CN111470483A - Utilize freon to concentrate system as cold and hot carrier's nitric acid - Google Patents
Utilize freon to concentrate system as cold and hot carrier's nitric acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111470483A CN111470483A CN202010503391.4A CN202010503391A CN111470483A CN 111470483 A CN111470483 A CN 111470483A CN 202010503391 A CN202010503391 A CN 202010503391A CN 111470483 A CN111470483 A CN 111470483A
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- nitric acid
- freon
- pipeline
- cold
- inner shell
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- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
- C01B21/38—Nitric acid
- C01B21/44—Concentration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0011—Heating features
- B01D1/0041—Use of fluids
- B01D1/0047—Use of fluids in a closed circuit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
- B01D1/2881—Compression specifications (e.g. pressure, temperature, processes)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
- B01D1/289—Compressor features (e.g. constructions, details, cooling, lubrication, driving systems)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
- B01D1/2896—Control, regulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
- B01D1/305—Demister (vapour-liquid separation)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a nitric acid concentration system using Freon as a cold and hot carrier, which comprises an evaporator, a Freon compressor, a gas-liquid separation device and a collection tank, wherein a feed inlet of the evaporator is connected with a dilute nitric acid conveying pipeline, an outlet of the Freon compressor is connected with a heat source inlet of the evaporator, a discharge outlet of the evaporator is connected with the gas-liquid separation device, the gas-liquid separation device is connected with the collection tank, and the gas-liquid separation device is also connected with a steam treatment device. The Freon is used as a cold and hot carrier to evaporate and concentrate dilute nitric acid, so that the heat exchange efficiency is high, the heat loss is low, and the overall energy consumption is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nitric acid concentration, in particular to a nitric acid concentration system using Freon as a cold and hot carrier.
Background
Nitric acid is a strong acid with strong oxidizing property and corrosiveness, is also an important chemical raw material, and is mainly applied to the industrial production of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, explosives, fuels, salts and the like. In a factory, dilute nitric acid is often required to be concentrated to obtain nitric acid with higher concentration, and then nitration reaction is carried out.
At present, a nitric acid concentration tower is mostly adopted to concentrate dilute nitric acid, the heat loss is large in the concentration process, and the energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a nitric acid concentration system using Freon as a cold and hot carrier, which uses Freon as a cold and hot carrier to evaporate and concentrate dilute nitric acid, and has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, small heat loss and low overall energy consumption.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a nitric acid concentration system using Freon as a cold and hot carrier comprises an evaporator, a Freon compressor, a gas-liquid separation device and a collection tank, wherein a feed inlet of the evaporator is connected with a dilute nitric acid delivery pipeline, an outlet of the Freon compressor is connected with a heat source inlet of the evaporator, a discharge outlet of the evaporator is connected with the gas-liquid separation device, the gas-liquid separation device is connected with the collection tank, and the gas-liquid separation device is also connected with a steam treatment device;
the gas-liquid separation device comprises an outer shell, an inner shell arranged in the outer shell, a liquid discharge pipeline fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the outer shell, an exhaust pipeline fixedly arranged at the top end of the outer shell, a feeding pipeline fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the outer shell, a flow shielding plate arranged above the liquid discharge pipeline and a liquid passing prevention mechanism arranged above the flow shielding plate;
the inner shell is a hollow shell with an opening at the bottom end, and the top end of the inner shell is fixedly connected with the outer shell;
the exhaust pipeline penetrates through the top wall of the outer shell and extends into the inner shell, and the exhaust pipeline and the inner shell are arranged at intervals;
the feeding pipeline penetrates through the side wall of the outer shell and is fixedly connected with the inner shell, and the feeding pipeline is communicated with the inside of the inner shell;
a guide plate is arranged between the exhaust pipeline and the inner shell, the guide plate is spirally arranged, one end of the guide plate is positioned below the joint of the feed pipeline and the inner shell, the other end of the guide plate spirally extends downwards to the bottom end of the inner shell, and the side wall of the inner shell is also provided with a plurality of separation holes;
the discharge port of the evaporator is connected with a feed pipeline, the liquid discharge pipeline is connected with a collecting tank, and the exhaust pipeline is connected with a steam treatment device.
