CN111853039A - Self-resetting energy consumption device for shock absorption of shield tunnel - Google Patents
Self-resetting energy consumption device for shock absorption of shield tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111853039A CN111853039A CN202010642514.2A CN202010642514A CN111853039A CN 111853039 A CN111853039 A CN 111853039A CN 202010642514 A CN202010642514 A CN 202010642514A CN 111853039 A CN111853039 A CN 111853039A
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
- F16B43/001—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts for sealing or insulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
- F16B43/002—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts with special provisions for reducing friction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
- F16F15/085—Use of both rubber and metal springs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of shock absorption of shield tunnels, and particularly discloses a self-resetting energy consumption device for shock absorption of shield tunnels, which comprises a steel core outer ring, a waterproof gasket, a rubber gasket and a shape memory alloy ring, wherein: the inner side of the steel core outer ring is provided with an inclination angle, and the outer side of the steel core outer ring is provided with a groove; the waterproof gasket is fixed in a groove on the outer side of the steel core outer ring, and the rubber gasket is attached to the outer sides of the waterproof gasket and the steel core outer ring; the shape memory alloy ring is arranged between the two steel core outer rings, and the surface of the shape memory alloy ring is attached to the inner side inclination angle of the steel core outer ring; when external force is applied, the distance between the two steel core outer rings is compressed, the shape memory alloy rings deform due to extrusion of the steel core outer rings, and expand outwards to generate restoring force, so that energy is dissipated, and the device structure is enabled to reset. The device has good buffering effect, can dissipate energy, can provide restoring force, has the effect of self-resetting after earthquake, and reduces the maintenance and replacement cost of the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of shock absorption of shield tunnels, and particularly relates to a self-resetting energy consumption device for shock absorption of shield tunnels.
Background
At present, the urban underground rail transit mostly adopts the underground structure form of a shield tunnel, and the anti-seismic performance of the shield tunnel directly influences the safety of the urban traffic. The shield tunnel is formed by connecting a plurality of segments and bolts, the joint part of the segments is a weak link, the performance of the joint determines the integral rigidity and deformability of the shield tunnel, and the joint plays a key role in waterproofing of the structure.
The main manifestations of the earthquake damage of the shield tunnel are duct piece cracking, dislocation, water leakage, joint damage and the like. The connecting bolt has low rigidity, and is easy to generate stress concentration phenomenon under the action of earthquake and cause serious deformation, so the shock damage of the joint part is very prominent. The large deformation of the joint part of the shield tunnel in an earthquake can cause the earthquake damage of bolt yielding, breaking, seam water leakage and the like, thereby causing the dislocation and water leakage of the tunnel and leading the shield tunnel to lose the normal use function under the condition that the segment structure main body is not damaged.
At present, few devices are researched and applied in the aspect of tunnel shock absorption, and fewer shock absorption structures which can dissipate energy and have a self-resetting effect in the shield tunnel are provided. Most of the existing devices only play a role in buffering, but have small energy consumption, and do not have the capability of quickly recovering the structural function after an earthquake. Patent CN 110107577 a provides a shock-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a bolt joint of a shield tunnel, which has the following disadvantages: 1. the design adopts the rubber gasket and the common spring as the damping element, only plays a role of buffering during earthquake, and has small energy consumption; 2. when an earthquake occurs, the rubber gasket is limited in deformation under pressure, the buffering effect is reduced to a certain extent, the deformation of the spring can play a corresponding effect according to the total deformation of the rubber gasket, and the effect is limited; 3. the device does not have the function of self-resetting after the earthquake. Therefore, the development and design of the shield tunnel damping device based on self-resetting energy consumption have great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a self-resetting energy dissipation device for the shock absorption of a shield tunnel, which aims to install devices consisting of a shape memory alloy ring, a steel core, a rubber gasket and a waterproof gasket at two ends of a connecting bolt of a tunnel segment, and when displacement is generated between segments in an earthquake, the devices are squeezed between the bolt head/nut and the segments to play a role in buffering, simultaneously dissipate part of earthquake energy, provide restoring force after the earthquake and reduce the residual opening amount, thereby reducing the risks of bolt breakage and seam water leakage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel, which comprises a steel core outer ring, a waterproof gasket, a rubber gasket and a shape memory alloy ring, wherein:
the inner side of the steel core outer ring is provided with an inclination angle, and the outer side of the steel core outer ring is provided with a groove; the waterproof gasket is fixed in a groove on the outer side of the steel core outer ring, and the rubber gasket is attached to the outer sides of the waterproof gasket and the steel core outer ring; the shape memory alloy ring is arranged between the two steel core outer rings, and the surface of the shape memory alloy ring is attached to the inner side inclination angle of the steel core outer ring; when external force is applied, the distance between the two steel core outer rings is compressed, the shape memory alloy rings deform due to extrusion of the steel core outer rings, and expand outwards to generate restoring force, so that energy is dissipated, and the device structure is enabled to reset.
