CN111837616B - Cutting height adjusting device of multifunctional leaf crop harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting height adjusting device of a multifunctional leaf crop harvester, which mainly comprises a chassis adjusting mechanism, a power wheel, a harvesting mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a backing roller mechanism. The multifunctional leaf crop harvester is used for harvesting leaf crops with high quality by adjusting the cutting height and arranging a conveying mechanism according to the harvesting requirements of vegetables and different degrees of the land surface so that the crops stably fall into a harvesting basket. When the adjusted cutter is in a horizontal direction and has no inclination angle, the conveying mechanism drives the conveying belt to convey crops into the harvesting basket through the driving roller, and when the adjusted cutter has an inclination angle, an electric push rod in the supporting roller mechanism adjusts the position of the upper supporting roller according to the inclination angle so as to ensure that the conveying device can accurately convey the crops to fall into the harvesting basket. The design can harvest various leaf crops by adjusting the cutting height, adapts to different lands by adjusting the cutting angle, improves the universality of the machinery and improves the harvest quality of the leaf crops.

Description

A cutting height adjustment device of a multifunctional leaf crop harvester

technical field

The invention relates to a cutting height adjusting device of a multifunctional leafy crop harvester, which is mainly used in the leafy vegetable harvester and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

With the improvement of the level of agricultural mechanization and the change of crop planting mode, the multifunctional harvester that harvests several crops at the same time can not only reduce the cost of the machine, but also greatly improve the harvesting efficiency. Before working, the vegetable sweet potato stem tip harvester can adjust the height of the header according to the height of the sweet potato planting border and the growth of the stem tip, and the height of the stubble should be adjusted to 2 branch heights. If the cutting table is too high, the cutting device will not be able to cut the fresh and tender stem tips of a suitable height, which will affect the yield. If the header is fixed in the pitted land, it will cause the vegetables to be missed and reduce the quality of harvesting operations.

However, when encountering potholes or garden landscapes, the inclination of the cutter cannot be adjusted, resulting in a decrease in harvest quality or low-quality operations. The cutting height adjustment device of the leaf crop multifunctional harvester designed by the present invention adjusts the cutting height and angle of the vegetables according to the growth and eating characteristics of the vegetables, as well as the high and low potholes on the surface of the planting land, and is supplemented by a supporting conveying mechanism , to meet the harvesting requirements of different land and different crops and vegetables, and improve the harvesting quality of stem and leaf vegetable crops.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the leaf crop harvester has a single function for harvesting crops, and the harvest quality is not high due to the inability to adjust the cutting height and angle, the present invention provides a cutting height adjustment device for a multifunctional leaf crop harvester. The cutting height enables it to harvest several leaf crops, and by adjusting the cutting height and angle to adapt to different ground level changes, it improves the versatility and multi-function of the machine, and improves the harvest quality of leaf crops.

The present invention realizes the above-mentioned technical purpose through the following technical means.

A cutting height adjustment device for a multifunctional leaf crop harvester, comprising: a chassis adjustment mechanism 1, a power wheel 2, a harvesting mechanism 3, a conveying mechanism 4, and a roller mechanism 5; the chassis adjustment mechanism 1 includes a mounting frame 11, a stepper Motor 12, ball screw 13, fixed pin 14, mounting frame 11 is fixedly installed on the power wheel 2 by bearing, fixed pin 14 two ends are respectively fixedly connected with mounting frame 11 and ball screw 13, ball screw 13 and stepping motor 12 links to each other by coupling, and stepper motor 12 is fixed on the stringer 44; Harvesting mechanism 3 comprises grain reel 31, cutter 32, and grain reel 31 is fixed on stringer 44 by long bar, and cutter 32 is fixed on The front of the conveyor belt 41; the conveying mechanism 4 includes a conveyor belt 41, a driven roller 42, an active roller 43, and a longitudinal beam 44; the roller mechanism 5 includes an upper roller mechanism shaft 51, an upper roller 52, an electric push rod 53, and a lower roller The roller 54, the middle crossbeam 55, the upper roller mechanism shaft 51 is fixed on the longitudinal beam 44 with bearings, the upper roller mechanism 52 is fixedly connected with the upper roller mechanism shaft 51, the electric push rods 53 are installed in pairs, and one end is fixed on the longitudinal beam 44 1. One end supports the upper roller 52, the lower roller 54 is below the upper roller 52, the middle beam 55 is between the upper roller 52 and the lower roller 54, and the lower roller 54 and the middle beam 55 are fixedly installed on the longitudinal beam 44 .

