CN111955414A - Pig breeding method based on artificial insemination - Google Patents
Pig breeding method based on artificial insemination Download PDFInfo
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- CN111955414A CN111955414A CN202010699811.0A CN202010699811A CN111955414A CN 111955414 A CN111955414 A CN 111955414A CN 202010699811 A CN202010699811 A CN 202010699811A CN 111955414 A CN111955414 A CN 111955414A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000012173 estrus Effects 0.000 description 13
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000007407 African swine fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003975 animal breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
- A61D19/00—Instruments or methods for reproduction or fertilisation
- A61D19/02—Instruments or methods for reproduction or fertilisation for artificial insemination
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pig breeding method based on artificial insemination. The method comprises the following steps: breeding through a first breeding field to obtain pure boars and pure sows, selecting seeds, recording information data of the pure boars and the pure sows as A, and submitting the information data to a data center; sending the pure boars subjected to the breeding to a boar station for feeding and training to obtain boar essences, recording information data of the boar essences as B, and submitting the information data to the data center; breeding in a second breeding field to obtain sows, selecting seeds, recording the information data of the pure sows as C, and submitting the information data to the data center; wherein the first breeding farm and the second breeding farm are precisely matched according to the information data A, B and C provided by the data center. The pig breeding method can realize the combined breeding and accurate matching of a plurality of pig farms, can realize the self-circulation of sows, reduce the transportation of swineries, and effectively improve the safety and the economic benefit of pig breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of animal breeding, in particular to a pig breeding method based on artificial insemination.
Background
For a long time, the large-scale pig breeding selection generally comprises the independent feeding of great ancestor breeder pig farms, the independent feeding of grand ancestor pigs and the independent feeding of ternary commercial pigs. The replacement of the sows is carried out by supplementing replacement sows from other special breeding farms. Due to the limitation of heredity, each pig farm cannot supplement replacement sows by self in a self-breeding mode. Thus, in the case of transverse african swine fever, replacement sows introduced from other pig farms are likely to infect the swine fever in the pig farm, resulting in great loss to the pig farm. Meanwhile, the reserved sows (boars) purchased outside are often high in price and uneven in quality, so that the pigs are disordered and unstable in production performance, economic benefits fluctuate along with the pigs, and production and operation of a pig farm are not facilitated. Thus, existing pig breeding methods remain to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, it is an object of the present invention to propose a method of breeding pigs based on artificial insemination. The pig breeding method can realize the combined breeding and accurate matching of a plurality of pig farms, can realize the self-circulation of sows, reduce the transportation of swineries, and effectively improve the safety and the economic benefit of pig breeding.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method of breeding pigs based on artificial insemination. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pig breeding method comprises: breeding through a first breeding field to obtain pure boars and pure sows, selecting seeds, recording information data of the pure boars and the pure sows as A, and submitting the information data to a data center; sending the pure boars subjected to the breeding to a boar station for feeding and training to obtain boar essences, recording information data of the boar essences as B, and submitting the information data to the data center; breeding in a second breeding field to obtain sows, selecting seeds, recording the information data of the pure sows as C, and submitting the information data to the data center; wherein the first breeding farm and the second breeding farm are precisely matched according to the information data A, B and C provided by the data center.
The pig breeding method based on artificial insemination according to the embodiment of the invention is also called 'Prwlett-packard breeding', and comprises two contents of combined breeding and precise matching. The joint breeding is realized by establishing genetic connection between a boar station and a second breeding field (also called a client field) in a first breeding field (also called a core breeding field), simultaneously measuring the core breeding field and the client field, and establishing a data center together. The accurate matching means that the core breeding farm, the boar station and the client farm are matched according to data and possibility provided by the data center so as to obtain the best breeding configuration and economic benefit.
The general breeding system comprises four components of a core breeding field, a boar station, a data center and a client field. Only pure breeding pigs are fed in a core breeding field, continuous breeding of the breeding pigs is improved through a modern breeding technology, and top-grade boars bred in the core breeding field enter a boar station; the boar station only feeds boars, and provides pig essence for a core breeding farm and a client farm; the client farm raises pure sow, binary sow and ternary commercial pig. The client farm carries out pure breeding, expanding breeding and ternary commercial pig production by utilizing the pig essence of the boar station. The sows in the client farm complete self-circulation. The core breeding field and the client field adopt a unified measuring mode, all information data are completely submitted to a data center, and the data center analyzes the data information and guides the seed selection and matching of the core breeding field and the client field. Therefore, the general breeding method provided by the invention not only realizes the combined breeding and accurate matching of a plurality of pig farms, but also realizes the self-circulation of sows, reduces the transportation of pig groups, reduces the risk of diseases, and is a new high-efficiency production mode of live pigs suitable for non-pestilence situations.
In addition, the pig breeding method based on artificial insemination according to the above embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
in some embodiments of the invention, the informative data comprises at least one of phenotypic data, genotypic data, pedigree data and environmental factor data.
In some embodiments of the invention, the breeding includes primary selection, weaning selection, nursery selection, performance measurement, selection, and swine renewal.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the indicators for the initial selection include: at least one of lineage number, selection strength, pit index and growth status.
