CN111900763A - Demand side intelligent control method and system based on distributed energy - Google Patents
Demand side intelligent control method and system based on distributed energy Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
- H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a demand side intelligent control method and system based on distributed energy, comprising the following steps: s1, adjusting the working point of the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to work near the maximum power point; s2, improving the charge state of the photovoltaic cell; s3, adjusting the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to maintain the maximum power point and the optimal state of charge for power supply; and S4, constructing an energy management system at a demand side, and adjusting the load working state of a power supply object. Firstly, adjusting the working point of the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to work near the maximum power point; then, the charge state of the photovoltaic cell is improved; the photovoltaic cell is kept at the maximum power point and the optimal charge state for power supply; and then, the energy management system is utilized to adjust the load working state of the power supply object, so that the power utilization cost can be greatly saved, on one hand, the power utilization cost on the demand side is reduced, on the other hand, the economical efficiency of the power grid is improved, and the economic benefit is obtained to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed energy systems, in particular to a demand side intelligent control method and system based on distributed energy.
Background
With the rapid development of the distributed energy form, the large-scale distributed power generation grid connection brings many influences and challenges to the power system, and the problems are generally solved through researches on the aspects of a distributed energy power generation technology, a power electronic technology, an energy storage technology and the like. And the change of environment and load often makes the economy unable to be satisfied in the process of regulation and control, is unfavorable for the development of smart power grids. According to analysis, at present, many distributed photovoltaic power generation projects in China lack reasonable planning on matching of a distributed power supply and a load, installed capacity is pursued on one side, most of the installed capacity is engineered by available area, and a series of problems that the load is not matched, the operation is not economical and the like are found in practical application are solved.
The invention patent application with the application number of 'CN 201810182425.7' discloses a distributed energy system based on energy supply of a demand side and a control method, and the system comprises an energy demand side, prime mover equipment, waste heat refrigerating/heating equipment, waste heat power generation equipment, a flue gas flow distribution device, a main control system, a flue gas flow distribution control circuit, a prime mover control circuit and an energy demand feedback circuit; the main control system is connected with the prime motor equipment, the prime motor equipment is connected with the smoke flow distribution device, and the main control system is connected with the smoke flow distribution device; the flue gas flow distribution device is respectively connected with the waste heat refrigerating/heating equipment and the waste heat power generation equipment, the waste heat refrigerating/heating equipment and the waste heat power generation equipment are both connected with the energy demand side, and the energy demand side is connected with the main control system. In the patent scheme of the invention, various loads need a power supply system for supplying power, the power supply system usually supplies power based on a photovoltaic cell, and the patent scheme does not ensure that the power supply system is in an optimal working state, so that certain energy loss is inevitably caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a demand side intelligent control method and system based on distributed energy to solve the problem that a power supply system cannot be in an optimal working state during power supply.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
a demand side intelligent control method based on distributed energy comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the working point of the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to work near the maximum power point;
s2, improving the charge state of the photovoltaic cell;
s3, adjusting the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to maintain the maximum power point and the optimal state of charge for power supply;
and S4, constructing an energy management system at a demand side, and adjusting the load working state of a power supply object.
Firstly, adjusting the working point of the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to work near the maximum power point; then, the charge state of the photovoltaic cell is improved; the photovoltaic cell is kept at the maximum power point and the optimal charge state for power supply; and then, the energy management system is utilized to adjust the load working state of the power supply object, so that the power utilization cost can be greatly saved, on one hand, the power utilization cost on the demand side is reduced, on the other hand, the economical efficiency of the power grid is improved, and the economic benefit is obtained to the maximum extent.
As a further scheme of the invention: the step S1 includes:
s11, converting the photovoltaic cell into an equivalent circuit;
and S12, acquiring a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic cell, and adjusting the working state of the photovoltaic cell according to the power-voltage curve to enable the photovoltaic cell to be under the maximum power point.
