CN111706258B - Traction type hose auxiliary feeding device and method for radial well - Google Patents
Traction type hose auxiliary feeding device and method for radial well Download PDFInfo
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- CN111706258B CN111706258B CN202010552041.7A CN202010552041A CN111706258B CN 111706258 B CN111706258 B CN 111706258B CN 202010552041 A CN202010552041 A CN 202010552041A CN 111706258 B CN111706258 B CN 111706258B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
- E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock
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Abstract
The invention discloses a traction type hose auxiliary feeding device and method for a radial well, which relate to the field of oil and natural gas exploitation, and comprise the following steps: a high pressure drilling mechanism, comprising: a high pressure pump; a high pressure hose; a water jet drill bit; the steering device short section is used for the high-pressure hose to penetrate through and is provided with an opening; the steering device is provided with a steering channel, one end of the steering channel is vertically upward, the other end of the steering channel faces the horizontal direction, and the two ends of the steering channel are communicated through an arc-shaped structure; the auxiliary feeding mechanism comprises a traction rope, the high-pressure hose is provided with a plurality of connecting points arranged along the extending direction of the high-pressure hose, the traction rope can be separately connected with the high-pressure hose through the connecting points, the traction rope can extend from an opening of the steering gear nipple, and the high-pressure hose is sequentially and separately connected with the head part of the traction rope from the tail part to the head part; and the power device is used for winding and unwinding the traction rope. This application can promote the efficiency and the quality of radial well construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and natural gas exploitation, in particular to a traction type hose auxiliary feeding device and method for a radial well.
Background
Under the background that the energy demand in China is increasing, the oil gas dependence on the outside is high, the stable production pressure of middle and old oil fields is increased, the newly-discovered reserves are insufficient, and the residual oil is concentrated in the difficult-to-use areas such as thin layers, low-permeability layers and thick oil areas, the economic transformation of old wells and the use of residual oil resources become important subjects for stabilizing the oil gas yield of the country.
The radial horizontal well drilling technology is an emerging ultra-short radius well drilling technology, and is characterized in that one or more horizontal well bores which are radially distributed are drilled at corresponding positions in a vertical well bore in a radial direction by using a high-pressure water jet technology. The technology comprises the following main steps in an open hole stratum: a high-pressure hose of a water jet nozzle is connected to the tail end of the vertical shaft lowering, after the high-pressure hose finishes the posture adjustment of the nozzle through a steering gear, a water jet drill bit is connected to generate backward jet and feed water jet and forward jet rock breaking water jet so as to achieve continuous rock breaking drilling, and finally a micro radial borehole is formed in a target stratum.
The radial horizontal well drilling technology is applied or tested in the countries such as the United states, Canada, China, Argentina, Egypt, Vivian, Russia and the like, has obvious effect, can economically, environmentally and safely develop the hard-to-use reserves such as low permeability, high viscosity, marginal and thin oil reservoirs and the like of an oil field, carries out secondary development on the basis of old wells and even dead wells, achieves special operation which is difficult to realize by the conventional drilling technology, and can also be used as a yield-increasing mode for replacing fracturing in new wells. The technology can effectively improve the mobility of stratum fluid, effectively penetrate through a near-wellbore injury zone, increase oil drainage area, break structural limitation, communicate with a multi-production zone, increase movable resources of an oil reservoir, easily control the track of the movable resources, effectively avoid water coning and gas coning, and have obvious effects on improving the single-well yield of an oil-gas well and the oil-gas recovery ratio. In addition, the technology shows great application potential in the fields of development and utilization of coal bed gas and geothermal resources, well workover engineering, geotechnical drainage waterproof engineering and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the core issues of the radial well technology is how to accurately transfer the hydraulic energy generated at the surface to the target formation rock, even if the hydraulic energy generated by a surface high-pressure water pump is transferred to a downhole water jet drill bit by using pipelines such as coiled tubing, high-pressure hoses and the like, wherein the technology relates to a steering technology for converting the high-pressure pipeline from a vertical state in a vertical well to a horizontal state in a target radial well. The technology has been developed for 40 years, and the posture steering technology of the high-pressure hose gradually develops into that the high-pressure hose is directly steered in a steering gear by using a mechanical device after complex section milling and reaming operations are carried out on a sleeve. The steering gear is provided with an inlet, an outlet and a channel for the high-pressure hose so as to complete the angle adjustment of the high-pressure hose, and the operation efficiency and quality of the radial well are greatly improved. The following problems still remain:
1. the high-pressure hose can only provide retraction tension for the water jet drill bit and cannot provide advancing feeding force due to the limited material characteristics, so that the water jet drill bit can only distribute part of hydraulic energy and jet in the opposite direction of the drilling direction to generate self-advancing force. During the construction of radial wells, the water jet energy is mainly distributed on the in-situ pressure loss, propulsion jet and rock breaking jet. When the ground hydraulic energy is insufficient, the well depth is large, the turning radius of a steering gear is small (especially 90-degree steering), and the hardness of the rock of a target layer is large, the feeding resistance is too large, the hydraulic energy of the propelling jet flow or the rock breaking jet flow is insufficient, the drilling capability and the feeding capability are reduced, and the depth and the length of radial well construction are limited.