Preferably, the device further comprises n steel core inner rings which are arranged between the two steel core outer rings, and both sides of each steel core inner ring are provided with inclination angles; the number of the shape memory alloy rings is n +1, n is more than or equal to 1, wherein one side surface of each shape memory alloy ring at two ends is attached to the inner side inclination angle of the steel core outer ring, and the other side surface of each shape memory alloy ring is attached to the inner side inclination angle of the steel core inner ring; the two side surfaces of the shape memory alloy ring positioned in the middle are both attached to the inner ring of the steel core at an inclination angle.
Preferably, the contact surface of the waterproof gasket and the steel core outer ring and the contact surface of the waterproof gasket and the rubber gasket are bonded by waterproof glue, and the contact surfaces of the rubber gasket and the steel core outer ring are connected by vulcanization technology or bonded by waterproof glue.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the inner side of the steel core outer ring and the inclination angles of the two sides of the steel core inner ring are 15-25 degrees.
Preferably, the contact surfaces of the shape memory alloy ring and the steel core outer ring and the steel core inner ring are treated by lubricating grease, lubricating oil or plating layers.
Preferably, the height of the inclined angle part of the steel core outer ring is greater than half of the height of the shape memory alloy ring, and the height of the steel core inner ring is greater than the height of the shape memory alloy ring.
Preferably, the maximum diameter of the upper end of the steel core outer ring is larger than the maximum diameter of the shape memory alloy ring after being extruded.
It is further preferred that the shape memory alloy ring, when compressed to a maximum diameter, has an elongation of less than 7% relative to the initial minimum diameter of the shape memory alloy ring.
Preferably, the steel core outer ring and the steel core inner ring are made of 38CrMoAl alloy materials, the shape memory alloy ring is made of nickel-titanium alloy materials, and the waterproof gasket is made of rubber materials capable of expanding in water.
Preferably, the edges and corners of the outer ring surface at the lower end and the inner side inclination angle of the steel core outer ring are chamfered.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:
1. the device is arranged at two ends of the connecting bolt of the tunnel segment, when displacement is generated between segments in an earthquake, the device is squeezed between the bolt head/nut and the segments to play a role in buffering, simultaneously dissipates part of earthquake energy, provides restoring force after the earthquake and reduces residual opening amount, so that the risk of bolt fracture and seam water leakage is reduced, the device can be suitable for various working conditions of the shield tunnel bolt joint, and has a self-resetting function.
2. Compared with a common steel spring, the ring spring has the advantages of high rigidity, high bearing capacity and energy consumption; and the SMA rings can be overlapped and connected in series according to requirements, and the flexibility is strong.
3. The invention sets the inclination angle of the inner side of the steel core outer ring and the inclination angles of the two sides of the steel core inner ring as 15-25 degrees, so that the contact parts of the steel core outer ring and the steel core inner ring have certain angles, the angle is too small, the friction force of the contact surface is too large, and the steel core inner ring can not be completely recovered, and when the angle is too large, the pressure stress of the contact surface of the SMA ring is too large, and the performance is influenced by plastic deformation.
4. The contact surfaces of the SMA ring and the steel core outer ring and the steel core inner ring are treated by lubricating grease, lubricating oil or a coating, so that the friction coefficient of the contact surfaces can be adjusted, and the performance of the SMA ring is improved.
5. According to the invention, the height of the inclination angle part of the steel core outer ring is larger than half of the height of the shape memory alloy ring, so that when the device is completely compressed, the SMA ring can be fully expanded, the upper surface and the lower surface of the SMA ring cannot be contacted with the protruding part on the upper part of the steel core outer ring, the damage is avoided, meanwhile, the lower surfaces of the two steel core outer rings can be contacted to form self locking, the damage caused by excessive expansion of the SMA ring is avoided, and the device can obtain larger bearing capacity.
6. The maximum diameter of the upper part of the steel core outer ring is slightly larger than the maximum diameter of the SMA ring when the device is self-locked, so that the SMA ring can be prevented from being possibly contacted with a tunnel segment or other structures when being expanded to the maximum.