As a further scheme of the invention: the step S11 includes:
equivalent circuit includes ampere meter, diode VD, resistance Rsh, resistance Rs, resistance R, the anodal positive pole of ampere meter and the anodal electric connection of diode VD, the negative pole of ampere meter and the negative pole electric connection of diode VD, just resistance Rsh connects in parallel at the both ends of diode VD, the anodal one end electric connection with resistance Rs still of diode VD, the other end and resistance R's the one end electric connection of resistance Rs, resistance R's the other end and diode VD's negative pole electric connection.
As a further scheme of the invention: the step S12 includes:
calculating the output current of the load by using a formula (1);
I=Iph-Id-Ish(1)
wherein I is the output current flowing through the load, IphIs the photo-generated current which is in direct proportion to the intensity of sunlight; i isshIs the leakage current of the solar photovoltaic cell; i isdIs a reaction ofphCurrent in opposite directions;
determining I by the formula (2)d:
I0Is a reverse saturation current, q isElectronic load, K is Boltzmann constant (1.38X 10-23J/K), T is absolute temperature (T +273K), A is ideal factor of PN junction, R isshFor photovoltaic cells connected in parallel with a resistor, RsThe photovoltaic cell series resistor is a photovoltaic cell series resistor, U is output voltage, 1 is a constant, and exp is an exponential function with a natural constant e as a base;
wherein I is determined by the formula (3)sh:
Substituting the formula (2) and the formula (3) into the formula (1) to obtain:
the output power of the photovoltaic cell is equal to the product of the output current and the output voltage, a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic cell is obtained in a simulation mode, and the photovoltaic cell is adjusted to be close to the maximum power point according to the power-voltage curve.
As a further scheme of the invention: the step S2 includes:
calculating the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell by using the formula (5);
in the formula: SOC (t) is the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell energy storage at the time t; eb(t) represents the residual electric quantity of the photovoltaic cell during the time t; ebnIs the rated capacity of the photovoltaic cell.
As a further scheme of the invention: the step S2 further includes:
and (3) calculating the rated capacity of the photovoltaic cell by using the formula (6):
wherein Q is daily electric quantity (kW.h); d is the number of days supported; eta1Converter efficiency; eta2The battery charge-discharge efficiency; k is a temperature correction coefficient; s is the depth of discharge.
As a further scheme of the invention: the energy management system includes:
an interface module;
the data acquisition module is in communication connection with the interface module;
the environment sensing module is in communication connection with the interface module;
the input end of the energy measuring module is respectively in communication connection with the data acquisition module and the output end of the environment sensing module;
and the input end of the load control module is in communication connection with the output end of the energy measurement module.
As a further scheme of the invention: the energy measurement module comprises a first controller, a wireless module and a relay, wherein the output end of the first controller is in communication connection with the input end of the wireless module, and the output end of the wireless module is in communication connection with the input end of the relay;
the first controller obtains voltage and current, calculates data such as active power, reactive power and frequency, and transmits the data to the load control module through the wireless module and the relay.
As a further scheme of the invention: the load control module comprises a power supply module, a second controller and an equipment interface, wherein the output end of the power supply module is in communication connection with the input end of the second controller, and the output end of the second controller is in communication connection with the input end of the equipment interface.
A control system based on the demand side intelligent control method based on the distributed energy comprises the following steps:
the adjusting module is used for adjusting the working point of the photovoltaic cell so that the photovoltaic cell works near the maximum power point;
an increasing module for increasing the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell;
the power supply module is used for adjusting the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to be kept at the maximum power point and the optimal state of charge, and the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power;
and the adjusting module is used for constructing an energy management system at a demand side and adjusting the load working state of a power supply object.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. firstly, adjusting the working point of a photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to work near the maximum power point; then, the charge state of the photovoltaic cell is improved; the photovoltaic cell is kept at the maximum power point and the optimal charge state for power supply; the photovoltaic cell is in the best operating condition to can supply power better, then utilize energy management system adjustment power supply object's load operating condition, can practice thrift the power consumption cost greatly like this, make the power consumption cost reduction of demand side on the one hand, on the other hand has improved the economic type of electric wire netting, the maximize obtains economic benefits.
