CN111875347A - 一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DIVGJYVPMOCBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [V].[Zr] Chemical compound [V].[Zr] DIVGJYVPMOCBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- -1 manganese-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
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- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241001408630 Chloroclystis Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及陶瓷生产技术领域，具体涉及一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器，其组分含量按重量份数计包括：钾长石8‑15份，钠长石8‑12份，高岭土28‑33份，石英15‑18份，贵州土3‑4份，膨润土2.5‑3份，氧化钡2‑2.1份，氧化钛1.5‑1.8份，黑泥3‑3.5份，增塑剂1.5‑1.8份，废瓷泥25‑35份。本发明提供的利用废瓷制成的高档彩色瓷器配方中废瓷含量较高，且制成的瓷器质地温润、清新淡雅。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷生产技术领域，具体涉及一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着陶瓷行业的迅速发展，矿产资源大幅开发，陶瓷废弃物日益增多，导致资源日趋紧张、原材料价格上涨、环境污染等问题也日趋严重。
现有的废弃陶瓷循环利用，大多将回收生产过程产生的废瓷用于生产卫生陶瓷或者地砖、瓷砖等对陶瓷质地及外观要求不高的低档陶瓷产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术中的不足，提供一种利用废瓷制成的高档彩色瓷器，配方中废瓷含量较高且制成的瓷器质地温润、清新淡雅。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器，其组分含量按重量份数计包括：钾长石8-15份，钠长石8-12份，高岭土28-33份，石英15-18份，贵州土3-4份，膨润土2.5-3份，氧化钡2-2.1份，氧化钛1.5-1.8份，黑泥3-3.5份，增塑剂1.5-1.8份，废瓷泥25-35份。
一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1）将各组分按配方称取、混合；经过筛，除铁后；加入球磨机中，再加入水，球磨后泥浆流入贮浆池备用；
2）对上步所得泥浆进行压滤，然后用练泥机炼泥，炼泥过程中加入适量的甲基纤维素；
3）炼泥工序完成后得到泥料，在泥料中加入硅溶胶，然后加入色料；球磨研磨；
4）进行坯体制作，烘干；施透明釉；
5）最后将施好釉的坯体在1320℃以上高温中一次烧成，自然冷却即得所述彩色瓷器制品。
优选的，所述步骤2）的甲基纤维素按重量份数计为0.8-1.2份；所述步骤3）的硅溶胶按重量份数计为1.1-1.5份。
优选的，所述步骤2）炼泥温度不超过50℃；练泥机每小时出泥与投料之比为0.8:1，机内压力低于0.98-1帕。
由于废瓷泥是熟料，因此与其他组分的配料在炼泥机内炼泥的温度控制在不超过50℃，也就是每一个炼泥周期时间不超过2小时，使废瓷泥与其他组分配料的混合更加均匀。练泥机每小时出泥与投料之比为0.8:1，机内压力不能高于0.98-1帕。加入废瓷的泥料一般粘度较差，如出泥速度与不加废瓷泥的泥料相同，则会产生瓷泥的真空度不够，加工成瓷泥就会出现气泡。因此，通过变频控制练泥机的出泥速度，机内每小时出泥与投料之比为0.8:1，机内压力不能高于0.98-1帕。
优选的，所述步骤2）甲基纤维素加入时间为炼泥完成前半小时。在炼泥完成前约半小时加入1%的甲基纤维素，以增强瓷泥整体的稠度和活性。
优选的，所述步骤3）炼泥工序完成后得到的泥料与加入的色料细度之比为在230:380。将泥料的细度与加入的色料细度之比控制在230:380，色料的细度要高于泥料细度10%以上，每次加入色料后泥料要反复进出球磨研磨4次，使色料与泥料充分混合。
在泥料加入色料之前，加入硅溶胶，以促进泥料和色料的充分混合，提高废瓷与其他泥料相互之间的吸附性和稳定性。
本发明在配方上采用天然陶瓷原料资源为主，以长石-高岭土-石英三元系统的长石硬质陶瓷配方为基础，搭配贵州土、膨润土，引入适量的黑泥、氧化钡、氧化钛和增塑剂，以加强其陶瓷坯体强度、增强瓷泥白度以及增加瓷泥塑性，加入加工后的废瓷泥，最后将着色剂融入到瓷泥当中，加入的着色剂可根据实际需求调配不同的颜色，选择性多样。坯体烘干施上透明白釉，在1320℃以上高温一次烧制而成。
有益效果：
1、本发明通过回收生产过程产生的废瓷，将其重新制成瓷泥循环利用制成中高档瓷器，变废为宝。利用废瓷制成中高档瓷器，需解决废瓷是熟料缺乏粘性和残留在泥料中色点的问题。因此，本发明在炼泥过程加入适量的甲基纤维素，以增强瓷泥整体的稠度和活性；炼泥工序完成以后，在加入色料之前加入硅溶胶，提高废瓷泥与其他泥料相互之间的吸附性和稳定性，使得泥料与色料充分混和，完成陶瓷坯体泥料的制作，进而研制出了彩色瓷器。废瓷利用技术的成功研发，不仅大幅提高了废瓷的利用率，减少资源损耗，降低生产成本；而且大大减少了陶瓷废弃物对环境造成的污染，符合当前社会提倡清洁生产、循环利用的精神。
2、本发明配方中废瓷利用比例高；制备过程中废瓷经球磨、炼泥等工序，加入颜色并充分混合，废瓷遗留点滴色彩完全融入彩色瓷泥当中，制得产品分为红、黄、绿、蓝等多种颜色的高档陶瓷产品，质地温润、清新淡雅。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做详细的说明。
