CN111945152A - A kind of preparation method of TiAlN coating on titanium alloy surface - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of TiAlN coating on titanium alloy surface Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明属于高温防护涂层的制备技术领域，特别涉及一种钛合金表面的TiAlN涂层的制备方法。以激光为能量源，利用送粉式激光快速成形设备，通过设置合理的工艺参数，以市售的TiAl粉作为原料，在喷丸处理后的钛合金基板上直接熔化沉积获得TiAlN涂层，得到的TiAlN涂层致密无缺陷，涂层中氮化物主要以枝晶的形式存在。本方法制备TiAlN涂层过程无需模具，涂层成形质量好，组织均匀，具有较好的综合力学性能。The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of high-temperature protective coatings, in particular to a preparation method of a TiAlN coating on the surface of a titanium alloy. Using laser as energy source, using powder-feeding laser rapid prototyping equipment, setting reasonable process parameters, and using commercially available TiAl powder as raw material, TiAlN coating was obtained by direct melting and deposition on the titanium alloy substrate after shot peening. The TiAlN coating is dense and defect-free, and the nitrides in the coating mainly exist in the form of dendrites. The process of preparing the TiAlN coating by the method does not need a mold, and the coating has good forming quality, uniform structure and good comprehensive mechanical properties.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于高温防护涂层的制备技术领域，涉及一种送粉式激光快速成形技术，特别涉及一种钛合金表面的TiAlN涂层的制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of high-temperature protective coatings, relates to a powder feeding type laser rapid forming technology, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a TiAlN coating on the surface of a titanium alloy.
背景技术Background technique
钛及钛合金由于其密度小、比强度高、耐腐蚀性强以及生物相容性好等特点，已经被广泛应用于航空、航天、交通、医疗、能源等领域。然而，钛及钛合金硬度低、耐磨性能差等不足使该类材料在很多情况下很难达到实际生产应用要求。因此，在不降低金属整体性能的前提下，改性、涂覆等表面强化技术是弥补这些致命弱点的有效途径。目前，在钛及钛合金表面制备具有高硬度、高耐磨性、高熔点、良好的热稳定性、优越的高温强度以及优异的化学惰性等特点的涂层已经引起国内外专家学者的广泛关注。氮化物硬质膜层具备拥有这些特点的潜力，已然成为国内外研究热点并被广泛应用。Titanium and titanium alloys have been widely used in aviation, aerospace, transportation, medical, energy and other fields due to their low density, high specific strength, strong corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility. However, the low hardness and poor wear resistance of titanium and titanium alloys make it difficult for these materials to meet the actual production and application requirements in many cases. Therefore, without reducing the overall performance of the metal, surface strengthening technologies such as modification and coating are an effective way to make up for these fatal weaknesses. At present, the preparation of coatings with high hardness, high wear resistance, high melting point, good thermal stability, superior high temperature strength and excellent chemical inertness on the surface of titanium and titanium alloys has attracted extensive attention from experts and scholars at home and abroad. . Nitride hard coatings have the potential to possess these characteristics, and have become a research hotspot at home and abroad and are widely used.
目前已形成产业化且广泛应用的钛及钛合金表面氮化物硬质涂层为TiN涂层。该涂层具备良好的耐磨性能和机械性能，但是当使用温度达到临界氧化温度时，该涂层会快速氧化失效进而失去防护能力。TiAlN涂层作为TiN涂层最具有前景的代替材料，其高温硬度、高温稳定性、高温抗氧化性、高温耐磨性均优于TiN涂层，已得到国内外专家学者的广泛关注。At present, the industrialized and widely used nitride hard coating on the surface of titanium and titanium alloys is TiN coating. The coating has good wear resistance and mechanical properties, but when the service temperature reaches the critical oxidation temperature, the coating will rapidly oxidize and lose its protective ability. As the most promising alternative material for TiN coating, TiAlN coating is superior to TiN coating in high temperature hardness, high temperature stability, high temperature oxidation resistance and high temperature wear resistance, and has received extensive attention from domestic and foreign experts and scholars.