By adopting the technical scheme, dilute nitric acid is sent into an evaporator, a Freon compressor pressurizes and heats Freon and then sends the Freon into the evaporator to be used as a heat source, the dilute nitric acid is heated and evaporated in the evaporator, moisture in the dilute nitric acid is changed into steam, so that the dilute nitric acid is dehydrated and the concentration is increased, the concentrated dilute nitric acid and the steam enter a gas-liquid separation device together, the concentrated nitric acid is separated from the steam under the action of the gas-liquid separation device, the concentrated nitric acid is stored in a collection tank to wait for subsequent nitration reaction, the separated steam enters a steam treatment device, the steam treatment device neutralizes the acidity in the steam and then discharges the neutralized steam into sewage treatment equipment in a factory, the pollution to the external environment is reduced, and the Freon is used as a heat exchange carrier of the concentrated nitric acid, so that the heat exchange efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low. Wherein, the nitric acid after the evaporation of being heated gets into back in the gas-liquid separation device, gets into the inner shell from the charge-in pipeline to move along with the trend of guide plate, remove the in-process, nitric acid and vapor all receive centrifugal force's influence, because nitric acid is liquid, vapor is gaseous, and the centrifugal force that nitric acid received is bigger than the centrifugal force that vapor received, and then nitric acid moves to the lateral wall one side of inner shell for vapor, thereby makes vapor and nitric acid separation. And, part nitric acid then can get into in the shell through the separation hole under the effect of centrifugal force, and flow downwards along the inside wall of shell, and the remaining part nitric acid then falls into the shell with vapor together from the bottom opening part of inner shell, nitric acid falls down under the effect of gravity on the board that hides, vapor then upward movement gets into the exhaust duct in, and discharge through the exhaust duct, nitric acid downstream is discharged by the drainage tube, realize the separation function to nitric acid and vapor, its separation effect is better, improve the concentrated effect to nitric acid.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the liquid passing prevention mechanism comprises a guide rod fixedly arranged at the top end of the flow shielding plate, a floating ball sleeved on the guide rod and connected with the guide rod in a sliding manner, and a baffle plate arranged on the floating ball;
the area of the baffle is not less than the area of the bottom opening of the air inlet pipeline.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the flow rate of nitric acid is too fast, can pile up more nitric acid on the board that hides, the floater then changes according to the liquid level altitude variation that hides nitric acid on the board, and when the nitric acid liquid level was too high back, the floater drove the baffle rebound, makes the baffle seal exhaust duct's bottom opening, makes during nitric acid can't get into the drain pipe, guarantees the stability of gas-liquid separation device during operation.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the top surface of the baffle is arranged in a spherical surface protruding upwards.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can play the guide effect to vapor, make during vapor upflow arrives exhaust duct, be convenient for again the baffle rebound in-process, make exhaust duct's bottom opening reduce gradually and close, be favorable to the flow of vapor.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the top surface of the flow shielding plate is arranged in a spherical surface protruding upwards.
By adopting the technical scheme, the nitric acid falling on the flow shielding plate can flow to one side of the side wall of the shell gradually along the trend of the flow shielding plate, so that the flow of the nitric acid is smoother.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the junction of the liquid discharge pipeline and the shell is in a conical arrangement with the diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the liquid discharge pipeline and the shell are integrally formed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, be convenient for the concentrated nitric acid of back flow to the drain line along the inside wall of shell in.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the steam treatment device comprises a condenser and a neutralization tank;
the exhaust pipeline is connected with a feed inlet of a condenser, and a discharge outlet of the condenser is connected with a neutralization tank;
and a heat source outlet of the evaporator is connected with a cold source inlet of the condenser, and a cold source outlet of the condenser is connected with an inlet of the compressor.