2. According to the invention, the photovoltaic cell at the maximum power point can be conveniently obtained by calculating the power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic cell.
3. According to the invention, the discharge efficiency of the photovoltaic cell is improved by calculating the charge state of the photovoltaic cell.
4. On the basis of meeting the demand principle, the invention aims at maximizing the economic benefit at the demand side, and adopts an intelligent control method to control the load operation mode, the power utilization time, the reasonable consumption, the multipurpose off-peak power and the season power saving of the load in the area, thereby bringing a more reliable and energy-saving power utilization mode for users, reducing the power utilization cost at the demand side, improving the economy of a power grid, obtaining the economic benefit to the maximum extent, further optimizing the national power resource allocation, reducing the discharge amount of boiler smoke dust during peak power generation, generating wide application prospect and higher economic value, and overcoming the problems of load mismatching and uneconomic operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a demand-side intelligent control method based on distributed energy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a demand-side intelligent control system based on distributed energy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an energy management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy measurement module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a load control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plot of the current-voltage characteristics of photovoltaic cells provided by examples of the present invention (solar intensity 1KW/m2, temperature 25 deg.C).
Fig. 8 is a graph of the power characteristics of a photovoltaic cell provided by an example of the present invention (solar intensity 1KW, temperature 25 ℃).
In the figure, 1, an interface module; 2. a data acquisition module; 3. an environment sensing module; 4. an energy measurement module; 401. a first controller; 402. a wireless module; 403. a relay; 5. a load control module; 501. a power supply module; 502. a second controller; 503. an equipment interface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a distributed energy resource-based demand-side intelligent control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the working point of the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to work near the maximum power point;
s11, converting the photovoltaic cell into an equivalent circuit;
referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; equivalent circuit includes ampere meter, diode VD, resistance Rsh, resistance Rs, resistance R, the anodal positive pole of ampere meter and the anodal electric connection of diode VD, the negative pole of ampere meter and the negative pole electric connection of diode VD, just resistance Rsh connects in parallel at the both ends of diode VD, the anodal one end electric connection with resistance Rs still of diode VD, the other end and resistance R's the one end electric connection of resistance Rs, resistance R's the other end and diode VD's negative pole electric connection.
When the external illumination is constant, the current I is generated due to lightphThe current source does not change along with the change of the working state of the photovoltaic cell, and can be regarded as a constant current source in an equivalent circuit; connecting a resistor (i.e. load) R across the photovoltaic cell, IphWhen the current flows through the load, terminal voltage U is generated at two ends of the load, and the terminal voltage of the load reacts on a P-N junction of the photovoltaic cell to generate voltage IphCurrent I in opposite directiondThe leakage resistance R is formed by the tiny cracks of the photovoltaic cell and the metal electrode caused by the manufacturing processshIntroduction of a series resistance RsThe internal loss resistance of the equivalent photovoltaic cell panel;
s12, obtaining a photovoltaic cell power-voltage (P-V) curve
The equivalent circuit of the solar photovoltaic cell can be obtained
I=Iph-Id-Ish(1)
In the formula: i is the output current flowing through the load; i isphIs the photo-generated current which is in direct proportion to the intensity of sunlight; i isshIs the leakage current of the solar photovoltaic cell;
in the formula: i is0Is a reverse saturation current; q is an electronic load; k is Boltzmann constant (1.38X 10-23J/K); t is absolute temperature (T + 273K); a is PN junction ideal factor; rshThe photovoltaic cell is connected with a resistor in parallel; rsIs a series resistor of photovoltaic cell, U is output voltage, 1 is constant, exp is self-regulatedBut an exponential function with the constant e as the base.