In some embodiments of the invention, the performance measurement comprises: body weight measurement, backfat measurement and eye muscle area measurement.
In some embodiments of the invention, the performance test is performed when the weight of the pig to be tested is 30-115 kg.
In some embodiments of the invention, the swine updating comprises: and (4) utilizing the selected and remained pure boars and pure sows to update the boars.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the precise matching comprises: pure breeding matching, expanding breeding matching and commercial pig production matching.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sows obtained from breeding in the second breeding farm include purebred sows, gilts of the binary variety and gilts of the ternary variety.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
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The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pig breeding method based on artificial insemination according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. The following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
For ease of understanding, a pig breeding method based on artificial insemination (general breeding) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The general breeding comprises combined breeding and precise matching. The combined breeding means that a core breeding field establishes genetic connection with a client field through a boar station, the core breeding field and the client field are simultaneously measured, a data center is jointly established, and the combined breeding is realized. The precise matching comprises pure breeding matching, expanding breeding matching and commercial pig production matching. Pure breeding and matching refers to matching boars and sows in the pure breeding process, two factors of genetic progress and population inbreeding are mainly considered, and the genetic progress is maximized under the condition of certain inbreeding increment through matching; the expanding propagation and selection refers to the selection of the big white pigs and the long white pigs when the binary sows are produced, and the reproductive performance of the binary sows is optimal through the selection; the commercial pig production matching refers to matching of Duroc boars and binary sows during production of the ternary commercial pigs, and meat, meat and other performances of the ternary commercial pigs are optimized through matching.
(I) selecting and matching of breeding pigs in core breeding farm
1. Selection of breeding pigs in core breeding farm
Primary selection: after birth, the piglets are earmarked, the newborn piglets and the sows are selected primarily according to conditions such as blood number, selection strength, litter index, growth state and the like within one week of birth, and the information of the piglets is registered in a data center.
And (4) weaning and selecting: and (3) selecting and reserving the primarily selected piglets and gilts during weaning, and removing the individuals who grow and fall behind. The information is registered to a data center.
Nursing and selecting: weaned boars and gilts enter a nursing house, individuals with abnormal growth are removed in the nursing period, and normal-growing boars and gilts are selected and retained. The information is registered to a data center.
And (3) performance measurement: the boars and sows after the nursery are put into a measuring house, the boars and sows in the fattening period are measured in the measuring house (30kg begins), and abnormal individuals are removed in the measuring period; at the end of the measurement (end of 115 kg), the results of the measurements were taken on boars and sows to measure the indices such as body weight, backfat and eye muscle area. The information is registered to a data center.
Selecting and reserving: and selecting excellent individuals according to the comprehensive selection index information provided by the data center and combining the appearance score, wherein unselected individuals are sold.
And (3) breeding pig renewal: the selected individuals become reserve boars after the determination is finished, and the reserve boars enter a boar station to replace old boars with poor performance; the replacement gilt enters a core group of the sow to replace the sow with high gestational age and poor performance, and the boar renewal is completed.
2. Core breeding farm sow matching
The core group breeding sow oestrous: and (4) performing oestrus detection on the core group weaning sow and the back-bred sow, determining the breed and the ear number information of the oestrus sow, and submitting the information to a data center.
And (3) guiding and matching by the data center: the data center screens out the boars which are most matched with the oestrus sows according to the information of the oestrus sows, such as the breed, the blood relationship, the breeding value, the genome and the like, and the use condition of the boars.
And (3) selecting and matching: and the boar station sends semen to a core breeding field according to the matching information of the data center, and the matching is completed in the field.
(II) boar station
And (3) reserve boar training: after the reserve boar enters the boar station, the boar is subjected to semen collection and adjustment, and successfully adjusted and taught to enter the breeding boar group.
Boar semen collection: semen collection is carried out on the boars according to a proper rhythm.
Semen dilution: fresh semen collected by boars is tested in a laboratory, and the semen with qualified quality is diluted into commercial semen and stored for later use.
And (3) elimination of breeding boars: according to the supplement condition of the reserved breeding boars and the indexes of the breeding performance, the genetic performance and the like of the boars, the old breeding boars are eliminated.
(III) selecting seeds and matching in customer field
1. Selection of seeds in customer's field
Primary selection: a certain amount of pure sows are fed in a client farm, the piglets of the sows which are bred purely are all earmarked once born, and the boars are not earmarked. And (4) primarily selecting a part of gilts by the gilts within one week according to the blood relationship, the dressing rate and the index information, and registering all the information to a data center. All piglets were castrated as pork pigs.
And (4) weaning and selecting: and (3) removing the individuals falling behind in the primary selected gilts according to the growth conditions during weaning, selecting and reserving the rest gilts, and registering all the information to a data center.
Nursing and selecting: weaned gilts enter a nursery house, individuals with abnormal growth are removed, and gilts with normal growth are selected and retained. The information is registered to a data center.