2. The high pressure hose may bend in the straight wellbore section, creating a large resistance when entering the diverter, and the water jet nozzle may get stuck inside the diverter, making it difficult for the water jet nozzle to extend out of the diverter.
3. Due to the fact that the high-pressure hose is prestressed, the water jet drill bit is not supported after being discharged out of the steering gear, and the factors such as sag, stratum heterogeneity and gravity exist, and the water jet drill bit is difficult to drill in a straight line in the stratum. The above problems limit the ultimate length and accuracy of radial well extension.
In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pull-type hose assisted feeding apparatus and method for radial wells, which can solve at least one of the above problems.
The specific technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
a pull-behind hose assisted feed for a radial well, the pull-behind hose assisted feed for a radial well comprising:
a high pressure drilling mechanism, comprising: a high pressure pump; a high pressure hose in communication with the high pressure pump; a water jet drill bit connected to the lower end of the high-pressure hose; the steering short section is used for the high-pressure hose to penetrate through and is provided with an opening; the steering gear is arranged in the steering gear nipple, a steering channel is arranged in the steering gear, one end of the steering channel is vertically upward, the other end of the steering channel faces the horizontal direction, two ends of the steering channel are communicated through an arc-shaped structure, and the high-pressure hose can penetrate through the steering channel and extend out of the steering gear nipple through the opening;
the auxiliary feeding mechanism comprises a traction rope, the high-pressure hose is provided with a plurality of connecting points arranged along the extending direction of the high-pressure hose, the traction rope is detachably connected with the high-pressure hose through the connecting points, the traction rope can extend from an opening of the steering gear nipple, and the high-pressure hose is detachably connected with the head part of the traction rope from the tail part to the head part in sequence; and the power device is used for winding and unwinding the traction rope.
Preferably, the pull line is lowered from an annulus between the diverter sub and a sidewall of the wellbore and extends into an opening in the diverter sub.
Preferably, when the high-pressure hose is pulled down in the steering pup joint and the steering gear, the traction rope is lifted up through the power device to pull down the high-pressure hose; when the drill bit of the water jet drill bit drills into the stratum in the radial direction, the traction rope pulls the high-pressure hose to extend out of the opening, so that the high-pressure hose extending out of the opening is kept stable horizontally.
Preferably, the connection point of the traction rope and the high-pressure hose which are detachably connected together are sequentially separated from the head part to the tail part of the high-pressure hose in the process that the drill head of the water jet drill bit continuously drills into the stratum.
Preferably, the pressure which can be output by the high-pressure pump is not less than 35MPa, and the high-pressure hose can bear the working pressure which is not less than 40 MPa.
Preferably, the hauling cable is a steel cable or an alloy cable, and the diameter of the hauling cable is less than or equal to 1/5 of the outer diameter of the high-pressure hose and is more than or equal to 1/10 of the outer diameter of the high-pressure hose.
Preferably, the hauling cable is combined on the high-pressure hose through an adhesive tape or a PE steel plastic tape at the connecting point of the high-pressure hose, and the distance between the adjacent connecting points is between 5cm and 10 cm.
Preferably, the length of the pull-in line is equal to or greater than twice the length of the radial well to be drilled.
Preferably, the pull-hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well further comprises:
a data measurement unit and a control unit, the data measurement unit comprising: the camera device is arranged on the steering gear nipple, is positioned at the opening and is used for observing the working condition of the water jet drill bit and sending collected data to the control unit; a high pressure pump pressure sensor for monitoring whether an unstable condition of sudden drop or sudden rise of pressure occurs and transmitting collected data to the control unit; the power device sensor is used for monitoring the position, the speed and the stress condition of the traction rope and sending collected data to the control unit; the control unit is used for collecting data collected by the camera device, the high-pressure pump pressure sensor and the power device sensor and controlling the high-pressure pump and the power device.
