CN111642014B

CN111642014B - Beam determination method, device, base station and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111642014B
Application number: CN202010307853.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李立华; 魏小敏; 陈艺苑
Original assignee: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Current assignee: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Priority date: 2020-04-17
Filing date: 2020-04-17
Publication date: 2022-04-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-17
Also published as: CN111642014A

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a beam determination method, a beam determination device, a base station and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving terminal measurement information sets of terminals in a cell reported by a plurality of cells; and determining the terminal as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal of the target cell based on the terminal measurement information set, and determining the transmission beam of the target cell to each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal by a beam determination rule based on the received terminal measurement information sets of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal of the target cell. The method of the embodiment of the invention determines the terminal as the virtual terminal or the non-virtual terminal, and performs beam distribution on all the virtual terminals and the non-virtual terminals of the cell together, thereby realizing the decoupling of the beam distribution under the multi-cell cooperation scene, reducing the operation complexity of the beam distribution and further reducing the system delay in the beam determination process.

Description

Beam determination method, device, base station and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for determining a beam, a base station, and an electronic device.

Background

The high gain and high directivity of the beam technology improve the transmission rate and the coverage area of the system on the premise of not increasing the bandwidth and the transmitting power, and are considered as key technologies for improving the performance of the 5G system. Beam technology provides a new solution for 5G systems but also presents challenges. Firstly, the system must know the accurate position of the terminal by some method, otherwise, the beam cannot be accurately directed to the terminal; secondly, in order to reduce the interference between terminals, the system must schedule beams to ensure that the terminals in the beams can successfully receive and demodulate the data transmitted by the beams in the same time-frequency domain. The definition of beam management, uplink and downlink processes, and the specification of reference signals in Rel-15 of 3GPP solve the problem of beam alignment to the terminal in the system. The beam selection technology solves the problems that after beam space orthogonality is introduced, the processes of precoding design, beam scheduling, pairing of beams and terminals and the like are completed based on specific performance indexes of an optimized system. The quality of the beam selection scheme determines the performance of the system, so that under different system parameters and scenes, how to design a proper beam selection scheme by utilizing the characteristics of the system and the advantages of beams is very important.

The concept of "association factor" is introduced in the existing multi-cell multi-terminal beam selection scheme, and binary variables are used to indicate whether the beam is associated with the terminal. However, the existing scheme only addresses the problem of beam allocation in the case that one terminal can only obtain the service of one cell at the same time, and does not consider how to perform beam allocation in the case of cooperation among multiple cells. If the beam allocation is performed under the condition of considering the cooperation among the multiple cells, iteration may be performed during allocation operation of different cells, so that the operation amount is large, and the communication delay of the system is increased.

Therefore, a method for determining a beam with a small computation amount in a multi-cell cooperation scenario is needed to reduce the system delay.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a beam determination method, an apparatus, a base station, and an electronic device.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a beam determination method, including:

receiving terminal measurement information sets of terminals in a cell reported by a plurality of cells; each terminal measurement information set comprises measurement information of a preset number of downlink synchronization signals with the best signal quality in downlink synchronization signals detected by corresponding terminals, and the measurement information comprises beam identifiers and signal quality of the downlink synchronization signals;

determining a terminal corresponding to the measurement information set as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal of a target cell based on the terminal measurement information set, and determining a transmission beam of the target cell to each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal by a beam determination rule based on the received terminal measurement information set of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal of the target cell; the virtual terminal is a terminal which includes the beam identifier belonging to the target cell and also includes the beam identifiers belonging to other cells in the reported terminal measurement information set, and the non-virtual terminal is a terminal which only includes the beam identifier of the target cell in the reported terminal measurement information set;

and sending the beam determination result to the target cell.

Optionally, the beam determination rule determines the transmission beam based on the following principle:

any transmitting beam of the target cell serves at most one terminal;

one terminal is served by at most one transmission beam of the target cell;

the virtual terminal can be jointly served by the transmission beams of a plurality of cells including the target cell;

and adopting an analog precoding architecture, wherein the transmission beams of the plurality of cells are orthogonal to each other.

Optionally, the beam determination rule determines the transmission beam based on a target cell individually maximizing a rate of the own cell.

