CN111478371A - Synchronous control device and method for large-scale battery energy storage system - Google Patents
Synchronous control device and method for large-scale battery energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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- H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The application provides a synchronization control device and method for a large-scale battery energy storage system, and the device comprises: the first information interaction network is connected with an energy storage converter subunit of the energy storage system; the at least two sub-control units are connected with the first information interaction network, and each sub-control unit coordinately controls the at least two energy storage current transformation sub-units through the first information interaction network; the second information interaction network is connected with the sub-control unit; and the central control unit is connected with the second information interaction network, acquires the running state of the energy storage converter subunit through the first information interaction network, the sub-control unit and the second information interaction network, and sends an active power instruction and a reactive power instruction which are included in the synchronous control instruction to the energy storage converter subunit. Coordinated control is performed through a layered control framework, and the capacity expansion of a large-scale energy storage and conversion system can be flexibly coped with; the energy storage converter subunit is indirectly controlled through the active power instruction and the reactive power instruction, and the complexity of synchronous control of the large-scale energy storage system is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of grid-connected operation of battery energy storage systems, in particular to a synchronous control device and method for a large-scale battery energy storage system.
Background
With the large-scale development of renewable energy sources, the randomness and intermittency of the renewable energy sources bring serious challenges to the operation and control of the power grid. The battery energy storage can obviously improve the consumption level of renewable energy sources such as wind, light and the like, and improve the flexibility, economy and safety of the traditional power system. In addition, the energy storage system can also run off the grid, and can serve as a main power supply when the power grid fails or in a region with little altitude, so that the power is supplied to local loads and new energy can be conveniently accessed.
When the battery energy storage system runs off the grid, the operating parameters of the battery energy storage system, such as voltage amplitude, phase and the like, are different from the operating parameters of the power grid. When the power grid is normal and the energy storage system needs to be operated in a grid-connected mode, the energy storage system must be synchronously controlled, and system faults caused by large switching-on impact current are avoided. Due to the limitation of single power of an energy storage converter (PCS) in the energy storage unit, the large-scale battery energy storage system is generally formed by connecting a plurality of PCS in parallel. And a plurality of PCS are controlled to operate in a coordinated manner at the same time, so that the difficulty is high, and the problem of system instability or synchronous failure is easy to occur.
The existing synchronization control method has the following problems: (1) the synchronous control is realized only aiming at the synchronous control of a single energy storage converter by adjusting the amplitude and the frequency of the off-grid voltage; due to the frequency change, the method has the risk of causing system instability in the application of a large-scale energy storage system; (2) the large-scale energy storage system is unreasonable in control structure, multiple in intermediate communication conversion links and obvious in delay phenomenon, so that the real-time performance of synchronous control is poor; (3) before and after synchronization grid connection, information interaction between a synchronization control device and an energy storage unit needs to be switched, and control logic is complex, for example: before grid-connected operation, active power instructions and reactive power instructions are interacted between the two, and voltage amplitude instructions and voltage frequency instructions are interacted during off-grid operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a synchronous control device and a control method for a large-scale battery energy storage system. The synchronous control device coordinately controls the plurality of energy storage converter subunits by adopting a layered architecture, and realizes smooth control of voltage frequency and voltage amplitude of the energy storage converter subunits through active power and reactive power by utilizing droop control characteristics of the energy storage converter, thereby realizing interactive sharing of information before and after synchronization and improving reliability of synchronous control.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a contemporaneous control device for a scaled battery energy storage system, comprising:
the first information interaction network is connected with the energy storage converter subunit of the energy storage system;
the at least two sub-control units are connected with the first information interaction network, and each sub-control unit coordinately controls the at least two energy storage current transformation sub-units through the first information interaction network;
the second information interaction network is connected with the sub-control unit;
and the central control unit is connected with the second information interaction network, acquires the running state of the energy storage converter subunit through the first information interaction network, the sub-control unit and the second information interaction network, and sends an active power instruction and a reactive power instruction which are included in the synchronous control instruction to the energy storage converter subunit.
According to some embodiments of the application, the central control unit acquires the synchronization instruction in an off-grid operation state, and acquires the operation parameters of the energy storage system through a secondary cable.
According to some embodiments of the application, the operational state comprises: the number of energy storage converter subunits which run normally, abnormally and normally.
According to some embodiments of the application, the operating parameters include: one or more of an energy storage system ac bus voltage, a grid voltage, a point of common connection switch position.
According to some embodiments of the application, the central control unit comprises:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the synchronization instruction, the running state and the running parameter;
the synchronous control module is used for carrying out synchronous logic control operation according to the running state and the running parameters to generate the synchronous control instruction;
and the instruction output module is used for outputting the synchronous control instruction.
Further, the active power instruction comprises a system active power instruction and a unit active power instruction; the reactive power instruction comprises a system reactive power instruction and a unit reactive power instruction.