A pull-behind hose assisted feed method using a pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well as described above, comprising the steps of:
selecting an existing old vertical well or a new vertical well according to requirements;
the steering device short section is lowered to the target depth and the target position through the pipe column;
arranging the head of a traction rope at a wellhead, extending the tail of the traction rope into the steering gear nipple, returning the tail of the traction rope from an annulus to be connected with a power device through a steering channel of the steering gear and an opening of the steering gear nipple, separately connecting the traction rope with a high-pressure hose on the ground through a connecting point, and separately connecting the high-pressure hose with the head of the traction rope from the tail to the head in sequence;
a high-pressure hose is lowered into a steering gear of the steering gear nipple, and in the lowering process, the traction rope is retracted through a power device, so that the traction rope pulls the high-pressure hose to extend out of an opening of the steering gear nipple until the water jet drill head is aligned with a required drilling position;
starting a high-pressure pump to convey jet hydraulic power to the high-pressure hose, carrying out rock breaking drilling on a position needing drilling through the water jet drill bit, and withdrawing the traction rope according to the drilling speed in the continuous drilling process of the water jet drill bit, wherein connection points of the traction rope and the high-pressure hose which are detachably connected are sequentially separated from the head to the tail of the high-pressure hose;
and after the water jet drill bit enters the stratum for a preset length, all the traction ropes are withdrawn through the power device, and the high-pressure hose is withdrawn from the short section of the steering gear.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:
first, the mechanical traction through the pull cord replaces the hydraulic feed force to the high pressure hose. The general radial well nozzle propulsion needs to distribute partial hydraulic energy to generate feeding force in the opposite direction of drilling, and when the hydraulic energy is insufficient, the feeding force is small, and the rock breaking efficiency is low. The mechanical traction force adopted by the application can enable hydraulic energy to be concentrated in rock breaking, makes up pressure loss caused by on-way pressure loss, and improves the drillable depth and the drilling length of a radial well.
Secondly, the resistance caused by the steering angle of the high-pressure hose in the steering gear is overcome by the mechanical traction force of the traction rope. The smaller the turning radius of the steering gear is, the maximum resistance is particularly realized when the high-pressure hose is steered at 90 degrees, and the mechanical traction force adopted by the application can effectively overcome the resistance, so that the radial well track is kept strictly horizontal.
Thirdly, the traction rope is separately connected with the high-pressure hose through the connecting point, so that support can be provided for the horizontal section of the high-pressure hose steering gear when the horizontal section of the high-pressure hose steering gear does not drill into the stratum, the high-pressure hose is ensured to be kept in a horizontal state before entering the stratum, and the radial well track is further ensured to be kept horizontal.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the invention include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may choose from the various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the invention as a matter of case.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pull-behind hose assisted advancement device for a radial well when a water jet nozzle is not entering the formation according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pull-behind hose assisted feed device for a radial well after a water jet nozzle enters a formation in an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals of the above figures:
1. a high pressure pump; 2. a ground manifold; 3. a high pressure hose; 31. a connection point; 32. a separate connection point; 4. a water jet drill bit; 5. a diverter sub; 51. an opening; 6. an oil pipe; 7. a diverter; 71. a diversion channel; 8. a hauling rope; 9. a power plant; 10. an annulus; 11. a camera device; 12. a radial well; 13. an earth formation; 14. and (7) a plug.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, indirect connections through intermediaries, and the like. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In order to provide mechanical traction force for a high-pressure hose to overcome resistance of the high-pressure hose in a steering gear and enable the head of the high-pressure hose to be kept horizontally entering a stratum all the time, and improve efficiency and quality of construction of a radial well, a traction type hose auxiliary feeding device for the radial well is provided in the application, fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the traction type hose auxiliary feeding device for the radial well when a water jet nozzle does not enter the stratum in an embodiment of the invention, and fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the traction type hose auxiliary feeding device for the radial well after the water jet nozzle enters the stratum in an embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the traction type hose auxiliary feeding device for the radial well 12 can comprise: a high pressure drilling mechanism, comprising: a high-pressure pump 1; a high-pressure hose 3 communicating with the high-pressure pump 1; a water jet drill bit 4 connected to the lower end of the high-pressure hose 3; a steering nipple 5 for the high-pressure hose 3 to pass through, wherein the steering nipple 5 is provided with an opening 51; the steering gear 7 is arranged in the steering gear nipple 5, a steering channel 71 is arranged in the steering gear 7, one end of the steering channel 71 is vertically upward, the other end of the steering channel 71 faces the horizontal direction, two ends of the steering channel 71 are communicated through an arc-shaped structure, and the high-pressure hose 3 can penetrate through the steering channel 71 and extend out of the steering gear nipple 5 through the opening 51; the auxiliary feeding mechanism comprises a hauling rope 8, the high-pressure hose 3 is provided with a plurality of connecting points 31 arranged along the extending direction of the high-pressure hose, the hauling rope 8 is detachably connected with the high-pressure hose 3 through the connecting points 31, the hauling rope 8 can extend from an opening 51 of the steering pup joint 5, and the high-pressure hose 3 is detachably connected with the head part of the hauling rope 8 from the tail part to the head part in sequence; and the power device 9 is used for winding and unwinding the traction rope 8.
