CN111441866B - System for reducing NOx emission of synthesis gas turbine - Google Patents
System for reducing NOx emission of synthesis gas turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111441866B CN111441866B CN202010259836.9A CN202010259836A CN111441866B CN 111441866 B CN111441866 B CN 111441866B CN 202010259836 A CN202010259836 A CN 202010259836A CN 111441866 B CN111441866 B CN 111441866B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas turbine
- gas
- air
- compressor
- turbine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 45
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/30—Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/26—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension
- F02C3/28—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system for reducing NOx emission of a synthetic gas turbine, wherein an air separation unit is communicated with an air inlet pipeline of a gas turbine compressor through a pipeline after passing through a heating humidifier, nitrogen after heating and humidifying is introduced into the air inlet pipeline of the gas turbine compressor in a low-pressure state (close to normal pressure) and is mixed with inlet air in the air inlet pipeline in a proper proportion, carbon dioxide generated by a coal gas decarburization unit can be further introduced into the air inlet pipeline of the gas turbine compressor in a low-pressure state (close to normal pressure) through the pipeline after passing through the heating humidifier and is mixed with the air in the air inlet pipeline, mixed gas is sent into the gas turbine compressor, and the oxygen concentration of the air entering the gas turbine compressor is reduced, so that the oxygen concentration of the air entering a combustion chamber of the gas turbine is reduced, and the aim of reducing the NOx emission of the synthetic gas turbine is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines, in particular to a system for reducing NOx emission of a synthetic gas turbine.
Background
The gas turbine is a new generation power device utilizing clean energy, can efficiently and cleanly convert gas fuels such as natural gas, hydrogen, synthetic gas, purge gas and the like or liquid fuels such as fuel oil and the like into electric power, and is a large-scale heat power conversion device with the highest efficiency at present.
When the gas turbine is used for burning the synthetic gas fuel rich in hydrogen (the fuel comprises gasification fuel gas of carbon-containing fuel such as coal, biomass and the like, purge gas in the chemical synthesis process, coke oven gas and the like, and the main combustible components comprise CO and H2) In order to prevent backfire, the traditional premixed low NOx combustion technology is difficult to adopt, and currently, a diffusion combustion mode is mainly adopted. The diffusion combustion mode has high adiabatic flame temperature, which causes high NOx emission of the gas turbine, and in order to reduce the NOx emission of the gas turbine, fuel is generally adoptedDilution or injection of a diluent, typically steam or nitrogen, into the combustion chamber. For example, in the American Tampa IGCC power station, when the gas turbine is used for burning coal to prepare synthesis gas, the method of compressing nitrogen produced by high-pressure deep cooling air by a compressor and then completely injecting the compressed nitrogen into a combustion chamber of the gas turbine is adopted to reduce the emission of NOx; the United states Wabash River IGCC power station adopts a method of injecting water vapor into a gas turbine to reduce NOx emission; the Dutch Buggenium IGCC power station reduces the emission of NOx by adopting a method of further compressing nitrogen produced by high-pressure cryogenic air and injecting fuel; the method that the fuel is humidified by hot water, the nitrogen produced by high-pressure air is further compressed and then injected into the fuel in the Spanish Puertollano IGCC power station reduces the NOx emission. The Tianjin 250MW IGCC power station in Huaneng in China adopts a method of injecting steam into fuel to reduce the emission of NOx. The Fujian refining synthesis gas combustion engine in China reduces the NOx emission by adopting a method of diluting fuel after compressing nitrogen of low-pressure air separation.
The methods of fuel dilution or diluent injection into the combustion chamber have significant effects on reducing NOx emissions, but their disadvantages are also significant. First, in order to inject a diluent (nitrogen or steam) into the fuel (syngas) or combustion chamber of a gas turbine, the diluent is required to have a higher pressure. Such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, require the addition of a compressor and the high-grade heat required to produce high-pressure steam in order to consume large amounts of compression work, such as steam, which reduces the overall efficiency of the system and consumes large amounts of high-quality demineralized water.
Another disadvantage of fuel dilution or injection of large amounts of diluent directly into the combustion chamber is the through-flow difficulties that result in the gas turbine. At present, most of gas turbines burning synthetic gas are reformed based on a gas turbine taking natural gas or oil as fuel, and after the gas turbines burn low-heat-value fuel gas, the heat value of the fuel is very low due to the dilution of the synthetic gas, and is generally only 4-5MJ/Nm3And even lower, the fuel flow rate and thus the gas flow rate into the gas turbine is significantly increased. On one hand, the back pressure of the gas compressor of the gas turbine can be obviously increased, so that the working point of the gas compressor approaches to or even exceeds a surge line, and the gas compressor can stall;on the other hand, the output power of the combustion engine is obviously increased, and the shafting strength is not enough. The problem mentioned above is the through-flow problem of medium and low calorific value syngas gas turbines. In order to solve the through-flow problem, gas turbine manufacturers adopt various methods, such as the reduction of the flow rate of the gas compressor by the top cutting of the blades of the gas compressor, the reduction of the temperature of the outlet of a combustion chamber, the air extraction and air separation of the outlet of the gas compressor, the formation of integrated air separation and the like. In addition to the technical difficulties to be solved, these methods either increase the investment significantly, reduce the efficiency significantly, or increase the complexity of the system operation control significantly.