Optionally, the signal quality is a signal-to-noise ratio SNR, and accordingly, the determining the transmission beam based on the rate of the target cell individually maximizing the local cell is specifically determined by the following beam determination formula:

s.t.C1:c_b,k,v∈{0,1}

wherein B belongs to {1,2, …, B } is the sequence number of the target cell, B is the total number of the cells reporting the terminal measurement information set, and R is_bFor the total rate of target cell b, V ∈ {1,2, …, V_bIs the serial number of each terminal in the target cell b, V_bFor the total number of virtual terminals and non-virtual terminals in the target cell b, K ∈ {1,2, …, K ∈ }_bIs the beam number, c_b,k,vE {0,1} is a pairing factor, wherein the pairing factor of 1 indicates that the beam K under the target cell b is allocated to the terminal v, the pairing factor of 0 indicates that the beam K under the target cell b is not allocated to the terminal v, and K_bIs the number of beams, p, that can be detected by the terminal in target cell b_b,k,vThe transmission power allocated to the beam k to the terminal v for the target cell b, P is the total transmission power of the target cell b, SNR_b,k,vIs the signal-to-noise ratio of the downlink synchronization signal transmitted by the beam k and received by the terminal v in the target cell b.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

formulating the beam determination into a dual problem by a dual algorithm:

s.tπ_k+p_v≥a_b,k,v

λ≤p_v

determining the transmission beam of the target cell to the terminal by the dual problem based on an auction algorithm, wherein pi_k、p_bAnd λ are both lagrange multipliers. Pi_kAs auctioneer in the auction algorithm, i.e. profit variable for the beam; p is a radical of_bAs an auction commodity in the auction algorithm, i.e., a price variable of a user; and lambda is used as a price variable of the over-source node s in the auction algorithm.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a beam determination method, including:

sending a terminal measurement information set to a beam determination device, so that the beam determination device determines a terminal corresponding to the measurement information set as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal of a target cell based on the received terminal measurement information set of each terminal in a plurality of cells, and determines a sending beam of the target cell to each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal according to a beam determination rule based on the received terminal measurement information sets of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal of the target cell; the terminal measurement information set comprises measurement information of a preset number of downlink synchronization signals with the best signal quality in downlink synchronization signals detected by corresponding terminals, the measurement information comprises beam identifications and signal quality of the downlink synchronization signals, the virtual terminal is a terminal which reports the terminal measurement information set and comprises beam identifications belonging to the target cell and beam identifications belonging to other cells, and the non-virtual terminal is a terminal which reports the terminal measurement information set and only comprises the beam identification of the target cell;

receiving the transmission beam determined by the beam determining means.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a beam determining apparatus, including:

the first receiving module is used for receiving a terminal measurement information set of each terminal in a cell reported by a plurality of cells; each terminal measurement information set comprises measurement information of a preset number of downlink synchronization signals with the best signal quality in downlink synchronization signals detected by corresponding terminals, and the measurement information comprises beam identifiers and signal quality of the downlink synchronization signals;

a determining module, configured to determine, based on the terminal measurement information set, a terminal corresponding to the measurement information set as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal of a target cell, and determine, based on the received terminal measurement information sets of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal of the target cell, a transmission beam of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal by the target cell according to a beam determination rule; the virtual terminal is a terminal which includes the beam identifier belonging to the target cell and also includes the beam identifiers belonging to other cells in the reported terminal measurement information set, and the non-virtual terminal is a terminal which only includes the beam identifier of the target cell in the reported terminal measurement information set;

a first sending module, configured to send the beam determination result to the target cell.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, including:

a second sending module, configured to send a terminal measurement information set to a beam determination apparatus, so that the beam determination apparatus determines, based on a received terminal measurement information set of each terminal in multiple cells, a terminal corresponding to the measurement information set as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal of a target cell, and determines, based on the received terminal measurement information sets of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal of the target cell, a sending beam of the target cell to each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal according to a beam determination rule; the terminal measurement information set comprises measurement information of a preset number of downlink synchronization signals with the best signal quality in downlink synchronization signals detected by corresponding terminals, the measurement information comprises beam identifications and signal quality of the downlink synchronization signals, the virtual terminal is a terminal which reports the terminal measurement information set and comprises beam identifications belonging to the target cell and beam identifications belonging to other cells, and the non-virtual terminal is a terminal which reports the terminal measurement information set and only comprises the beam identification of the target cell;

a second receiving module, configured to receive the transmission beam determined by the beam determining apparatus.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the steps of the beam determination method according to the first aspect or the second aspect when executing the program.

In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the beam determination method according to the first aspect or the second aspect.