7. When the device is self-locking, the elongation of the minimum inner diameter of the SMA ring is less than 7%, and the elongation of the SMA material is too large and possibly exceeds the super-elastic range of the component to generate residual deformation, so that the device cannot be completely reset.
8. According to the invention, the waterproof gasket is arranged in the groove of the outer ring of the steel core, and the rubber gasket is arranged on the outer layer of the groove, so that the rubber gasket can play a role in buffering and can reduce damage caused by possible stress concentration on contact surfaces of bolt heads and pipe pieces and the outer ring of the steel core; waterproof packing ring adopts water-swelling material, and when water infiltration bolted joint position, waterproof packing ring met water and produced the inflation, can plug up the gap, and then played waterproof effect, and especially waterproof packing ring department can be in inside with waterproof packing ring's deformation restraint under the extrusion restraint effect of steel core outer loop and rubber packing ring, has improved waterproof performance greatly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-resetting energy consuming device according to an embodiment of the present invention (a single SMA ring);
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-resetting energy consuming device (a plurality of SMA rings) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the operation process of the self-resetting energy consuming device according to the embodiment of the present invention (single SMA ring);
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the operation of a self-resetting energy consuming device according to an embodiment of the present invention (multiple SMA rings);
FIG. 5 (a) and (b) are respectively a cross-sectional view and a top view of an outer ring of a steel core according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 (a) and (b) are a cross-sectional view and a top view, respectively, of a rubber gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 (a) and (b) are a sectional view and a top view of a waterproof gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 8 (a) and (b) are a cross-sectional view and a top view, respectively, of an SMA ring in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an SMA ring according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 10 (a) and (b) are respectively a cross-sectional view and a top view of an inner ring of a steel core according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an inner ring of a steel core according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an installation of a self-resetting energy dissipating device on an angle bolted joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic view of the installation of a self-resetting energy dissipation device on a bent bolt joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein: 1-bolt, 2-bolt head, 3-tunnel segment, 4-segment hand hole, 5-rubber gasket, 6-waterproof gasket, 7-steel core outer ring, 8-shape memory alloy ring, 9-steel core inner ring, 10-oblique bolt, 11-bent bolt and 12-nut.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The embodiment of the invention provides a self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel, which comprises a steel core outer ring 7, a waterproof gasket 6, a rubber gasket 5 and a shape memory alloy ring (SMA ring) 8, as shown in fig. 1, wherein:
the steel core outer ring 7 is shown in fig. 5, the inner side of the steel core outer ring is provided with an inclination angle, and the outer side of the steel core outer ring is provided with a groove; the waterproof gasket 6 is fixed in a groove at the outer side of the steel core outer ring 7 as shown in fig. 7, and is used for preventing water from entering the device; the rubber gasket 5 is attached to the outer sides of the waterproof gasket 6 and the steel core outer ring 7 to play a role in buffering as shown in fig. 6; as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the shape memory alloy ring 8 is installed between two steel core outer rings 7, and the surface of the shape memory alloy ring is in contact with the inner side inclination angle of the steel core outer ring 7.
When a plurality of shape memory alloy rings 8 are connected in series (the number of the shape memory alloy rings is n +1, n is more than or equal to 1), n steel core inner rings 9 are needed and are arranged between two steel core outer rings 7, and both sides of each steel core inner ring 9 are provided with inclination angles, as shown in fig. 10 and 11; wherein, one side surface of the shape memory alloy ring 8 positioned at the two ends is attached with the inner side inclination angle of the steel core outer ring 7, and the other side surface is attached with the steel core inner ring 9; the two side surfaces of the shape memory alloy ring 8 positioned in the middle are attached to the steel core inner ring 9 at an inclination angle, as shown in fig. 2.
During the use, install the device on shield tunnel section of jurisdiction connecting bolt 1 (including oblique bolt, curved bolt, straight bolt etc.) end, the mounted position is between bolt head 2 or nut 12 and tunnel section of jurisdiction 3, can exert certain prestressing force during the installation, and the device has certain compression.
When earthquake action or external conditions change to cause the bolt to be pulled, pressure is generated between the bolt head and the tightly attached steel core outer ring to force the steel core outer ring to move inwards, the device can be compressed, and the contact surface between the steel core outer ring and the SMA ring has an inclination angle, so that the SMA ring expands outwards in the compression process. Because the SMA material has superelasticity, the SMA material deforms under the action of an external tensile force, the SMA material can completely recover after the external force is unloaded, and can dissipate energy in the process, and meanwhile, when the SMA ring expands outwards, the contact surfaces of the SMA ring and the steel core outer ring or the steel core inner ring generate pressure and friction force, an outwards elastic force can be given to the steel core, the restoring force is generated, and the energy can be dissipated through the friction between the contact surfaces. During the reciprocating loading and unloading process of the device, the device can dissipate a large amount of energy and has restoring force, so that the device structure can be restored, and the damage caused by earthquake action is reduced.
