CN111900427B - Fuel cell stack and series-parallel connection method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack and series-parallel connection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111900427B CN111900427B CN201910372835.2A CN201910372835A CN111900427B CN 111900427 B CN111900427 B CN 111900427B CN 201910372835 A CN201910372835 A CN 201910372835A CN 111900427 B CN111900427 B CN 111900427B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2404—Processes or apparatus for grouping fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel cell stack and a serial-parallel connection method thereof, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells. The fuel cell unit is an independent electrochemical power generation functional unit and mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode, a hydrogen flow field plate, an insulating fixing piece and the like, wherein an oxygen inlet and an oxygen outlet are designed on the oxygen flow field plate, and a hydrogen inlet and an hydrogen outlet are formed on the hydrogen flow field plate. The fuel cell stack consists of a fuel cell monomer and an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, wherein the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is formed by combining three layers of metal forming parts and has the functions of distributing hydrogen and oxygen and cooling water channels; the fuel cell monomers are placed on the gas distribution plates, the oxyhydrogen gas inlets are respectively corresponding, and one layer of distribution plate can be provided with a plurality of monomers in parallel; and then stacked layer by layer to form a stack. The invention can connect the gas inlet and outlet of the fuel cell unit in parallel, and has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, capability of increasing the output current of the cell stack and good cooling effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel cell stack and a serial-parallel connection method thereof, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells.
Background
The lithium ion power battery is popularized and applied in the pure electric vehicle as an energy storage device, but the pure electric vehicle is only suitable for personal short-distance transportation due to long charging time and short driving range, and a very possible solution for a moving tool for future long-distance transportation focuses on a hydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cell system.
With the development of new energy technology and material technology, the bottleneck technology of preparing, storing and transporting hydrogen is solved; the preparation technology of the catalyst is advanced, the application loading capacity of the noble metal catalyst is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the application scene of the hydrogen fuel cell is expanded to form a scale effect, so that the cost of the fuel cell is greatly reduced; in addition, the national strategy of the important development of the fuel cell automobile is adopted, and the development of the fuel cell is fast in appearance.
A conventional fuel cell stack is composed of bipolar plates for serial connection, membrane electrodes, and sealing members. The bipolar plate is provided with a hydrogen supply channel, an oxygen supply channel and a cooling water channel, and the material comprises a metal bipolar plate, a graphite bipolar plate and a composite bipolar plate; the membrane electrode is formed by heat-sealing a hydrogen side diffusion layer, a catalytic layer, a proton exchange membrane, a catalytic layer and an oxygen diffusion layer; the bipolar plates, membrane electrodes and seals are secured together by connectors to form a fuel cell stack. The structure is characterized in that the membrane electrodes of the core part of the single fuel cell are connected in series through the bipolar plates, so that higher voltage can be provided for the outside, but the area of the membrane electrodes needs to be increased in order to improve larger current. Moreover, the manufacturing process of the bipolar plate in the traditional fuel cell structure is complicated, and the gas among the fuel cells cannot be connected in parallel, so that the output current of the cell stack cannot be increased well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel proton exchange membrane fuel cell monomer structure and a monomer gas channel parallel connection method thereof. The novel fuel cell unit mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode, a hydrogen flow field plate, an insulating fixing piece and the like, wherein an oxygen inlet and an oxygen outlet are designed on the oxygen flow field plate, and a hydrogen inlet and an hydrogen outlet are formed on the hydrogen flow field plate. The fuel cell stack consists of fuel cell units and oxyhydrogen gas distribution plates, can connect the gas inlets and outlets of the fuel cell units in parallel, and is a novel fuel cell stack structure. The structure of the invention provides a novel hydrogen, oxygen, heat management and cell stack assembling device, which is a brand-new electrochemical power source generating device compared with the original fuel cell stack structure.
The invention provides a fuel cell stack, which consists of a fuel cell unit and an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, wherein the fuel cell unit comprises a hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and an insulating fixing piece, the hydrogen flow field plate is provided with a hydrogen gas inlet and a hydrogen gas outlet, the oxygen flow field plate is provided with an oxygen gas inlet and an oxygen gas outlet, the fuel cell unit is arranged on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and the hydrogen gas inlets and the hydrogen gas outlets of a plurality of fuel cell units are respectively connected in parallel through one side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate; similarly, the oxygen inlets and the oxygen outlets of the fuel cells are respectively connected in parallel through the other side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and in terms of electric connection, wires are led out through the hydrogen flow field plate 1 or the oxygen flow field plate respectively for series-parallel connection, or the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is used as a conductor to connect the fuel cells of which the fuel cells are connected in parallel in series.
