CN111692270B - Negative Poisson ratio cell element and honeycomb structure thereof - Google Patents
Negative Poisson ratio cell element and honeycomb structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111692270B CN111692270B CN202010575614.8A CN202010575614A CN111692270B CN 111692270 B CN111692270 B CN 111692270B CN 202010575614 A CN202010575614 A CN 202010575614A CN 111692270 B CN111692270 B CN 111692270B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
- B60R2019/186—Additional energy absorbing means supported on bumber beams, e.g. cellular structures or material
- B60R2019/1866—Cellular structures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
- F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids
- F16F2224/0266—Materials; Material properties solids porosity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a negative Poisson ratio cell element and a honeycomb structure thereof. The honeycomb stacking structure with stronger performance can be obtained by combining the cell elements with the honeycomb structure, and the adjacent rows of cell elements are connected by using the connecting rods, so that the two-dimensional and three-dimensional honeycomb structures applicable to different application scenes are obtained. Compared with the traditional structure, when the energy-absorbing and impact-resisting structure is subjected to external load, the vertical rods connected with the arc edges inside can resist the deformation of the arc edges, so that higher energy-absorbing and impact-resisting and bearing performances are realized. The invention overcomes the defects of overlarge internal gap, unstable deformation of concave angles at two sides and poor bearing capacity of the traditional negative Poisson ratio structure, has better impact resistance, bearing and energy absorption capacities, has simple and effective structure, and has wider application range of a honeycomb structure designed by using cell elements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new materials, and particularly relates to a negative Poisson ratio cell element and a honeycomb structure formed by the cell element.
Background
Materials and structures widely used in nature generally have a positive poisson's ratio, which decreases in cross-sectional area when subjected to uniaxial tension and increases in cross-sectional area when compressed. Lakes obtained Negative Poisson's Ratio (NPR) foam materials for the first time by heat treatment of polyurethane foam, and Evans et al realized the Negative poisson's ratio effect in studying polytetrafluoroethylene with a microporous structure in 1989 and named auxetic materials. Compared with the traditional material, the auxetic material with the negative Poisson ratio effect can expand laterally when being stretched, and the abnormal 'auxetic' behavior ensures that the negative Poisson ratio honeycomb material has higher impact resistance, shearing resistance and energy absorption capacity. The negative Poisson ratio structure effectively absorbs energy in automobile collision, simultaneously, the material shrinks and compacts, the crushing amount is effectively reduced, the contradiction between energy absorption and crushing distance is greatly adjusted, and the research on the negative Poisson ratio structure with good energy absorption and collision resistance is very important for automobile collision protection and light weight.
Scholars design structures meeting the deformation characteristic of the negative Poisson ratio according to macroscopic physical models in the research on the negative Poisson ratio structures in China. Rothenburg partially recesses a macrostructure consisting of a rod, a slider and a spring, achieving a negative poisson's ratio characteristic. At present, most of researches are carried out on a concave angle hexagonal structure, and scholars at home and abroad carry out a large amount of impact simulation researches on the concave angle hexagonal structure and discuss the negative poisson ratio deformation characteristic and the structural performance of the concave angle hexagonal structure. The trekkiso et al have studied the in-plane impact dynamics of the reentrant hexagonal structure. Qiang et al have conducted comparative studies on structures such as reentrant hexagons, and have found that reentrant hexagons have stable energy absorption effects, but the energy absorption is still not ideal due to excessive porosity. Wang et al combine reentrant angle hexagon structure and car front end energy-absorbing box, and research results show that negative poisson ratio front end protection architecture can improve car front end protection performance.
The main problems and drawbacks of the prior art include:
although the application research of the conventional reentrant angle hexagonal structure in the fields of automobile collision and the like shows that the conventional reentrant angle hexagonal structure has a good protection effect, the conventional structure also has the defects of high void ratio and unstable deformation of reentrant angles at two sides in the research, the conventional structure has high deformation speed when being subjected to external load, poor resistance to the external load and insufficient bearing capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems and disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a negative poisson's ratio cell and a honeycomb structure thereof, which have better load-bearing and external impact-resisting capabilities than the conventional structure due to the counteracting effect of the cell when deformed. The simple cell structure has limitation in coping with a complicated application scene, so the cell structure is combined with a honeycomb structure which is widely applied at present, and a two-dimensional or three-dimensional honeycomb structure is formed by arranging and combining cells. The two-dimensional honeycomb structure formed by the arrangement of the cells can be widely applied to plane structures such as an energy absorption interlayer, the three-dimensional honeycomb structure can be applied to three-dimensional filling scenes such as an automobile energy absorption box, the cells in the structure of the honeycomb structure all have the characteristic of typical negative Poisson ratio two-way shrinkage when compressed by external impact, and the bearing performance of a single cell and the combined bearing performance between adjacent cells are more excellent.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a negative Poisson ratio cell element comprises six edges, wherein the left side and the right side are arc edges, the upper side and the lower side are long edges, two inner vertical rods are arranged in the cell element and are respectively connected with the arc edges of the left side and the right side, and the cell element structure is distributed in a vertically and horizontally symmetrical mode.