Substituting the formula (2) and the formula (3) into the formula (1) to obtain:
since the photovoltaic cell is greatly affected by external factors (temperature, illumination intensity, etc.), the output characteristics are significantly nonlinear. The output current-voltage (I-V) curve of the photovoltaic cell is usually measured to be a single-knee curve, and the power-voltage (P-V) curve of the photovoltaic cell can be obtained through simulation according to the condition that the output power of the photovoltaic cell is equal to the product of the output current and the output voltage; and adjusting the photovoltaic cell to be near the maximum power point according to the curve.
The power-voltage (P-V) curves of the photovoltaic cells are obtained through simulation as shown in fig. 7 and fig. 8, wherein fig. 7 is a voltage-current characteristic curve (sunshine intensity 1KW/m2, temperature 25 ℃) of the photovoltaic cells provided by the embodiment of the invention, and fig. 8 is a power characteristic curve (sunshine intensity 1KW, temperature 25 ℃) of the photovoltaic cells provided by the embodiment of the invention.
S2, improving the charge state of the photovoltaic cell, and further improving the discharge efficiency of the photovoltaic cell;
the energy storage unit can adjust the power output of the photovoltaic power generation system in the distributed photovoltaic system, so that the impact of a power grid is reduced, and the stable operation of the power system is kept; on the other hand, peak clipping and valley filling can be realized, electric quantity is automatically stored and released according to the requirements of economy and load, and the economic stable operation of the system is improved. Therefore, the establishment of an energy storage system is very important for the design of a distributed photovoltaic power generation system.
At present, common energy storage types are divided into mechanical energy storage, electromagnetic energy storage, electrochemical energy storage, thermal energy storage and the like, and because the energy storage modes of each energy storage type are different, the performance of the energy storage technology under different energy storage types is also different.
Calculating the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell by using the formula (5);
in the formula: SOC (t) is the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell energy storage at the time t; eb(t) represents the residual electric quantity of the photovoltaic cell during the time t; ebnIs the rated capacity of the photovoltaic cell.
Calculating the rated capacity of the required photovoltaic cell by using the formula (6);
in the formula: q is daily electric quantity (kW.h); d is the number of days supported; eta1Converter efficiency; eta2The battery charge-discharge efficiency; k is a temperature correction coefficient; s is the depth of discharge (generally 60-70%);
s3, adjusting the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to be kept at the maximum power point and the optimal state of charge, and supplying power by using a photovoltaic power generation system formed based on the photovoltaic cell;
the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic square matrix (the photovoltaic square matrix is formed by connecting photovoltaic modules in series and parallel), a controller, a storage battery and a direct current/alternating current inverter:
the photovoltaic component, the controller module, the inverter and the AC load are electrically connected in sequence, meanwhile, the controller is also electrically connected with the storage battery, the inverter is also electrically connected with the DC load,
the core component of the photovoltaic power generation system is a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module is formed by connecting photovoltaic cells in series, in parallel and packaging, solar energy is directly converted into electric energy, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic module is direct current and can also be converted into alternating current by an inverter for utilization, and then the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic system can be used after being sent out, and can also be stored by energy storage devices such as storage batteries and the like and can be released for use at any time according to requirements.
And S4, constructing an energy management system at a demand side, and adjusting the working state of the equipment.
In the embodiment, an office building is taken as an example, according to the load characteristics of the office building, the working day is Monday to Friday, the working time is stable, the electric load is stable, only the load condition of an office place is considered, and the main loads are two types of air conditioners and lighting; XXX, consisting of photovoltaic cells, powers the office building.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a block diagram of an energy management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the energy management system includes:
an interface module 1;
the data acquisition module 2 is in communication connection with the interface module 1;
the environment sensing module 3 is in communication connection with the interface module 1;
the input end of the energy measuring module 4 is respectively in communication connection with the output ends of the data acquisition module 2 and the environment sensing module 3;
and the input end of the load control module 5 is mutually communicated and connected with the output end of the energy measurement module 4.