In addition, in the fuel cell stack, the insulating fixing member comprises an insulating sealing U-shaped pad and a metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip, the hydrogen flow field plate, the oxygen flow field plate and the membrane electrode are stacked together to form a laminated body, the insulating sealing U-shaped pad is arranged around the laminated body, the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip is clamped on the insulating sealing U-shaped pad, and the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip is extruded and deformed by applying mechanical pressure, so that the laminated body is fixed, insulated and sealed.
In addition, in the fuel cell stack, a hydrogen gas inlet and a hydrogen gas outlet are formed on the outer side of the hydrogen flow field plate, and the hydrogen gas flow field plate corresponds to an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline of a hydrogen channel on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate respectively, and the hydrogen gas flow field plate can be made of metal surface treatment, graphite and metal composite materials; an oxygen inlet and an oxygen outlet are formed in the outer side of the oxygen flow field plate and correspond to an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline of an oxygen channel on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate respectively, and the oxygen flow field plate can be made of metal surface treatment, graphite and metal composite materials.
In the fuel cell stack, the membrane electrode is formed by heat sealing a hydrogen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate, a catalytic layer, a proton exchange membrane, and an oxygen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate.
In the fuel cell stack, the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is composed of a hydrogen distribution plate, a common partition plate, and an oxygen distribution plate.
In addition, in the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen distribution plate is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, a plurality of hydrogen gas inlets, hydrogen gas outlets and common hydrogen inlets and outlets are arranged on the hydrogen distribution plate, and a liquid cooling channel and a cooling water inlet and outlet are formed; the oxygen distribution plate is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, a plurality of oxygen inlets, oxygen outlets and a public oxygen inlet are arranged on the oxygen distribution plate, and a liquid cooling channel and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are formed; the common partition plate is made of a metal plate with good welding performance, and the welding performance is the same as that of the distribution plate.
In addition, in the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen distribution plate, the common partition plate and the oxygen distribution plate are sequentially stacked and welded into a required sealing channel.
Finally, in the fuel cell stack, the plurality of hydrogen gas inlets and the plurality of hydrogen gas outlets on the hydrogen distribution plate correspond to the plurality of hydrogen gas inlets and the plurality of hydrogen gas outlets of the plurality of fuel cell monomers respectively, and the plurality of oxygen gas inlets and the plurality of oxygen gas outlets on the oxygen distribution plate correspond to the plurality of oxygen gas inlets and the plurality of oxygen gas outlets of the plurality of fuel cell monomers respectively.
The invention also provides a series-parallel connection method of the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack is composed of a fuel cell unit and an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, the fuel cell unit comprises a hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and an insulating fixing piece, a hydrogen gas inlet and a hydrogen gas outlet are arranged on the hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen gas inlet and an oxygen gas outlet are arranged on the oxygen flow field plate, and the series-parallel connection method of the fuel cell stack comprises the following steps: the hydrogen gas inlets and the hydrogen gas outlets of the fuel cell monomers are respectively connected in parallel through one side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate; similarly, the oxygen inlets and the oxygen outlets of the fuel cells are respectively connected in parallel through the other side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and in terms of electric connection, wires are led out through the hydrogen flow field plate 1 or the oxygen flow field plate respectively for series-parallel connection, or the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is used as a conductor to connect the fuel cells of which the fuel cells are connected in parallel in series. Stacked layer by layer and joined together by seals and bolts to form the fuel cell stack.
Each cell unit (monomer) is an independent electrochemical power generation functional unit and mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and a hydrogen flow field plate, wherein the membrane electrode is formed by contacting a non-coating area of a positive and negative current collector with the hydrogen or oxygen flow field plate respectively; the flow field plate can be formed by stamping metal and surface treatment to solve electrochemical corrosion, and can be contacted with a membrane electrode to ensure minimum serial resistance by welding or extrusion contact, or can be formed by graphite materials or composite materials; the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is formed by combining three layers of metal forming parts and has the functions of distributing hydrogen and oxygen and cooling water channels; the fuel cell monomers are arranged on the gas distribution plates, the oxyhydrogen gas inlets respectively correspond to each other, and one layer of the distribution plates can be provided with a plurality of monomers in parallel (gas channels); and then stacked layer by layer to form a stack. A cell stack having a total oxygen inlet, a total oxygen outlet, a total hydrogen inlet, a total hydrogen outlet, a plurality of cooling water inlets, and a plurality of cooling water outlets.