When the device is pressed and acts as shown in fig. 3 and 4, it can be seen that the SMA ring expands outwards, the device generates elastic force, impact load during earthquake can be buffered, and simultaneously, the expansion of the SMA ring and the friction of a contact surface can dissipate energy, so that damage is reduced; after the earthquake, the restoring force that the device had helps the tunnel segment to reset, reduces the volume of opening, reduces repair cost.
Furthermore, the diameters of the holes in the rubber gasket and the waterproof gasket are smaller than that of the hole in the steel core outer ring, but not smaller than that of the bolt, so that the initial gap between the gasket and the bolt during installation is reduced; the waterproof gasket is made of a water-swelling rubber material, and under the extrusion restraint effect, the waterproof gasket can only swell towards the inner gap of the bolt when meeting water, so that the gap is blocked, and water seepage is prevented; the contact surface of the waterproof gasket and the steel core outer ring and the contact surface of the waterproof gasket and the rubber gasket are bonded by waterproof glue, and the contact surface of the rubber gasket and the steel core outer ring is treated and connected or bonded by the waterproof glue by a vulcanization technology.
Furthermore, a certain angle is formed between each steel core outer ring and the contact part of the SMA ring, the angle is 15-25 degrees, the angle is too small, the friction force of the contact surface is too large, so that the steel core outer ring cannot be completely restored, and when the angle is too large, the compressive stress of the contact surface of the SMA ring is too large, so that plastic deformation is generated, and the performance is influenced; the contact surface can be coated with lubricating grease, lubricating oil, a plating coating and the like for treatment so as to adjust the friction coefficient of the contact surface and improve the performance of the SMA ring; the inclination angle of the steel core inner ring and the contact surface treatment are consistent with those of the steel core outer ring.
Furthermore, the height of the inclination angle part of the steel core outer ring is slightly greater than half of the height of the shape memory alloy ring, so that when the device is completely compressed, the SMA ring can be fully expanded, the upper surface and the lower surface of the SMA ring cannot be contacted with the protruding part on the upper part of the steel core outer ring, damage is avoided, meanwhile, the lower surfaces of 2 steel core outer rings can be contacted to form self locking, damage caused by over expansion of the SMA ring is avoided, and the device can obtain larger bearing capacity; a rubber gasket can be arranged on the lower surface of the outer ring of the steel core, so that damage caused by sudden stress change during self-locking is avoided; in a similar way, the height of the inner ring of the steel core is slightly larger than that of the SMA ring.
Furthermore, the maximum diameter of the upper end of the steel core outer ring is slightly larger than the maximum diameter of the SMA ring when the device is self-locked, so that the SMA ring is prevented from being possibly contacted with a tunnel segment or other structures when being expanded to the maximum.
Furthermore, when the device is designed and sized, enough parts of the steel core outer ring and the steel core inner ring are originally embedded into the SMA ring, so that the installation reliability and the stability of the device can be improved.
Furthermore, chamfering processing is carried out on the edges and corners of the lower end of the steel core outer ring and the inner side inclination angle outer ring surface, and the edges and corners are rounded, so that the steel core outer ring is smooth when in contact sliding with the SMA ring, and the cutting or embedding of the steel core outer ring and the SMA ring is avoided.
Furthermore, when the shape memory alloy ring is extruded to reach the maximum diameter, namely when the device is self-locked, the elongation rate of the initial minimum diameter relative to the shape memory alloy ring is less than 7%.
Furthermore, the steel core outer ring and the steel core inner ring are made of high-strength steel 38CrMoAl alloy materials or other high-strength stainless steel materials, the SMA ring is made of nickel-titanium alloy materials, the corrosion resistance is high, and the steel core outer ring and the steel core inner ring can adapt to the working conditions of complex environments.
Specifically, the rigidity, strength, restoring force and energy consumption capability of the device can be adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle between the SMA ring and the steel core, the friction coefficient of a contact surface and the thickness of the SMA ring, the performance and the installation space can be adjusted by changing the maximum diameter and height of the steel core and the SMA ring, and the performance can be improved by connecting a plurality of SMA rings in series.