According to some embodiments of the application, the contemporaneous logic control operation comprises:
calculating the system active power instruction value and the system reactive power instruction value according to the following formulas,
wherein, Pset_sysFor the system active power command value, Qset_sysIs a system reactive power command value, ugqIs a q-axis component, X, of the grid voltage under the AC bus voltage rotating coordinate system of the energy storage systemus、XugRespectively is the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system and the AC bus voltage of the power grid in the energy storage systemMagnitude of voltage vector in line voltage rotating coordinate system, Gu(s)、Gx(s) transfer functions for the active and reactive regulators, respectively;
calculating the unit active power instruction value and the unit reactive power instruction value of each energy storage converter subunit according to the following formula,
wherein i is the serial number of the energy storage current converting subunit, λ (i) is the running state parameter value of the energy storage current converting subunit i, and Pset(i) For the unit active power command value, Q, of the energy-storage converter subunit iset(i) The unit reactive power instruction value of the energy storage current transformation subunit i is obtained, j is the number of the energy storage current transformation subunits with normal operation state, j is an integer and is more than or equal to 2; srate(i) The rated capacity of the energy storage converter subunit i.
According to some embodiments of the application, the active regulator and the reactive regulator comprise: an integral regulator or a proportional integral regulator.
According to some embodiments of the application, the contemporaneous instruction comprises: a synchronization instruction sent by an external control system or a synchronization instruction in place.
According to some embodiments of the application, the contemporaneous control instruction further comprises:
an operation mode instruction is sent to the energy storage current transformation subunit; and/or
And a switch control command is sent to the public connection point switch.
The application also provides a synchronization control method for the large-scale battery energy storage system, which comprises the following steps:
in an off-grid operation state, the central control unit acquires a synchronization instruction, operation parameters of the energy storage system and an operation state of an energy storage converter subunit in the energy storage system;
after the synchronous instruction is set, the central control unit carries out synchronous logic control operation according to the operation parameters and the operation state to generate a synchronous control instruction;
and the central control unit issues the generated active power instruction and reactive power instruction to an energy storage current transforming subunit of the energy storage system through hierarchical interaction.
According to some embodiments of the application, the hierarchical interaction comprises:
the central control unit sends the active power instruction and the reactive power instruction to the sub-control units corresponding to the energy storage current transformation sub-units through a second information interaction network;
and the sub-control unit sends the active power instruction and the reactive power instruction to the energy storage current transformation sub-unit through a first information interaction network.
According to some embodiments of the application, the operating parameters include: one or more of an energy storage system ac bus voltage, a grid voltage, a point of common connection switch position.
According to some embodiments of the application, the operational state comprises: the number of energy storage converter subunits which run normally, abnormally and normally.
According to some embodiments of the application, the active power commands comprise a system active power command and a cell active power command; the reactive power instruction comprises a system reactive power instruction and a unit reactive power instruction.
According to some embodiments of the application, the contemporaneous logic control operation comprises:
calculating the system active power instruction value and the system reactive power instruction value according to the following formulas,
wherein, Pset_sysFor the system active power command value, Qset_sysIs a system reactive power command value, ugqRotating in an energy storage system ac bus voltage for grid voltageQ-axis component, X, in a coordinate systemus、XugThe voltage vector amplitude, G, of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system and the voltage of the power grid under the rotating coordinate system of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage systemu(s)、Gx(s) transfer functions for the active and reactive regulators, respectively;
calculating the unit active power instruction value and the unit reactive power instruction value of each energy storage converter subunit according to the following formula,
wherein i is the serial number of the energy storage current converting subunit, λ (i) is the running state parameter value of the energy storage current converting subunit i, and Pset(i) For the unit active power command value, Q, of the energy-storage converter subunit iset(i) The unit reactive power instruction value of the energy storage current transformation subunit i is obtained, j is the number of the energy storage current transformation subunits with normal operation state, j is an integer and is more than or equal to 2; srate(i) The rated capacity of the energy storage converter subunit i.
According to some embodiments of the application, the active regulator and the reactive regulator comprise: an integral regulator or a proportional integral regulator.
According to some embodiments of the application, the contemporaneous control method further comprises:
and performing synchronous completion state judgment on the acquired alternating-current bus voltage of the energy storage system and the acquired power grid voltage according to the following synchronous completion formula:
wherein u isgqIs a q-axis component, X, of the grid voltage under the AC bus voltage rotating coordinate system of the energy storage systemus、XugRespectively storing the AC bus voltage and the grid voltage of the energy storage system in energyVoltage vector magnitude, u, under a system ac bus voltage rotating coordinate systemq_sync、Xu_syncThe preset value for simultaneous completion is judged.
Further, the determining of the synchronization completion status includes:
and when the alternating-current bus voltage of the energy storage system and the power grid voltage meet the synchronization completion formula, judging that the energy storage system enters a synchronization completion first state.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the contemporaneous completion status determination further comprises:
after entering a first state of synchronous completion, after a period of time delay, when the alternating-current bus voltage and the grid voltage of the energy storage system meet a synchronous completion formula, the energy storage system is judged to enter a second state of synchronous completion.