The interface module 1 is used for monitoring the running state of the load equipment, and displaying the electrical state parameters, current environment information, fault alarm information and the like of the load equipment in real time;
the data acquisition module 2 is used for acquiring signals such as current, voltage and the like;
the environment sensing module 3 is used for collecting information such as current environment temperature, illumination, personnel number and the like, and intelligently regulating and controlling the temperature and illumination condition of the air conditioner by combining the current output condition of the photovoltaic cell;
the energy measuring module 4 is used for measuring and counting parameters of the electric equipment, including information such as voltage, current, active power, reactive power and frequency, and displaying the information through the interface module 1;
the load control module 5 intelligently controls the operation state of the electric equipment according to the power generation condition of the photovoltaic cell, and the embodiment mainly controls two types of office loads, namely air conditioning and lighting.
Further, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy measurement module according to an embodiment of the present invention; the energy measurement module 4 comprises a first controller 401, a wireless module 402 and a relay 403, wherein an output end of the first controller 401 is in communication connection with an input end of the wireless module 402, and an output end of the wireless module 402 is in communication connection with an input end of the relay 403;
the first controller 401 is configured to obtain signals such as voltage and current, calculate data such as active power, reactive power, and frequency, and transmit the data to the load control module 5 through the wireless module 402 and the relay 403.
Further, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a load control module according to an embodiment of the present invention; the load control module 5 comprises a power module 501, a second controller 502 and an equipment interface 503, wherein an output end of the power module 501 is in communication connection with an input end of the second controller 502, and an output end of the second controller 502 is in communication connection with an input end of the equipment interface 503;
the second controller 502 can combine the current temperature and humidity information collected in step 3 with the photovoltaic output condition, and give a control instruction of an optimal temperature, wind power and working mode, so as to adjust the working state of step 503.
In this embodiment, the load control module 5 can not only turn on and off the load devices of the office building, but also intelligently control the working state of the electric devices by combining the current environmental information; illustratively, taking an air conditioner of an office building as an example, the state of the air conditioning equipment needs to be adjusted by the intelligent load control unit 5 according to the control instruction of the optimal temperature, wind power and working mode given by the current temperature and humidity information collected by the environment sensing module and the photovoltaic output condition.
The energy measuring module 4 obtains the voltage, current, active power and other data of the load, then continuously transmits the data to the server end of the user layer through a wireless link according to a preset period, the database management software of the server end is responsible for the management work of the data and can display the data to the user in real time through the monitoring software, the control command of the server end can implement reverse control to complete the operation of load control, and the supervision and adjustment of the load operation mode, the power utilization time, the reasonable consumption, the multipurpose low-ebb electricity and the electricity saving in seasons are realized.
The working principle is as follows: according to the invention, the photovoltaic cell is adjusted to supply power at the maximum power point and the optimal charge state, and then each load device is controlled, so that on the basis of meeting the demand principle, the load operation mode, the power utilization time, reasonable consumption, multi-purpose low-ebb electricity and season electricity saving of the load in the region are controlled by adopting an intelligent control method aiming at maximizing the economic benefit of the demand side, and a more reliable and energy-saving power utilization mode is brought to users.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a demand-side intelligent control system based on distributed energy according to an embodiment of the present invention; a control system based on the demand side intelligent control method based on the distributed energy comprises the following steps:
the adjusting module 10 is used for adjusting the working point of the photovoltaic cell so that the photovoltaic cell works near the maximum power point; and is also used for:
s11, converting the photovoltaic cell into an equivalent circuit;
the equivalent circuit comprises an ammeter, a diode VD, a resistor Rsh, a resistor Rs and a resistor R, wherein the anode of the ammeter is electrically connected with the anode of the diode VD, the cathode of the ammeter is electrically connected with the cathode of the diode VD, the resistor Rsh is connected in parallel at two ends of the diode VD, the anode of the diode VD is also electrically connected with one end of the resistor Rs, the other end of the resistor Rs is electrically connected with one end of the resistor R, and the other end of the resistor R is electrically connected with the cathode of the diode VD;
s12, acquiring a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic cell, and adjusting the working state of the photovoltaic cell according to the power-voltage curve to enable the photovoltaic cell to be under the maximum power point;
calculating the output current of the load by using a formula (1);
I=Iph-Id-Ish(1)
wherein I is an output current flowing through the load; i isphIs the photo-generated current which is in direct proportion to the intensity of sunlight; i isshIs the leakage current of the solar photovoltaic cell; i isdIs a reaction ofphCurrent in opposite directions;
determining I by the formula (2)d:
I0Is reverse saturation current, q is electronic load, K is Boltzmann constant (1.38X 10-23J/K), T is absolute temperature (T +273K), A is ideal factor of PN junction, R is inverse saturation currentshFor photovoltaic cells connected in parallel with a resistor, RsThe photovoltaic cell series resistance is provided, U is output voltage, 1 is a constant, and exp is an exponential function with a natural constant e as a base;
determining I by the formula (3)sh:
Substituting the formula (2) and the formula (3) into the formula (1) to obtain:
the output power of the photovoltaic cell is equal to the product of the output current and the output voltage, a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic cell is obtained in a simulation mode, and the photovoltaic cell is adjusted to be close to the maximum power point according to the power-voltage curve.
