CN111693141B - Method for detecting field angle of solar radiometer - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
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- G01J1/0266—Field-of-view determination; Aiming or pointing of a photometer; Adjusting alignment; Encoding angular position; Size of the measurement area; Position tracking; Photodetection involving different fields of view for a single detector
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J2001/4266—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors for measuring solar light
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for detecting the field angle of a solar radiometer, which comprises the following steps: erecting a solar radiometer; acquiring longitude data, latitude data and altitude data of the time and the position of the solar radiometer by using a GPS; inputting longitude data, latitude data, altitude data and time acquired by a GPS into a solar radiometer; adjusting the solar radiometer to be aligned with the sun center; performing orthogonal cross scanning observation by using a solar radiometer, and storing observation signal data to acquire a graph corresponding to the rotation angle of the solar radiometer and the observation signal data; performing data quality control on the observed signal data; the observed signal data is processed to obtain the field angle of the solar radiometer. The invention solves the problem of larger detection deviation of the angle of view of the solar radiometer in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical instrument detection, in particular to a method for detecting the field angle of a solar radiometer.
Background
In the optical instrument, the detector of the optical instrument is taken as the vertex, and the included angle formed by two side lines of the maximum range of the object image of the measured object passing through the lens is called the angle of view. The angle of view is a fundamental parameter of the optical instrument, which not only determines the ability of the instrument to detect the range of objects, but also determines the entrance pupil intensity of the detected objects, which directly affects the accuracy of the optical instrument product. The angle of view is thus a central parameter for the design and observation of the optical instrument.
Because of errors of manufacturing process, assembly and the like, the actual field angle of the solar radiometer is different from an ideal value, meanwhile, when the solar radiometer measures direct solar radiation and sky scattered radiation, the obtained signal values are optical parameters, and because of factors such as light scattering, diffraction effect, distortion and the like, a certain deviation exists between a measured calculated value and a designed value. The solar radiometer field angle is a key parameter for transmitting calibration, and the accuracy of the solar radiometer field angle directly determines the accuracy of a calibration result. Therefore, in order to accurately obtain the calibration result of the instrument, the angle of view parameter of the instrument needs to be obtained.
The method is characterized in that a solar radiometer field angle measuring method based on a laser light source is recorded in an atmospheric and environment optical newspaper, a matrix scanning principle is adopted to detect the solar radiometer field angle, a specific principle is that the solar radiometer is aligned to the central position of the sun through a four-quadrant instrument, then a measuring lens barrel moves leftwards and downwards by 1 degree respectively, then the measuring lens barrel scans in a matrix from bottom to top and from right to left, the scanning area is a range of 2 degrees multiplied by 2 degrees, and the total data value of 441 observation signals is shown in fig. 7.
The ratio of the sphere product delta intercepted by the instrument probe cone to the square of the radius r is called solid angle omega, and the unit is expressed by the sphericity sr. The calculation formula of the matrix scanning solid angle can be expressed as follows:
in the formula (1), Δa is a small area of the sun and the vicinity thereof, E (0, 0) is a measured value at the center position of Δa, and E (x, y) is a measured value at any point (x, y) of the matrix scanning area coordinate system. In matrix scanning, the lens barrel scans at a step distance of 0.1 ° from left to right, and dxdy= 0.1X0.1 can be considered approximately because the step distance is particularly small.
According to the relationship between the solid angle and the field angle, the field angle FOV of the solar radiometer can be obtained:
this solution has the disadvantage that a set of matrix scan times of about 5 minutes is performed with a long period. Within 5 minutes, the sun position and intensity have changed due to the influence of earth rotation, atmosphere and environmental factors, and although the sun position can be partially corrected according to the observation time and longitude and latitude, the radiation intensity change cannot be corrected, and finally the calculation result is deviated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for detecting the field angle of a solar radiometer, which aims to solve the problem that the field angle of the solar radiometer in the prior art has larger detection deviation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for detecting an angle of view of a solar radiometer, comprising: erecting a solar radiometer; acquiring longitude data, latitude data and altitude data of the time and the position of the solar radiometer by using a GPS; inputting longitude data, latitude data, altitude data and time acquired by a GPS into a solar radiometer; adjusting the solar radiometer to be aligned with the sun center; performing orthogonal cross scanning observation by using a solar radiometer, and storing observation signal data to acquire a graph corresponding to the rotation angle of the solar radiometer and the observation signal data; performing data quality control on the observed signal data; the observed signal data is processed to obtain the field angle of the solar radiometer.
Further, the use of a solar radiometer for orthogonal cross scan observations comprises: moving the solar radiometer to the left by 1 degree along the horizontal direction; performing rotational scanning observation from left to right in a step of 0.1 degree until the sun center position deviates to the right by 1 degree; again adjusting the solar radiometer to be aligned with the sun center; moving the solar radiometer downwards by 1 degree along the vertical direction; and (3) performing rotational scanning observation from bottom to top in a step size of 0.1 degree until the sun is 1 degree away from the sun center.