The structure and the method of the invention have the following advantages:
1. each fuel cell unit is self-formed into an independent system and is provided with an anode and cathode leading-out end, an air inlet and outlet hole, and electricity can be generated by connecting hydrogen and oxygen; compared with the bipolar plate in the traditional fuel cell structure, the bipolar plate is simplified into a single gas flow field plate in the invention, and the manufacturing process is simple.
2. The invention solves the problem of gas parallel connection among the fuel cell units, and can realize parallel connection and then serial connection among the fuel cell units. The output current of the stack can be increased.
3. The structure integrates cooling liquid channels on gas distribution, and can cool each fuel cell.
Drawings
Fig. 1A is a B-direction view of a fuel cell structure of the invention shown in fig. 1B.
Fig. 1B is a schematic view of a fuel cell structure of the present invention.
Fig. 1C is an a-direction view of a fuel cell structure of the invention shown in fig. 1B.
Fig. 2A is a B-direction view of an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate of the fuel cell structure of fig. 2B in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2B is a schematic view of the structure of an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate of a fuel cell structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2C is an a-direction view of an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate of the fuel cell structure of fig. 2B in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3A is a top view of a schematic diagram of the cell stack of fig. 3B in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3B is a schematic view of the structure of a cell stack of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1A is a B-direction view of a fuel cell structure of the invention shown in fig. 1B. Fig. 1B is a schematic view of a fuel cell structure of the present invention. Fig. 1C is an a-direction view of a fuel cell structure of the invention shown in fig. 1B. Fig. 2A is a B-direction view of an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate of the fuel cell structure of fig. 2B in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2B is a schematic view of the structure of an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate of a fuel cell structure according to the present invention. Fig. 2C is an a-direction view of an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate of the fuel cell structure of fig. 2B in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 3A is a top view of a schematic diagram of the cell stack of fig. 3B in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 3B is a schematic view of the structure of a cell stack of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a fuel cell unit, 2 is a gas distribution plate, 3 is an end plate, 1-1 is a hydrogen flow field plate, 1-2 is an oxygen flow field plate, 1-3 is a membrane electrode, 1-4 is an insulating sealing U-shaped pad, 1-5 is a metal fixing U-shaped holding strip, 2-1 is a hydrogen distribution plate, 2-2 is a public partition plate, 2-3 is an oxygen distribution plate, Y1 is an oxygen inlet, Y2 is an oxygen outlet, Q1 is a hydrogen inlet, Q2 is a hydrogen outlet, Y1Z is an oxygen total inlet (public oxygen inlet), Y2Z is an oxygen total outlet (public oxygen outlet), Q1Z is a hydrogen total inlet (public hydrogen inlet), Q2Z is a hydrogen total outlet (public hydrogen outlet), L1 is a cooling water inlet, L2 is a cooling water outlet, QL is a hydrogen flow channel, YL is an oxygen flow channel, and LS is a cooling water channel.
The fuel cell unit of the invention mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate 1-2, a membrane electrode 1-3, a hydrogen flow field plate 1-1, an insulating fixing piece and the like, wherein the insulating fixing piece comprises an insulating sealing U-shaped pad 1-4 and a metal fixing U-shaped holding strip 1-5. The oxygen flow field plate 1-2 is provided with oxygen inlets and outlets Y1 and Y2, and the hydrogen flow field plate 1-1 is provided with hydrogen inlets and outlets Q1 and Q2; the fuel cell stack of the present invention includes a fuel cell unit 1, an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2, and an end plate 3.