An increasing module 11 for increasing the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell; and is also used for:
calculating the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell by using the formula (5);
in the formula: SOC (t) is the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell energy storage at the time t; eb(t) represents the residual electric quantity of the photovoltaic cell during the time t; ebnThe rated capacity of the photovoltaic cell is obtained;
and (3) calculating the rated capacity of the photovoltaic cell by using the formula (6):
wherein Q is daily electric quantity (kW.h); d is the number of days supported; eta1Converter efficiency; eta2The battery charge-discharge efficiency; k is a temperature correction coefficient; s is depth of discharge
The power supply module 12 is used for adjusting the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to be kept at the maximum power point and in the optimal state of charge, and the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power;
the adjusting module 13 is used for constructing an energy management system on a demand side and adjusting the load working state of a power supply object;
the energy management system includes:
an interface module 1;
the data acquisition module 2 is in communication connection with the interface module 1;
the environment sensing module 3 is in communication connection with the interface module 1;
the input end of the energy measuring module 4 is respectively in communication connection with the output ends of the data acquisition module (2 and the environment sensing module 3;
the input end of the load control module 5 is in communication connection with the output end of the energy measurement module 4;
the energy measurement module 4 comprises a first controller 401, a wireless module 402 and a relay 403, wherein an output end of the first controller 401 is in communication connection with an input end of the wireless module 402, and an output end of the wireless module 402 is in communication connection with an input end of the relay 403;
the first controller 401 obtains voltage and current, calculates data such as active power, reactive power, frequency and the like, and transmits the data to the load control module 5 through the wireless module 402 and the relay 403;
the load control module 5 includes a power module 501, a second controller 502, and an equipment interface 503, where an output end of the power module 501 is communicatively connected to an input end of the second controller 502, and an output end of the second controller 502 is communicatively connected to an input end of the equipment interface 503.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A demand side intelligent control method based on distributed energy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adjusting the working point of the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to work near the maximum power point;
s2, improving the charge state of the photovoltaic cell;
s3, adjusting the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to maintain the maximum power point and the optimal state of charge for power supply;
and S4, constructing an energy management system at a demand side, and adjusting the load working state of a power supply object.
2. The distributed energy resource-based demand side intelligent control method according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 includes:
s11, converting the photovoltaic cell into an equivalent circuit;
and S12, acquiring a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic cell, and adjusting the working state of the photovoltaic cell according to the power-voltage curve to enable the photovoltaic cell to be under the maximum power point.
3. The distributed energy resource-based demand side intelligent control method according to claim 2, wherein the step S11 includes:
equivalent circuit includes ampere meter, diode VD, resistance Rsh, resistance Rs, resistance R, the anodal positive pole of ampere meter and the anodal electric connection of diode VD, the negative pole of ampere meter and the negative pole electric connection of diode VD, just resistance Rsh connects in parallel at the both ends of diode VD, the anodal one end electric connection with resistance Rs still of diode VD, the other end and resistance R's the one end electric connection of resistance Rs, resistance R's the other end and diode VD's negative pole electric connection.