As shown in fig. 1, a pull-hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well 12 may include: a high-pressure drilling mechanism and an auxiliary feeding mechanism. Wherein, high-pressure drilling mechanism can include: the device comprises a high-pressure pump 1, a high-pressure hose 3, a water jet drill 4, a steering gear nipple 5 and a steering gear 7.
The high-pressure pump 1 is used to generate hydraulic energy for the water jet drill 4. The high-pressure hose 3 and the high-pressure pump 1 can be connected together by a surface manifold 2. The high-pressure hose 3 can penetrate through a wellhead in a sliding and sealing mode, a water jet nozzle is communicated with the bottom of the high-pressure hose, and the high-pressure hose can be connected with a positioning nipple while drilling to monitor the position of a water jet group drill bit in real time.
The water jet drill bit 4 is connected to the lower end of the high-pressure hose 3, and hydraulic energy is transmitted to the water jet drill bit 4 through the ground manifold 2 and the high-pressure hose 3. The water jet drill bit 4 breaks rock through high-pressure water jet, therefore, the pressure that high-pressure pump 1 can be exported is not less than 35Mpa, high-pressure hose 3 can bear the operating pressure that is not less than 40 Mpa.
The steering nipple 5 is used for the high-pressure hose 3 to pass through, the steering nipple 5 is provided with an opening 51, and the upper end of the steering nipple 5 can be connected with an oil pipe 6 to form a pipe column so as to lower and fix the steering nipple 5 to a target horizon and an azimuth. The upper and lower ends of the diverter sub 5 may be tapered to facilitate lowering and raising of the diverter sub 5. The bottom of the lower end of the steering nipple 5 is connected with a plug 14 through threads so as to ensure that the pipe column is not influenced by downhole fluid.
As shown in fig. 1, the steering gear 7 can be detachably and fixedly arranged in the steering gear nipple 5, a steering channel 71 is arranged in the steering gear 7, one end of the steering channel 71 is vertically upward, a vertically upward opening is tapered to ensure that the high-pressure hose 3 smoothly passes through the steering channel 71, the other end of the steering channel 71 faces the horizontal direction, and two ends of the steering channel 71 are communicated through an arc-shaped structure, so that the high-pressure hose 3 can extend into the steering channel from the vertically upward end, and then change phase after passing through the arc-shaped structure and extend out from the horizontal direction. The above structure is used for posture adjustment of the high-pressure hose 3 from a vertical state before entering to a horizontal state after exiting the steering gear 7.
The high-pressure hose 3 can be passed through the diverting channel 71 and extend out of the diverter sub 5 through the opening 51. The geometry of the diversion channel 71 determines the angle of the high-pressure hose 3 after exiting the diverter 7, and lubricating oil or rollers and the like can be arranged in the diversion channel 71, so that the friction resistance of the high-pressure hose 3 passing through the diversion channel 71 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary feed mechanism provides a feed force for the continued breaking of rock by the high pressure drilling mechanism, ensuring that it forms a stable, horizontal radial well 12 trajectory in the formation 13. The auxiliary feeding mechanism can comprise a traction rope 8 and a power device 9. The high-pressure hose 3 has a plurality of connection points 31 arranged along the extension direction thereof. The hauling cable 8 and the high-pressure hose 3 are detachably connected together through the connection points 31, the hauling cable 8 and the high-pressure hose 3 can be in a connection state at each connection point 31, and the hauling cable 8 and the high-pressure hose 3 can be separated at the connection point 31 when needed. The hauling cable 8 is lowered from the annulus 10 between the steering sub 5 and the side wall of the well bore and extends into the opening 51 of the steering sub 5. The pull-in rope 8 then extends through the opening 51 of the steering sub 5. The high-pressure hose 3 is detachably connected with the head part to the tail part of the traction rope 8 from the tail part to the head part in sequence. And the power device 9 is connected with the tail part of the traction rope 8 so as to retract and release the traction rope 8.
The water jet nozzles do not enter the ground 13, when the high-pressure hose 3 is lowered in the steering nipple 5 and the steering gear 7, the traction rope 8 and the high-pressure hose 3 are connected at each connection point 31, and thus, the traction rope 8 is lifted up by the power device 9 to pull down the high-pressure hose 3. When the drill bit of the water jet drill bit 4 drills into the stratum 13 in the radial direction, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the pulling rope 8 pulls the high-pressure hose 3 out of the opening 51 to keep the high-pressure hose 3 out of the opening 51 horizontal and stable, so as to provide support for the high-pressure hose 3 when not drilling into the stratum 13, ensure that the high-pressure hose 3 keeps a horizontal state before entering the stratum 13, and further ensure that the track of the radial well 12 keeps horizontal.