The conveyor belt 41 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper roller 52 and the lower surface of the lower roller 54, the upper layer of the conveyor belt 41 passes through the upper surface of the upper roller 52 and the middle beam 55, and the lower layer of the conveyor belt passes through the lower roller 54 and the middle beam 55 of the lower surface.

The stepper motor 12 for adjusting the height of the chassis is provided with two pairs, and each pair adjusts the power wheel 2 on the same side. The stepper motor 12 adjusts the cutting height and angle by driving the ball screw 13 to be suitable for different leaf crops .

The upper roller 52 is fixedly connected with the upper roller mechanism shaft 51, the longitudinal beam 44 fixes the upper roller mechanism shaft 51 through the bearing, the upper roller 52 is used to support the conveyor belt 41, and the lower roller 54 and the middle beam 55 are fixed On stringer 44.

Described power wheel 2 is set as two pairs, and the built-in wheel hub motor of power wheel, the center line of power wheel 2 is the reference standard of the height of cutter 32 and angle, when needing to adjust cutting height and angle, required height is determined by step. Enter motor 12 to adjust.

The shaft 51 of the upper roller mechanism is arranged in the longitudinal beam 44 with bearings. When the heights on both sides of the conveying mechanism 4 are inconsistent, according to the inclination angle of the conveying mechanism, the electric push rod 53 supports the upper roller 52 to adjust the proper position to support the conveying Belt 41, to guarantee to transport crops normally.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly as follows: the harvest height requirements of different leaf crops are met, and the reusability of the harvester is improved; the cutting height adjustment is completed by the stepping motor driven ball screw; The crops fall into the harvest basket smoothly, effectively reducing missed cuts, thereby improving harvest quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the supporting roller mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the shaft of the upper roller mechanism and the upper roller of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the chassis adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of harvesting mechanism and conveying mechanism of the present invention;

The reference signs are explained as follows:

Chassis adjustment mechanism 1, mounting frame 11, stepping motor 12, ball screw 13, fixed pin 14, power wheel 2, harvesting mechanism 3, reel 31, cutter 32, conveying mechanism 4, conveyor belt 41, driven Kun 42, active kun 43, longitudinal beam 44, kun mechanism 5, upper kun mechanism shaft 51, upper kun 52, electric push rod 53, lower kun 54, middle beam 55.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, it is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention, including a chassis adjustment mechanism 1, a power wheel 2, a harvesting mechanism 3, a conveying mechanism 4, and a roller mechanism 5; the harvesting mechanism 3 includes a reel 31, a cutter 32 , conveying mechanism 4 comprises conveyor belt 41, driven roller 42, active roller 43, longitudinal beam 44, and reel 31 is fixed on the longitudinal beam 44 by long bar, and cutter 32 is fixed on conveyer belt 41 places ahead.

As shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic diagram of the roller mechanism of the present invention, the roller mechanism 5 includes an upper roller mechanism shaft 51, an upper roller mechanism 52, an electric push rod 53, a lower roller 54, an intermediate beam 55, and an upper roller mechanism shaft 51. The bearings are arranged in the longitudinal beam 44, the lower roller mechanism beam 56 is fixed on the longitudinal beam 44, the upper roller mechanism 52 is fixedly connected with the roller mechanism 51, and the electric push rods 53 are installed in pairs, and one end is fixed on the vertical frame. The beam 44 supports the upper roller 52 at one end, the lower roller 54 is below the upper roller 52, the middle beam 55 is between the upper roller 52 and the lower roller 54, and the lower roller 54 and the middle beam 55 are fixedly installed on the longitudinal beam 44 on.