And (3) performance measurement: the sow after the nursing is put into a measuring house, the sow in the fattening period is measured in the measuring house (30kg begins), and the abnormal growing individual is removed in the measuring period; at the end of the measurement (end of 115 kg), the sow was subjected to measurement to measure indices such as body weight, backfat and eye muscle area. The information is registered to a data center.
Selecting and reserving: and selecting excellent individuals as replacement sows by using the comprehensive selection index information calculated by the data center and combining the appearance scores, wherein unselected individuals are sold.
And (3) breeding pig renewal: the replacement gilt enters a core group of the sow to replace the sow with high gestational age and poor performance, and the sow breeding update of the client farm is completed.
2. Selection and matching of pure sows in client farm
Oestrus of pure breeding sows: and (4) carrying out pure reproduction by the client farm as required, carrying out oestrus detection on the weaning pure sow and the reserve pure sow, and submitting the breed and the ear number information of the pure sow to be subjected to pure reproduction to the data center.
And (3) guiding and matching by the data center: the data center screens out the boars which are most matched with the oestrus sows according to the information of the variety, the blood relationship, the breeding value, the genome and the like of the oestrus sows and the use condition of the boars.
And (3) selecting and matching pure sows: and the boar station sends semen to a client field according to the matching information of the data center, and matching is completed in the field.
3. Customer field expanding and breeding selection
Oestrus of pure breeding sows: expanding propagation is carried out by a client farm as required, oestrus detection is carried out on weaning pure sows and reserve pure sows, and the breed and the ear number information of the oestrus pure sows to be expanded are submitted to a data center.
And (3) guiding and matching by the data center: and the data center screens out the boars which are most matched with the oestrous sows according to the information of the variety, the genome and the like of the oestrous sows and the use condition of the boars.
Carrying out propagation and selection: and the boar station sends semen to a client field according to the information of the data center, and matching is completed in the field.
4. Commercial pig production matching in client farm
Oestrus of the binary sow: and the client farm detects the oestrus of the weaning or replacement binary sows and submits the ear number information of the binary sows to a data center.
And (3) guiding and matching by the data center: the data center screens out the Duroc boars which are most matched with the oestrous binary sows according to the boar and sow genome and other information and by combining the service conditions of the boars.
Carrying out propagation and selection: and the boar station sends semen to a client field according to the information of the data center, and matching is completed in the field.
(IV) data center
1. And the database is used for collecting and managing phenotype data, genotype data, pedigree data, various environmental factor data and the like from a core breeding field, a boar station and a client field.
2. And the data analysis system is used for calculating various character breeding values, comprehensive selection indexes and various matching indexes.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A pig breeding method based on artificial insemination is characterized by comprising the following steps:
breeding through a first breeding field to obtain pure boars and pure sows, selecting seeds, recording information data of the pure boars and the pure sows as A, and submitting the information data to a data center;
sending the pure boars subjected to the breeding to a boar station for feeding and training to obtain boar essences, recording information data of the boar essences as B, and submitting the information data to the data center;
breeding in a second breeding field to obtain sows, selecting seeds, recording the information data of the pure sows as C, and submitting the information data to the data center;
wherein the first breeding farm and the second breeding farm are precisely matched according to the information data A, B and C provided by the data center.
2. A method of breeding pigs according to claim 1, characterized in that the information data comprises at least one of phenotype data, genotype data, pedigree data and environmental factor data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the breeding includes primary selection, weaning selection, nursery selection, performance measurement, selection, and swine renewal.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the preliminary selection uses criteria including: at least one of lineage number, selection strength, pit index and growth status.
5. A method of pig breeding according to claim 3, characterized in that the performance assay comprises: body weight measurement, backfat measurement and eye muscle area measurement.
6. A pig breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that the performance test is carried out when the weight of the pig to be tested is between 30 and 115 kg.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the swine renewal comprises: and (4) utilizing the selected and remained pure boars and pure sows to update the boars.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the precision matching comprises: pure breeding matching, expanding breeding matching and commercial pig production matching.
9. The pig breeding method of claim 1, wherein sows bred in the second breeding farm include gilts of true breeding, gilts of binary breeding, and gilts of ternary breeding.
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| CN202010699811.0A CN111955414A (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2020-07-17 | Pig breeding method based on artificial insemination |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050221322A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2005-10-06 | Fox James D | Multiple closed nucleus breeding for swine production |
| CN102823542A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-19 | 凯里市宏大牧业发展有限公司 | Breeding method of breeding pigs |
| CN108292385A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2018-07-17 | 农业生物信息有限责任公司 | Genomic techniques for agricultural production and performance management |
| CN112889744A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-06-04 | 广西贵港秀博基因科技股份有限公司 | Breeding method and breeding system |
-
2020
- 2020-07-17 CN CN202010699811.0A patent/CN111955414A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050221322A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2005-10-06 | Fox James D | Multiple closed nucleus breeding for swine production |
| CN102823542A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-19 | 凯里市宏大牧业发展有限公司 | Breeding method of breeding pigs |
| CN108292385A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2018-07-17 | 农业生物信息有限责任公司 | Genomic techniques for agricultural production and performance management |
| CN112889744A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-06-04 | 广西贵港秀博基因科技股份有限公司 | Breeding method and breeding system |
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