By adopting the technical scheme, the separated water vapor enters the condenser, the freon subjected to heat exchange in the evaporator is liquefied and flows into the condenser to exchange heat with the water vapor, the freon with lower temperature provides a cold source for the condenser, so that the water vapor is cooled to change acid water, the condensed acid water flows into the neutralization tank, the acid in the acid water is neutralized in the neutralization tank, and then the acid water is discharged into sewage treatment equipment in a factory, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced; and the freon that heat transfer was accomplished in the condenser is then heated the vaporization once more to flow in the freon compression pump, and the freon compression pump pressurizes the intensification back to freon again and sends into the evaporimeter and provide the heat source, makes freon become entire system's cold and hot carrier, and heat exchange efficiency is high, and the energy consumption is low.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and a throttle valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the evaporator and the condenser.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the freon after the liquefaction flows the in-process to condenser one side, and during the choke valve, the velocity of flow of accessible choke valve regulation and control freon makes the cooling after the freon decompression inflation, improves follow-up condensation efficiency to vapor.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the condenser is also connected with a vacuum pump.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the vacuum pump can maintain entire system and be in the negative pressure state, and nitric acid evaporation temperature is lower in hollow environment, improves the evaporative concentration efficiency of nitric acid.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the Freon is used as a cold and hot carrier, and after the dilute nitric acid is heated and concentrated, the evaporated water vapor is condensed, so that the concentration efficiency of the dilute nitric acid is improved, the water vapor with acidity is neutralized and recovered conveniently, and the environmental pollution is reduced;
2. the gas-liquid separation device improves the separation efficiency of the concentrated nitric acid and the water vapor and improves the concentration effect of the nitric acid by the matching of the inner shell and the outer shell and under the action of the guide plate;
3. the gas-liquid separation device is provided with the liquid passing prevention device, so that the nitric acid cannot enter the exhaust pipeline when the flow speed of the nitric acid is too high, and the stability of the gas-liquid separation device in the use process is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a nitric acid concentration system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gas-liquid separator;
fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the housing;
fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the liquid passing prevention mechanism.
In the figure, 1, an evaporator; 2. a freon compressor; 3. a gas-liquid separation device; 31. a housing; 32. an inner shell; 321. a separation well; 33. a feed conduit; 34. a liquid discharge conduit; 35. an exhaust duct; 36. a baffle; 37. a flow shielding plate; 38. a filter screen; 39. a liquid-passing prevention mechanism; 391. a guide bar; 392. a floating ball; 393. a baffle plate; 4. a steam treatment device; 41. a condenser; 42. a neutralization tank; 5. a vacuum pump; 6. a collection tank; 7. a throttle valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the nitric acid concentration system using freon as a cold and hot carrier disclosed by the invention comprises an evaporator 1, a freon compressor 2, a gas-liquid separation device 3, a steam treatment device 4, a vacuum pump 5 and a collection tank 6, wherein a feed inlet of the evaporator 1 is connected with a dilute nitric acid delivery pipeline, a heat source inlet of the evaporator 1 is connected with an outlet of the freon compressor 2, so that dilute nitric acid is delivered into the evaporator 1, meanwhile, the freon compressor 2 pressurizes and heats freon and then delivers into the evaporator 1 to provide heat for the evaporation of the dilute nitric acid, the dilute nitric acid is heated in the evaporator 1 to evaporate moisture contained in the dilute nitric acid to form vapor, the concentration of the residual nitric acid is increased, and the concentration function of the nitric acid is realized.
Referring to fig. 1, the discharge port of the evaporator 1 is connected to the feed port of the gas-liquid separator 3, and the nitric acid and the steam after being heated and evaporated are introduced into the gas-liquid separator 3, and the concentrated nitric acid is discharged from the discharge port thereof and the steam is discharged from the exhaust port thereof by the gas-liquid separator 3, whereby the nitric acid and the steam are separated to obtain the concentrated nitric acid.
Referring to fig. 1, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 3 is connected to the collection tank 6, and the concentrated nitric acid is stored in the collection tank 6 to wait for the subsequent nitration reaction. The exhaust port of the gas-liquid separation device 3 is connected with the steam treatment device 4, the separated steam enters the steam treatment device 4, and the steam treatment device 4 can neutralize the acid carried in the steam so as to reduce the environmental pollution.