According to some embodiments of the application, the contemporaneous control instruction further comprises: an operating mode command and/or a switch control command.
Further, the synchronization control method further includes:
and when the energy storage system enters a first state of synchronous completion or a second state of synchronous completion, the central control unit sends the switch control instruction to the switch of the public connection point.
According to some embodiments of the application, the contemporaneous control method further comprises:
and when the acquired position of the switch of the public connection point is closed, the operation mode instruction is sent to the energy storage current transformation subunit through the first information interaction network and the second information interaction network.
According to some embodiments of the application, the contemporaneous instruction comprises: a synchronization instruction sent by an external control system or a synchronization instruction in place.
The present application further provides an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; storage means for storing one or more programs; when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the contemporaneous control method as described above.
The present application also provides a computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to implement the above-described contemporaneous control method.
According to the synchronous control device and the control method for the large-scale battery energy storage system, the layered architecture is adopted to coordinately control the plurality of energy storage converter sub-units, and the capacity expansion of the energy storage system can be flexibly coped with. The droop control characteristic of the energy storage converter in the energy storage converter subunit is utilized, the energy storage converter subunit is indirectly controlled by outputting the active power instruction and the reactive power instruction, the switching of control instructions under different working conditions of off-grid and grid-connection is avoided, and the control complexity of a large-scale energy storage system is reduced.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a scaled battery energy storage system according to an example embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic composition diagram of a contemporaneous control device according to an example embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of a central control unit according to an example embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 shows a central control unit data processing diagram according to an example embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 shows a flowchart of a contemporaneous control method according to an example embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a contemporaneous control logic operation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of a contemporaneous control process according to an example embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 illustrates a composition diagram of a contemporaneous control electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals denote the same or similar parts in the drawings, and thus, a repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the application. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the subject matter of the present application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, and so forth. In other instances, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the application.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Thus, a first component discussed below may be termed a second component without departing from the teachings of the present concepts. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are merely schematic representations of exemplary embodiments, which may not be to scale. The blocks or flows in the drawings are not necessarily required to practice the present application and therefore should not be used to limit the scope of the present application.
The invention provides a synchronous control device and a control method for a large-scale battery energy storage system, which are used for solving the problems that the delay problem is caused by unreasonable synchronous control framework of the existing large-scale battery energy storage system, the information interaction between the existing synchronous control device and an energy storage converter subunit needs to be switched before and after the synchronization, and the like. Active power and reactive power commands controlled in the same period are generated, and the droop control characteristic of the energy storage converter is utilized to indirectly control the voltage amplitude, the frequency and the phase of the energy storage system, so that the switching of control commands under different working conditions of off-grid and grid-connection is avoided, and the control complexity of a large-scale energy storage system is reduced.
The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a scaled battery energy storage system according to an example embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a scaled battery energy storage system 1000 includes a monitoring system 100, a synchronization control device 200, and an energy storage converter unit 300. The monitoring system 100 is connected to the synchronization control device 200 and the energy storage converter unit 300 through a monitoring communication network, and is configured to transmit a synchronization instruction to the synchronization control device 200 and monitor an operating state of the energy storage converter unit 300. The synchronization control device 200 is connected to the variable current unit 300 through a control communication network, and is configured to transmit a synchronization control command. In a large-scale battery energy storage system, the energy storage converter unit 300 is composed of more than two energy storage converter subunits 310. Each energy storage converter subunit 310 comprises an energy storage converter 311 and an energy storage battery 312.
The energy storage system 1000 is connected to the grid through a step-up transformer and a point of common connection switch 400. The point of common connection switch 400 is open and the energy storage system 1000 is off-grid. The point of common connection switch 400 is closed and the energy storage system 1000 is in a grid-connected state. The synchronous control device 200 is connected to the main power circuit via a secondary cable (not shown) and collects the ac bus voltage, the grid voltage, and the switch position information of the point of common connection of the energy storage system.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic composition diagram of a contemporaneous control device according to an example embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 2, according to some embodiments of the present application, a synchronous control device 200 for scaling a battery energy storage system includes a central control unit 210, a second information interaction network 220, at least two sub-control units 230, and a first information interaction network 240.
The first information interaction network 240 is connected with the energy storage converter subunit 310 of the energy storage system;
the sub-control units 230 are connected to the first information interaction network 240, and each sub-control unit 230 coordinately controls at least two energy storage variable flow sub-units 310 through the first information interaction network 240;
a second information interaction network 220 connected to the sub-control unit 230;
the central control unit 210 is connected to the second information interaction network 220, and acquires the operating state of the energy storage converter subunit 310 through the first information interaction network 240, the sub-control unit 230, and the second information interaction network 220, and sends a synchronous control command including an active power command and a reactive power command to the energy storage converter subunit 310.