专利(CN00136042.6)采用阴极离子镀技术先沉积TiAl合金涂层，再进行渗氮，得到Al-(Ti,Al)N-TiN无界面梯度涂层。专利(CN200510046367.8)用多弧离子镀技术，通过调整涂层靶材中的Al含量，得到多层TiAlN/TiN涂层。多弧离子镀即为阴极离子镀，其原理是当真空室内气压降低至一定程度时，金属靶材发生蒸发电离形成离子、电子等粒子，在磁场和电场的作用下，直接沉积或者与工件表面附近气体发生反应随后沉积至工件表面形成涂层。该方法金属离化率高，设备简单，但是受到密闭空间的限制，工件尺寸受限，涂层表面粗糙度高，涂层厚度较薄(一般至多几十微米)，不适合低熔点阴极材料。The patent (CN00136042.6) uses cathode ion plating technology to deposit TiAl alloy coating first, and then carry out nitriding to obtain Al-(Ti,Al)N-TiN non-interface gradient coating. The patent (CN200510046367.8) uses multi-arc ion plating technology to obtain a multilayer TiAlN/TiN coating by adjusting the Al content in the coating target. Multi-arc ion plating is cathodic ion plating. The principle is that when the air pressure in the vacuum chamber is reduced to a certain level, the metal target will evaporate and ionize to form ions, electrons and other particles. Nearby gases react and deposit on the workpiece surface to form a coating. The method has high metal ionization rate and simple equipment, but is limited by the confined space, the size of the workpiece is limited, the surface roughness of the coating is high, and the coating thickness is thin (generally at most tens of microns), which is not suitable for low-melting cathode materials.
因此，开发出一种能够解决上述问题的TiAlN涂层制备方法非常有必要。Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a preparation method of TiAlN coating that can solve the above problems.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明针对上述问题，提供了一种以高能激光束为热源，在钛合金表面制备TiAlN涂层的方法。In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing a TiAlN coating on the surface of a titanium alloy by using a high-energy laser beam as a heat source.
为解决此技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：In order to solve this technical problem, the technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种钛合金表面的TiAlN涂层的制备方法，采用送粉式激光成形技术在钛合金表面制备TiAlN涂层，涂层中氮化物主要以枝晶的形式存在，制备过程包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a TiAlN coating on the surface of a titanium alloy. A powder feeding laser forming technology is used to prepare a TiAlN coating on the surface of the titanium alloy. Nitride in the coating mainly exists in the form of dendrites. The preparation process includes the following steps:
步骤一、将钛合金基板进行喷丸处理，使其一面应力状态为压应力状态；Step 1, subjecting the titanium alloy substrate to shot peening, so that the stress state on one side is a compressive stress state;
步骤二、将粒度均匀的TiAl粉末置于激光快速成形系统的送粉器中，以一定比例的氮气和氩气的混合气体为载粉气体和保护气；Step 2, place the TiAl powder with uniform particle size in the powder feeder of the laser rapid prototyping system, and use a mixture of nitrogen and argon in a certain proportion as the powder carrier gas and the protective gas;
步骤三、激光和粉末同轴送出，并同步移动，且仅在一个方向上扫描一个道次，在激光作用下，TiAl粉末在成形基板上熔化形成熔池，并与氮气发生反应；随着粉末与激光向前运动，熔池凝固，形成一个道次的涂层；Step 3. The laser and the powder are sent out coaxially, and move synchronously, and only scan one pass in one direction. Under the action of the laser, the TiAl powder melts on the forming substrate to form a molten pool, and reacts with nitrogen; Moving forward with the laser, the molten pool solidifies to form a layer of coating;
步骤四、粉末和激光的同轴头沿垂直于步骤三的涂覆方向移动道次间距，重复步骤三获得另一道次的涂层；Step 4. The coaxial heads of the powder and the laser move the pass spacing perpendicular to the coating direction of Step 3, and repeat Step 3 to obtain another pass of coating;
步骤五、重复步骤四，直到所需面积的TiAlN涂层制备完成，待涂层温度降至室温后取出，得到表面具有TiAlN涂层的钛合金。Step 5: Repeat step 4 until the preparation of the TiAlN coating of the required area is completed, and take out the coating after the temperature of the coating has dropped to room temperature to obtain a titanium alloy with a TiAlN coating on the surface.