实施例1
一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器，其组分含量按重量份数计包括：钾长石8份，钠长石8份，高岭土28份，石英15份，贵州土3份，膨润土2.5份，氧化钡2份，氧化钛1.5份，黑泥3份，增塑剂1.5份，废瓷泥25份。
一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1）将各组分按上述配方称取、混合；经过筛，除铁后；加入球磨机中，再加入水，球磨后泥浆流入贮浆池备用；
2）对上步所得泥浆进行压滤，然后用练泥机炼泥，炼泥完成前半小时加入0.8重量份数的甲基纤维素；
3）炼泥工序完成后，加入1.1重量份数的硅溶胶，然后加入0.5重量份数的镨黄；球磨研磨；
4）进行坯体制作，烘干；施透明釉；
5）最后将施好釉的坯体在1320℃以上高温中一次烧成，自然冷却即得黄色瓷器制品。
优选的，所述步骤2）炼泥温度不超过50℃；练泥机每小时出泥与投料之比为0.8:1，机内压力低于0.98-1帕。
优选的，所述步骤3）泥料与加入的色料细度之比为在230:380。
实施例2
一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器，其组分含量按重量份数计包括：钾长石12份，钠长石10份，高岭土30份，石英16份，贵州土3.5份，膨润土2.7份，氧化钡2份，氧化钛1.7份，黑泥3.2份，增塑剂1.6份，废瓷泥30份。
一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1）将各组分按上述配方称取、混合；经过筛，除铁后；加入球磨机中，再加入水，球磨后泥浆流入贮浆池备用；
2）对上步所得泥浆进行压滤，然后用练泥机炼泥，炼泥完成前半小时加入1重量份数的甲基纤维素；
3）炼泥工序完成后，加入1.3重量份数的硅溶胶，然后加入0.5重量份数的锰铝红；球磨研磨；
4）进行坯体制作，烘干；施透明釉；
5）最后将施好釉的坯体在1350℃中一次烧成，自然冷却即得红色瓷器制品。
优选的，所述步骤2）炼泥温度不超过50℃；练泥机每小时出泥与投料之比为0.8:1，机内压力低于0.98-1帕。
优选的，所述步骤3）泥料与加入的色料细度之比为在230:380。
实施例3
一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器，其组分含量按重量份数计包括：钾长石15份，钠长石12份，高岭土33份，石英18份，贵州土4份，膨润土3份，氧化钡2.1份，氧化钛1.8份，黑泥3.5份，增塑剂1.8份，废瓷泥35份。
一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1）将各组分按上述配方称取、混合；经过筛，除铁后；加入球磨机中，再加入水，球磨后泥浆流入贮浆池备用；
2）对上步所得泥浆进行压滤，然后用练泥机炼泥，炼泥完成前半小时加入1重量份数的甲基纤维素；
3）炼泥工序完成后，加入1.3重量份数的硅溶胶，然后加入0.5重量份数的锆钒蓝；球磨研磨；
4）进行坯体制作，烘干；施透明釉；
5）最后将施好釉的坯体在1380℃中一次烧成，自然冷却即得蓝色瓷器制品。
优选的，所述步骤2）炼泥温度不超过50℃；练泥机每小时出泥与投料之比为0.8:1，机内压力低于0.98-1帕。
优选的，所述步骤3）泥料与加入的色料细度之比为在230:380。
本发明利用废瓷做陶瓷坯体的原料，然而如果是要做白色瓷，用废瓷做原料会存在色点（因废瓷通过球磨，原来的颜色不可能全部去掉）而做不了。既要做高档瓷，又要利用废瓷，本发明通过采用在瓷泥中加上镨黄，锆钒蓝和锰铝红等各种颜色，调整到成为本色，再上透明白釉，做成质感，观感好的高档陶瓷产品。
最后应说明的是：显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。
Claims (6)
1.一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器，其特征在于，其组分含量按重量份数计包括：钾长石8-15份，钠长石8-12份，高岭土28-33份，石英15-18份，贵州土3-4份，膨润土2.5-3份，氧化钡2-2.1份，氧化钛1.5-1.8份，黑泥3-3.5份，增塑剂1.5-1.8份，废瓷泥25-35份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1）将各组分按配方称取、混合；经过筛，除铁后；加入球磨机中，再加入水，球磨后泥浆流入贮浆池备用；
2）对上步所得泥浆进行压滤，然后用练泥机炼泥，炼泥过程中加入适量的甲基纤维素；
3）炼泥工序完成后，加入硅溶胶，然后加入色料；球磨研磨；
4）进行坯体制作，烘干；施透明釉；
5）最后将施好釉的坯体在1320℃以上高温中一次烧成，自然冷却即得所述彩色瓷器制品。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2）的甲基纤维素按重量份数计为0.8-1.2份；所述步骤3）的硅溶胶按重量份数计为1.1-1.5份。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2）炼泥温度不超过50℃；练泥机每小时出泥与投料之比为0.8:1，机内压力低于0.98-1帕。
5.如权利要求2所述的一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2）甲基纤维素加入时间为炼泥完成前半小时。
6.如权利要求2所述的一种利用废瓷制成的彩色瓷器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3）泥料与加入的色料细度之比为在230:380。
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