4. The distributed energy resource-based demand side intelligent control method according to claim 3, wherein the step S12 includes:
calculating the output current of the load by using a formula (1);
I=Iph-Id-Ish(1)
wherein I is an output current flowing through the load; i isphIs the photo-generated current which is in direct proportion to the intensity of sunlight; i isshIs the leakage current of the solar photovoltaic cell; i isdIs a reaction ofphCurrent in opposite directions;
determining I by the formula (2)d:
I0Is reverse saturation current, q is electronic load, K is Boltzmann constant (1.38X 10-23J/K), T is absolute temperature (T +273K), A is ideal factor of PN junction, R is inverse saturation currentshAs a photovoltaic cellParallel resistance, RsThe photovoltaic cell series resistor is a photovoltaic cell series resistor, U is output voltage, 1 is a constant, and exp is an exponential function with a natural constant e as a base;
wherein I is determined by the formula (3)sh:
Substituting the formula (2) and the formula (3) into the formula (1) to obtain:
the output power of the photovoltaic cell is equal to the product of the output current and the output voltage, a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic cell is obtained in a simulation mode, and the photovoltaic cell is adjusted to be close to the maximum power point according to the power-voltage curve.
5. The distributed energy resource-based demand side intelligent control method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 includes:
calculating the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell by using the formula (5);
in the formula: SOC (t) is the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell energy storage at the time t; eb(t) represents the residual electric quantity of the photovoltaic cell during the time t; ebnIs the rated capacity of the photovoltaic cell.
6. The distributed energy resource-based demand side intelligent control method of claim 5,
the step S2 further includes:
and (3) calculating the rated capacity of the photovoltaic cell by using the formula (6):
wherein Q is daily electric quantity (kW.h); d is the number of days supported; eta1Converter efficiency; eta2The battery charge-discharge efficiency; k is a temperature correction coefficient; s is the depth of discharge.
7. The distributed energy resource-based demand side intelligent control method of claim 1, wherein the energy management system comprises:
an interface module (1);
the data acquisition module (2), the data acquisition module (2) and the interface module (1) are connected with each other in a communication manner;
the environment sensing module (3), the environment sensing module (3) and the interface module (1) are connected with each other in a communication way;
the input end of the energy measuring module (4) is respectively in communication connection with the output ends of the data acquisition module (2) and the environment sensing module (3);
the load control module (5), the input end of the load control module (5) and the output end of the energy measurement module (4) are connected with each other in a communication mode.
8. The distributed energy resource-based demand side intelligent control method according to claim 7, wherein the energy measurement module (4) comprises a first controller (401), a wireless module (402) and a relay (403), wherein an output end of the first controller (401) is connected with an input end of the wireless module (402) in a communication manner, and an output end of the wireless module (402) is connected with an input end of the relay (403) in a communication manner;
the first controller (401) obtains voltage and current, calculates data such as active power, reactive power and frequency, and transmits the data to the load control module (5) through the wireless module (402) and the relay (403).
9. The distributed energy resource-based demand side intelligent control method according to claim 7, wherein the load control module (5) comprises a power supply module (501), a second controller (502) and a device interface (503), wherein an output end of the power supply module (501) is connected with an input end of the second controller (502) in a communication manner, and an output end of the second controller (502) is connected with an input end of the device interface (503) in a communication manner.
10. A control system based on the distributed energy resource-based demand side intelligent control method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
the adjusting module is used for adjusting the working point of the photovoltaic cell so that the photovoltaic cell works near the maximum power point;
an increasing module for increasing the state of charge of the photovoltaic cell;
the power supply module is used for adjusting the photovoltaic cell to enable the photovoltaic cell to be kept at the maximum power point and the optimal state of charge, and the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power;
and the adjusting module is used for constructing an energy management system at a demand side and adjusting the load working state of a power supply object.
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