步骤二中混合气体中的氮气占比为20％～80％。In the second step, the proportion of nitrogen in the mixed gas is 20% to 80%.
优选地，步骤二中TiAl粉末的平均粒径为50～100μm。Preferably, the average particle size of the TiAl powder in the second step is 50-100 μm.
优选地，步骤一中喷丸采用铸钢丸介质干喷法，喷丸强度为0.15～0.30mmA，覆盖率为200％。Preferably, in the first step, the shot peening adopts a medium dry peening method of cast steel shot, the shot peening intensity is 0.15-0.30 mmA, and the coverage rate is 200%.
优选地，步骤二中载粉气体流速为5～10L/min，保护气流速为10～30L/min。Preferably, in step 2, the flow rate of the powder-carrying gas is 5-10L/min, and the flow rate of the protective gas is 10-30L/min.
优选地，步骤三中送粉速率为5～15g/min。Preferably, the powder feeding rate in step 3 is 5-15 g/min.
优选地，步骤三中激光功率为500～1500W，激光处于离焦状态，离焦距离为3～15mm，激光扫描速率为800～1500mm/min。Preferably, in step 3, the laser power is 500-1500W, the laser is in a defocused state, the defocusing distance is 3-15 mm, and the laser scanning rate is 800-1500 mm/min.
优选地，步骤四中道次间距为0.2～0.6mm。Preferably, in step 4, the pass spacing is 0.2-0.6 mm.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明采用送粉式激光快速成形技术在钛合金表面制备TiAlN涂层。以市售的TiAl粉末作为原料，并以一定比例的氮气和氩气的混合气体为载粉气体和保护气，通过激光作用，在钛合金基体表面发生反应形成TiAlN涂层。采用喷丸处理的钛合金作为基板，改善了涂覆后发生开裂的问题。过程中涂层与基体发生冶金反应，具有较高的结合力，涂层的使用寿命提高。采用激光作为涂覆热源，基体的热变形小，进一步缓解涂层开裂问题。涂层中氮化物主要以枝晶的形式存在，分布均匀，且由于激光作用深度深，可制得较厚涂层(可达几百微米)。本发明可以通过改变激光条件(激光功率、扫描速度等)和气体条件(氮气和氩气比例、气体流速等)控制氮化层深度，并且涂层制备效率高，可在大气环境下进行涂层制备，具有广阔的应用前景。The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention adopts the powder feeding laser rapid prototyping technology to prepare the TiAlN coating on the surface of the titanium alloy. Commercially available TiAl powder is used as raw material, and a mixture of nitrogen and argon in a certain proportion is used as the carrier gas and protective gas, and the TiAlN coating is formed by the reaction on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate through the action of laser. The use of shot-peened titanium alloy as the substrate improves the problem of cracking after coating. During the process, the metallurgical reaction occurs between the coating and the substrate, which has a high bonding force, and the service life of the coating is increased. Using the laser as the coating heat source, the thermal deformation of the substrate is small, which further alleviates the problem of coating cracking. Nitride in the coating mainly exists in the form of dendrites with uniform distribution, and due to the deep laser action depth, thicker coatings (up to several hundreds of microns) can be obtained. The invention can control the depth of the nitrided layer by changing the laser conditions (laser power, scanning speed, etc.) and gas conditions (the ratio of nitrogen and argon, gas flow rate, etc.), and the coating preparation efficiency is high, and the coating can be carried out in the atmospheric environment preparation, has broad application prospects.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下，所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