One of the key issues in syngas gas turbines is how to reduce the NOx emissions of the syngas gas turbine at a small cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a system for reducing NOx emission of a syngas gas turbine from the perspective of system integration, wherein nitrogen generated by an air separation unit and/or carbon dioxide separated during decarbonization of syngas are heated and humidified, and then mixed with air sucked by a gas compressor at an inlet of the gas turbine compressor, and then fed into the gas turbine compressor, so as to reduce the oxygen concentration of the air entering the gas turbine compressor, thereby reducing the oxygen concentration of the air entering a combustion chamber of the gas turbine, further changing the adiabatic flame temperature of combustion, achieving the purpose of reducing NOx emission of the gas turbine, and not significantly affecting the through flow of the syngas gas turbine.
The technical solution adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:
a system for reducing NOx emission of a synthesis gas turbine, which at least comprises an air separation unit, a gas turbine and a heating humidifier, wherein the gas turbine adopts synthesis gas fuel and at least comprises a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine, an air inlet pipeline of the compressor is communicated with the atmosphere, an exhaust pipeline of the compressor is communicated with the combustion chamber, high-pressure gas generated by the compressor and the synthesis gas fuel are mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber to generate high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas is introduced into and drives the turbine,
and nitrogen generated by the air separation unit passes through the heating humidifier through a pipeline and is communicated with an air inlet pipeline of the air compressor so as to be introduced into the air inlet pipeline of the air compressor in a low-pressure state (close to normal pressure) after being heated and humidified, and inlet air of the air compressor and the low-pressure nitrogen after being heated and humidified are mixed in the air inlet pipeline of the air compressor and then are introduced into the air compressor.
Preferably, the air separation unit is a low pressure air separation plant.
Preferably, the system further comprises a coal gas decarbonization unit, carbon dioxide generated by the coal gas decarbonization unit passes through the heating humidifier through a pipeline and then is introduced into the air inlet pipeline of the compressor, and after the carbon dioxide and nitrogen are mixed in the heating humidifier and heated and humidified, the carbon dioxide and the nitrogen are further mixed with air in the air inlet pipeline of the compressor in a low-pressure state (close to normal pressure).
Preferably, a waste heat utilization device is arranged at the downstream of the turbine, the flue gas discharged by the turbine is introduced into the waste heat utilization device, a water preheater is arranged at the tail part of the waste heat utilization device, and hot water generated by the water preheater is introduced into the heating humidifier and heats and humidifies nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide in the heating humidifier. Namely, the water introduced into the water preheater is heated by the low-grade heat at the tail part of the waste heat utilization device.
Further, the waste heat utilization device is preferably a waste heat boiler, the water preheater is preferably arranged at the tail of the waste heat boiler, water introduced into the water preheater is heated by heat of flue gas at the tail of the waste heat boiler, and hot water generated by the water preheater is introduced into the heating humidifier.
Furthermore, the waste heat boiler is also provided with a steam turbine in a matching way, and high-temperature steam generated by the waste heat boiler is introduced into and drives the steam turbine to do work.
Further, the hot water introduced into the heating humidifier heats and humidifies the nitrogen and/or the carbon dioxide in the heating humidifier in a direct contact mode or a non-contact mode.
Further, hot water generated by the water preheater is introduced into the heating humidifier in a manner of adjusting the temperature and the flow rate. The inlet temperature of the gas compressor of the gas turbine is adjusted to a certain degree, and for some gas turbines, the partial load efficiency of the unit can be improved.
Furthermore, cold water discharged by the heating humidifier is introduced into a water supplementing pipeline of the water preheater.
The invention relates to an air separation oxygen production process in the process industries of integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation or coal chemical raw materials based on large-scale pressurized coal gasification and the like. For the synthesis gas turbine applied to the coal chemical industry, the carbon dioxide generated by the carbon dioxide separation unit and the nitrogen can be further mixed and then heated and humidified together, and then the mixture is sent to the inlet of the compressor of the gas turbine, so that the oxygen concentration of the air entering the gas turbine is further reduced.
The invention discloses a system for reducing NOx emission of a synthesis gas turbine, which has the working principle that: the invention changes the temperature of the adiabatic flame of combustion by reducing the oxygen concentration of the air in the combustion chamber, and can effectively reduce the NOx emission of the combustion chamber.