The central control unit 210 obtains a synchronization instruction, an operating parameter of the energy storage system, and an operating state of an energy storage converter subunit in the energy storage system in an off-grid operating state, and generates a synchronization control instruction according to the synchronization instruction, the operating parameter, and the operating state.
The sub-control unit 230 is connected to the central control unit 210 through the second information interaction network 220, receives the synchronous control instruction issued by the central control unit 210, and uploads the acquired running state to the central control unit 210. In addition, each sub-control unit 230 is connected to at least two energy storage converter sub-units 310 of the energy storage system through a first information interaction network 240, obtains the operating state, and issues the received contemporaneous control command to the energy storage converter sub-units 310. In the contemporaneous control device 200 shown in FIG. 2, the number of sub-control units 230 is M, where M ≧ 2. According to the processing capability of the current hardware of the central control unit, M is less than or equal to 128, but the application is not limited to the method. Specifically, the number of each sub-control unit may be represented as 230-1, 230-M, 230-M, etc., where M > M > 1. Each sub-control unit 230 corresponds to one energy storage current transformation unit 300, that is, the number of the energy storage current transformation units 300 is the same as that of the sub-control units 230. Similarly, the number of each energy storage converter unit 300 may be denoted as 300-1, 300-M, etc. Each energy storage current transformation unit 300 comprises p energy storage current transformation subunits 310, that is, the number of the energy storage current transformation subunits 310 controlled by each sub-control unit 230 is p, and p is greater than or equal to 2. Similarly, p ≦ 128 depending on the processing power of the present sub-control unit hardware, but the application is not so limited. Then the number of each energy storage current subunit 310 may be denoted as 310-1-1, 310-1-p, 310-M-1, 310-M-p, etc.
Specifically, during the operation of the synchronization control device 200, the central control unit 210 receives a synchronization command from an external control system, and may also receive a synchronization command in situ (for example, the synchronization command is input on an interactive interface of the synchronization control device). And after detecting that the synchronization instruction is set, the synchronization control device enters synchronization control.
The central control unit 210 and the sub-control unit 230 form a second information interaction network 220; the sub-control unit 230 and the energy storage variable flow sub-unit 310 form a first information interaction network 240. In the synchronous control process, the central control unit 210 collects the operating parameters of the energy storage system, including one or more of the information of the ac bus voltage of the energy storage system, the grid voltage, the switch position of the point of common connection, and the like. And the disconnection and the connection of the public connection point switch control the off-grid and the grid connection.
The central control unit 210 sends the synchronization control command information to the sub-control unit 230 through the second information interaction network 220, and receives the operating state of the energy storage variable flow sub-unit 310 uploaded by the sub-control unit 230 through the second information interaction network 220.
The sub-control unit 230 receives the synchronous control command information sent by the central control unit 210 through the second information interaction network 220, and sends the operating state of the energy storage variable flow sub-unit 310 to the central control unit 210 through the second information interaction network 220. In addition, the sub-control unit 230 further obtains the operating state of the energy storage variable flow sub-unit 310 through the first information interaction network 240, and issues the synchronization control command information to the energy storage variable flow sub-unit 310 through the first information interaction network 240. Wherein the contemporaneous control instruction comprises: one or more of a system active power instruction, a system reactive power instruction, a unit active power instruction, a unit reactive power instruction, an operation mode instruction, and a switch control instruction.
Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of a central control unit according to an example embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 shows a central control unit data processing diagram according to an example embodiment of the present application.
According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the central control unit 210 includes an information acquisition module 211, a contemporaneous control module 212, and an instruction output module 213.
As shown in fig. 4, the information collecting module 211 is configured to obtain the synchronization instruction, the operation state, and the operation parameter. Specifically, when an external power grid fails and the energy storage system runs off-grid, the information acquisition module 211 acquires the ac bus voltage and the power grid voltage information of the energy storage system, and receives the running states of the energy storage converter subunits uploaded by the sub-control unit 230, and acquires the running states of the energy storage converter subunits in real time. The running state comprises the total number of the energy storage converter subunits which run on line by each energy storage converter unit. When the external power grid is restored to normal and the energy storage system is required to be operated in a grid-connected mode, a synchronization instruction can be sent to the central control unit through remote or local control, and the information acquisition unit 211 receives the synchronization instruction. Meanwhile, the information collecting module 211 collects the position information of the switch at the common connection point, and is used for judging the actual state of the switch.
And a synchronization control module 212, configured to perform a synchronization logic control operation (described in detail below) according to the operation state and the operation parameter, and generate the synchronization control instruction. The contemporaneous control module 212 sends the generated contemporaneous control command to the command output module 213. The synchronization control module 212 is also configured to determine a synchronization completion status. Namely, when the system is judged to have finished the synchronization process, the grid-connected operation is waited.
And the instruction output unit module is used for outputting the synchronous control instruction. For example, after receiving the synchronization control instruction sent by the synchronization control unit 212, the instruction output module 213 sends a unit active power instruction, a unit reactive power instruction, and an operation mode instruction of the energy storage converter subunit to the sub-control units through the second information interaction network. And after the judgment synchronization is completed, sending the switch control instruction to a common connection point switch, controlling the switch to be closed, and enabling the energy storage system to enter grid-connected operation.