According to the beam determining method, the beam determining device, the base station and the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, in a multi-cell cooperation scene, the terminal is determined to be the virtual terminal or the non-virtual terminal, and beam allocation is carried out on all the virtual terminals and the non-virtual terminals of the cell, so that the beam allocation is decoupled in the multi-cell cooperation scene, the operation complexity of the beam allocation is reduced, and the system delay in the beam determining process is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a multi-cell cooperative system model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method of determining a beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a multi-cell cooperative system model according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a beam and a terminal gain according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method of beam determination according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method of beam determination according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The 3GPP defines beam management as a set of L1/L2 procedures for acquiring and maintaining a set of transmit beams or user beams that can be used for uplink and downlink transmission or reception, and divides several procedures: beam scanning, beam measurement, beam determination and beam reporting. These steps periodically determine the optimal transmit and receive beam pairs. The specific process is as follows:

step one, beam scanning: the base station end adopts an exhaustive scanning mode, and transmits downlink synchronous reference signals (SS) by using beams with different directions at the initial access stage of a user.

Step two, beam measurement: the user evaluates the received signal and may use different metrics such as received power (RSRP), received quality (RSRQ), signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR), or signal to noise ratio (SNR), etc.

Step three, beam determination: the user selects the appropriate beam by the result of the beam measurement with some criteria.

Step four, beam reporting: and when the user selects the optimal wave beam, reporting the wave beam quality and the wave beam decision information to the base station through random access.

The concept of "association factor" is introduced into the existing multi-cell multi-terminal beam selection scheme, and binary variables are used to indicate whether the beam is associated with the terminal. Setting the wave beam in the multi-cell system to serve only one terminal, solving the wave beam selection problem into a correlation factor variable and solving a related problem. Firstly, the velocity of each terminal after initial beam selection, when the velocity of the terminal is smaller than the threshold value of the service quality requirement, the association factor and the velocity of the calculated terminal are iteratively optimized until all the velocities of the terminal reach the service quality requirement.

However, the existing scheme only studies the beam allocation problem under the condition of no cell cooperation, does not consider the possibility of cooperation among multiple cells, and only performs derivation and verification on the algorithm of beam selection, and does not relate to specific uplink and downlink flow implementation. If the existing scheme is iteratively calculated between the design association factor and the performance of the user terminal, the base station needs to bear a large amount of calculation, and the communication delay of the system is increased.

The embodiment of the invention considers that the communication quality of the user terminal at the edge of the cell is improved by utilizing the cooperation, the beam distribution of the user terminal in the cell and the cooperative user terminal is considered, the operation is decoupled based on the virtual terminal during the operation, the multi-cell beam selection problem is solved into the independent single-cell beam selection problem, and the calculation complexity is reduced.

Fig. 1 is a multi-cell cooperative system model according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, wherein cells BS1, BS2, BS3 may provide cooperative service for terminal UE4 at the same time. Suppose there are B cells in the multi-cell cooperative system, each cell corresponds to a base station, i.e. the number of base stations is also B, and each base station has N_tA transmitting antenna. The transmission beams are uniformly scanned in the horizontal direction, and M denotes a transmission beam of an M-th angle among the M angles, which are scanned in total. The total number of the terminals in the system is U, i represents the ith terminal in the U terminals, wherein the number of the terminals in each cell is U_bEach terminal has N_rA receiving antenna. Defining the analog precoding matrix corresponding to the base station b as

Wherein N is_tIs the number of transmitting antennas, N_fIs the number of RF links. The received analog precoding matrix is

If base station b sends information to user u

Analogue pre-coding of transmitted data, allocated to transmission by user uPower of p_b,uUser u uses

Receiving precoded received data. Then, in the multi-cell coordinated downlink scenario, the signal received by the user u is:

wherein,

precoding for the receiving end, H_b,uFor the downlink channel, s, from base station b to terminal u_b,iData i, z transmitted to a user for base station b_uFor the interference received by the user u,

in order to perform a digital pre-coding,

for analog precoding.

The signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the terminal u is:

wherein p is_uFor the signal power received by terminal u, I_uFor received interference power, σ²Is the noise power.

The achievable rate of terminal u is:

R_u＝log₂(1+SINR_u)

for a multi-cell multi-terminal system, the system throughput is as follows:

in a collaborative system, each user usesAnalog precoding of users

Is the analog precoding vector corresponding to beam m serving user u,

and carrying out assignment according to the beam direction and the antenna connection model. Suppose that the dimension of the antenna array configured by the base station b is (M)_b,N_b,P_b) The spacing of the antenna elements is (d)_H,d_V) The antenna connection model is a full connection structure. The direction of the beam m is

Then the precoding vector is simulated

Is of size N_t＝M_b·N_b·P_bAccording to the 3GPP full connectivity model,

the ith element in the vector is:

wherein l ═ x + M_b(y-1)+M_bN_b(z-1)，x＝1,…,M_b，y＝1,…,N_b，z＝1,..,P_b，ψ_b,m,uThe antenna polarization mode determines:

where ζ ═ 0 corresponds to the antenna element of a single polarization, and ζ ═ +/-45 ° corresponds to the antenna element of a cross polarization.