Referring to fig. 1, the steam treatment device 4 comprises a condenser 41 and a neutralization tank 42, an exhaust port of the gas-liquid separation device 3 is connected with a feed inlet of the condenser 41, a discharge port of the condenser 41 is connected with the neutralization tank 42, a heat source outlet of the evaporator 1 is also connected with a cold source inlet of the condenser 41, a throttle valve 7 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the evaporator 1 and the condenser 41, and a cold source outlet of the condenser 41 is connected with an inlet of the freon compressor 2.
In the process of heating the dilute nitric acid, the gaseous freon is liquefied and flows to the condenser 41 side, and when passing through the throttle valve 7, the flow rate of the freon is controlled by the throttle valve 7, so that the liquid freon is decompressed, expanded, cooled, and then flows into the condenser 41. And the separated water vapor enters the condenser 41 at the same time, at the moment, because the temperature of Freon in the condenser 41 is lower than the temperature of the water vapor, the water vapor is cooled and liquefied into acid water, the acid water is sent into the neutralization tank 42 for neutralization, and finally the neutralized sewage is discharged into sewage treatment equipment in a factory, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced.
The freon discharged from the condenser 41 is heated and vaporized, and is sent into the freon compressor 2 again, and enters the evaporator 1 after being pressurized and heated by the freon compressor 2, so as to provide heat source for the evaporation and concentration of the dilute nitric acid again, and form a circulation. In the whole process, Freon is used as a cold and hot carrier to evaporate and concentrate dilute nitric acid, so that the heat loss is low and the energy consumption is low.
Referring to fig. 1, the condenser 41 is further connected to a vacuum pump 5, and the vacuum pump 5 can maintain the whole system in a negative pressure state, so as to ensure that the nitric acid can be evaporated at a lower temperature in vacuum, thereby improving the concentration efficiency of the nitric acid.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the gas-liquid separation device 3 includes an outer shell 31, the outer shell 31 is a hollow cylinder, an inner shell 32 is fixedly disposed in the outer shell 31, the inner shell 32 is hollow and has two open ends, an axis of the inner shell 32 coincides with an axis of the outer shell 31, a top end of the inner shell 32 is fixedly connected with a top wall of the outer shell 31, and a diameter of the inner shell 32 is smaller than a diameter of the outer shell 31, that is, the inner shell 32 and the outer shell 31 are spaced apart from each other. The outer side wall of the top of the outer shell 31 is fixedly provided with a feeding pipeline 33, the feeding pipeline 33 is arranged along the tangential direction of the inner shell 32, one end of the feeding pipeline 33 penetrates through the outer shell 31 and is fixedly connected with the inner shell 32, the feeding pipeline 33 is communicated with the inside of the inner shell 32, and one end, far away from the inner shell 32, of the feeding pipeline 33 is a feeding hole.
Referring to fig. 3, a liquid discharge pipe 34 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the housing 31, the axis of the liquid discharge pipe 34 coincides with the axis of the housing 31, the joint of the liquid discharge pipe 34 and the housing 31 is in a tapered shape with gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom, and the bottom end of the liquid discharge pipe 34 is a liquid discharge port. An exhaust duct 35 is fixedly arranged at the top of the outer shell 31, the axis of the exhaust duct 35 coincides with the axis of the outer shell 31, the bottom end of the exhaust duct 35 extends into the inner shell 32 and is located above the liquid discharge duct 34, and the top end of the exhaust duct 35 is an exhaust port.
Referring to fig. 3, a flow guide plate 36 is fixedly arranged between the inner casing 32 and the exhaust duct 35, the flow guide plate 36 is spirally arranged, one end of the flow guide plate 36 is located below the connection position of the feed duct 33 and the inner casing 32, and the other end of the flow guide plate extends to the bottom end of the exhaust duct 35 along the axis of the exhaust duct 35 in a spiral downward manner. The sidewall of the inner casing 32 is further provided with a plurality of separation holes 321, and the separation holes 321 are also uniformly arranged downwards spirally along the trend of the guide plate 36.