As shown in Figure 3, it is the schematic diagram of the upper roller mechanism shaft and the upper roller mechanism of the present invention, the upper roller is fixedly connected with the upper roller mechanism shaft, the longitudinal beam 44 fixes the upper roller mechanism shaft 51 through the bearing, and the upper roller mechanism 52 For supporting the conveyor belt 41 , the lower roller 54 and the middle beam 55 are fixed on the longitudinal beam 44 .

As shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic diagram of the chassis adjustment mechanism of the present invention. The chassis adjustment mechanism 1 includes a mounting frame 11, a stepping motor 12, a ball screw 13, a fixed pin 14, and a power wheel 2. The mounting frame 11 is fixed to install the power wheel through a bearing. 2, the two ends of the fixing pin 14 are fixedly connected with the mounting frame 11 and the ball screw 13 respectively.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

The present invention is a multifunctional leaf crop harvester. The cutting height adjustment device is completed by a stepper motor 12 driving a ball screw 13. According to crop harvesting requirements and ground flatness, the required height and angle are adjusted. When the adjusted cutting height When the knife 32 has no inclination angle in the horizontal direction, the conveying mechanism 4 drives the conveyer belt 41 through the active roller to transport the crops to the harvest basket. When the adjusted cutter 32 has an inclination angle, the electric push rod 53 in the roller mechanism 5 will The angle of inclination adjusts the position of the upper roller 52 to ensure that the conveying mechanism 4 can accurately transport the crops and fall into the harvesting basket.

In the chassis lifting device 1, the mounting frame 11 is fixedly installed on the power wheel 2 through bearings, the fixed pin 14 is fixedly connected with the mounting frame 11, the fixed pin 14 is fixedly installed with the ball screw 13, and the stepping motor 12 is fixed on the longitudinal beam 44. , Adjusting the cutting height is accomplished by the stepper motor driving the roller screw, and the device for lifting the chassis can be replaced by a worm gear mechanism or a rack and pinion mechanism.

Described harvesting mechanism 3 comprises grain reel 31, cutter 32, and grain reel 31 is fixed on the stringer 44 by long bar, and cutter 32 is fixed on conveyer belt 41 front, passes through the movement of reel 31 and cutter 32 With cooperation, the leaf crops can be harvested better.

The conveyor belt 41 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper roller 52 and the lower surface of the lower roller 54, the upper layer of the conveyor belt 41 passes through the upper surface of the upper roller 52 and the middle beam 55, and the lower layer of the conveyor belt passes through the lower roller 54 and the middle beam 55 of the lower surface.

There are two pairs of stepping motors 12 for adjusting the height of the chassis, and each pair adjusts the power wheel 2 on the same side, and adjusts the height of the chassis by driving the ball screw 13; The upper roller 52 is used to support the conveyor belt 41 , and the lower roller 54 and the middle beam 55 are fixed on the longitudinal beam 44 .

Described power wheel 2 is two pairs, and the center line of front power wheel 2 is the height of cutter 32 and the benchmark of angle, when encountering high slope, header needs to rise, and required height is regulated by stepper motor movement; When the heights on both sides of the conveying mechanism 4 are inconsistent, according to the inclination angle of the conveying mechanism, the electric push rod 53 supports the upper roller 52 to adjust the proper position to ensure that the crops are accurately conveyed into the harvest basket.

A kind of multifunctional leaf crop harvester of the present invention, the operating steps of operation process are as follows:

Before the operation, adjust the height of the cutter 32 according to the type of the crop, the harvesting requirements and the flatness of the ground; during operation, the crop is dialed in by the reel 31, and the cutter 32 performs the cutting operation. The two sides of the mechanism 4 have different heights, and the electric push rod 53 in the roller mechanism 5 supports the upper roller 52 to adjust the proper position to ensure that the basket is harvested when the crops are accurately transported.