The analog precoding matrix of the base station b is

Corresponds to N_fThe number of the beams sent simultaneously, wherein the precoding vector of each beam is calculated by a 3GPP full-connection model precoding formula.

The digital precoding matrix of the base station b is

Defining channels for each user u in a base station b

Is the beam domain equivalent channel plus the transmit and receive beams. If the ZF algorithm is to be used,

wherein

Analog precoding with transmit and receive side

And

eliminating interference in system and setting the number of transmitted beams in system equal to the number of data streams N_f＝N_sTime-of-flight digital precoding

As an identity matrix:

fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method of determining a beam according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:

s201, receiving a terminal measurement information set of each terminal in a cell reported by a plurality of cells; each terminal measurement information set comprises measurement information of a preset number of downlink synchronization signals with the best signal quality in downlink synchronization signals detected by corresponding terminals, and the measurement information comprises beam identifiers and signal quality of the downlink synchronization signals.

Specifically, in a multi-cell cooperation scenario, a beam determination apparatus connected to multiple cells is set in the system, and the multiple cells may provide cooperation services for terminals such as edge terminals. In this scenario, each terminal pair receives a downlink synchronization signal s from any cell_b,uScanning is carried out according to the detected downlink synchronous signal s_b,uDecoding to obtain corresponding cell ID and beam sequence number, and measuring the signal quality of the downlink synchronization signal, such as the SNR of the downlink synchronization signal of the beam m of the base station b detected by the terminal u_b,m,u. Then, each terminal pair measures each downlink synchronization signal s_b,uSorting according to the signal quality, and sorting the downlink synchronous signals s with the optimal signal quality and preset number_b,uThe measurement information is merged into a terminal measurement information set and sent to the cell where the terminal resides currently, wherein the measurement information comprises the beam identification and the signal quality of the downlink synchronization signal. And after receiving the terminal measurement information set reported by each terminal in the cell, each cell sends the terminal measurement information set to the beam determining device for subsequent beam determining steps.

S202, determining a terminal corresponding to the measurement information set as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal of a target cell based on the terminal measurement information set, and determining a transmission beam of the target cell to each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal by a beam determination rule based on the received terminal measurement information set of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal of the target cell; the virtual terminal is a terminal in which the reported terminal measurement information set includes a beam identifier belonging to the target cell and beam identifiers belonging to other cells, and the non-virtual terminal is a terminal in which the reported terminal measurement information set only includes the beam identifier of the target cell.

Specifically, after receiving a terminal measurement information set reported by each terminal and transmitted by each cell, the beam determining apparatus allocates a transmission beam in each target cell by using all the received terminal measurement information sets.

The beam determining device firstly judges whether the measurement information set of each terminal has measurement information containing beam identifiers belonging to a target cell, if so, the beam determining device can judge that the signal quality of the target cell received by the terminal corresponding to the measurement information set is relatively good, namely, the possibility that the target cell can provide service for the terminal exists. Moreover, if the terminal measurement information set includes, in addition to the measurement information of the beam identifier of the target cell, beam identifiers of other cells, it is described that the terminal corresponding to the terminal measurement information set can receive downlink synchronization signals of a plurality of cells with better quality, that is, the cell has a possibility that the cells are simultaneously provided with cooperative services by the plurality of cells, and accordingly, such a terminal is denoted as a virtual terminal. When the beam identifiers of all the measurement information in the measurement information set belong to the target cell, it can be considered that only the signal quality of the target cell in the downlink synchronization signals of the cells received by the terminal corresponding to the measurement information set is good, and therefore, it can be considered that such a terminal can only be served by the target cell alone, and accordingly, such a terminal is marked as a non-virtual terminal. As shown in fig. 3, the UE2 is denoted as a virtual terminal for cell BS2 and BS 3. Therefore, all virtual terminals and all non-virtual terminals under each target cell and the corresponding terminal measurement information sets can be obtained. Based on the conditions of the virtual terminal and the non-virtual terminal determined by each target cell, the transmission beams of the cells can be independently allocated to each target cell according to the beam determination rule.

Wherein the beam determination rule may determine the transmission beam based on the following principles:

any transmitting beam of the target cell serves at most one terminal;

one terminal is served by at most one transmission beam of the target cell;

S203, sending the beam determination result to the target cell.

Specifically, the beam determining apparatus may send the beam allocation result to each target cell after determining the beam allocation result.