Fig. 5 shows a flowchart of a contemporaneous control method according to an example embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a contemporaneous control logic operation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a synchronization control method for a large-scale battery energy storage system, which is applied to the synchronization control device. As shown in fig. 5, the synchronization control method includes:
in step S510, in the off-grid operating state, the central control unit obtains a synchronization instruction, an operating parameter of the energy storage system, and an operating state of an energy storage converter subunit in the energy storage system.
And when the energy storage system is in an off-grid operation state, the central control unit receives a synchronization instruction or a local synchronization instruction sent by an external system. Information acquisition module of central control unit acquires three-phase voltage u of alternating current bus of energy storage systemsa、usb、uscThree-phase voltage u of power gridga、ugb、ugcAnd the common connection point switch position, etc. In addition, the central control unit acquires the running states of all the energy storage variable flow subunits through the first information interaction network and the second information interaction network, wherein the running states include normal running, abnormal running and the number of the energy storage variable flow subunits which run normally.
In step S520, after the synchronization command is set, the central control unit performs synchronization logic control operation according to the operation parameter and the operation state, and generates a synchronization control command including an active power command and a reactive power command.
And when the information acquisition module of the central control unit detects that the synchronization instruction is not set, the off-network operation state is continued. If the setting of the synchronization instruction is detected, the system enters a synchronization process. And after entering a synchronization process, a synchronization control module of the central control unit carries out synchronization logic control operation on the operation parameters and the operation states to generate a synchronization control instruction. The synchronous control instruction comprises one or more of a system active power instruction, a system reactive power instruction, a unit active power instruction, a system reactive power instruction, an operation mode instruction and a switch control instruction.
As shown in fig. 6, the specific process of the contemporaneous logic control operation is as follows:
the synchronous control module of the central control unit collects three-phase voltage u of the alternating current bus of the energy storage systemsa、usb、uscThree-phase voltage u of power gridga、ugb、ugcCalculating the voltage phase angle theta of the energy storage system through the phase-locked loop P LLs. And then, carrying out coordinate transformation on the alternating-current bus voltage of the energy storage system and the power grid voltage according to the following formula, and obtaining components under a synchronous coordinate system by taking the alternating-current bus voltage phase of the energy storage system as a reference:
then, the amplitude X of the voltage vector is calculated according to the voltage componentuThe expression is:
according to the formula, the q-axis component u of the grid voltage under the alternating current bus voltage rotating coordinate system of the energy storage system can be respectively calculatedgqAnd the voltage vector amplitude X of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system and the voltage vector amplitude X of the power grid voltage under the rotating coordinate system of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system are respectivelyus、Xug。
ugqThe reactive power instruction value Q required by the synchronous control of the energy storage system is obtained through the adjustment of a PI controller with an amplitude limiting functionset_sys。XusAnd XugThe difference value of the two-phase voltage is regulated by a PI controller with an amplitude limiting function to obtain a storageActive power instruction value P required by synchronous control of energy systemset_sys. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, Pset_sysFor the system active power command value, Qset_sysIs a system reactive power command value, ugqIs a q-axis component, X, of the grid voltage under the AC bus voltage rotating coordinate system of the energy storage systemus、XugThe voltage vector amplitude, G, of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system and the voltage of the power grid under the rotating coordinate system of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage systemu(s)、GxAnd(s) are transfer functions of an active regulator and a reactive regulator respectively, and can be integral regulators or proportional-integral regulators. The PI controller limits to
Wherein j is the total number of the energy storage current transformation subunits with normal operation state, j is an integer and is more than or equal to 2; srate(i) The rated capacity of the energy storage converter subunit i.
In the operation process of the energy storage system, the unit active power instruction value and the unit reactive power instruction value of each energy storage converter subunit and the system active power instruction value and the system reactive power instruction value satisfy the following relations:
wherein, Pset_sysFor the system active power command value, Qset_sysIs a system reactive power command value, Pset(i) For the unit active power command value, Q, of the energy-storage converter subunit iset(i) And the unit reactive power instruction value of the energy storage current transformation subunit i is obtained.
After the active power instruction value and the reactive power instruction value of the system are obtained, the unit active power instruction value and the unit reactive power instruction value of each energy storage converter subunit are calculated according to the following formulas:
wherein i is the serial number of the energy storage converter subunit, λ (i) is the running state parameter value of the energy storage converter subunit i, and Pset(i) For the unit active power command value, Q, of the energy-storage converter subunit iset(i) The unit reactive power instruction value of the energy storage current transformation subunit i is obtained, j is the number of the energy storage current transformation subunits with normal operation state, j is an integer and is more than or equal to 2; srate(i) The rated capacity of the energy storage converter subunit i.