Further, data quality control is performed on the observed signal data, including symmetry detection of the observed signal data.
Further, the symmetry detection of the observed signal data includes: calculating the difference of data on the left side and the right side of the level by taking signal data observed by a solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center; when the average difference of the data on two sides is better than 3%, the whole group of data is reserved; calculating the difference of data on the upper side and the lower side of the vertical by taking signal data observed by a solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center; when the average difference of the two-sided data is better than 3%, the whole set of data is retained.
Further, the data quality control is performed on the observed signal data, including the variation coefficient control is performed on the peak area of the observed signal data.
Further, the method for controlling the variation coefficient of the peak area of the observed signal data comprises the following steps: taking signal data observed by a solar radiometer aiming at a sun center as a center, and taking the degree of dispersion of the data within a range of 0.5 degrees in the horizontal left-right direction; when the degree of dispersion of the data in the range of 0.5 degrees in the horizontal left-right direction is less than 1.5 percent, the whole group of data is reserved; taking signal data observed by a solar radiometer aiming at a sun center as a center, and taking the discrete degree of the data within the range of 0.5 degrees in the vertical up-down direction; when the degree of dispersion of the data in the range of 0.5 degrees in the vertical up-down direction is less than 1.5%, the whole set of data is retained.
Further, processing the observed signal data includes: taking signal data observed by a solar radiometer aiming at a sun center as a center, taking data within a range of 0.5 degrees in the horizontal left-right direction to calculate a mean value, and taking the mean value as a peak signal value; and taking signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center, taking data within the range of 0.5 degrees in the vertical up-down direction to calculate a mean value, and taking the mean value as a peak signal value.
Further, the method for processing the observed signal data further includes: linear interpolation is carried out on the observation signals of 0.6 degree and 0.7 degree on the left side and the right side of the horizontal; the observed signals of 0.6 degrees and 0.7 degrees on the upper and lower sides of the vertical are linearly interpolated.
The method for detecting the field angle of the solar radiometer has the following technical effects:
1. according to the technical scheme, the orthogonal cross scanning mode is adopted to acquire the observation signal data, so that the time required by the matrix scanning mode is shorter than that required by the matrix scanning mode, and errors caused by solar radiation and atmospheric condition change can be reduced.
2. Compared with a matrix scanning scheme, the method has the advantages that the data quantity of the observed signals is smaller, and the processing speed is faster. By means of multiple average, the influence of random errors can be reduced, the calculation accuracy of the angle of view is improved, and the transfer calibration or inversion is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of rotation angle versus power as a solar radiometer passes through the sun;
FIG. 2 is a theoretical simulation of the difference in radius delta and the overlap area S;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an orthogonal cross scan of a solar radiometer;
FIG. 4 is a graph of solar radiometer rotation angle versus observed signal data in the horizontal direction;
FIG. 5 is a graph of solar radiometer rotation angle versus observed signal data in the vertical direction;
FIG. 6 is a line graph of linear interpolation of the rotation angle of the solar radiometer in the range of 0.6 degrees to 0.7 degrees;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of observation signal data in a matrix scanning coordinate system in a matrix scanning manner.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the design concept of the present invention, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the solution of the present invention, the following description will clearly and fully describe the solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is to be understood that the examples described are only some, but not all, examples of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the examples herein without making any inventive effort shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between similar objects and should not be construed as a particular order or sequence, it being understood that such uses may be interchanged where appropriate.
The invention provides a method for detecting the field angle of a solar radiometer, which aims to solve the problem of larger detection deviation of the field angle of the solar radiometer in the prior art.
In this embodiment, the model of the solar radiometer is CE318, and the design value of the field angle of the CE318 solar radiometer is 1.3 degrees. In the present invention, the principle of calculation of the angle of field is described as follows.
As shown in FIG. 1, the solar radiometer field angle can be divided into full field 2 theta based on the change in power as the sun passes over the radiometer field 3 Half intensity field of view 2 theta 2 Non-obscuration field of view 2 theta 1 。
Theoretical simulation is carried out according to the observation mode of the solar radiometer: the solar radiometer detector is considered to be a circular ring with a radius r 1 The sun is also a circular ring with radius r 2 The difference between the two radii is defined as δ, and the overlapping area S of the two rings during movement of the sun ring can be expressed as:
in this embodiment, the solar radiometer is CE318, preferably r 1 The value of (2) is set to 0.65, r 2 The theoretical simulation result is shown as fig. 2, wherein according to the design characteristics of the CE318 solar radiometer, the required field angle refers to the included angle in clear imaging, namely, the field angle of the CE318 solar radiometer refers to the half-light intensity field angle 2θ 2 。
Therefore, in actual observation, the overlapping area is represented by the radiation intensity of the observed signal value, the maximum value of the observed signal is the area of complete overlapping, and the moving step length corresponding to the half value of the maximum observed signal data is found out in the observed signal sequence, and the field angle of the solar radiometer is the field angle of the solar radiometer.