Preferably, the structural deformation mode takes on a form of shrinkage in the middle in both the load compression direction and the vertical load direction when compressed by the upper load; when stretched under a load, the structural deformation modes expand outward.
Preferably, the arc edge is concave towards the inside, and four arc included angles are formed at the intersection of the arc edge and the long edge.
Preferably, the included angle of the arc ranges from 10 degrees to 90 degrees.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shape and the thickness of the long side and the arc side are the same.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shape adopted by each side of the cell structure comprises a quadrangle and a circle.
A honeycomb structure formed by an arrangement of negative poisson's ratio cells as described above.
Preferably, the honeycomb structure is arranged in a number of columns in the transverse direction and in a number of rows in the longitudinal direction.
Furthermore, in each row, two adjacent cell elements are connected through a connecting edge, and the connecting edge is connected with the arc edges of the two adjacent cell elements to be sequentially arranged and combined; in each row, adjacent cells are arranged and combined by sharing a long side.
Preferably, the honeycomb structure is formed by arranging and combining three-dimensional cell structures, each three-dimensional cell structure is formed by two orthogonal negative poisson ratio cells, the three-dimensional cells have four arc sides, a connecting side is used at the arc sides and is arranged in an expanding mode towards two plane directions, and a common long side is used in the other plane direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) when the cell element is under external pressure, the arc edges on the two sides can contract inwards along the arc bending direction, the traditional concave angle hexagonal structure has no structure inside, the gap is too large, and the left side and the right side deform violently when being impacted, the vertical rod connected with the arc edges is added in the designed structure, the arc edges deform slowly and stably by resisting the arc edges through the blocking of the vertical rod when the arc edges contract inwards, the cell element structure deforms stably and has obvious impact resistance, different deformation effects can be realized by adjusting the thickness of the inner vertical rod, after the thickness of the inner vertical rod is reduced, the counteracting effect of the inner vertical rod and arcs on the two sides can be weakened, at the moment, the two-way contraction form of the structure is quick, the relative density of the whole structure can be enhanced, and higher bearing capacity can be achieved in the later stage of stressed deformation; after increasing the thickness of the inner vertical rod, the counteracting effect is enhanced.
(2) The deformation characteristics of the cell elements can be connected and transmitted by using the connecting edges of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional honeycomb structures designed by using the cell elements, so that the honeycomb structure is more uniform and superior in overall two-way shrinkage performance, and the overall energy absorption effect and bearing capacity are stronger.
(3) The cell and the honeycomb structure thereof can be designed into buffer fillers applied to different scenes, and can also be made into other anti-collision and anti-impact structures.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative poisson's ratio cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of a two-dimensional honeycomb structure provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a two-dimensional honeycomb structure completely arranged.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a deformation of a two-dimensional honeycomb structure after being subjected to a pressure.
Figure 5 is a graph of energy absorption for a conventional structure compared to a two-dimensional honeycomb structure provided by the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a comparative plot of specific energy absorption of a conventional structure versus a two-dimensional honeycomb structure provided by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph comparing impact forces for a conventional structure and a two-dimensional honeycomb structure provided by the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic connection diagram of a three-dimensional honeycomb structure provided by the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional honeycomb structure in which the whole is arranged.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a long side; 2. an arc included angle; 3. an inner vertical rod; 4. arc edge; 5. and connecting the edges.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention aims to obtain a structure with stronger bearing capacity and energy absorption effect than the traditional negative Poisson ratio structure, thereby enlarging the practical application range of the negative Poisson ratio structure. The structure can be formed by combining a plurality of rods with section thickness or integrally formed by a material printing technology, the used materials can be the same or different, and the materials can be common materials for manufacturing.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a negative poisson's ratio cell element structure, which comprises two long sides 1, four arc included angles 2, two inner vertical rods 3 and two arc sides 4, wherein the value range of the arc included angles 2 is 10-90 degrees, the larger the angle of the arc included angles 2 is, the closer the structure is to a square, and the larger the transverse deformation is when the structure is impacted; when the angle of the arc included angle 2 is smaller, the deformation and shrinkage negative Poisson ratio characteristics of the cell elements are weaker, and the whole structure is a symmetrical structure.
