the working moving screw shaft (50) is arranged on one side of the working driving shaft (43) in parallel and is in transmission connection with the working driving shaft (43) through a working transmission belt (49);

and a guide rod (51) arranged in parallel on one side of the working moving screw shaft (50).

8. The cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the protective cover device comprises a protective cover (10) covered on the grinding wheel (9) and a protective cover support (69) arranged on the frame assembly (3); a quadrilateral linkage mechanism is arranged between the protective cover (10) and the protective cover support (69);

the quadrilateral linkage mechanism comprises a shield hinge rod (70) which is hinged between a shield support (69) and the shield (10), a swinging fulcrum part which is fixedly connected or fixed with the shield support (69) and the eccentric cutting beam (25), a connecting line or connecting rod which is connected between the end part of the shield hinge rod (70) and the swinging fulcrum part of the shield (10), and a connecting line or connecting rod which is connected between the swinging fulcrum part of the eccentric cutting beam (25) and the swinging fulcrum part of the shield (10).

9. The cutting machine according to claim 8, characterized in that:

the protective cover (10) is rotatably sleeved on a cutting bearing cover (19) of the grinding wheel (9); the protective cover (10) and the cutting main shaft (8) are coaxial;

the head hinged end of the shield hinged rod (70), the root hinged end of the shield hinged rod (70), the swinging axis of the grinding wheel (9) and the axis of the cutting spindle (8) are connected to form a four-bar linkage;

when the grinding wheel (9) swings up and down to be far away from and close to the working moving platform (53), the distance from the front end and the rear end of the protective cover (10) to the working moving platform (53) can be kept to be changed or unchanged within a set range;

the rack assembly (3) comprises a rack shell (55), and a rack lock (56) and a rack guide rail (59) which are arranged on the rack shell (55);

a rack outer cover (57) is movably arranged on the rack guide rail (59), and a rack clamping tongue (58) used for clamping the rack clamping lock (56) is arranged on the rack outer cover (57);

a side door (60) of the flat-open machine frame is arranged on the machine frame shell (55), and after the side door and a machine frame outer cover (57) are closed, the working cavity (42) is closed, so that cutting fluid in the cutting process is prevented from splashing, and personal injury is prevented from being caused by accidental flying of workpieces.

10. A metallographic cutting method is characterized in that: by means of a metallurgical cutter; the method comprises the following steps;

firstly, placing a metallographic sample on a working moving platform (53) and positioning and fixing the metallographic sample by a clamp; then, a working driving shaft (43) is started, a working driving belt (49) drives a working moving platform (53) to move through a working moving screw rod shaft (50), and meanwhile, a working measuring toothed belt (44) drives a working detecting screw rod (45) to rotate, so that a working moving sliding seat (47) slides on a working detecting guide rail (46) to carry out stroke control;

step two, firstly, a rotary driving motor (5) is started, a central output wheel (14) of a transmission central shaft (13) drives a cutting main shaft (8) to rotate through a transmission belt (15) and an input shaft wheel (20), and the cutting main shaft (8) drives a grinding wheel (9) to rotate;

firstly, a swing driving motor (37) drives a swing lead screw (36) to rotate through a swing coupler (39), a swing lifting nut (35) moves on the swing lead screw (36) and rotates with a swing hinge base (34) based on a swing rotating shaft (41); then, the swing driven pull rod (29) drives the rotary hollow shaft (12) to swing around the transmission central shaft (13), the rotary hollow shaft (12) drives the eccentric cutting beam (25) to swing up and down, and the eccentric cutting beam (25) drives the cutting main shaft (8) to swing up and down around the transmission central shaft (13) to feed;

when the grinding wheel (9) swings up and down to be far away from and close to the working moving platform (53), the distance from the front end and the rear end of the protective cover (10) to the working moving platform (53) can be always kept to be smaller than a set value or changed or unchanged within a set range.