The specific method for detecting the field angle of the solar radiometer in this embodiment is as follows:
an open flat open floor, preferably a hard floor mounted mounting bracket and solar radiometer, is selected.
GPS is used to obtain longitude data, latitude data, and altitude data for the time and location of the solar radiation gauge.
Longitude data, latitude data, altitude data, and GPS acquisition time are input into the solar radiometer.
And adjusting the solar radiometer to aim at the center of the sun, specifically, executing a PARK instrument return-to-zero command on a control box on the solar radiometer, searching the sun by the GOSUN according to longitude and latitude, rotating an instrument mechanical arm chassis, adjusting for multiple times until the equipment can aim at the sun after executing the GOSUN, and accurately aiming at the sun after executing TRACK.
Performing orthogonal cross scanning observation by using a solar radiometer, and storing observation signal data; specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the use of a solar radiometer for orthogonal cross scan observation includes: moving the solar radiometer to the left by 1 degree along the horizontal direction, and performing rotational scanning observation from the left to the right by 0.1 degree step length until the solar radiometer deviates from the sun center position to the right by 1 degree; again adjusting the solar radiometer to be aligned with the sun center; moving the solar radiometer downwards by 1 degree along the vertical direction; and (3) performing rotational scanning observation from bottom to top in a step size of 0.1 degree until the sun is 1 degree away from the sun center.
In the above steps, the program of cross scanning may be stored in the solar radiometer in advance, specifically, the operation on the CE318 is to execute PARK, GOSUN, TRACK, CROSS observation sequences on the control box in sequence, perform orthogonal cross scanning observation, click SAVE DATA after the scanning observation is completed, and store the DATA in the control box memory chip.
As shown in table 1, in this embodiment, five groups are obtained in total in the divided period.
Table 1 five groups of times UTC time
From the above data, a graph of the rotation angle of the solar radiometer and the corresponding graph can be obtained as shown in fig. 4 and 5.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the peak area is not flat even in the completely overlapped area due to the distribution characteristics of the solar radiation surface and the instrument noise influence, and the value drop is more obvious in the boundary areas of 0.6 degrees and-0.6 degrees, so that the five groups of detection data are required to be processed to control the quality of the obtained data.
The method for detecting the symmetry of the observed signal data specifically comprises the steps of taking the signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as the center, and calculating the difference of the data on the left side and the right side of the level. Calculating the difference of data on the upper side and the lower side of the vertical by taking signal data observed by a solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center; when the average difference of the data is better than 3%, the whole set of data is retained. As shown in table 2, in this example, the average difference of five sets of data was better than 3%, and the values of five sets of data were all retained.
Table 2 data were measured symmetrically in horizontal and vertical directions centered at 0 degrees
The method comprises the steps of performing variation coefficient control on a peak area of observed signal data, taking the degree of dispersion of the data within a range of 0.5 degrees in the horizontal left-right direction into consideration of observed signal distribution; taking signal data observed by a solar radiometer aiming at a sun center as a center, and taking the discrete degree of the data within the range of 0.5 degrees in the vertical up-down direction; as shown in Table 3, in this example, the average symmetry value of the five data sets was less than 1.5%, and the five data sets were all retained.
TABLE 3 degree of discretization within 0.5 degree
The five groups of observed signal data meet the requirements, the five groups of observed signal data are processed to determine peak signal values, specifically, the signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center are taken as the center, and the data within the range of 0.5 degree in the horizontal left-right direction are taken as the average value to be used as the horizontal peak signal values; and taking signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center, taking data within the range of 0.5 degrees in the vertical up-down direction to calculate a mean value, and taking the mean value as a vertical peak value signal value. As shown in table 3, the mean value for each set of data is already available.