According to the beam determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, in a cell cooperation scene, the terminal is determined as the virtual terminal or the non-virtual terminal, and beam allocation is performed on all the virtual terminals and the non-virtual terminals of the cell, so that the beam allocation is decoupled in the cell cooperation scene, the operation complexity of the beam allocation is reduced, and the system delay in the beam determining process is reduced.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the beam determination rule may determine the transmission beam based on the target cell individually maximizing the rate of the own cell.

Specifically, in order to reflect the allocation and scheduling of beams, a pairing factor c is defined_b,m,uE {0,1}, where B e {1, 2., B }, M e {1, 2., M }, U e {1, 2., U } indicates whether or not beam M of base station B is allocated to terminal U. If c is_b,m,u1, the beam m representing base station b is allocated to terminal u if c_b,m,uWhen the value is 0, it indicates that the beam m of the base station b is not allocated to the terminal u. In addition, assume that the transmit power allocated to beam m to terminal u by each cell base station b is p_b,m,u. Each cell has its fixed total power P of transmission and is allocated to all beams used for transmission at the current time instant, i.e. to all beams used for transmission

Suppose that the total number of non-virtual terminals plus virtual terminals capable of detecting a transmission beam in each cell is V_bB ∈ {1,2,. B },. The beam that the terminal can detect in each cell at that time is K_bThat is, the number of all beams used for the service terminal is K_bIn order to improve system throughput and maximize terminal scheduling, beams for available services must be allocated to terminals, i.e.

Since each terminal can transmit data by only one beam at most, the total number of beams served must be less than the number of terminals, i.e. K_b≤V_b. Therefore, after the virtualized terminal is added, the problem of beam selection in the multi-cell cooperation scenario can be converted into the problem of individually maximizing the local cell and the rate of each cell, namely

Wherein, the determining the transmission beam based on the rate of the target cell individually maximizing the local cell may be specifically determined by the following beam determination formula:

s.t.C1:c_b,k,v∈{0,1}

On the basis of the above embodiment, the method further includes:

formulating the beam determination into a dual problem by a dual algorithm:

s.tπ_k+p_v≥a_b,k,v

λ≤p_v

Specifically, the above problems are put into a discrete network for reconstruction: the set of serviceable beams is defined as a starting point and the set of terminals as an end point. Suppose an assignment

Is a set of beam-terminal binary pairs (k, v) ((k, v))

May be null), there may be at most one pair (k, v) e a for each beam k and terminal v. One feasible assignment

All beams are assigned to the terminal. For the asymmetric assignment problem, as shown in fig. 4, the benefit of defining a super source node s, s and all the edges (s, v) of the terminal v is 0, and the benefit of matching the beam k with the terminal v is a_b,k,v＝log(1+p_b,k,vSNR_b,k,v)。

Margin variable pi defining auctioneer (beam)_kAnd price variable p of auction goods (terminal)_bSolving the beam selection problem by a dual algorithm to be the following dual problem:

s.tπ_k+p_v≥a_b,k,v

λ≤p_v

then, a modified auction algorithm is introduced to solve the optimization problem of single-cell beam selection. The modified auction algorithm is as follows:

step1 initial value setting

Setting assignment set

Null, bidder (beam) profit is π_k＝0,k＝0,1,..K_b. Is provided with

To assign

Is not assigned a non-empty subset of beams k,

to assign

Of unassigned terminals v.

Step2 Forward auction Algorithm assignment phase

Based on the initial value, the forward auction algorithm is carried out to obtain a feasible assignment

Step3 reverse auction revises assignment results

Feasible assignment to Step2

I.e., the highest value among the assigned terminals.

1. In assigning

Of which an unassigned terminal v is arbitrarily selected such that the price of the terminal is larger than lambda, i.e. the terminal v is assigned a value greater than lambda

2. If the terminal v exists, entering a bidding stage and an iteration assignment stage of a reverse auction algorithm, stopping the algorithm after the operation is finished, and entering Step 4;

3. if the terminal v does not exist, the algorithm is terminated and Step4 is entered;

step4 end of iteration

Obtaining an optimal feasible assignment after iteration

Each beam is assigned to a terminal.

Wherein the forward auction algorithm is as follows:

step1 initial value setting

Setting assignment set

Empty, price p of the goods (terminal)_v＝0,v＝0,1,..V_b. Is provided with

To assign

Is not assigned a non-empty subset of beams k,

to assign

A non-empty subset of unassigned terminals u.

Step2 bidding phase

For each wave beam

The set of terminals that may be assigned to beam k is j (k);

1. calculating and selecting the best terminal with the greatest value, i.e.

And corresponding value

2. Second big value corresponding to the second best terminal is selected again

If v is_kIs that

Of (1) defines y_kIs- ∞;

3. bidding for calculating bidding beams "

Step3 iterative assignment phase

For each terminal v, let i (v) be the set of bidding beams that includes all the beams bid on terminal v in the iterative bidding phase.