Referring to fig. 3, a flow shielding plate 37 is further fixedly disposed in the outer shell 31, the flow shielding plate 37 is located between the liquid discharge pipe 34 and the inner shell 32, the flow shielding plate 37 is disposed in a spherical shape with an upward convex center, a filtering net 38 is disposed on the inner side wall diameter of the flow shielding plate 37 and the outer shell 31, the filtering net 38 is disposed in a ring shape, and the flow shielding plate 37 is fixedly disposed on the outer shell 31 through the filtering net 38.
After the heated and evaporated nitric acid enters the inner shell 32 from the feeding hole, the nitric acid moves downwards along with the guide plate 36 in a spiral manner, because the centrifugal force applied to the liquid nitric acid during the movement is greater than the centrifugal force applied to the water vapor, the nitric acid and the water vapor move towards one side of the side wall of the inner shell 32 relative to the water vapor during the movement process, so that the water vapor is separated from the nitric acid, and part of the nitric acid flows into the space between the outer shell 31 and the inner shell 32 through the separation hole 321, flows downwards along the side wall of the outer shell 31 under the action of gravity, and enters the liquid drainage pipeline 34 through the filter screen 38 to be discharged; the rest part of nitric acid can enter the upper part of the flow shielding plate 37 along with the water vapor, the water vapor and the nitric acid are separated in the moving process, the water vapor moves upwards to enter the exhaust pipeline 35 and is exhausted from the exhaust port, the nitric acid is lowered to the upper part of the flow shielding plate 37 under the action of gravity, the nitric acid cannot directly fall into the liquid drainage pipeline 34 through the flow shielding plate 37, the nitric acid is prevented from entering the liquid drainage pipeline 34 together with the water vapor, the nitric acid on the flow shielding plate 37 slowly flows into the liquid drainage pipeline 34 and is exhausted through the liquid drainage port, and the separation function of the nitric acid and the water vapor is further realized.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the baffle 37 is further provided with an anti-overflow mechanism 39, and the anti-overflow mechanism 39 can prevent the nitric acid from flowing into the exhaust pipe 35 at an excessively high speed.
Referring to fig. 4, the liquid passing prevention mechanism 39 includes a guide rod 391 fixed to the top surface of the flow shielding plate 37, the guide rod 391 is disposed along the axial direction of the housing 31, and an end of the guide rod 391 remote from the flow shielding plate 37 extends to the inside of the exhaust duct 35. The guide rod 391 is sleeved with a floating ball 392 in sliding connection with the guide rod, and a baffle 393 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the floating ball 392, so that the baffle 393 can move along with the floating ball 392. The area of the baffle 393 is the same as the area of the bottom opening of the exhaust duct 35, and the top surface of the baffle 393 is also spherically disposed protruding upward.