In step S530, the central control unit sends the generated active power command and the generated reactive power command to the energy storage converter subunit of the energy storage system through hierarchical interaction. The central control unit generates an active power instruction and a reactive power instruction which comprise a unit active power instruction and a unit reactive power instruction. And after the synchronous control instruction is generated, the central control unit sends the unit active power instruction and the unit reactive power instruction to the sub-control units through a second information interaction network. And the sub-control unit sends the unit active power instruction and the unit reactive power instruction to each corresponding energy storage and current transformation sub-unit through the first information interaction network.
The energy storage current transformation subunit receives the synchronous control instruction and generates a voltage amplitude instruction and a real-time frequency instruction of the energy storage current transformation subunit according to the following formula according to the droop control characteristic:
wherein f isref(i)、Uref(i) Respectively a real-time frequency instruction and a voltage amplitude instruction, f, of the off-grid operation of an energy storage current transformation subunit ig、UgRated frequency and amplitude of network voltageValue, Po(i)、Qo(i) I represents the serial number of the energy storage converter subunit, i is an integer, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, n represents the number of the energy storage converter subunits, n is an integer, n is more than or equal to 4, n is less than or equal to 128 × 128 according to the processing capacity of the hardware of the current central control unit and the current subunit, but the application is not limited to this.
In the synchronous control method provided by the application, the energy storage converter subunit is indirectly controlled by outputting the active power instruction and the reactive power instruction, rather than directly controlled by outputting the voltage amplitude and the frequency amplitude. Through indirect control of the active power instruction and the reactive power instruction, switching of control instructions between the coordination control system and the energy storage converter equipment under different working conditions of off-grid operation and grid-connected operation of the energy storage system can be avoided, sharing of the control instructions is achieved, and accordingly complexity of synchronous control of the large-scale energy storage system is reduced.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the synchronization control method further includes performing synchronization completion state judgment on the acquired ac bus voltage of the energy storage system and the acquired grid voltage according to the following synchronization completion formula:
wherein u isgqIs a q-axis component, X, of the grid voltage under the AC bus voltage rotating coordinate system of the energy storage systemus、XugThe voltage vector amplitude u of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system and the voltage vector amplitude u of the power grid voltage under the rotating coordinate system of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system are respectivelyq_sync、Xu_syncThe preset value for simultaneous completion is judged.
And when the alternating-current bus voltage of the energy storage system and the power grid voltage meet the synchronous completion formula, judging that the energy storage system enters a synchronous completion first state. According to some embodiments of the present application, after the system enters the first state of the synchronous completion, the grid-connection command can be executed.
According to other embodiments of the application, after the energy storage system enters the synchronization completion first state, after a period of time delay, when the alternating-current bus voltage and the grid voltage of the energy storage system meet the synchronization completion formula, it is determined that the energy storage system enters the synchronization completion second state. At this time, the system enters a synchronization completion second state, and then the system is considered to stably complete synchronization, and a grid-connected instruction can be executed.
And when the energy storage system enters a first state of completing the synchronization or a second state of completing the synchronization, the central control unit sends the switch control instruction to the public connection point switch, the public connection point switch is closed, and the energy storage system enters a grid-connected operation state.
FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of a contemporaneous control process according to an example embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 7, the process of performing synchronization control by using the synchronization control apparatus or the synchronization control method provided by the present application is as follows:
in S610, the energy storage system runs off the network, receives the synchronization instruction in real time, and judges whether the synchronization instruction is set. And when the synchronous instruction is not set, the energy storage system continues to operate off the grid. And when the synchronization instruction is set, entering a synchronization process.
In S620, the synchronization instruction is set, and after entering the synchronization process, the synchronization control instruction is calculated and executed, and the synchronization completion state is determined according to the collected ac bus voltage and the collected grid voltage of the energy storage system. The calculation and execution processes are respectively as follows:
at S621, the central control unit calculates a system active power instruction P required by system grid connection according to the obtained alternating current bus voltage and the obtained power grid voltage of the energy storage systemset_sysSystem reactive power command Qset_sysAnd distributing the power to each energy storage converter subunit to obtain a unit active power instruction P of each energy storage converter subunitset(i) Sum unit reactive power command Qset(i)。
At S622, the energy storage converter subunits execute respective unit active power commands Pset(i) Sum unit reactive power command Qset(i) In that respect During the execution process, according to the droop control characteristics, the unit active power instruction P can be obtainedset(i) And unitReactive power command Qset(i) A voltage amplitude command and a real-time frequency command are obtained. And each energy storage current transformation subunit operates according to the respective voltage amplitude instruction and the real-time frequency instruction.
At S630, after determining that the synchronization is completed, the central control unit sends a switch control command to close the common node switch. Meanwhile, the position information of the switch of the public connection point is collected in real time. If the public connection point switch is not in the collected public connection point switch position information, the synchronization process S620 is continuously executed, so that the system meets the synchronization condition again.