1. If I (v) is not null, selecting the bidding beam with the highest bidding price

And increase p_vTo the highest bid

2. Slave assignment

All the binary pairs (k, v) of the relevant terminals v are removed, and (k) is assigned_vV) addition of

Step4 end of iteration

When all terminals in Step3 are assigned, i.e. the iteration is over, a feasible assignment is obtained

Each beam is assigned to a terminal.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method of determining a beam according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the method includes:

s501, a terminal measurement information set is sent to a beam determination device, so that the beam determination device determines a terminal corresponding to the measurement information set as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal of a target cell based on the received terminal measurement information set of each terminal in a plurality of cells, and determines a sending beam of the target cell to each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal according to a beam determination rule based on the received terminal measurement information sets of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal of the target cell; the terminal measurement information set comprises measurement information of a preset number of downlink synchronization signals with the best signal quality in downlink synchronization signals detected by corresponding terminals, the measurement information comprises beam identifications and signal quality of the downlink synchronization signals, the virtual terminal is a terminal which reports the terminal measurement information set and comprises beam identifications belonging to the target cell and beam identifications belonging to other cells, and the non-virtual terminal is a terminal which reports the terminal measurement information set and only comprises the beam identification of the target cell;

And after receiving the terminal measurement information sets reported by the terminals and sent by the cells, the beam determining device allocates the sending beams under the target cells by using all the received terminal measurement information sets.

any transmitting beam of the target cell serves at most one terminal;

one terminal is served by at most one transmission beam of the target cell;

S502, receiving the transmission beam determined by the beam determining apparatus.

Specifically, after determining the beam allocation result, the beam determining apparatus may send the beam allocation result to each target cell, and each target cell correspondingly receives the corresponding transmission beam determination result.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method of determining a beam according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the method includes:

step one, designing a beam codebook with M angles, and scanning a downlink synchronization block (SSB) by a cooperation cell according to the codebook;

the terminal decodes according to the SSB signal detected to obtain the cell ID and the beam identification, and measures the SNR of the SSB signal;

thirdly, the terminal respectively feeds back the optimal B wave beam serial numbers and the corresponding SNR numerical values to the cell sending the wave beams through the 4G network control layer;

step four, the cell reports all feedback information to the beam determining device after receiving the feedback information; the beam determining device determines the scheduling of terminals in each cell and the distribution of beams through a modified auction algorithm and a forward auction algorithm, and each terminal can distribute a maximum of B beams;

step five, the wave beam determining device respectively sends wave beam selection results to the cell and the terminal through the 4G network control layer;

step six, directionally initiating Random Access (RACH) scheduling for each cell, and carrying out non-codebook receiving end simulation precoding design and then carrying out a random access process by the terminal based on a transmitting beam selection result;

and step seven, completing the pairing of the receiving and transmitting beams, and performing data transmission on the cell and the terminal.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the beam determining apparatus includes a first receiving module 701, a determining module 702, and a first sending module 703, where the first receiving module 701 is configured to receive a terminal measurement information set of each terminal in a cell, which is reported by multiple cells; each terminal measurement information set comprises measurement information of a preset number of downlink synchronization signals with the best signal quality in downlink synchronization signals detected by corresponding terminals, and the measurement information comprises beam identifiers and signal quality of the downlink synchronization signals.

The determining module 702 is configured to determine, based on the terminal measurement information set, a terminal corresponding to the measurement information set as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal of a target cell, and determine, based on the received terminal measurement information sets of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal of the target cell, a transmission beam of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal by the target cell according to a beam determination rule; the virtual terminal is a terminal in which the reported terminal measurement information set includes a beam identifier belonging to the target cell and beam identifiers belonging to other cells, and the non-virtual terminal is a terminal in which the reported terminal measurement information set only includes the beam identifier of the target cell.

The first sending module 703 is configured to send the beam determination result to the target cell.

Specifically, in a multi-cell cooperation scenario, a beam determination apparatus connected to multiple cells is set in the system, and the multiple cells may provide cooperation services for terminals such as edge terminals. In this scenario, each terminal pair receives a downlink synchronization signal s from any cell_b,uScanning is carried out according to the detected downlink synchronous signal s_b,uDecoding to obtain corresponding cell ID and beam sequence number, and measuring the signal quality of the downlink synchronization signal, such as the SNR of the downlink synchronization signal of the beam m of the base station b detected by the terminal u_b,m,u. Then, each terminal pair measures each downlink synchronization signal s_b,uSorting according to the signal quality, and sorting the downlink synchronous signals s with the optimal signal quality and preset number_b,uThe measurement information is merged into a terminal measurement information set and sent to the cell where the terminal resides currently, wherein the measurement information comprises the beam identification and the signal quality of the downlink synchronization signal. Each cell receives the terminal measurement information reported by each terminal in the cellAfter the assembly, it is sent to the beam determination device for the subsequent beam determination step.