When the cell is compressed by external impact, the long edge 1 is connected with an external structure in the impact compression direction, then compression deformation is generated to the inner center in the longitudinal direction under the action of external load, the cell size in the longitudinal direction is reduced, at the moment, the pressure is transmitted to the arc edge 4 when the long edge 1 deforms, the arc edge 4 deforms along the arc bending direction, namely, the arc edges 4 on two sides bend and deform towards the inner center of the cell; when the arc edge 4 is bent and deformed, because the inner vertical rod 3 is connected with the arc edge 4, the inner vertical rod 3 is subjected to the force transmitted by the bending of the arc edge 4, thereby giving reverse resistance to the arc edge 4, the arc edge and the arc edge form a counteracting effect of mutual resistance and deformation, at the moment, the cell structure generates a deformation form of two-way shrinkage on the whole, has obvious negative Poisson ratio effect, moreover, due to the counteracting effect in the cell element, the arc edges 4 at the two sides of the cell element structure deform more stably, the whole structure has stronger impact resistance than the traditional structure, the energy absorption and impact resistance are improved obviously, the cell structure can realize different deformation effects by adjusting the thickness of the inner vertical rod 3, after the thickness of the inner vertical rod 3 is reduced, the counteracting effect of the inner vertical rod 3 and the arc edges 4 at the two sides can be weakened, the two-way contraction mode of the structure is fast, the relative density of the whole structure can be enhanced, and therefore higher bearing capacity can be achieved in the later stage of stress deformation; the counteracting effect is increased by increasing the thickness of the inner vertical rod 3.
Fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of a cellular two-dimensional honeycomb structure, which is formed by arranging and combining cellular structures, wherein adjacent cell arc sides 4 are connected by connecting sides 5 in the transverse direction, and the cellular two-dimensional honeycomb structure is arranged by a common long side 1 of the cells in the longitudinal direction.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional honeycomb structure with cells arranged completely, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a deformation of the two-dimensional honeycomb structure after being subjected to pressure. When the two-dimensional honeycomb structure is stressed, each cell element has the negative Poisson ratio characteristic of two-way shrinkage deformation in different degrees, the connecting edges 5 combine the adjacent rows of cell elements together, at the moment, the connecting edges 5 play a role in load deformation transmission, the honeycomb structure integrally has the obvious negative Poisson ratio deformation characteristic, and the honeycomb structure with different deformation forms can be obtained by adjusting the connecting edges 5. If the connecting edge 5 is too short, the gap between the row and column cells becomes very small, the transmission effect of the connecting edge 5 is extremely strong when external impact pressure is applied, the whole shrinkage form of the honeycomb structure is stronger, the shrinkage speed is higher, and the internal density and hardness are higher, so that the impact force transmitted by the upper side and the lower side can be better resisted; if the connecting edge 5 is too long, the gap between the row cells and the column cells becomes large, the transmission action of the connecting edge 5 between the row cells and the column cells is weak, the honeycomb structure basically does not transversely present a form of shrinking towards the center, the cells between rows and columns of the honeycomb structure deform line by line at the moment, the cells in the upper row deform fully and are flattened and then are transmitted to the lower row, each cell in the honeycomb structure deforms fully along with the rows and the columns of the cells and absorbs energy, and the bearing capacity of the whole honeycomb structure is not as short as that of the connecting edge 5, but the energy absorption effect is extremely strong. The method is suitable for scenes which only need plane filling, such as sandwich plates, automobile door interiors and the like.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the comparison of the energy absorption of the conventional structure and the two-dimensional honeycomb structure of the present invention, and the comparison of the structure of the present invention and the conventional structure is performed under the same simulation conditions, and it can be seen from the energy absorption curve that the energy absorption of the structure of the present invention is substantially twice that of the conventional structure, and the structure of the present invention has a higher energy absorption effect than that of the conventional structure.
Fig. 6 shows a comparison of the specific energy absorption of the conventional structure and the two-dimensional honeycomb structure of the present invention, which is characterized by the ratio of the energy absorption to the mass of the structure, and the specific energy absorption of the structure of the present invention is much higher than that of the conventional structure, which means that the structure of the present invention has better energy absorption efficiency.
Fig. 7 is a graph comparing the impact force of a conventional structure with that of a two-dimensional honeycomb structure of the present invention, the conventional structure having a lower impact force, which is related to its large internal voids and insufficient load-bearing capacity, and the conventional structure requiring less force to achieve the same amount of compression, and the present invention requiring a higher impact force to deform the structure to the same amount of compression, which indicates that the present invention has a higher load-bearing capacity.