下面将详细描述本发明实施例的各个方面的特征。在下面的详细描述中，提出了许多具体的细节，以便对本发明的全面理解。但是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，很明显的是，本发明也可以在不需要这些具体细节的情况下就可以实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本发明的示例对本发明更好的理解。本发明不限于下面所提供的任何具体设置和方法，而是覆盖了不脱离本发明精神的前提下所覆盖的所有的产品结构、方法的任何改进、替换等。The features of various aspects of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only for a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the invention. The present invention is not limited to any specific arrangements and methods provided below, but covers all product structures, any improvements, substitutions, and the like of methods covered without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
在下面的描述中，没有示出公知的结构和技术，以避免对本发明造成不必要的模糊。本发明的钛合金表面的TiAlN涂层的制备方法具体实施例如下：In the following description, well-known structures and techniques are not shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention. The specific embodiment of the preparation method of the TiAlN coating on the titanium alloy surface of the present invention is as follows:
实施例1Example 1
(1)将市售的TiAl粉经过金属筛筛分，获得平均粒度为80μm的TiAl粉末；(1) sieving commercially available TiAl powder through a metal sieve to obtain TiAl powder with an average particle size of 80 μm;
(2)以100mm×100mm×5mm的TC4钛合金为成形基板，采用铸钢丸介质干喷法对基板进行喷丸处理，喷丸强度为0.25mmA，覆盖率为200％，使基板一面应力状态为压应力状态；(2) Using TC4 titanium alloy of 100mm×100mm×5mm as the forming substrate, the substrate is shot peened by cast steel shot medium dry spraying method, the shot peening intensity is 0.25mmA, and the coverage rate is 200%, so that one side of the substrate is in a state of stress. is the state of compressive stress;
(3)将步骤(1)获得的TiAl粉末至于激光快速成形系统的送粉器中，以氮气和氩气的混合气体作为载粉气体和保护气，通过调整氮气和氩气的流速，将混合气体中氮气占比调整为60％，载粉气流流速为8L/min，保护气流速为25L/min；(3) Put the TiAl powder obtained in step (1) into the powder feeder of the laser rapid prototyping system, use the mixed gas of nitrogen and argon as the powder carrier gas and the protective gas, and adjust the flow rate of nitrogen and argon to mix the The proportion of nitrogen in the gas is adjusted to 60%, the flow rate of the carrier gas flow is 8L/min, and the flow rate of the shielding gas is 25L/min;
(4)激光和粉末同轴送出，并同步移动，且尽在一个方向上扫描一个道次，送粉速率为10g/min，激光功率为600W，激光处于离焦状态，离焦距离为5mm，激光扫描速率为900mm/min，在激光作用下，TiAl粉末在成形基板上熔化形成熔池，并与氮气发生反应。随着粉末与激光向前运动，熔池凝固，形成涂层；(4) The laser and powder are sent coaxially, and move synchronously, and scan one pass in one direction, the powder feeding rate is 10g/min, the laser power is 600W, the laser is in the defocus state, and the defocus distance is 5mm. The laser scanning rate is 900mm/min. Under the action of the laser, the TiAl powder melts on the forming substrate to form a molten pool, and reacts with nitrogen gas. As the powder and the laser move forward, the molten pool solidifies to form a coating;
(5)粉末和激光的同轴头沿垂直于步骤(4)的涂覆方向移动一定距离(即道次间距)，道次间距为0.4mm，重复步骤(4)获得另一道次的涂层；(5) The coaxial heads of the powder and the laser move a certain distance along the coating direction perpendicular to the step (4) (that is, the pass spacing), the pass spacing is 0.4 mm, and repeat the step (4) to obtain another pass of coating ;
(6)重复步骤(5)，直到制备完成面积为100mm×100mm的TiAlN涂层，待涂层温度降至室温后去除，得到表面具有TiAlN涂层的TC4钛合金。(6) Step (5) is repeated until a TiAlN coating with an area of 100 mm×100 mm is prepared, and the coating temperature is reduced to room temperature and then removed to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy with a TiAlN coating on the surface.