Specifically, after the beam determining apparatus receives a terminal measurement information set reported by each terminal and sent by each cell by the first receiving module 701, the determining module 702 allocates the sending beams in each target cell by using all the received terminal measurement information sets.

The determining module 702 first determines whether each terminal measurement information set includes measurement information including a beam identifier of a target cell, and if so, may determine that a signal quality of the target cell received by a terminal corresponding to the measurement information set is relatively good, that is, there is a possibility that the target cell may provide a service for the terminal. Moreover, if the terminal measurement information set includes, in addition to the measurement information of the beam identifier of the target cell, beam identifiers of other cells, it is described that the terminal corresponding to the terminal measurement information set can receive downlink synchronization signals of a plurality of cells with better quality, that is, the cell has a possibility that the cells are simultaneously provided with cooperative services by the plurality of cells, and accordingly, such a terminal is denoted as a virtual terminal. When the beam identifiers of all the measurement information in the measurement information set belong to the target cell, it can be considered that only the signal quality of the target cell in the downlink synchronization signals of the cells received by the terminal corresponding to the measurement information set is good, and therefore, it can be considered that such a terminal can only be served by the target cell alone, and accordingly, such a terminal is marked as a non-virtual terminal. Therefore, all virtual terminals and all non-virtual terminals under each target cell and the corresponding terminal measurement information sets can be obtained. Based on the conditions of the virtual terminal and the non-virtual terminal determined by each target cell, the transmission beams of the cells can be independently allocated to each target cell according to the beam determination rule.

After determining the beam allocation result, the beam determining apparatus may send the beam allocation result to each target cell through the first sending module 703.

The above device embodiments are specifically configured to execute the processes described in the above method embodiments, and the functions of the device embodiments may refer to the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.

The beam determining device provided by the embodiment of the invention determines the terminal as the virtual terminal or the non-virtual terminal in the cell cooperation scene, and performs beam allocation on all the virtual terminals and the non-virtual terminals of the cell together, thereby realizing the decoupling of the beam allocation in the cell cooperation scene, reducing the operation complexity of the beam allocation and further reducing the system delay in the beam determining process.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station implemented by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, the base station includes a second sending module 801 and a second receiving module 802. The second sending module 801 is configured to send a terminal measurement information set to a beam determination apparatus, so that the beam determination apparatus determines, based on a received terminal measurement information set of each terminal in multiple cells, a terminal corresponding to the measurement information set as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal of a target cell, and determines, based on the received terminal measurement information sets of each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal of the target cell, a sending beam of the target cell to each virtual terminal and each non-virtual terminal according to a beam determination rule; the terminal measurement information set comprises measurement information of a preset number of downlink synchronization signals with the best signal quality in downlink synchronization signals detected by corresponding terminals, the measurement information comprises beam identifications and signal quality of the downlink synchronization signals, the virtual terminals are terminals which report the terminal measurement information set and comprise beam identifications belonging to the target cell and beam identifications belonging to other cells, and the non-virtual terminals are terminals which report the terminal measurement information set and only comprise the beam identifications of the target cell.

The second receiving module 802 is configured to receive the transmission beam determined by the beam determining apparatus.

Specifically, in a multi-cell cooperation scenario, a beam determination apparatus connected to multiple cells is set in the system, and the multiple cells may provide cooperation services for terminals such as edge terminals. In the context of this scenario, it is,each terminal pair receives downlink synchronous signal s from any cell_b,uScanning is carried out according to the detected downlink synchronous signal s_b,uDecoding to obtain corresponding cell ID and beam sequence number, and measuring the signal quality of the downlink synchronization signal, such as the SNR of the downlink synchronization signal of the beam m of the base station b detected by the terminal u_b,m,u. Then, each terminal pair measures each downlink synchronization signal s_b,uSorting according to the signal quality, and sorting the downlink synchronous signals s with the optimal signal quality and preset number_b,uThe measurement information is merged into a terminal measurement information set and sent to the cell where the terminal resides currently, wherein the measurement information comprises the beam identification and the signal quality of the downlink synchronization signal. After receiving the terminal measurement information set reported by each terminal in the cell, each cell sends the terminal measurement information set to the beam determining apparatus through the second sending module 801 to perform subsequent beam determining steps.

any transmitting beam of the target cell serves at most one terminal;

one terminal is served by at most one transmission beam of the target cell;

After determining the beam allocation result, the beam determining apparatus may send the beam allocation result to each target cell, and the second receiving module 802 of each target cell correspondingly receives the corresponding transmission beam determination result.