Each cell unit (monomer) 1 is an independent electrochemical power generation functional unit and mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate 1-2, a membrane electrode 1-3 and a hydrogen flow field plate 1-1, wherein the membrane electrode 1-3 is formed by contacting a non-coating area of a positive and negative current collector with hydrogen or oxygen flow field plates respectively; the flow field plate can be formed by stamping metal and surface treatment to solve electrochemical corrosion, can be contacted with the membrane electrode 1-3 to ensure minimum serial resistance by welding or extrusion contact, and can also be formed by graphite materials or composite materials; the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2 is formed by combining three layers of metal forming parts, and has the functions of distributing the flow of hydrogen and oxygen and cooling water channels; the fuel cell unit 1 is arranged on the gas distribution plate 2, the oxyhydrogen gas inlets respectively correspond, and one layer of the distribution plate can be provided with a plurality of units in parallel (gas channels); and then stacked layer by layer to form a stack. The cell stack is provided with a total oxygen inlet Y1Z, a total oxygen outlet Y2Z, a total hydrogen inlet Q1Z, a total hydrogen outlet Q2Z, a plurality of cooling water inlets L1 and a plurality of cooling water outlets L2.
As shown in fig. 1A-1C, a proton fuel cell unit 1 in the present invention mainly includes a hydrogen flow field plate 1-1, an oxygen flow field plate 1-2, a membrane electrode 1-3, an insulating seal U-shaped pad 1-4, and a metal fixing U-shaped clip strip 1-5. The outer side of the hydrogen flow field plate 1-1 is provided with a hydrogen inlet Q1 and a hydrogen outlet Q2 (respectively corresponding to an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline of a hydrogen channel on the distribution plate), and the material can be metal surface treatment, graphite and metal composite material; an oxygen inlet Y1 and an oxygen outlet Y2 (corresponding to an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline of an oxygen channel on the distribution plate respectively) are arranged on the outer side of the oxygen flow field plate 1-2, and the material can be metal surface treatment, graphite and metal composite material; the membrane electrode 1-3 is formed by combining a hydrogen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate, a catalytic layer, a proton exchange membrane and an oxygen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate in a heat sealing way. The hydrogen flow field plate 1-1, the oxygen flow field plate 1-2 and the membrane electrode 1-3 are stacked together to form a laminated body, the insulating sealing U-shaped pad 1-4 is arranged around the laminated body, the insulating sealing U-shaped pad 1-4 is clamped by the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip 1-5, and the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip 1-5 is extruded and deformed by applying mechanical pressure, so that the laminated body is fixed, insulated and sealed, and the functions of fixing, insulating and sealing are achieved, so that an independent fuel cell unit 1 is formed. In the aspect of gas supply, the fuel cell unit 1 can respectively connect the hydrogen gas inlets Q1 and the hydrogen gas outlets Q2 of a plurality of units 1 in parallel through one side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2; similarly, the other side can be connected with the oxygen inlets Y1 and the oxygen outlets Y2 of the plurality of fuel cell monomers 1 in parallel respectively; in terms of electrical connection, leads are led out through the hydrogen flow field plate 1-1 or the oxygen flow field plate 1-2 respectively to be connected in series and parallel, or the gas distribution plate 2 is used as a conductor to connect the fuel cell units with the plurality of units 1 connected in parallel in series to form a fuel cell stack with larger output current and voltage, as shown in fig. 3A-3B.
The oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2 shown in fig. 2A-2C is composed of a hydrogen distribution plate 2-1, a common partition plate 2-2, and an oxygen distribution plate 2-3. The hydrogen distribution plate 2-1 is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, a plurality of hydrogen gas inlets Q1, hydrogen gas outlets Q2 and public hydrogen inlets Q1Z, Q Z are arranged on the metal plate, and a liquid cooling channel (cooling water channel) LS and cooling water inlets L1 and L2 are formed; the oxygen distribution plate 2-3 is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, a plurality of oxygen inlets Y1, oxygen outlets Y2 and public oxygen inlets Y1Z are arranged on the metal plate, and a liquid cooling channel LS and cooling water inlets and outlets L1 and L2 are formed; the common partition plate 2-2 is made of a metal plate having good weldability, which has the same texture as the distribution plate. The hydrogen distribution plate 2-1, the common partition plate 2-2 and the oxygen distribution plate 2-3 are sequentially stacked and welded into a required sealing channel. The hydrogen inlets and outlets Q1 and Q2 on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2 respectively correspond to the hydrogen inlets and outlets Q1, Q2, Y1 and Y2 of the plurality of fuel cell monomers 1. The hydrogen and oxygen gas inlet and outlet common ports Q1Z, Q, 2Z, Y, 1Z, Y, 2Z between the gas distribution plates 2 are respectively corresponding to the other gas distribution plate 2 and are connected together through sealing elements and bolts to form a cell stack. As shown in fig. 3A-3B.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The fuel cell stack is characterized by comprising a fuel cell unit and an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, wherein the fuel cell unit comprises a hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and an insulating fixing piece, a hydrogen gas inlet and a hydrogen gas outlet are formed in the hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen gas inlet and an oxygen gas outlet are formed in the oxygen flow field plate, the fuel cell unit is placed on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and the hydrogen gas inlets and the hydrogen gas outlets of a plurality of fuel cell units are respectively connected in parallel through one side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate; similarly, the oxygen inlets and the oxygen outlets of a plurality of fuel cell monomers are respectively connected in parallel through the other side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, wires are led out through the hydrogen flow field plate or the oxygen flow field plate respectively for series-parallel connection in terms of electric connection, the insulating fixing piece comprises an insulating sealing U-shaped pad and a metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip, the hydrogen flow field plate, the oxygen flow field plate and the membrane electrode are stacked together to form a laminated body, the insulating sealing U-shaped pad is arranged around the laminated body, the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip is clamped on the insulating sealing U-shaped pad, mechanical pressure is applied to extrude and deform the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip, so that the laminated body is fixed, insulated and sealed, and the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are arranged on the outer side of the hydrogen flow field plate and correspond to an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline of a hydrogen channel on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate respectively; an oxygen inlet and an oxygen outlet are formed in the outer side of the oxygen flow field plate and correspond to an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline of an oxygen channel on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate respectively, the membrane electrode is formed by combining a hydrogen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate, a catalytic layer, a proton exchange membrane and an oxygen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate in a heat sealing way, the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate consists of a hydrogen distribution plate, a public partition plate and an oxygen distribution plate, the hydrogen distribution plate is formed by cold press molding of a metal plate, a plurality of hydrogen inlets, hydrogen outlets and public hydrogen inlets are formed in the hydrogen distribution plate, and a liquid cooling channel and a cooling water inlet and outlet are formed in the hydrogen distribution plate; the oxygen distribution plate is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, a plurality of oxygen inlets, oxygen outlets and a public oxygen inlet are arranged on the oxygen distribution plate, and a liquid cooling channel and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are formed; the common partition plate is made of a metal plate with good welding performance, the hydrogen distribution plate, the common partition plate and the oxygen distribution plate are sequentially stacked and then welded into a required sealing channel, a plurality of hydrogen gas inlets and hydrogen gas outlets on the hydrogen distribution plate correspond to a plurality of hydrogen gas inlets and hydrogen gas outlets of a plurality of fuel cell monomers respectively, a plurality of oxygen gas inlets and oxygen gas outlets on the oxygen distribution plate correspond to a plurality of oxygen gas inlets and oxygen gas outlets of a plurality of fuel cell monomers respectively, the fuel cell monomers are an independent electrochemical power generation functional unit, the hydrogen flow field plate and the oxygen flow field plate are formed by metal stamping and surface treatment to solve electrochemical corrosion, the minimum serial resistance is ensured by welding contact with a membrane electrode contact part, and the hydrogen distribution plate and the oxygen distribution plate are formed by combining three layers of metal forming pieces, so that the hydrogen gas and oxygen flow distribution function and the cooling water channel function are realized; the fuel cell monomers are placed on the hydrogen distribution plate and the oxygen distribution plate, the oxyhydrogen gas inlets respectively correspond to each other, and one layer of distribution plate is provided with a plurality of monomers connected with the gas channel in parallel; and then stacking one layer by one layer to form a fuel cell stack, wherein the fuel cell stack is provided with a total oxygen inlet, a total oxygen outlet, a total hydrogen inlet, a total hydrogen outlet, a plurality of cooling water inlets and a plurality of cooling water outlets, and each fuel cell unit is provided with an anode and cathode leading-out end, an air inlet and an air outlet which are independent from each other, so that electricity can be generated after hydrogen and oxygen are connected.
