CN111978063A - 井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂 - Google Patents
井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂 Download PDFInfo
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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Classifications
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/062—Purification products of smoke, fume or exhaust-gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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Abstract
本发明公开了井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂，由以下重量比的组分制成：硅酸盐水泥熟料40％、粉煤灰35％、干石灰粉15％、脱硫石膏粉5％、氯化钠1％、硅酸钠1％、铝粉膏1％、松香酸钠1％、羧甲基纤维素钠1％。本产品添加了35％的粉煤灰和脱硫石膏粉配制出了井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂，跟同类产品相比，粉煤灰和脱硫石膏粉的有效利用符合国家环保科技产业要求，使污染环境严重的粉煤灰变为宝产生经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及煤矿开采技术领域，具体涉及井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂。
背景技术
随着煤矿开采深度的增加留下的采空区、空巷道也越来越多，造成地面大量土地塌陷、山体滑坡、河流断流、湖泊消失、建筑物倒塌陷落等灾害；特别是很多村庄地底采空区塌陷至使房屋倒塌造成人员伤亡及巨大財产损失。
现如今为了治埋采空区塌陷问题煤矿普遍采用采空区爆破放顶塌落法、采空区顶钻锚注浆加固法、矸石充填法等方法来阻止采空区塌陷；但这些方法都有缺陷、没能把采空区空间充填接顶密实，不能有效阻挡采空区的塌陷。
发明内容
针对上述存在的技术不足，本发明的目的是提供一种成本低、操作使用方便的采空区充填接顶膨胀剂，这种充填膨胀剂能和电厂废弃渣粉煤灰、各种冶炼废渣、矸石渣等混成浆液注入采空区充填、由于充填膨胀剂的加入能使这些废渣制成的充填浆膨胀接顶、从而达到膨胀充填采空区的目的。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
本发明提供井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂，由以下重量比的组分制成：硅酸盐水泥熟料40％、粉煤灰35％、干石灰粉15％、脱硫石膏粉5％、氯化钠1％、硅酸钠1％、铝粉膏1％、松香酸钠1％、羧甲基纤维素钠1％。
铝粉膏+松香酸钠粉能在水泥浆收汗的过程中被干石灰粉的碱性功能激发产生化学反应产生微粒氢气泡膨胀充填浆液，使之达到80％的膨胀率；
羧甲基纤维素作为水泥浆液增稠剂能增加水泥浆的粘性、粘稠度、使水泥浆里产生的膨胀颗粒不宜散发、使之形成强度高的骨架水泥膨胀微粒；
硅酸钠粉具有高粘性的凝胶性、粘性、快干性，它在和粉煤灰水泥组成的膨胀剂里混合磨细在一起合成快干膨胀剂能大大提高粉煤灰的活性、增强水泥强度，加速水泥的收汗快干速度。
上述井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂的制备方法为：将硅酸盐水泥熟料40％、粉煤灰35％、干石灰粉15％、脱硫石膏粉5％、氯化钠1％、硅酸钠1％、铝粉膏1％、松香酸钠1％、羧甲基纤维素钠1％混合后置于球磨机磨细至200目后烘干包装即可，每袋25公斤。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本产品添加了35％的粉煤灰和5％的脱硫石膏粉配制出了井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂，跟同类产品相比：粉煤灰和脱硫石膏粉的有效利用附合国家环保科技产业，使污染环境严重的粉煤灰和脱硫石膏粉变废为宝，产生经济效益和社会环保效益。
2、利用硅酸钠粉和羧甲基纤维素作为增强剂，快干剂制成的“井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂具注浆时有滑动性、流动性快的忧点，不易堵塞充填泵、浆液输送管，跟同类产品相比具有注浆流动性好、不易发生堵塞泵管的现象。
3、高达80％的膨胀率跟同类产品10％的膨胀率相比，我公司研发的“井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂”膨胀率较高，矿上利用大量的电厂废弃的粉煤灰粉或矸石渣粉充填时添加的“井下采空区充填膨胀剂”添加量少，从而降低了充填成本。
4、综上所述，本发明提供井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂为成本低、效果好的环保型新型充填膨胀材料。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂，由以下重量比的组分制成：硅酸盐水泥熟料40％、粉煤灰35％、干石灰粉15％、脱硫石膏粉5％、氯化钠1％、硅酸钠1％、铝粉膏1％、松香酸钠1％、羧甲基纤维素钠1％。
性能检测
1、检测方法：将本发明的井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂与粉煤灰(或矸石渣粉)、水按10％：50％：40％混合均匀搅拌后用填充泵输送注入采空区，观察记录其效果指标；
2、检测结果：
(1)、搅拌输送注入采空区后初凝时间：1-2小时；
(2)、输送注入采空区后终凝时间：12-24小时；
(3)、输送注入采空区后收汗时的膨胀率≤10％；
(4)、2天后抗压强度：≥5MPa；
(5)、7天后抗压强度：≤15MPa。
膨胀率试验：
量取1000毫升细度为200目的井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂置于一个量程为3000毫升的量筒里，再加入1000毫升清水搅拌均匀达2000毫升刻度的浆液并静放12小时，在这12小时内浆液己基本膨胀、收汗硬化，并且在量筒里收汗硬化后的膨胀刻度在2800毫升，此试验证明了本产品膨胀率能达到80％。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (1)
1.井下采空区充填接顶膨胀剂，其特征在于，由以下重量比的组分制成：硅酸盐水泥熟料40％、粉煤灰35％、干石灰粉15％、脱硫石膏粉5％、氯化钠1％、硅酸钠1％、铝粉膏1％、松香酸钠1％、羧甲基纤维素钠1％。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114907138A (zh) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-08-16 | 华南理工大学 | 一种用于地下空腔充填的注浆材料 |
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| CN102815963A (zh) * | 2012-09-14 | 2012-12-12 | 淄博矿业集团有限责任公司 | 一种高水微胀充填材料组合物 |
| CN103011742A (zh) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-04-03 | 山东科技大学 | 主动施压高膨胀型膏体充填材料 |
| CN103373827A (zh) * | 2012-04-17 | 2013-10-30 | 都江堰科普达新型材料有限公司 | 一种水泥基材料 |
| CN108609964A (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-10-02 | 成都理工大学 | 一种采空区注浆充填材料 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103373827A (zh) * | 2012-04-17 | 2013-10-30 | 都江堰科普达新型材料有限公司 | 一种水泥基材料 |
| CN102815963A (zh) * | 2012-09-14 | 2012-12-12 | 淄博矿业集团有限责任公司 | 一种高水微胀充填材料组合物 |
| CN103011742A (zh) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-04-03 | 山东科技大学 | 主动施压高膨胀型膏体充填材料 |
| CN108609964A (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-10-02 | 成都理工大学 | 一种采空区注浆充填材料 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114907138A (zh) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-08-16 | 华南理工大学 | 一种用于地下空腔充填的注浆材料 |
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