As shown in fig. 2, when the drill head of the waterjet drill 4 is continuously drilling into the formation 13, the connection point 31 where the pulling rope 8 and the high-pressure hose 3 are detachably connected together is sequentially separated from the head to the tail of the high-pressure hose 3. Therefore, the connection point 31 drilled into the stratum 13 on the high-pressure hose 3 can be separated from the traction rope 8, and the traction rope 8 is prevented from being influenced to provide support for the high-pressure hose 3 which is not drilled into the stratum 13.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the length of the pull string 8 is required to be equal to or greater than twice the length of the radial well 12 to be drilled. Therefore, the head of the traction rope 8 penetrating through the oil pipe 6 can be freely arranged outside the wellhead, the traction rope 8 penetrates through the wellhead in a sliding and sealing mode, and the traction rope is connected to power equipment along the tail portion of the annular space 10 behind the steering gear 7 in the oil pipe 6. The hauling cable 8 is a high-strength cable such as a steel wire rope or an alloy rope, the diameter of the high-strength cable is less than or equal to 1/5 of the outer diameter of the high-pressure hose 3, otherwise, the steering gear 7 is difficult to be taken out after being detachably connected with the high-pressure hose 3, the diameter of the hauling cable is more than or equal to 1/10 of the outer diameter of the high-pressure hose 3, and otherwise, the strength of the hauling cable 8 is insufficient.
At the connection point 31 of the high-pressure hose 3, the pulling rope 8 is bound to the high-pressure hose 3 by an adhesive tape (which may be a waterproof adhesive tape or a transparent adhesive tape) or a PE steel-plastic tape. The pulling rope 8 can be tightly connected to one side of the high-pressure hose 3, and should not be bent or even wound to be connected to the high-pressure hose 3, which would otherwise cause the pulling rope 8 to be blocked from separating, and cause the water jet drill 4 to be difficult to feed. The material used at the connecting points 31 has the preferable strength and the preferable distance between the connecting points 31, taking the adhesive tape as an example, the connecting points 31 only need 5-6 turns except for 8-10 turns of winding at the beginning and the end of the connecting points 31, each connecting point 31 can be separated by 5-10 cm, and the total length of the sections formed by all the connecting points 31 reaches 2-3 times of the length of the preset radial horizontal well. The bonding strength of the hauling cable 8 and the high-pressure hose 3 at the connection point 31 is too high (for example, the winding number of the adhesive tape is too large), the interval of the connection points 31 is too short, and the total length of all the sections formed by the connection points 31 is too short, so that the hauling cable 8 is difficult to separate, otherwise, the hauling cable 8 cannot provide enough feeding force, and even the hauling cable is directly disconnected from the high-pressure hose 3.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the power unit 9 provides an upward pulling force outside the oil pipe 6 (at the wellhead) by connecting the pulling rope 8, the pulling rope 8 in the annulus 10 transmits the pulling force to the joint section of the pulling rope 8 and the high-pressure hose 3, and the high-pressure hose 3 is pulled by the friction force of the joint section connecting point 31. The hauling cable 8 provides a feeding force for the high-pressure hose 3 to enable the water jet drill bit 4 to continue to feed broken rocks in the horizontal direction after the broken rocks are broken, and on the other hand, the connecting point 31 close to the front end is separated from the combined part just before the combined part enters the radial well 12, and the connecting point 32 which is converted into the separated connecting point moves upwards along with the hauling cable 8 outside the oil pipe 6. After completion of drilling the radial well 12, the power unit 9 separates the remaining joints at the connection points 31 and withdraws all the pull lines 8 from the annulus 10. The power equipment can be a stepping motor which can implement a monitoring stroke to determine the position of the water jet drill bit 4 and control the traction speed at any time. The power equipment should ensure that the length of the hauling cable 8 can be more than twice the well depth, and can provide enough power to ensure the withdrawing of the hauling cable 8 outside the oil pipe 6.
Preferably, the pull-hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well 12 may further comprise: a data measurement unit and a control unit, the data measurement unit comprising: the camera device 11 is arranged on the steering pup joint 5, the camera device 11 is positioned at the opening 51 and is used for observing the working condition of the water jet drill head 4, such as monitoring the position and the tracing track of the water jet drill head 4 and sending collected data to a control unit; a pressure sensor of the high pressure pump 1 for monitoring whether an unstable condition of sudden drop or sudden rise of pressure occurs and transmitting collected data to a control unit; the power device 9 sensor is used for monitoring the position, speed and stress condition of the traction rope 8 and sending collected data to the control unit; the control unit is used for collecting data collected by the camera device 11, the pressure sensor of the high-pressure pump 1 and the power device 9, and controlling the high-pressure pump 1 and the power device 9. The power plant 9 sensors may include displacement sensors, speed sensors and tension sensors. The control unit can receive and process data of the data measurement unit, monitor and eliminate risks in the construction of the radial well 12, and can control all elements in real time according to the data, including pressure adjustment and switching of the high-pressure pump 1, judgment of the trajectory of the water jet nozzle, adjustment of the working speed and mode of the power device 9 and the like.