The described embodiment is a preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation, without departing from the essence of the present invention, any obvious improvement, replacement or modification that those skilled in the art can make Modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A cutting height adjustment mechanism for a multifunctional leaf crop harvester, mainly including: a chassis adjustment mechanism (1), a power wheel (2), a harvesting mechanism (3), a conveying mechanism (4), a roller mechanism (5 ); the chassis adjustment mechanism (1) includes a mounting frame (11), a stepping motor (12), a ball screw (13), a fixing pin (14), and the mounting frame (11) is fixedly installed on the power wheel (2) through a bearing , the two ends of the fixing pin (14) are respectively fixedly connected with the mounting bracket (11) and the ball screw (13), the ball screw (13) is connected with the stepping motor (12) through a coupling, and the stepping motor (12) Be fixed on the longitudinal beam (44); Harvesting mechanism (3) comprises reel (31) and cutter (32), and reel (31) is fixed on the longitudinal beam (44) by long pole, and cutter (32 ) is fixed in front of the conveyor belt (41); the conveyor mechanism (4) includes the conveyor belt (41), the driven roller (42), the driving roller (43) and the longitudinal beam (44); the supporting roller mechanism (5) includes the upper holder The roller mechanism shaft (51), the upper holder roller (52), the electric push rod (53), the lower holder roller (54) and the middle beam (55), and the upper holder roller mechanism shaft (51) is arranged on the longitudinal beam (44 ), the upper roller (52) is fixedly connected with the upper roller mechanism shaft (51), the electric push rods (53) are installed in pairs, one end is fixed on the longitudinal beam (44), and the other end supports the upper roller (52). The lower supporting roller (54) is below the upper supporting roller (52), and the lower supporting roller (54) and the middle beam (55) are fixedly installed on the longitudinal beam (44); The conveyor belt (41) is arranged on the upper surface of the upper roller (52) and the lower surface of the lower roller (54); The upper rollers (52) are arranged in pairs on the longitudinal beam (44), the upper rollers (52) are fixedly connected with the upper roller mechanism shaft (51), and the longitudinal beams (44) fix the upper roller mechanism through bearings Shaft (51). 2. The cutting height adjustment mechanism of a multifunctional leaf crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power wheels (2) are two pairs, the power wheels have built-in hub motors, and the front two power wheels The center line of wheel (2) is the height and the benchmark of angle of cutter (32). 3. The cutting height adjustment mechanism of a multifunctional leaf crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are two pairs of stepping motors (12), and each pair adjusts the power wheels (2 ), the stepper motor (12) adjusts the cutting height and angle by driving the ball screw (13) to be suitable for different leaf crops. 4. The cutting height adjustment mechanism of a multifunctional leaf crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper layer of the conveyor belt (41) passes the upper surface of the upper roller (52) and the middle beam (55) , the lower layer of the conveyor belt passes through the lower surface of the lower roller (54) and the middle beam (55). 5. The cutting height adjustment mechanism of a multifunctional leaf crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper roller (52) is used to support the conveyor belt (41), the lower roller (54) and The middle beam (55) is fixed on the longitudinal beam (44). 6. The cutting height adjustment mechanism of a multifunctional leaf crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the working process is mainly as follows: before operation, adjust the cutting height according to the type of crop, harvesting requirements and ground flatness. The height of the knife (32); when starting work, the cutting operation is performed by the reel (31) and the cutter (32), and when the adjusted cutter (32) is horizontal and has no inclination angle, the conveying mechanism (4) passes The active roller (43) drives the conveyor belt (41) to transport the crops to the harvest basket. When the adjusted cutter (32) has an inclination angle, the electric push rod (53) in the roller mechanism (5) adjusts the upper support according to the inclination angle. The position of the kun (52) is to ensure that the conveying mechanism (4) can accurately transport the crops and fall into the harvesting basket.

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