At S640, after detecting that the common node switch is in the on position, the energy storage system enters a grid-connected operation state. At the moment, the central control unit sends a grid-connected operation mode instruction to each energy storage converter subunit through the first information interaction network and the second information interaction network, and the energy storage converter subunits are converted into PQ grid-connected operation. And at this moment, the energy storage system completes synchronization grid connection.
FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a contemporaneous control electronics device in accordance with an example embodiment of the present application.
The present application further provides a contemporaneous control electronics 700 for a scaled battery energy storage system. The control device 700 shown in fig. 8 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiments of the present application.
As shown in fig. 8, the control device 700 is in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of the control device 700 may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 710, at least one memory unit 720, a bus 730 that couples various system components including the memory unit 720 and the processing unit 710, and the like.
The storage unit 720 stores program codes, which can be executed by the processing unit 710 to cause the processing unit 710 to execute the methods according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application described in the present specification.
The storage unit 720 may include readable media in the form of volatile memory units, such as a random access memory unit (RAM)7201 and/or a cache memory unit 7202, and may further include a read only memory unit (ROM) 7203.
The storage unit 720 may also include a program/utility 7204 having a set (at least one) of program modules 7205, such program modules 7205 including, but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which, or some combination thereof, may comprise an implementation of a network environment.
Furthermore, the present application also provides a computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the above-described contemporaneous control method.
According to the synchronous control device and the control method for the scaled battery energy storage system, the control framework can flexibly cope with the expansion of the energy storage system, and the group regulation and group control of a plurality of energy storage converter subunits can be performed. Active power instructions and reactive power instruction control information are shared between the coordination control system and the energy storage converter subunits under different working conditions of off-grid operation and grid-connected operation of the energy storage system, so that the control complexity of the large-scale energy storage system is reduced. In addition, according to the droop control characteristic, the amplitude, the frequency and the phase of the off-grid voltage are indirectly controlled through active power and reactive power, a closed-loop regulator is adopted, the voltage amplitude, the frequency and the phase are quickly and accurately regulated, and the synchronous reliability is improved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present application and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (26)
1. A contemporaneous control device for a scaled battery energy storage system, comprising:
the first information interaction network is connected with the energy storage converter subunit of the energy storage system;
the at least two sub-control units are connected with the first information interaction network, and each sub-control unit coordinately controls the at least two energy storage current transformation sub-units through the first information interaction network;
the second information interaction network is connected with the sub-control unit;
and the central control unit is connected with the second information interaction network, acquires the running state of the energy storage converter subunit through the first information interaction network, the sub-control unit and the second information interaction network, and sends an active power instruction and a reactive power instruction which are included in the synchronous control instruction to the energy storage converter subunit.
2. The contemporaneous control device according to claim 1, wherein the central control unit acquires a contemporaneous instruction in an off-grid operating state, and acquires operating parameters of the energy storage system through a secondary cable.
3. The contemporaneous control device of claim 2, wherein the operating state includes:
the number of energy storage converter subunits which run normally, abnormally and normally.
4. The contemporaneous control device of claim 3, wherein the operating parameters include:
one or more of an energy storage system ac bus voltage, a grid voltage, a point of common connection switch position.
5. The contemporaneous control device of claim 4, wherein the central control unit comprises:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the synchronization instruction, the running state and the running parameter;
the synchronous control module is used for carrying out synchronous logic control operation according to the running state and the running parameters to generate the synchronous control instruction;
and the instruction output module is used for outputting the synchronous control instruction.
6. The contemporaneous control device of claim 5,
the active power instruction comprises a system active power instruction and a unit active power instruction;
the reactive power instruction comprises a system reactive power instruction and a unit reactive power instruction.
7. The contemporaneous control device of claim 6, wherein the contemporaneous logic control operations comprise:
calculating the system active power instruction value and the system reactive power instruction value according to the following formulas,
wherein, Pset_sysFor the system active power command value, Qset_sysIs a system reactive power command value, ugqIs a q-axis component, X, of the grid voltage under the AC bus voltage rotating coordinate system of the energy storage systemus、XugThe voltage vector amplitude, G, of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system and the voltage of the power grid under the rotating coordinate system of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage systemu(s)、Gx(s) transfer functions for the active and reactive regulators, respectively;
calculating the unit active power instruction value and the unit reactive power instruction value of each energy storage converter subunit according to the following formula,
wherein i is the serial number of the energy storage current converting subunit, λ (i) is the running state parameter value of the energy storage current converting subunit i, and Pset(i) For the unit active power command value, Q, of the energy-storage converter subunit iset(i) The unit reactive power instruction value of the energy storage current transformation subunit i is obtained, j is the number of the energy storage current transformation subunits with normal operation state, j is an integer and is more than or equal to 2; srate(i) The rated capacity of the energy storage converter subunit i.
8. The contemporaneous control device of claim 7, wherein the active regulator and reactive regulator comprise:
an integral regulator or a proportional integral regulator.
9. The synchronization control apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the synchronization instruction includes:
a synchronization instruction sent by an external control system or a synchronization instruction in place.