A supplementary feed arrangement of towed hose for radial well 12 in this application has avoided water jet drill bit 4 to meet the card, and hydraulic energy is not enough, and the high-pressure hose 3 that the well track is not directly waited to cause is sent the resistance too big, and the power of sending into is not enough, goes out the flagging problem of high-pressure hose 3 behind the steering gear 7, and its simple structure economy, can accomplish radial well 12 horizontal drilling process high-efficiently.
The pull-hose assisted feed method using the pull-hose assisted feed apparatus for radial wells 12 of the present application is as follows, which may include the steps of:
and selecting the existing old vertical well or the new vertical well according to the requirement. If the wellbore has been cased, then a casing windowing operation is required.
The steering sub 5 is lowered through the pipe string to the target depth and orientation. The upper end of the diverter sub 5 may be connected to a tubing 6 to form a pipe string. And rotating the pipe column to select the position and then fixing the wellhead to ensure that the pipe column is completely fixed. In this embodiment, the formation 13 in the present application should be shallow in depth and open hole.
The head of a hauling rope 8 is arranged at a wellhead, the tail of the hauling rope 8 extends into the steering gear pup joint 5, the hauling rope 8 returns from an annular space 10 to be connected with a power device 9 through a steering channel 71 of a steering gear 7 and an opening 51 of the steering gear pup joint 5, the hauling rope 8 is detachably connected with a high-pressure hose 3 through a connecting point 31 on the ground, and the high-pressure hose 3 is detachably connected with the head of the hauling rope 8 from the tail to the head in sequence. The traction rope 8 and the high-pressure hose 3 are connected together in a separable mode, the traction rope 8 is connected to the high-pressure hose 3 through a connection point 31 on the ground, the adhesive tape is taken as the connection point 31 of the material, the other connection points 31 only need 5-6 circles except for 8-10 circles of winding at the beginning and the end of the combination section, the interval of each connection point 31 is 5-10 cm, and the total length of the connection points 31 is 2-3 times of the length of a preset radial horizontal well.
And (3) descending the high-pressure hose 3 into a steering gear 7 of the steering gear nipple 5, and in the descending process, withdrawing the traction rope 8 through a power device 9 so as to enable the traction rope 8 to pull the high-pressure hose 3 to extend out of an opening 51 of the steering gear nipple 5 until the water jet drill bit 4 is aligned with a required drilling position. In the process, the pipelines are firstly connected in a sealing way, and the high-pressure pump 1 is connected with the high-pressure hose 3 in a sealing way through the ground manifold 2. And then, the high-pressure hose 3 is put into the oil pipe 6 and the steering gear 7 of the steering gear nipple 5, in the putting-in process, the power equipment is started, the traction rope 8 is retracted at the maximum speed, the traction rope 8 provides tension for the high-pressure hose 3, until the water jet drill bit 4 moves out of the steering gear 7 from the ground to extend out of the opening 51 of the steering gear nipple 5, and finally the water jet drill bit 4 is aligned to the required drilling position.
As shown in fig. 2, the high-pressure pump 1 is started to deliver jet hydraulic power to the high-pressure hose 3, the water jet drill bit 4 is used for breaking rock and drilling at a required drilling position, the hauling cable 8 is withdrawn according to the drilling speed in the continuous drilling process of the water jet drill bit 4, and the connecting points 31 of the hauling cable 8 and the high-pressure hose 3 which are detachably connected are sequentially separated from the head to the tail of the high-pressure hose 3. In this step, the water jet drill bit 4 is contacted with the rock of the stratum 13 and then the rock is broken by the high-pressure water jet, at this time, the traction rope 8 is withdrawn at a slower speed, the traction rope 8 provides traction force for the high-pressure hose 3 so that the water jet drill bit 4 enters the stratum 13, and the radial well 12 is gradually formed. The connection point 31 near the forward end of the high pressure hose 3 will be disconnected from the pull line 8 just before the joint enters the radial well 12 and the transition to a separate connection point 32 will be carried up into the power unit 9 with the pull line 8 in the annulus 10. Of course, the pump pressure can be raised as much as safely allowed.