实施例2Example 2
(1)将市售的TiAl粉经过金属筛筛分，获得平均粒度为90μm的TiAl粉末；(1) sieving commercially available TiAl powder through a metal sieve to obtain TiAl powder with an average particle size of 90 μm;
(2)以100mm×100mm×5mm的TC4钛合金为成形基板，采用铸钢丸介质干喷法对基板进行喷丸处理，喷丸强度为0.2mmA，覆盖率为200％，使基板一面应力状态为压应力状态；(2) Using TC4 titanium alloy of 100mm×100mm×5mm as the forming substrate, the substrate is shot peened by cast steel shot medium dry spraying method, the shot peening intensity is 0.2mmA, and the coverage rate is 200%, so that one side of the substrate is in a state of stress. is the state of compressive stress;
(3)将步骤(1)获得的TiAl粉末至于激光快速成形系统的送粉器中，以氮气和氩气的混合气体作为载粉气体和保护气，通过调整氮气和氩气的流速，将混合气体中氮气占比调整为40％，载粉气流流速为6L/min，保护气流速为20L/min；(3) Put the TiAl powder obtained in step (1) into the powder feeder of the laser rapid prototyping system, use the mixed gas of nitrogen and argon as the powder carrier gas and the protective gas, and adjust the flow rate of nitrogen and argon to mix the The proportion of nitrogen in the gas was adjusted to 40%, the flow rate of the carrier powder was 6L/min, and the flow rate of the shielding gas was 20L/min;
(4)激光和粉末同轴送出，并同步移动，且尽在一个方向上扫描一个道次，送粉速率为7.5g/min，激光功率为800W，激光处于离焦状态，离焦距离为8mm，激光扫描速率为1000mm/min，在激光作用下，TiAl粉末在成形基板上熔化形成熔池，并与氮气发生反应。随着粉末与激光向前运动，熔池凝固，形成涂层；(4) The laser and powder are sent coaxially, and move synchronously, and scan one pass in one direction. The powder feeding rate is 7.5g/min, the laser power is 800W, the laser is in the defocus state, and the defocus distance is 8mm. , the laser scanning rate is 1000mm/min. Under the action of the laser, the TiAl powder melts on the forming substrate to form a molten pool, and reacts with nitrogen gas. As the powder and the laser move forward, the molten pool solidifies to form a coating;
(5)粉末和激光的同轴头沿垂直于步骤(4)的涂覆方向移动一定距离(即道次间距)，道次间距为0.3mm，重复步骤(4)获得另一道次的涂层；(5) The coaxial heads of the powder and the laser move a certain distance along the coating direction perpendicular to the step (4) (that is, the pass spacing), the pass spacing is 0.3 mm, and repeat the step (4) to obtain another pass of coating ;
(6)重复步骤(5)，直到制备完成面积为100mm×100mm的TiAlN涂层，待涂层温度降至室温后去除，得到表面具有TiAlN涂层的TC4钛合金。(6) Step (5) is repeated until a TiAlN coating with an area of 100 mm×100 mm is prepared, and the coating temperature is reduced to room temperature and then removed to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy with a TiAlN coating on the surface.
本发明通过改变激光条件(激光功率、扫描速度等)和气体条件(氮气和氩气比例、气体流速等)控制氮化层深度，在上述实施例中可制得200μm的TiAlN涂层，相比于现有技术，涂层制备效率高，涂层综合性能(强度、膜基结合力)更好。The present invention controls the depth of the nitrided layer by changing the laser conditions (laser power, scanning speed, etc.) and gas conditions (the ratio of nitrogen and argon, gas flow rate, etc.). Compared with the prior art, the coating preparation efficiency is high, and the comprehensive performance of the coating (strength, film-base bonding force) is better.
最后应该说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可以轻易想到各种等效的修改或者替换，这些修改或者替换都应该涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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