The device can be suitable for various bolt forms such as inclined bolts, bent bolts, straight bolts, double straight bolts and the like of a shield tunnel segment joint; as shown in fig. 12, to install the device on the skew bolt 10 at the segment hand hole 4; as shown in fig. 13, to install the device on the bent bolt 11 at the segment hand hole 4. The assembly and installation process of the device is as follows:
(1) Installing a waterproof gasket in a groove of the steel core outer ring and bonding the waterproof gasket, and then bonding a rubber gasket on the upper surface of the steel core outer ring to form a complete steel core outer ring, wherein the waterproof gasket can be subjected to batch processing in advance;
(2) lubricating the surfaces of the steel core outer ring, the steel core inner ring and the SMA ring which are in contact with each other, coating lubricating oil or plating, and after the treatment is finished, penetrating bolts in the sequence of 'assembled steel core outer ring-SMA ring-steel core inner ring-SMA ring-.. -. assembled steel core outer ring', and embedding the bolts into the rings mutually; the step can be performed in advance, the butt joint and the packaging are performed to form a complete device, and then the bolt is integrally penetrated, so that the assembly precision and the stability of the device are improved;
(3) and applying prestress according to construction requirements, wherein the prestress can be estimated by observing the compression amount or the screw thread precession number of the device, and then the installation is finished.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a be used for shield tunnel shock attenuation from energy consumption device that restores to throne which characterized in that, includes steel core outer loop, waterproof gasket, rubber packing ring, shape memory alloy ring, wherein:
The inner side of the steel core outer ring is provided with an inclination angle, and the outer side of the steel core outer ring is provided with a groove; the waterproof gasket is fixed in a groove on the outer side of the steel core outer ring, and the rubber gasket is attached to the outer sides of the waterproof gasket and the steel core outer ring; the shape memory alloy ring is arranged between the two steel core outer rings, and the surface of the shape memory alloy ring is attached to the inner side inclination angle of the steel core outer ring; when external force is applied, the distance between the two steel core outer rings is compressed, the shape memory alloy rings deform due to extrusion of the steel core outer rings, and expand outwards to generate restoring force, so that energy is dissipated, and the device structure is enabled to reset.
2. The self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, further comprising n steel core inner rings, each of which is disposed between two of the steel core outer rings, wherein each of the steel core inner rings has an inclination angle on both sides; the number of the shape memory alloy rings is n +1, n is more than or equal to 1, wherein one side surface of each shape memory alloy ring at two ends is attached to the inner side inclination angle of the steel core outer ring, and the other side surface of each shape memory alloy ring is attached to the inner side inclination angle of the steel core inner ring; the two side surfaces of the shape memory alloy ring positioned in the middle are both attached to the inner ring of the steel core at an inclination angle.
3. The self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the contact surfaces of the waterproof gasket and the steel core outer ring and the contact surfaces of the waterproof gasket and the rubber gasket are bonded by waterproof glue, and the contact surfaces of the rubber gasket and the steel core outer ring are connected by vulcanization technology or bonded by waterproof glue.
4. The self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the inclination angle of the inner side of the outer ring of the steel core and the inclination angles of the two sides of the inner ring of the steel core are 15-25 °.
5. The self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel according to claim 2, wherein contact surfaces of the shape memory alloy ring and the outer steel core ring and the inner steel core ring are treated with grease, lubricating oil or a coating layer.
6. The self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the height of the inclination angle portion of the steel core outer ring is greater than half of the height of the shape memory alloy ring, and the height of the steel core inner ring is greater than the height of the shape memory alloy ring.
7. The self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel of claim 1, wherein the maximum diameter of the upper end of the steel core outer ring is larger than the maximum diameter of the shape memory alloy ring after being extruded.
8. The self-resetting energy dissipating device for shock absorption in a shield tunnel of claim 1, wherein the shape memory alloy ring has an elongation of less than 7% relative to the initial minimum diameter of the shape memory alloy ring when compressed to the maximum diameter.
9. The self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the steel core outer ring and the steel core inner ring are made of 38CrMoAl alloy material, the shape memory alloy ring is made of nickel-titanium alloy material, and the waterproof gasket is made of water-swellable rubber material.
10. The self-resetting energy dissipation device for shock absorption of a shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the edges of the lower end of the steel core outer ring and the inner side inclination outer ring surface are chamfered.
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| CN114263664A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-04-01 | 大连理工大学 | High-efficient coupling mechanism who compromises to bear and thermal-insulated demand |
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