The base station provided by the embodiment of the invention reports the measurement information of the terminal to the beam determining device in the cell cooperation scene, so that the beam determining device can determine the terminal as a virtual terminal or a non-virtual terminal and perform beam distribution on all the virtual terminals and the non-virtual terminals of the cell together, thereby realizing the decoupling of the beam distribution in the cell cooperation scene, reducing the operation complexity of the beam distribution and further reducing the system delay in the beam determination process.

Fig. 9 illustrates a physical structure diagram of an electronic device, and as shown in fig. 9, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)910, a communication Interface (Communications Interface)920, a memory (memory)930, and a communication bus 940, wherein the processor 910, the communication Interface 920, and the memory 930 communicate with each other via the communication bus 940. Processor 910 may invoke logic instructions in memory 930 to perform the steps of the beam determination methods provided by the various embodiments described above, including, for example:

and sending the beam determination result to the target cell.

Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 930 may be implemented in software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the logic instructions are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is implemented to, when executed by a processor, perform the beam determination method provided in the foregoing embodiments, for example, including: receiving terminal measurement information sets of terminals in a cell reported by a plurality of cells; each terminal measurement information set comprises measurement information of a preset number of downlink synchronization signals with the best signal quality in downlink synchronization signals detected by corresponding terminals, and the measurement information comprises beam identifiers and signal quality of the downlink synchronization signals;

and sending the beam determination result to the target cell.

The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for beam determination, comprising:

transmitting the beam determination result to the target cell;

the beam determination rule determines the transmission beam based on the following principle:

any transmitting beam of the target cell serves at most one terminal;

one terminal is served by at most one transmission beam of the target cell;

2. The beam determination method of claim 1 wherein the beam determination rule determines the transmit beam based on a target cell individually maximizing a rate of the cell.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the signal quality is SNR, and accordingly, the determining the transmission beam based on the rate of the target cell maximizing the own cell alone is specifically determined by the following beam determination formula:

s.t.C1：c_b，k，v∈{0，1}

C2：

C3：

C4：

C5：

b is a serial number of a target cell, B is a total number of cells reporting a terminal measurement information set, Rb is a total rate of the target cell B, and V is a serial number of the target cell, wherein B is a serial number of the target cell, V is a serial number of the target cell, and V is a serial number of the target cell_bIs the serial number of each terminal in the target cell b, V_bIs the total number of virtual terminals and non-virtual terminals under the target cell b, K belongs to {1,2_bIs the beam number, c_b，k，vE {0,1} is a pairing factor, wherein the pairing factor of 1 indicates that the beam K under the target cell b is allocated to the terminal v, the pairing factor of 0 indicates that the beam K under the target cell b is not allocated to the terminal v, and K_bIs the number of beams, p, that can be detected by the terminal in target cell b_b，k，vThe transmission power allocated to the beam k to the terminal v for the target cell b, P is the total transmission power of the target cell b, SNR_b，k，vIs the signal-to-noise ratio of the downlink synchronization signal transmitted by the beam k and received by the terminal v in the target cell b.

4. The beam determination method of claim 3, further comprising:

formulating the beam determination into a dual problem by a dual algorithm:

s.t π_k+p_v≥a_b，k，v

λ≤p_v

determining the transmission beam of the target cell to the terminal by the dual problem based on an auction algorithm, wherein pi_k、p_bAnd λ are all lagrange multipliers, π_kAs auctioneer in the auction algorithm, i.e. profit variable for the beam; p is a radical of_bAs an auction commodity in the auction algorithm, i.e., a price variable of a user; and lambda is used as a price variable of the over-source node s in the auction algorithm.

5. A method for beam determination, comprising:

receiving the transmission beam determined by the beam determining device;

any transmitting beam of the target cell serves at most one terminal;

one terminal is served by at most one transmission beam of the target cell;

6. A beam determination apparatus, comprising:

a first sending module, configured to send the beam determination result to the target cell;

the determining module comprises:

any transmitting beam of the target cell serves at most one terminal;

one terminal is served by at most one transmission beam of the target cell;

7. A base station, comprising:

a second receiving module, configured to receive the transmission beam determined by the beam determining apparatus;

the second receiving module includes:

any transmitting beam of the target cell serves at most one terminal;

one terminal is served by at most one transmission beam of the target cell;

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the program, carries out the steps of the beam determination method according to any of claims 1 to 4 or 5.

9. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the beam determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or claim 5.