In the above steps, two different feeding modes of the high-pressure drilling mechanism can be realized by controlling the power device 9: one is continuous feed. After the water jet drill bit 4 enters the stratum 13, if the traction speed can be properly increased normally, after the water jet drill bit is fed for 1m, the water jet drill bit can be properly stopped from feeding, and the water jet drill bit can be fed again after fully breaking rock for 1 minute; if the normal continuous feeding is not available, the continuous feeding can be changed to another discontinuous feeding. The discontinuous feeding is as follows: after feeding for 1 minute, feeding was stopped for 1 minute, and feeding was repeated.
In the step, the pump pressure of the high-pressure pump 1, the vibration state of the high-pressure hose 3, the connection state at the connection point 31, the shape and the length of the residual high-pressure hose 3 on the ground, the stress state of the hauling cable 8, the noise of a water jet nozzle, the image of the camera device 11, and the comparison state of the hauling speed of the high-pressure hose 3 and the hauling speed of the hauling cable 8 are observed in the feeding process. So as to take care of the following operations at any time:
1. if the pump pressure suddenly rises or drops, which indicates that the pipeline is blocked or punctured, the pump should be stopped and the problem should be solved.
2. If the amplitude of the high-pressure hose 3 is too large, which may cause a tripping risk, the pump should be stopped to adjust the posture.
3. If the connection point 31 is broken or worn out, the pump should be stopped and reconnected.
4. If the hauling rope 8 is tightened, the noise of the water jet nozzle disappears gradually, the image of the camera device 11 is abnormal, the contrast state speed of the hauling speed of the high-pressure hose 3 and the withdrawing speed of the hauling rope 8 is seriously inconsistent, which indicates that the rock is broken and the resistance of the high-pressure hose 3 is too large, the feeding is stopped, if necessary, the power device 9 is made to emit part of the hauling rope 8, and if the hauling rope 8 is not tightened any more after lasting for 1-2 minutes, the feeding is continued; if the traction rope 8 is kept tight for a long time under the measures, the pump pressure is raised, and if the traction rope 8 is not tight any more after the pump pressure lasts for 1-2 minutes, the pump is continuously fed; if the pull rope 8 cannot be loosened by the above measures, the radial well 12 fails to drill, and the high-pressure hose 3 should be taken out for checking.
After the water jet drill bit 4 enters the stratum 13 for a preset length, all the hauling ropes 8 are withdrawn through the power device 9, and the high-pressure hose 3 is withdrawn from the steering gear nipple 5 and the inside of the oil pipe 6, so that the operation of the radial well 12 is completed.
The application has the following points:
first, the mechanical traction through the pull-cord 8 replaces the hydraulic feed force to the high-pressure hose 3. The general radial well 12 nozzle propulsion needs to distribute part of hydraulic energy to generate feeding force in the opposite direction of drilling, and when the hydraulic energy is insufficient, the feeding force is small, and the rock breaking efficiency is low. The mechanical traction force adopted by the application can enable hydraulic energy to be concentrated in rock breaking, make up for pressure loss caused by on-way pressure loss, and improve the drillable depth and the drilling length of the radial well 12.
Secondly, the mechanical traction via the traction cable 8 overcomes the resistance of the high-pressure hose 3 to the steering angle in the steering gear 7. The smaller the turning radius of the steering gear 7 is, the resistance is the largest especially when the high-pressure hose 3 is steered at 90 degrees, and the mechanical traction force adopted by the application can effectively overcome the resistance, so that the track of the radial well 12 is kept strictly horizontal.
Thirdly, the traction rope 8 is detachably connected with the high-pressure hose 3 through the connection point 31, so that support can be provided for the horizontal section of the steering gear 7 of the high-pressure hose 3 when the horizontal section does not drill into the stratum 13, the high-pressure hose 3 is ensured to be kept in a horizontal state before entering the stratum 13, and the track of the radial well 12 is further ensured to be kept horizontal.
All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that any of the described attributes that "may" include are optional. A plurality of elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well, the pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus comprising:
a high pressure drilling mechanism, comprising: a high pressure pump; a high pressure hose in communication with the high pressure pump; a water jet drill bit connected to the lower end of the high-pressure hose; the steering short section is used for the high-pressure hose to penetrate through and is provided with an opening; the steering gear is arranged in the steering gear nipple, a steering channel is arranged in the steering gear, one end of the steering channel is vertically upward, the other end of the steering channel faces the horizontal direction, two ends of the steering channel are communicated through an arc-shaped structure, and the high-pressure hose can penetrate through the steering channel and extend out of the steering gear nipple through the opening;
the auxiliary feeding mechanism comprises a traction rope, the high-pressure hose is provided with a plurality of connecting points which are arranged along the extending direction of the high-pressure hose, the traction rope is detachably connected with the high-pressure hose through the connecting points, the traction rope can extend from an opening of the steering device nipple, and the high-pressure hose is sequentially detachably connected with the head part of the traction rope from the tail part to the head part; and the power device is used for winding and unwinding the traction rope.