The processing of the five groups of observation signal data further comprises linear interpolation of the observation signals, specifically, linear interpolation of the observation signals of 0.6 degrees and 0.7 degrees on the left side and the right side of each group of data in the horizontal direction; the observed signals of 0.6 degrees and 0.7 degrees on the upper side and the lower side in the vertical direction are subjected to linear interpolation. The result of the linear fitting is shown in fig. 6, and the calculated view angle result of the solar radiometer is shown in table 4 because the half peak result corresponds to the half view angle. From this, it can be seen that the calculated field angle results for the five sets of data are very close, with a mean value of 1.2983, whereas the design field angle for the solar radiometer is 1.30 °. Therefore, the calculated angle of view has small difference from the design value, the deviation is about 0.13%, the new calculation method is reliable, and meanwhile, the influence of random errors can be filtered through calculation of a plurality of measurement mean values, so that the measured value is closer to the true value.
| Time | 3:12:51 | 3:12:41 | 3:23:46 | 3:23:36 | 4:16:40 | 4:16:30 | 4:20:45 | 4:20:34 | 4:26:52 | 4:26:42 |
| θ | 0.649 | 0.6491 | 0.6489 | 0.6491 | 0.649 | 0.6492 | 0.6492 | 0.6493 | 0.6493 | 0.6493 |
| 2θ | 1.298 | 1.2982 | 1.2978 | 1.2983 | 1.298 | 1.2984 | 1.2985 | 1.2986 | 1.2987 | 1.2985 |
As shown in table 4, the half angle of view θ and the full angle of view 2θ were calculated from interpolation.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
Finally, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments employed for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for detecting the angle of view of a solar radiometer, comprising:
erecting a solar radiometer;
acquiring longitude data, latitude data and altitude data of the time and the position of the solar radiometer by using a GPS;
inputting the longitude data, the latitude data, the altitude data and the time acquired by the GPS into the solar radiometer;
adjusting the solar radiometer to be aligned with the sun center;
performing orthogonal cross scanning observation by using the solar radiometer, and storing observation signal data to acquire a graph corresponding to the rotation angle of the solar radiometer and the observation signal data;
performing data quality control on the observed signal data;
processing the observation signal data to obtain the field angle of the solar radiometer;
wherein the field angle of the solar radiometer is a moving step length corresponding to a half of the numerical value of the maximum observed signal data found in the observed signal sequence, the overlapped area is represented by the radiation intensity of the observed signal value, the maximum value of the observed signal is the completely overlapped area, the detector of the solar radiometer is a circular ring, and the radius of the circular ring is r 1 The sun is a circular ring with radius r 2 The difference between the two radii is defined as delta, and the overlapping area S during movement of the sun ring is expressed as:
the field angle of the solar radiometer is half-light intensity field angle 2 theta 2 。
2. The method for detecting the angle of view of a solar radiometer according to claim 1, where using said solar radiometer for orthogonal cross scan observations comprises:
moving the solar radiometer to the left by 1 degree along the horizontal direction;
performing rotational scanning observation from left to right in a step of 0.1 degree until the sun deviates from the sun center position to the right by 1 degree;
readjusting the solar radiometer to be aligned with the sun center;
moving the solar radiometer downwards by 1 degree along the vertical direction;
and (3) performing rotational scanning observation from bottom to top in a step size of 0.1 degree until the sun is 1 degree away from the sun center.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the data quality control of the observed signal data comprises symmetry detection of the observed signal data.
4. A method of detecting the angle of view of a solar radiometer as defined in claim 3 wherein said symmetry detection of said observed signal data comprises:
calculating the difference of data on the left side and the right side of the level by taking signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center; when the average difference of the data on two sides is better than 3%, the whole group of data is reserved;
calculating the difference of data on the upper side and the lower side of the vertical by taking signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center; when the average difference of the two-sided data is better than 3%, the whole set of data is retained.
5. The method for detecting the angle of view of a solar radiometer according to claim 2, wherein the data quality control of the observed signal data includes a coefficient of variation control of a peak region of the observed signal data.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of controlling the variation coefficient of the peak area of the observation signal data comprises:
taking signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center, and taking the degree of dispersion of the data within the range of 0.5 degrees in the horizontal left-right direction;
when the degree of dispersion of the data in the range of 0.5 degrees in the horizontal left-right direction is less than 1.5 percent, the whole group of data is reserved;
taking signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center, and taking the discrete degree of the data within the range of 0.5 degrees in the vertical up-down direction;
when the degree of dispersion of the data in the range of 0.5 degrees in the vertical up-down direction is less than 1.5%, the whole set of data is retained.
7. The method of detecting a solar radiometer field angle as defined in claim 2 wherein processing said observed signal data comprises:
taking signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center, taking data within the range of 0.5 degrees in the horizontal left-right direction to calculate a mean value, and taking the mean value as a peak signal value;
and taking signal data observed by the solar radiometer aiming at the sun center as a center, taking data within the range of 0.5 degrees in the vertical up-down direction, calculating a mean value, and taking the mean value as a peak signal value.
8. The method of detecting a solar radiometer field angle as defined in claim 2 wherein processing said observed signal data comprises:
linear interpolation is carried out on the observation signals of 0.6 degree and 0.7 degree on the left side and the right side of the horizontal;
the observed signals of 0.6 degrees and 0.7 degrees on the upper and lower sides of the vertical are linearly interpolated.
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| CN103175503A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for measuring included angle between solar directional direction and optical axis of radiometer |
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