When the flow speed of the nitric acid is too high, more nitric acid exists above the flow shielding plate 37, the floating ball 392 is driven to move upwards, the baffle 393 gradually seals the bottom end opening of the exhaust pipeline 35, and the nitric acid cannot enter the exhaust pipeline 35 at the moment; when the nitric acid above the outer baffle plate 37 is reduced, the floating ball 392 moves downwards to drive the baffle 393 to leave the exhaust pipe 35, so that the bottom opening of the exhaust pipe 35 leaks, and the water vapor can be continuously discharged from the exhaust pipe 35, thereby ensuring the stability of the gas-liquid separation device 3 during operation.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an utilize concentrated system of nitric acid of freon as cold and hot carrier, includes evaporimeter (1), freon compressor (2), gas-liquid separation device (3) and holding tank (6), its characterized in that: the feed inlet of the evaporator (1) is connected with a dilute nitric acid conveying pipeline, the outlet of the Freon compressor (2) is connected with the heat source inlet of the evaporator (1), the discharge outlet of the evaporator (1) is connected with a gas-liquid separation device (3), the gas-liquid separation device (3) is connected with a collection tank (6), and the gas-liquid separation device (3) is also connected with a steam treatment device (4);
the gas-liquid separation device (3) comprises an outer shell (31), an inner shell (32) arranged inside the outer shell (31), a liquid drainage pipeline (34) fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the outer shell (31), an exhaust pipeline (35) fixedly arranged at the top end of the outer shell (31), a feeding pipeline (33) fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the outer shell (31), a flow shielding plate (37) arranged above the liquid drainage pipeline (34) and a liquid passing prevention mechanism (39) arranged above the flow shielding plate (37);
the inner shell (32) is a shell with a hollow interior and an opening at the bottom end, and the top end of the inner shell (32) is fixedly connected with the outer shell (31);
the exhaust pipeline (35) penetrates through the top wall of the outer shell (31) and extends into the inner shell (32), and the exhaust pipeline (35) and the inner shell (32) are arranged at intervals;
the feeding pipeline (33) penetrates through the side wall of the outer shell (31) and is fixedly connected with the inner shell (32), and the feeding pipeline (33) is communicated with the inside of the inner shell (32);
a guide plate (36) is arranged between the exhaust pipeline (35) and the inner shell (32), the guide plate (36) is spirally arranged, one end of the guide plate (36) is positioned below the joint of the feed pipeline (33) and the inner shell (32), the other end of the guide plate spirally extends downwards to the bottom end of the inner shell (32), and the side wall of the inner shell (32) is also provided with a plurality of separation holes (321);
the discharge hole of the evaporator (1) is connected with a feeding pipeline (33), a liquid discharge pipeline (34) is connected with a collecting tank (6), and an exhaust pipeline (35) is connected with a steam treatment device (4).
2. A nitric acid concentrating system using freon as a cold and hot carrier according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid passing prevention mechanism (39) comprises a guide rod (391) fixedly arranged at the top end of the flow shielding plate (37), a floating ball (392) sleeved on the guide rod (391) and connected with the guide rod in a sliding way, and a baffle plate (393) arranged on the floating ball (392);
the area of the baffle (393) is not less than the area of the bottom end opening of the air inlet pipeline.
3. A nitric acid concentrating system using freon as a cold and hot carrier according to claim 2, wherein: the top surface of baffle (393) is the spherical surface setting of upwards raising.
4. A nitric acid concentrating system using freon as a cold and hot carrier according to claim 2, wherein: the top surface of the flow shielding plate (37) is arranged in a spherical surface protruding upwards.
5. A nitric acid concentrating system using freon as a cold and hot carrier according to claim 2, wherein: the joint of the drainage pipeline (34) and the shell (31) is in a tapered arrangement with the diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the drainage pipeline (34) and the shell (31) are integrally formed.
6. A nitric acid concentration system using Freon as a cold and hot carrier according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the steam treatment device (4) comprises a condenser (41) and a neutralization tank (42);
the exhaust pipeline (35) is connected with a feed inlet of a condenser (41), and a discharge outlet of the condenser (41) is connected with a neutralization tank (42);
and a heat source outlet of the evaporator (1) is connected with a cold source inlet of the condenser (41), and a cold source outlet of the condenser (41) is connected with an inlet of the compressor.
7. A nitric acid concentration system using Freon as a cold and hot carrier according to claim 6, wherein: and a throttle valve (7) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the evaporator (1) and the condenser (41).
8. A nitric acid concentration system using Freon as a cold and hot carrier according to claim 6, wherein: the condenser (41) is also connected with a vacuum pump (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010503391.4A CN111470483A (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Utilize freon to concentrate system as cold and hot carrier's nitric acid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN110237553A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-17 | 上海环球制冷设备有限公司 | A kind of solution condensing device and its implementation |
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| GB1075163A (en) * | 1965-05-03 | 1967-07-12 | Apv Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to vapour liquid separators |
| JPH078703A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-01-13 | Takeshi Sakuma | Vacuum concentrating apparatus |
| JP2005034751A (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-02-10 | Tlv Co Ltd | Gas-liquid separator equipped with liquid discharge valve |
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Application publication date: 20200731 |