CN111606671A - Plastering gypsum capable of purifying air and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A plastering gypsum capable of purifying air and a preparation method thereof. The plastering gypsum contains building gypsum, calcium alginate and biochar composite material. The method comprises the following steps: mixing the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar with an optional coupling agent, and then mixing with AII type anhydrous gypsum to obtain a first mixture; mixing the rubber powder, the water-retaining agent and an optional retarder to obtain a second mixture; mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and mixing the third mixture with building gypsum and optionally manufactured sand to obtain the plastering gypsum capable of purifying air. The application plaster of plastering can effectively adsorb heavy metal and other harmful particles in the air, and eliminate the harm of heavy metal pollution to the human body.

Description

Plastering gypsum capable of purifying air and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of building materials, in particular to plastering gypsum capable of purifying air and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In the process of mining, smelting and processing heavy metals, some heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, cobalt and the like can enter the atmosphere, water and soil to cause serious environmental pollution. Heavy metal contamination is different from organic compound contamination: many organic compound pollutants can be purified physically, chemically or biologically by nature to reduce or eliminate their harmfulness; heavy metals are rich and difficult to degrade in the environment. Heavy metals can strongly interact with proteins and various enzymes in human bodies, so that the proteins and the enzymes lose activity. Heavy metals may also be enriched in certain organs of the human body, and if the heavy metals exceed the tolerance limit of the human body, acute poisoning, subacute poisoning, chronic poisoning and the like of the human body can be caused, so that the human body is greatly harmed, for example, water guarantee disease (mercury pollution) and bone pain disease (cadmium pollution) and other public diseases in Japan are caused by heavy metal pollution.

The plastering gypsum is a gypsum-based cementing material, has excellent construction performance such as good workability, quick setting and hardening, good volume stability, simple construction operation and the like, and also has certain fire resistance, heat preservation, heat insulation and sound absorption performance. Compared with the traditional wall material, the plastering gypsum is adopted, so that the working time is saved, the construction cost is reduced, and the plastering gypsum is firmly bonded with the base layer. At present, plastering gypsum is widely used as an interior wall decoration and finishing material in various industrial buildings and civil buildings instead of cement mortar, and the problem of hollowing and cracking of the wall surface caused by the cement mortar is thoroughly solved.

Based on the serious harm of heavy metal pollution to human bodies, the development demand of plastering gypsum with a heavy metal adsorption function exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a plaster of plastering that can air-purifying and preparation method thereof, this plaster of plastering can effectively adsorb heavy metal and other harmful particles in the air, eliminates the harm of heavy metal pollution to the human body.

Specifically, the application provides plastering gypsum capable of purifying air, wherein the plastering gypsum contains building gypsum and a composite material of calcium alginate and biochar.

In the embodiment of the present application, the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar may be added in an amount of 10-150 parts by weight, optionally 10-100 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of the building gypsum.

In the embodiment of the application, the plastering gypsum can also contain a coupling agent.

In the embodiments of the present application, the coupling agent may be selected from any one or more of titanate-based coupling agents (e.g., tetrabutyltitanate, G-6, etc.) and silane-based coupling agents (e.g., KH550, KH560, KH570, etc.).

In embodiments of the present application, the weight ratio of the calcium alginate and biochar composite to the coupling agent may be 10-100: 0.05-3.

In the embodiment of the application, the plastering gypsum can also contain AII type anhydrous gypsum, a retarder, rubber powder, a water-retaining agent and machine-made sand, wherein the addition amount of the AII type anhydrous gypsum is 10-100 parts by weight, the addition amount of the retarder is 0-30 parts by weight, the addition amount of the rubber powder is 1-30 parts by weight, the addition amount of the water-retaining agent is 1-30 parts by weight, and the addition amount of the machine-made sand is 0-200 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of the addition amount of the building gypsum.

In the embodiment of the present application, the retarder may be selected from any one or more of organic acid and its soluble salt retarder, phosphate salt retarder, borax, and protein retarder. The organic acid and soluble salt retarder can comprise citric acid, sodium citrate, tartaric acid, potassium tartrate, acrylic acid, sodium acrylate and the like; the phosphate retarder can comprise sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate and the like; the protein-based retarder may include a protein-based retarder (e.g., plat Retard PE manufactured by SISISIIT 2000, Italy) in which bone glue and degraded polyamide are calcium-esterified.

In embodiments of the present application, the latex powder may be selected from any one or more of redispersible latex powders. The redispersible latex powder can comprise vinyl acetate and ethylene copolymer rubber powder (EVA), ethylene and vinyl chloride and vinyl metasilicate ternary copolymer rubber powder, vinyl acetate and ethylene and higher fatty acid vinyl ester ternary copolymer rubber powder, vinyl acetate and higher fatty acid vinyl ester copolymer rubber powder, acrylic ester and styrene copolymer rubber powder (A/S), vinyl acetate and acrylic ester and higher fatty acid vinyl ester ternary copolymer rubber powder, vinyl acetate homopolymerization rubber powder, styrene and butadiene copolymer rubber powder and the like.

In the embodiments of the present application, the water retaining agent may be selected from any one or more of cellulose-based water retaining agents and dextrin-based water retaining agents. The cellulose water-retaining agent may include methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, lignocellulose, and salts thereof.

It is to be understood that the coupling agent, retarder, adhesive powder and water-retaining agent used in the raw materials for preparing plastering gypsum are not limited to the specific materials listed above, and materials capable of achieving the effects of various agents may be used in the preparation of plastering gypsum of the present application, and the specific materials listed above are not intended to limit the present application in any way or substantially.

The application also provides a preparation method of the plastering gypsum capable of purifying air, which comprises the following steps:

mixing the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar with an optional coupling agent, and then mixing with AII type anhydrous gypsum to obtain a first mixture;

mixing the rubber powder, the water-retaining agent and an optional retarder to obtain a second mixture;

mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

mixing the third mixture with building gypsum and optionally ground sand to obtain the plastering gypsum capable of purifying air;

in an embodiment of the present application, the method may further include: drying the gypsum at 45 ℃ to constant weight, and then drying at 350-450 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the AII type anhydrous gypsum.

This application is through the combined material to adding calcium alginate and biological charcoal in the gypsum that plasters for the gypsum that plasters has been given the function of adsorbing harmful granule, especially heavy metal granule in the atmosphere, can reduce heavy metal pollution's harm by a wide margin. Moreover, compared with the independent biochar and calcium alginate, the calcium alginate and the biochar show a synergistic adsorption effect after being compounded, so that the adsorption function of the plastering gypsum is obviously superior to that of plastering gypsum with the biochar and the calcium alginate added independently.

The composite material of calcium alginate and biochar is firstly wrapped by the coupling agent when the plastering gypsum is prepared, the compatibility of the composite material and the building gypsum can be improved, and the phenomenon of floating and gathering of the composite material is avoided.

Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the instrumentalities and methods described in the specification and claims.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.

The starting materials used in the following examples are all common commercial products unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

(1) Drying natural gypsum at 45 ℃ to constant weight, and then drying at 350 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain AII type anhydrous gypsum;

(2) weighing 20G of the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar and 0.1G of G-6 coupling agent, uniformly mixing, and then uniformly mixing with 20G of the AII type anhydrous gypsum obtained in the step (1) to obtain a first mixture;

(3) weighing 30 g of sodium citrate, 10 g of EVA, 5 g of methylcellulose and 5 g of sodium methylcellulose, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;

(4) mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

(5) weighing 300 g of grade III machine-made sand and 2000 g of building gypsum, uniformly mixing the two, pouring the third mixture obtained in the step (4) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and filling the mixture into a sealed storage bag for later use.

Example 2

(1) Drying the desulfurized gypsum at 45 ℃ to constant weight, and then drying the desulfurized gypsum at 420 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain AII type anhydrous gypsum;

(2) weighing 100 g of a composite material of calcium alginate and biochar, uniformly mixing the composite material with 1.5 g of tetrabutyl titanate, and then uniformly mixing the mixture with 100 g of AII type anhydrous gypsum obtained in the step (1) to obtain a first mixture;

(3) weighing 60 g of sodium polyphosphate, 10 g of EVA and 60 g of dextrin, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;

(4) mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

(5) weighing 300 g of grade III machine-made sand and 2000 g of building gypsum, uniformly mixing the two, pouring the third mixture obtained in the step (4) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and filling the mixture into a sealed storage bag for later use.

Example 3

(1) Drying phosphogypsum to constant weight at 45 ℃, and then drying for 2 hours at 450 ℃ to obtain AII type anhydrous gypsum;

(2) weighing 200 g of a composite material of calcium alginate and biochar, uniformly mixing the composite material with 3 g of KH560, and uniformly mixing the mixture with 200 g of AII type anhydrous gypsum obtained in the step (1) to obtain a first mixture;

(3) weighing 6 g of Plast Retard PE (SISISIIT 2000 in Italy), 60 g of acrylate and styrene copolymerized rubber powder (A/S), 5 g of methylcellulose and 5 g of sodium methylcellulose, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;

(4) mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

(5) weighing 400 g of grade III machine-made sand and 2000 g of building gypsum, uniformly mixing the two, pouring the third mixture obtained in the step (4) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and filling the mixture into a sealed storage bag for later use.

Example 4

This embodiment differs from embodiment 3 only in that: the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar is 300 g.

Example 5

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that: no coupling agent was added.

Comparative example 1

The plastering gypsum of this comparative example was a prader plastering gypsum (surface layer) which did not contain a composite of calcium alginate and biochar, alginate, and biochar.

Performance testing

Before testing, the plastering gypsum prepared in the examples and the comparative examples is prepared into slurry: 1000 g of water is weighed and poured into a stirring pot, the plastering gypsum prepared in the examples and the comparative examples is poured into the stirring pot, and after standing for 1 minute, the plastering gypsum is uniformly stirred to obtain plastering gypsum slurry.

And (3) determination of plastering gypsum adsorption lead particles: cutting a common gypsum board into test blocks with the length multiplied by the width of 350mm multiplied by 200mm, and randomly dividing the test blocks into 6 groups with the same quantity; plastering gypsum slurries prepared from the plastering gypsum of examples and comparative examples were respectively scraped on the front surfaces of 6 sets of gypsum board test pieces; after the plaster slurry to be plastered is dried, 8 groups of gypsum board test blocks are respectively stuck to 6 same inner walls of the test box according to the back surface facing inwards. Then, the common caulking gypsum slurry sold in the market is used for carrying out the plate-to-plate caulking treatment, after the indoor ventilation is carried out for 72 hours, the same amount of lead particles are blown into a test box, after the air in the test box is kept to flow at the same flow rate for 24 hours, air samples in 6 test boxes are respectively collected by a glass fiber filter membrane, the air samples are leached into sample solutions by nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide solutions (prepared by the nitric acid and the hydrogen peroxide sold in the market according to the volume ratio of 1: 1), and the absorption of ground state atoms on the characteristic radiation of the hollow cathode lamp, namely the absorption luminosity is measured at 283.3nm by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, so that the concentration of the lead in the test box is measured. In addition, the plastering plasters prepared in examples and comparative examples were tested for setting time, water retention rate and tensile bonding strength. The test results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

It can be seen that the plastering gypsum of the embodiment of the present application has a significantly better function of adsorbing lead particles than commercially available plastering gypsum. Further, when the amount of the building gypsum is 1000 parts by weight, the function of the plastering gypsum to adsorb lead particles is gradually enhanced and the tensile bond strength of the plastering gypsum is gradually reduced as the amount of the calcium alginate/biochar composite material is increased within the range of 10 to 150 parts by weight, which means that the addition of the calcium alginate/biochar composite material can provide the plastering gypsum with the function of adsorbing lead particles but adversely affects the tensile bond strength of the plastering gypsum. When the addition amount of the building gypsum is 1000 parts by weight and the addition amount of the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar is 10-150 parts by weight, the tensile bonding strength, the setting time and the water retention rate of the plastering gypsum can meet the use requirements. Therefore, when the addition amount of the building gypsum is 1000 parts by weight, the addition amount of the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar is preferably 10 to 150 parts by weight.

In addition, as can be seen from comparing example 1 and example 5, the addition of the coupling agent can enhance the function of adsorbing lead particles of the plastering gypsum to a certain extent, because the compatibility of the composite material and the building gypsum can be improved by wrapping the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar with the coupling agent firstly when preparing the plastering gypsum, the phenomenon of floating and aggregation of the composite material is avoided, and the composite material can be uniformly dispersed in the plastering gypsum.

Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The plastering gypsum capable of purifying air is characterized by comprising building gypsum, a composite material of calcium alginate and biochar.

2. The plastering gypsum of claim 1, wherein the calcium alginate and biochar composite is added in an amount of 10-150 parts by weight, optionally 10-100 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of the building gypsum.

3. The plastering gypsum of claim 1, further comprising a coupling agent.

4. The plastering gypsum of claim 3, wherein the coupling agent is selected from any one or more of titanate-based coupling agents and silane-based coupling agents.

5. The plastering gypsum of claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the composite of calcium alginate and biochar to the coupling agent is 10-100: 0.05-3.

6. The plastering gypsum according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising AII type anhydrous gypsum, a retarder, rubber powder, a water-retaining agent and machine-made sand, wherein the addition amount of the AII type anhydrous gypsum is 10 to 100 parts by weight, the addition amount of the retarder is 0 to 30 parts by weight, the addition amount of the rubber powder is 1 to 30 parts by weight, the addition amount of the water-retaining agent is 1 to 30 parts by weight and the addition amount of the machine-made sand is 0 to 200 parts by weight based on 1000 parts by weight of the building gypsum.

7. The plastering gypsum of claim 6, wherein the retarder is selected from any one or more of organic acid and soluble salts thereof, phosphate-based retarder, borax, and protein-based retarder.

8. The plastering gypsum of claim 6, wherein the rubber powder is selected from any one or more of redispersible latex powders.

9. The plastering gypsum of claim 6, wherein the water retaining agent is selected from any one or more of cellulose water retaining agents and dextrin water retaining agents.

10. A method of preparing plastering gypsum capable of purifying air, comprising:

mixing the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar with an optional coupling agent, and then mixing with AII type anhydrous gypsum to obtain a first mixture;

mixing the rubber powder, the water-retaining agent and an optional retarder to obtain a second mixture;

mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

mixing the third mixture with building gypsum and optionally ground sand to obtain the plastering gypsum capable of purifying air;

optionally, the method further comprises: drying the gypsum at 45 ℃ to constant weight, and then drying at 350-450 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the AII type anhydrous gypsum.