10. The synchronization control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the synchronization control instruction further comprises:
an operation mode instruction is sent to the energy storage current transformation subunit; and/or
And a switch control command is sent to the public connection point switch.
11. A synchronization control method for a large-scale battery energy storage system is applied to the synchronization control device and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
under the off-grid operation state, the central control unit acquires a synchronization instruction, the operation parameters of the energy storage system and the operation state of an energy storage converter unit in the energy storage system in real time;
after the synchronous instruction is set, the central control unit carries out synchronous logic control operation according to the operation parameters and the operation state to generate a synchronous control instruction comprising an active power instruction and a reactive power instruction;
and the central control unit transmits the generated active power instruction and reactive power instruction to the energy storage converter subunit through hierarchical interaction.
12. The contemporaneous control method of claim 11, wherein the layered interaction comprises:
the central control unit sends the active power instruction and the reactive power to the sub-control units corresponding to the energy storage converter sub-units through a second information interaction network;
and the sub-control unit sends the active power instruction and the reactive power instruction to the energy storage current transformation sub-unit through a first information interaction network.
13. The contemporaneous control method of claim 11, wherein the operating parameters include:
one or more of an energy storage system ac bus voltage, a grid voltage, a point of common connection switch position.
14. The contemporaneous control method of claim 13, wherein the operational state includes:
the number of energy storage converter subunits which run normally, abnormally and normally.
15. The contemporaneous control method of claim 14,
the active power instruction comprises a system active power instruction and a unit active power instruction;
the reactive power instruction comprises a system reactive power instruction and a unit reactive power instruction.
16. The contemporaneous control method of claim 15, wherein the contemporaneous logic control operations comprise:
calculating a system active power instruction and a system reactive power instruction according to the following formulas,
wherein, Pset_sysFor the system active power command value, Qset_sysIs a system reactive power command value, ugqIs a q-axis component, X, of the grid voltage under the AC bus voltage rotating coordinate system of the energy storage systemus、XugThe voltage vector amplitude, G, of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system and the voltage of the power grid under the rotating coordinate system of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage systemu(s)、Gx(s) transfer functions for the active and reactive regulators, respectively;
calculating the unit active power instruction value and the unit reactive power instruction value of each energy storage converter subunit according to the following formula,
wherein i is the serial number of the energy storage current converting subunit, λ (i) is the running state parameter value of the energy storage current converting subunit i, and Pset(i) For the unit active power command value, Q, of the energy-storage converter subunit iset(i) The unit reactive power instruction value of the energy storage current transformation subunit i is obtained, j is the number of the energy storage current transformation subunits with normal operation state, j is an integer and is more than or equal to 2; srate(i) The rated capacity of the energy storage converter subunit i.
17. The contemporaneous control method of claim 16, wherein the active regulator and reactive regulator comprise:
an integral regulator or a proportional integral regulator.
18. The contemporaneous control method of claim 13, further comprising:
and performing synchronous completion state judgment on the acquired alternating-current bus voltage of the energy storage system and the acquired power grid voltage according to the following synchronous completion formula:
wherein u isgqIs a q-axis component, X, of the grid voltage under the AC bus voltage rotating coordinate system of the energy storage systemus、XugThe voltage vector amplitude u of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system and the voltage vector amplitude u of the power grid voltage under the rotating coordinate system of the AC bus voltage of the energy storage system are respectivelyq_sync、Xu_syncThe preset value for simultaneous completion is judged.
19. The contemporaneous control method according to claim 18, wherein the contemporaneous completion status determination includes:
and when the alternating-current bus voltage of the energy storage system and the power grid voltage meet the synchronization completion formula, judging that the energy storage system enters a synchronization completion first state.
20. The contemporaneous control method of claim 19, wherein the contemporaneous completion status determination further comprises:
after entering a first state of synchronous completion, after a period of time delay, when the alternating-current bus voltage and the grid voltage of the energy storage system meet a synchronous completion formula, the energy storage system is judged to enter a second state of synchronous completion.
21. The contemporaneous control method of claim 20, wherein the contemporaneous control instruction further comprises:
an operating mode command and/or a switch control command.
22. The contemporaneous control method of claim 21, further comprising:
and when the energy storage system enters a first state of synchronous completion or a second state of synchronous completion, the central control unit sends the switch control instruction to the switch of the public connection point.
23. The contemporaneous control method of claim 22, further comprising:
and when the acquired position of the switch of the public connection point is closed, the central control unit sends the operation mode instruction to the energy storage current transformation subunit through the first information interaction network, the sub-control unit and the second information interaction network.
24. The contemporaneous control method of claim 11, wherein the contemporaneous instruction comprises:
a synchronization instruction sent by an external control system or a synchronization instruction in place.
25. An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors;
storage means for storing one or more programs;
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement a contemporaneous control method as in any of claims 11-24.
26. A computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the contemporaneous control method according to any one of claims 11-24.
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