Fig. 8 is a schematic connection diagram of a three-dimensional cellular structure of cells, which is formed by rotating the cells by 90 ° using a rotation method to form a three-dimensional cellular structure, wherein the three-dimensional cells have four arc edges 4, the arc edges 4 are arranged by extending in two planar directions using connection edges 5, and the other planar direction uses the same common edge arrangement method as the two-dimensional cellular structure.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional honeycomb structure of cells arranged completely, and when an external pressure is applied, the structure in the other directions except the pressure transmission direction in a three-dimensional space has the same deformation characteristic as the two-dimensional honeycomb structure, and is suitable for scenes requiring three-dimensional filling, such as automobile crash boxes, bumpers, and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be covered thereby.
Claims (9)
1. A negative poisson's ratio cell, comprising: the negative Poisson ratio cell element comprises six edges, wherein the left side and the right side are arc edges, the upper side and the lower side are long edges, two inner vertical rods are arranged in the cell element, the inner vertical rods are respectively connected with the arc edges of the left side and the right side, and the whole cell element structure is distributed in a vertically and horizontally symmetrical manner; the arc edge is sunken to the cell element inside, and four arc contained angles are formed to the crossing department of arc edge and long limit.
2. The negative poisson's ratio cell of claim 1, wherein: when compressed by an upper load, the structural deformation mode takes a mode of shrinking inwards in the load compression direction and the vertical load direction; when stretched under a load, the structural deformation modes expand outward.
3. The negative poisson's ratio cell of claim 1, wherein: the included angle of the arc ranges from 10 degrees to 90 degrees.
4. The negative poisson's ratio cell of claim 1, wherein: the cross-sectional shapes and the thicknesses of the long side and the arc side are the same.
5. The negative Poisson ratio cell of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the cross-sectional shape of each side of the cell structure includes a quadrangle or a circle.
6. A honeycomb structure, characterized by: the honeycomb structure is assembled from an arrangement of negative poisson's ratio cells as claimed in any one of claims 1-5.
7. The honeycomb structure of claim 6, wherein: the honeycomb structure is arranged in a plurality of columns along the transverse direction and a plurality of rows along the longitudinal direction.
8. A honeycomb structure in accordance with claim 7 wherein: in each row, two adjacent cell elements are connected through a connecting edge, and the connecting edge is connected with the arc edges of the two adjacent cell elements to be sequentially arranged and combined; in each row, adjacent cells are arranged and combined by sharing a long side.
9. The honeycomb structure of claim 6, wherein: the honeycomb structure is formed by arranging and combining three-dimensional cell structures, each three-dimensional cell structure is formed by combining two orthogonal negative Poisson ratio cells, the three-dimensional cells have four arc edges, the arc edges are arranged in an expanding mode towards two plane directions by using connecting edges, and the other plane direction is arranged by using a common long edge.
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| CN112665460A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 北京理工大学 | Indent honeycomb type explosion-proof construction |
| CN112762124A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure with random curved edge |
| CN113983096B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2023-03-31 | 南京理工大学 | Bending leading type compression spring type lattice structure |
| CN113958637B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2024-05-07 | 东南大学 | Concave negative poisson ratio metamaterial cell and honeycomb structure |
| CN114962518B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-05-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Lattice cell structure, plane structure and three-dimensional structure with energy absorption and vibration reduction characteristics |
| CN115823158B (en) * | 2022-11-19 | 2024-05-31 | 福州大学 | Orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson ratio and adjustable band gap and preparation method |
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| WO2016179245A1 (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2016-11-10 | The Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Negative poisson ratio piezoresistive sensor and method of manufacture |
| CN107139874B (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2023-06-20 | 华侨大学 | Buffering energy-absorbing device with negative poisson ratio characteristic |
| KR102144121B1 (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-08-13 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Meta material to have negative poisson’s ratio and optimizing method to deduct optimal shape |
| CN109869431A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-11 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of three-dimensional anti-impact material with negative poisson's ratio characteristic |
| CN109893295B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-04-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Negative poisson ratio degradable blood vessel stent structure |
| CN210715702U (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-06-09 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | Novel negative Poisson ratio structure and two-dimensional honeycomb structure thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20210908 Address after: 442000 No. 252, Jilin Road, Longmen Industrial Park, Shiyan economic and Technological Development Zone, Shiyan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: HUBEI YUANJIU AUTO PARTS Co.,Ltd. Address before: 442002 No.167, Checheng West Road, Hongwei Jiaokou, Shiyan City, Hubei Province Patentee before: Hubei University of Automobile Technology |
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Denomination of invention: A Negative Poisson's Ratio Cell and Its Honeycomb Structure Effective date of registration: 20221213 Granted publication date: 20210803 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Shiyan branch Pledgor: HUBEI YUANJIU AUTO PARTS CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2022980027199 |