2. A pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well according to claim 1, wherein the pull-cord is lowered from the annulus between the diverter sub and the side wall of the wellbore and extends into the opening of the diverter sub.
3. A pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well according to claim 1 wherein the pull-cord is lifted by the power means to pull down the high pressure hose as it is lowered in the diverter sub and the diverter; when the drill bit of the water jet drill bit drills into the stratum in the radial direction, the traction rope pulls the high-pressure hose to extend out of the opening, so that the high-pressure hose extending out of the opening is kept stable horizontally.
4. The pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well of claim 1, wherein the connection point at which the pull string and the high pressure hose are detachably connected to each other is sequentially disconnected from the head to the tail of the high pressure hose during continuous drilling of the drill bit of the waterjet drill bit into the formation.
5. A pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well according to claim 1, wherein the high pressure pump is capable of delivering a pressure of not less than 35Mpa and the high pressure hose is capable of withstanding a working pressure of not less than 40 Mpa.
6. A pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well according to claim 1, wherein the pull-behind line is a steel or alloy wire having a diameter equal to or less than 1/5 and equal to or greater than 1/10 the outer diameter of the high pressure hose.
7. A pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well according to claim 1, wherein the pull-cord is attached to the high pressure hose by adhesive tape or PE steel tape at the connection points of the high pressure hose, the distance between adjacent connection points being between 5cm and 10 cm.
8. The pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well according to claim 1, wherein the pull-cord has a length equal to or greater than twice a length of the radial well to be drilled.
9. A pull-behind hose assisted feed apparatus for a radial well according to claim 1, further comprising:
a data measurement unit and a control unit, the data measurement unit comprising: the camera device is arranged on the steering gear nipple, is positioned at the opening and is used for observing the working condition of the water jet drill bit and sending collected data to the control unit; a high pressure pump pressure sensor for monitoring whether an unstable condition of sudden drop or sudden rise of pressure occurs and transmitting collected data to the control unit; the power device sensor is used for monitoring the position, the speed and the stress condition of the traction rope and sending collected data to the control unit; the control unit is used for collecting data collected by the camera device, the high-pressure pump pressure sensor and the power device sensor and controlling the high-pressure pump and the power device.
10. A pull-behind hose assisted feeding method using a pull-behind hose assisted feeding apparatus for a radial well according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
selecting an existing old vertical well or a new vertical well according to requirements;
the steering device short section is lowered to the target depth and the target position through the pipe column;
the head of a traction rope is arranged at a wellhead, the tail of the traction rope extends into the steering gear nipple from the steering gear nipple, the tail of the traction rope returns from the annulus to be connected with a power device through a steering channel of the steering gear and an opening of the steering gear nipple, the traction rope is detachably connected with the high-pressure hose through a connecting point on the ground, and the high-pressure hose is sequentially detachably connected with the head of the traction rope from the tail to the head;
a high-pressure hose is lowered into a steering gear of the steering gear nipple, and in the lowering process, the traction rope is retracted through a power device, so that the traction rope pulls the high-pressure hose to extend out of an opening of the steering gear nipple until the water jet drill head is aligned with a required drilling position;
starting a high-pressure pump to convey jet hydraulic power to the high-pressure hose, performing rock breaking drilling on a position needing drilling through the water jet drill bit, and withdrawing the traction rope according to the drilling speed in the continuous drilling process of the water jet drill bit, wherein connection points of the traction rope and the high-pressure hose which are detachably connected are sequentially separated from the head to the tail of the high-pressure hose;
and after the water jet drill bit enters the stratum for a preset length, all the traction ropes are withdrawn through the power device, and the high-pressure hose is withdrawn from the short section of the steering gear.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010552041.7A CN111706258B (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Traction type hose auxiliary feeding device and method for radial well |
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| CN202010552041.7A CN111706258B (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Traction type hose auxiliary feeding device and method for radial well |
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| CN111706258B true CN111706258B (en) | 2021-07-30 |
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| CN114458155B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2024-07-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Wellhead fixed radial drilling well completion method |
| CN115110896B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2024-09-17 | 徐梓辰 | Rigid-driven lateral drilling tool and drilling method thereof |
| CN113776972B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2024-03-12 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Dynamic testing method for rock breaking and pore forming process of high-pressure jet drill bit |
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| CN109594922A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-04-09 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | The method that water jet bores radial well operations |
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| US6419020B1 (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2002-07-16 | Ben Spingath | Hydraulic drilling method and system for forming radial drain holes in underground oil and gas bearing formations |
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