2. The serial-parallel connection method of the fuel cell stack is characterized in that the fuel cell stack consists of a fuel cell unit and an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, the fuel cell unit comprises a hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and an insulating fixing piece, a hydrogen gas inlet and a hydrogen gas outlet are arranged on the hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen gas inlet and an oxygen gas outlet are arranged on the oxygen flow field plate, and the serial-parallel connection method of the fuel cell stack comprises the following steps: the hydrogen gas inlets and the hydrogen gas outlets of the fuel cell monomers are respectively connected in parallel through one side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate; similarly, the oxygen inlets and the oxygen outlets of a plurality of fuel cell monomers are respectively connected in parallel through the other side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, wires are led out through the hydrogen flow field plate or the oxygen flow field plate respectively in the aspect of electric connection, the wires are stacked layer by layer and are connected together through sealing pieces and bolts to form the fuel cell stack, the insulating fixing pieces comprise insulating sealing U-shaped gaskets and metal fixing U-shaped clamping strips, the hydrogen flow field plate, the oxygen flow field plate and the membrane electrode are stacked together to form a laminated body, the insulating sealing U-shaped gaskets are arranged around the laminated body, the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strips are clamped on the insulating sealing U-shaped gaskets, and mechanical pressure is applied to squeeze and deform the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strips, so that the laminated body is fixed, insulated and sealed, and the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are formed on the outer side of the hydrogen flow field plate and correspond to an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of a hydrogen channel on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate respectively; an oxygen inlet and an oxygen outlet are formed in the outer side of the oxygen flow field plate and correspond to an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline of an oxygen channel on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate respectively, the membrane electrode is formed by combining a hydrogen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate, a catalytic layer, a proton exchange membrane and an oxygen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate in a heat sealing way, the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate consists of a hydrogen distribution plate, a public partition plate and an oxygen distribution plate, the hydrogen distribution plate is formed by cold press molding of a metal plate, a plurality of hydrogen inlets, hydrogen outlets and public hydrogen inlets are formed in the hydrogen distribution plate, and a liquid cooling channel and a cooling water inlet and outlet are formed in the hydrogen distribution plate; the oxygen distribution plate is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, a plurality of oxygen inlets, oxygen outlets and a public oxygen inlet are arranged on the oxygen distribution plate, and a liquid cooling channel and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are formed; the common partition plate is made of a metal plate with good welding performance, the hydrogen distribution plate, the common partition plate and the oxygen distribution plate are sequentially stacked and then welded into a required sealing channel, a plurality of hydrogen gas inlets and hydrogen gas outlets on the hydrogen distribution plate correspond to a plurality of hydrogen gas inlets and hydrogen gas outlets of a plurality of fuel cell monomers respectively, a plurality of oxygen gas inlets and oxygen gas outlets on the oxygen distribution plate correspond to a plurality of oxygen gas inlets and oxygen gas outlets of a plurality of fuel cell monomers respectively, the fuel cell monomers are an independent electrochemical power generation functional unit, the hydrogen flow field plate and the oxygen flow field plate are formed by metal stamping and surface treatment to solve electrochemical corrosion, the minimum serial resistance is ensured by welding contact with a membrane electrode contact part, and the hydrogen distribution plate and the oxygen distribution plate are formed by combining three layers of metal forming pieces, so that the hydrogen gas and oxygen flow distribution function and the cooling water channel function are realized; the fuel cell monomers are placed on the hydrogen distribution plate and the oxygen distribution plate, the oxyhydrogen gas inlets respectively correspond to each other, and one layer of distribution plate is provided with a plurality of monomers connected with the gas channel in parallel; and then stacking one layer by one layer to form a fuel cell stack, wherein the fuel cell stack is provided with a total oxygen inlet, a total oxygen outlet, a total hydrogen inlet, a total hydrogen outlet, a plurality of cooling water inlets and a plurality of cooling water outlets, and each fuel cell unit is provided with an anode and cathode leading-out end, an air inlet and an air outlet which are independent from each other, so that electricity can be generated after hydrogen and oxygen are connected.
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Effective date of registration: 20240711 Address after: 4th Floor, Building 2, No. 448 Hexing West Road, Hongqi Town, Jinwan District, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province 519000 Patentee after: Zhuhai Chuntian Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 201821 room 1021, area B, building 3, no.1011 Fuhai Road, Jiading District, Shanghai Patentee before: SHANGHAI XUANDAI TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |