CN111520416A - Sliding pair structure of automobile steering intermediate shaft - Google Patents
Sliding pair structure of automobile steering intermediate shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111520416A CN111520416A CN202010378060.2A CN202010378060A CN111520416A CN 111520416 A CN111520416 A CN 111520416A CN 202010378060 A CN202010378060 A CN 202010378060A CN 111520416 A CN111520416 A CN 111520416A
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- spline
- sliding pair
- shaft
- injection molding
- rolling
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
- F16D3/06—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement
- F16D3/065—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement by means of rolling elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D3/00—Steering gears
- B62D3/02—Steering gears mechanical
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Steering Controls (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile steering shafts, in particular to an automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure, wherein the existing automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair injection molding ring gear has larger deformation and has safety failure risk, the automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure comprises a spline shaft and a spline pipe, an injection molding body is arranged outside the spline shaft, a plurality of first spline steel teeth and first roller paths are distributed on the outer surface of the spline shaft, a knurled spline is arranged on the surface of an annular groove, a second spline steel tooth corresponding to each first spline steel tooth and a second roller path corresponding to the first roller path are arranged on the inner wall of the spline pipe, the injection molding body is a discontinuous structure attached to the surface of the annular groove of the spline shaft and the surface of the first roller path, a third roller path and an injection molding ring tooth corresponding to the second roller path on the spline pipe are distributed on the outer surface of the injection molding body, and a rolling piece is arranged in a closed roller path groove formed, the safety is high, the cost is low, and the method has a good development prospect in the technical field of automobile steering shafts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile steering shafts, in particular to a sliding pair structure of an automobile steering intermediate shaft.
Background
The common steering intermediate shaft sliding pair has 3 structures, namely a nylon coating sliding pair, an injection molding spline sliding pair and a steel ball sliding pair.
The nylon coating sliding pair is characterized in that: the sliding pair consists of a spline shaft, a spline pipe and a nylon coating 3 attached to the surface of the spline shaft, but the nylon coating participates in friction in the whole process when the sliding pair works, and along with the increase of action torque and the increase of action time, the abrasion of the nylon coating is correspondingly accelerated, and early abnormal sound is easily generated, so that the sliding pair is not suitable for high-torque C-EPS application; and because of the existence of the nylon coating, the torsional rigidity of the sliding pair is low, so that the steering sensitivity of the vehicle is reduced; the sliding friction force is not easy to control, and the customer loading complaint is easy to cause.
The injection molding spline sliding pair is characterized in that: the sliding pair is composed of a spline shaft, a spline pipe and a plurality of (generally more than or equal to 2) injection molding ring tooth parts distributed on the surface of the spline shaft at intervals, and in order to ensure the adhesiveness of an injection molding ring on the surface of the spline shaft, a knurled spline is generally designed on the outer surface of the annular part of the spline shaft corresponding to the injection molding ring teeth; the working principle is as follows: the steel teeth of the spline shaft and the spline tube are designed to be in clearance fit, the span of the injection ring teeth is larger than that of the steel teeth of the spline shaft, and the injection ring teeth and the spline tube form interference fit; when the sliding pair transmits torque, firstly, the injection ring gear is extruded by the spline tube inner spline to generate plastic deformation and transmit torque, along with the rise of action torque, the deformation of the injection ring gear is gradually increased, so that the spline tube inner spline is gradually contacted with the spline shaft outer spline to transmit larger torque load, and the transmission of the torque is smoothly realized due to the existence of the injection ring gear in the whole loading process, so that abnormal sound caused by mechanical impact of steel teeth can not be generated; however, the injection molding ring needs to be realized through an injection molding process, and the precision requirement on an injection mold is high; in order to ensure that the sliding pair has higher integral torsional rigidity, the tooth form of the injection ring tooth is generally designed to be larger, so that the sliding force of a product is easy to be higher, the working strength of workers in a main engine plant is further increased, and customer complaints are caused; the smoothness of the sliding force is not easy to control, the fluctuation is large, and the experience of customers is poor.
The steel ball sliding pair is characterized in that: the sliding pair consists of a spline shaft, a spline pipe and a steel ball 3 part, and the steel ball is generally preassembled by using a retainer to form a steel ball retainer assembly in order to facilitate assembly of a production line; the working principle is as follows: in order to reduce friction, the spline shaft and the spline tube roller path are designed into peach-shaped roller paths, the steel ball is positioned in the peach-shaped roller paths to form a 4-point contact design, and rolling friction is realized while torque is transmitted, so that a small sliding force can be generated by a sliding byproduct, but the roller path matching part has the safety failure risk that the torque cannot be effectively transmitted after the steel ball is separated or cracked, and the essential design defect exists; the spline shaft and the spline pipe need to be subjected to heat treatment to improve the surface hardness, and the manufacturing cost is high; the spline shaft and the spline tube raceway need to be formed by grinding or precise cold extrusion, and the former has high manufacturing cost and low production efficiency; the latter can be formed only by a plurality of cold extrusion processes, the investment of a die is large, and the maintenance cost is high; the steel balls generally need to be managed in groups, and the cost is increased.
The existing three kinds of sliding pairs of the steering intermediate shaft have the advantages but have the defects, and a new sliding pair structure of the steering intermediate shaft of the automobile is designed in advance to overcome the defects of the existing sliding pairs of the intermediate shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a sliding pair structure of an automobile steering intermediate shaft, which solves the problems that the deformation of an injection ring gear is large and the safety failure risk that torque cannot be effectively transmitted once a steel ball is separated in the existing sliding pair of the automobile steering intermediate shaft is high in the existing sliding pair of the automobile steering intermediate shaft.
The technical scheme is that the automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure comprises a spline shaft and a spline pipe, wherein an injection molding body is arranged outside the spline shaft, a plurality of discontinuous first spline steel teeth and first rolling ways are distributed on the outer surface of the spline shaft, the first spline steel teeth are arranged in the circumferential direction of the spline shaft and distributed in the extending direction of the spline shaft, an annular groove is formed between the first spline steel teeth, a knurled spline is arranged on the surface of the annular groove, the first rolling ways are arranged in the extending direction of the spline shaft and distributed in the circumferential direction of the spline shaft, second spline steel teeth corresponding to the first spline steel teeth and second rolling ways corresponding to the first rolling ways are arranged on the inner wall of the spline pipe, the injection molding body is of a discontinuous structure attached to the surface of the annular groove of the spline shaft and the surface of the first rolling ways, and third rolling ways and injection molding ring teeth corresponding to the second rolling ways on the spline pipe are distributed on the, the structure with the injection ring teeth on the surface of the injection body is positioned at each annular groove, a rolling piece is arranged in a closed raceway groove formed by the second raceway on the spline pipe and the third raceway on the injection body together, in order to eliminate a sliding pair gap, the contact part of the rolling piece and the raceway groove adopts a pre-pressing design, namely the rolling piece and the surface of the injection body are designed to be in interference connection, when the sliding pair is twisted and loaded, the second raceway on the inner wall of the spline pipe firstly extrudes the rolling piece, and then the rolling piece extrudes the third raceway on the injection body in contact with the rolling piece and enables the third raceway to generate elastic deformation; along with the increase of the loading torque, the relative angular displacement of the spline tube and the spline shaft is increased, the second spline steel teeth on the spline tube are gradually contacted with the injection molding ring teeth firstly, then contacted with the first steel tooth splines on the spline shaft and finally achieve the purpose of transmitting higher torque.
Furthermore, the injection molding body is provided with at least two injection molding ring teeth at intervals, the span of the injection molding ring teeth is larger than that of the steel teeth on the spline shaft, and the span difference of the injection molding ring teeth and the steel teeth is 0.02-0.5 mm.
Furthermore, the first rolling path is an arc rolling path, and the second rolling path and the third rolling path are peach-shaped rolling paths, so that a peach-shaped rolling path groove is formed together, and a 4-point contact design is formed between the peach-shaped rolling path groove and the rolling element.
Furthermore, the spline shaft is designed as a hollow shaft, so that the weight of the product is reduced.
Further, the rolling members are spherical.
Further, the rolling members are cylindrical rollers.
Furthermore, the injection molding body is coated on the surface of the spline shaft through an injection molding process.
Furthermore, the spline shaft and the spline pipe are manufactured and molded by adopting a broaching process or a cold extrusion molding process.
The sliding pair has the technical effects that due to the arrangement of the rolling parts, the sliding pair mainly realizes telescopic movement through rolling of the rolling parts under the condition of no load, and compared with the traditional nylon coating sliding pair and injection molding spline sliding pair, the sliding force of the sliding pair can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the smoothness of sliding can be improved; in addition, due to the design of the spline steel teeth, when the steel ball is separated from the sliding pair, torque can be effectively transmitted through the spline steel teeth on the spline shaft and the spline pipe, potential safety hazards of the traditional steel ball sliding pair are solved, compared with the traditional steel ball sliding pair, the structure has the advantages that the grouping management requirements on the steel balls are greatly reduced, and the management and control cost can be effectively saved; in addition, the spline shaft does not need heat treatment, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the problems in the three existing automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structures are solved, and the steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure with relatively more advantages is formed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in the direction of A-A.
FIG. 3 is a drawing of the present invention
The structure is enlarged.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in the direction B-B.
FIG. 5 is a drawing of the present invention
The structure is enlarged.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the spline shaft structure of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the C-C structure of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a spline tube configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the D-D structure of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a drawing of the present invention
The structure is enlarged.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the injection-molded article of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the fitting structure of the roller type rolling element of the present invention.
1. The novel plastic injection molding device comprises a spline shaft, a spline tube 2, an injection molding body 3, a rolling piece 4, a first spline steel tooth 51, a second spline steel tooth 52, a raceway groove 6, a first raceway 61, a second raceway 62, a third raceway 63, an annular groove 7, a knurled spline 8 and an injection molding annular tooth 9.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicating the directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 to 12, the sliding pair structure of the automotive steering intermediate shaft comprises a spline shaft 1 and a spline tube 2, wherein an injection molded body 3 is arranged outside the spline shaft 1, a plurality of discontinuous first spline steel teeth 51 and first rolling ways 61 are distributed on the outer surface of the spline shaft 1, the first spline steel teeth 51 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the spline shaft 1 and are distributed in the extending direction of the spline shaft 1, an annular groove 7 is formed between the first spline steel teeth 51, a knurled spline 8 is arranged on the surface of the annular groove 7, the first rolling ways 61 are arranged in the extending direction of the spline shaft 1 and are distributed in the circumferential direction of the spline shaft 1, a second spline steel tooth 52 corresponding to each first spline steel tooth 51 and a second rolling way 62 corresponding to the first rolling way 61 are arranged on the inner wall of the spline tube 2, the injection molded body 3 is a discontinuous structure which is coated on the surface of the annular groove 7 and the surface of the first rolling way 61 attached to the spline shaft 1, the outer surface of the injection molding body 3 is distributed with a third rolling way 63 and an injection molding ring gear 9 which correspond to the second rolling way 62 on the spline tube 2, the structure with the injection molding ring gear 9 on the surface of the injection molding body 3 is positioned at each annular groove 7, a rolling part 4 is arranged in a closed rolling way groove 6 which is formed by the second rolling way on the spline tube 2 and the third rolling way on the injection molding body 3 together, in order to eliminate the clearance of a sliding pair, the contact part of the rolling part 4 and the rolling way groove 6 adopts a pre-pressing design, namely the rolling part 4 and the surface of the injection molding body are designed to be in interference connection, when the sliding pair is twisted and loaded, the second rolling way 62 on the inner wall of the spline tube firstly extrudes the rolling part 4, and then the rolling part 4 extrudes the third rolling way 63 on the injection molding; along with the increase of the loading torque, the relative angular displacement of the spline tube 2 and the spline shaft 1 is increased, the second spline steel teeth 52 on the spline tube 2 are gradually contacted with the injection ring teeth 9 firstly, then contacted with the first steel tooth splines 51 on the spline shaft 1 and finally achieve the purpose of transmitting higher torque, when the rolling piece 4 is separated from the sliding pair, the torque can still be effectively transmitted due to the existence of the spline steel teeth, the potential safety hazard of the traditional steel ball sliding pair is solved, and the spline shaft and the spline tube are manufactured and formed by adopting a broaching process or a cold extrusion forming process.
Example two: on the basis of one embodiment, no less than two injection ring teeth 9 are distributed on the injection molded body 3 at intervals, the span of the injection ring teeth 9 is larger than that of the first spline steel tooth, the span difference between the two is 0.02-0.5mm, the first raceway 61 is an arc raceway, the second raceway 62 and the third raceway 63 are peach-shaped raceways, each peach-shaped raceway is composed of 2 eccentric sections of R1 and R2 arcs, R1= R2 is designed, R1 and R2 are symmetrically distributed relative to the central plane of the raceway, and alpha is the contact angle of the rolling body 4 and R1, and correspondingly, the rolling body 4 and R2 also have the contact angle which is equal to alpha in size and symmetrical relative to the central plane of the raceways. The purpose of the design is to realize point contact of the rolling elements in the rolling way so as to reduce rolling friction to the maximum, and the rolling way groove is a peach-shaped rolling way and forms 4-point contact design with the rolling elements.
In the above embodiment, the spline shaft 1 is designed as a hollow shaft, so that the weight of the product is reduced.
In the above embodiments, the rolling elements 4 are spherical.
In the above embodiments, the rolling elements 4 are cylindrical rollers.
The sliding pair has the technical effects that due to the arrangement of the rolling parts, the sliding pair mainly realizes telescopic movement through rolling of the rolling parts under the condition of no load, and compared with the traditional nylon coating sliding pair and injection molding spline sliding pair, the sliding force of the sliding pair can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the smoothness of sliding can be improved; in addition, due to the design of the spline steel teeth, when the steel ball is separated from the sliding pair, torque can be effectively transmitted through the spline steel teeth on the spline shaft and the spline pipe, potential safety hazards of the traditional steel ball sliding pair are solved, compared with the traditional steel ball sliding pair, the structure has the advantages that the grouping management requirements on the steel balls are greatly reduced, and the management and control cost can be effectively saved; in addition, the spline shaft does not need heat treatment, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the problems in the three existing automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structures are solved, and the steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure with relatively more advantages is formed.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments and examples, but these are not intended to limit the present invention. Many variations and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, which should also be considered as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure comprises a spline shaft (1) and a spline tube (2), and is characterized in that an injection molding body (3) is arranged outside the spline shaft (1), a plurality of discontinuous first spline steel teeth (51) and first rolling ways (61) are distributed on the outer surface of the spline shaft (1), each first spline steel tooth (51) is arranged according to the circumferential direction of the spline shaft (1) and distributed according to the extending direction of the spline shaft (1), an annular groove (7) is formed between the first spline steel teeth (51), a knurled spline (8) is arranged on the surface of the annular groove (7), each first rolling way (61) is arranged according to the extending direction of the spline shaft (1) and distributed according to the circumferential direction of the spline shaft (1), second spline steel teeth (52) corresponding to the first spline steel teeth (51) and second rolling ways (62) corresponding to the first rolling ways (61) are arranged on the inner wall of the spline tube (2), the injection molding body (3) is the discontinuous structure who adheres to on integral key shaft (1) ring channel (7) surface and first raceway (61) surface, injection molding body (3) surface distribution have with spline pipe (2) go up third raceway (63) that second raceway (62) correspond and with the ring tooth (9) of moulding plastics that second spline steel tooth corresponds, set up rolling member (4) in closed raceway groove (6) that spline pipe (2) and injection molding body (3) formed jointly, rolling member (4) and injection molding body (3) surface interference are connected.
2. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection molded body (3) is provided with at least two injection molded ring teeth (9) at intervals, the span of the injection molded ring teeth (9) is larger than that of the first spline steel teeth (51), and the difference between the two spans is 0.02-0.5 mm.
3. The automotive steering countershaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, wherein the first raceway (61) is a circular arc raceway, and the second raceway (62) and the third raceway (63) are peach-shaped raceways.
4. The motor vehicle steering countershaft sliding pair arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the spline shaft (1) is of hollow shaft design.
5. The automotive steering countershaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, wherein the rolling elements (4) are spherical.
6. The automotive steering countershaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, wherein the rolling elements (4) are cylindrical rollers.
7. The automotive steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection molded body (3) is coated on the surface of the spline shaft (1) through an injection molding process.
8. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 7, wherein the spline shaft and the spline tube are manufactured and molded by a cold extrusion process.
9. The sliding pair structure for an automobile steering intermediate shaft according to claim 7, wherein the spline shaft and the spline tube are formed by a broaching process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010378060.2A CN111520416B (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Sliding pair structure of steering intermediate shaft of automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010378060.2A CN111520416B (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Sliding pair structure of steering intermediate shaft of automobile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111520416A true CN111520416A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
| CN111520416B CN111520416B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010378060.2A Active CN111520416B (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Sliding pair structure of steering intermediate shaft of automobile |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113619677A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-09 | 豫北凯斯特隆（新乡）汽车科技有限公司 | Steering shaft and ball frame structure for transmitting torque |
| CN115158440A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-11 | 豫北凯斯特隆（新乡）汽车科技有限公司 | Steel ball type steering shaft with redundant structure and ball frame structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113619677A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-09 | 豫北凯斯特隆（新乡）汽车科技有限公司 | Steering shaft and ball frame structure for transmitting torque |
| CN115158440A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-11 | 豫北凯斯特隆（新乡）汽车科技有限公司 | Steel ball type steering shaft with redundant structure and ball frame structure |
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