Although the prior scheme for reducing NOx by diluting fuel of a synthesis gas turbine can achieve better technical effect of reducing NOx, the technical scheme of the invention has simpler system and does not bring about the through-flow problem of the gas turbine, and compared with the method for injecting steam/nitrogen into fuel or a combustion chamber of the gas turbine in the technical background, the method has the advantages that:
(1) the invention mixes low-pressure (near normal pressure) nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide and water vapor into the inlet of the gas compressor of the gas turbine, and the nitrogen/carbon dioxide does not need to be compressed, thereby saving equipment and energy consumption. If nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide are used to dilute the fuel, a multistage centrifugal compressor is typically provided to pressurize the diluent gas above the fuel pressure. For example, nitrogen fuel dilution is adopted, and in order to reduce system energy consumption, an air separation oxygen generation device of the nitrogen fuel dilution system generally needs to be operated at high pressure so as to increase the pressure of produced gas. The invention only needs low-pressure nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide (close to normal pressure), and waste nitrogen generated by the low-pressure air separation oxygen generation device and/or carbon dioxide generated in the process of decarbonization of synthesis gas are introduced into the inlet of the combustion engine to be mixed with air by heating the humidifier to improve the water vapor content.
(2) The invention has little influence on the through flow of the synthesis gas turbine. The gas turbine through-flow problems are exacerbated by either fuel dilution or diluent injection into the combustor, and provisions have to be taken to mitigate through-flow. In the invention, nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide and steam are mixed with air at the inlet of the compressor of the gas turbine, so that the oxygen concentration of the air at the inlet of the compressor can be reduced, but the total flow of the compressor is not changed greatly, and the influence on the gas flow at the inlet of the turbine is not large.
(3) The invention can reduce the NOx emission of the gas turbine and can not cause obvious influence on the through flow of the synthetic gas combustion engine.
(4) The invention heats and humidifies by nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide to form mixed gas of nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide and water vapor, the nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide directly contacts with hot water for heat and mass transfer, and the evaporation of the hot water only needs to consume the low-temperature waste heat (usually lower than 80 ℃) of the system.
(5) Although the heating and humidification of nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide improves the water vapor content of the inlet gas of the gas turbine compressor and reduces the oxygen concentration, the inlet temperature of the gas turbine compressor can be improved to a certain extent, and the output power and the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine are further reduced (compared with the condition that the inlet is not heated, the efficiency is reduced), so whether the NOx reduction system is adopted or not needs to be selected according to actual requirements.
(6) The invention can adjust the inlet temperature of the compressor of the gas turbine to a certain extent by adjusting the hot water flow and temperature of the heating humidifier of the nitrogen and/or the carbon dioxide, and can improve the partial load efficiency of the unit for some gas turbines.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for reducing NOx emission of a syngas gas turbine according to the present invention applied to a gas turbine power generation and syngas cogeneration system based on coal gasification, wherein a coal gasification unit 1, a coal gas purification and desulfurization unit 2, a coal gas shift unit 3, a coal gas decarbonization unit 4, a compressor 5, a combustion chamber 6, a turbine 7, a waste heat boiler 8, a steam turbine 9, a generator 10, a cryogenic air separation unit 11, a heating humidifier 12, and a water preheater 13 are provided.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The structure and technical scheme of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and an embodiment of the present invention is provided.
The following description will be made of an application of the system for reducing NOx emissions of a syngas gas turbine according to the present invention, taking a gas turbine power generation and syngas cogeneration system based on coal gasification as an example. As shown in fig. 1, the system comprises a coal gasification unit 1, a coal gas purification and desulfurization unit 2, a coal gas conversion unit 3, a coal gas decarbonization unit 4, a compressor 5, a combustion chamber 6, a turbine 7, a waste heat boiler 8, a steam turbine 9, a generator 10, a cryogenic air separation unit 11, a heating humidifier 12, a water preheater 13 and other components and necessary pipelines. The environmental air is separated into oxygen and nitrogen by the deep cooling air separation unit 11, the oxygen is sent to the coal gasification unit 1 to be used as an oxidant for gasification, the coal is gasified to generate crude synthesis gas, and the crude synthesis gas is processed byThe coal-passing gas purification and desulfurization unit 2 removes solid particles and sulfide (H) therein2S and COS), chlorides, ammonia, etc. into clean coal gas. One part of the coal gas is sent into a combustion chamber 6 of a gas turbine to be used as fuel gas, the other part of the coal gas is converted into carbon dioxide and hydrogen through water vapor of carbon monoxide in the coal gas by a coal gas conversion unit 3, and the carbon dioxide in the gas is separated by a coal gas decarbonization unit 4 to form synthesis gas with the hydrogen-carbon ratio meeting the downstream requirement. A compressor 5 of the gas turbine sucks air from the environment, before the ambient air enters the compressor 5, waste nitrogen returned from a deep cooling air separation unit 11 is mixed with carbon dioxide gas separated from a coal gas decarburization unit 4, the mixed nitrogen/carbon dioxide mixed gas enters from the bottom of a heating humidifier 12, and is in direct countercurrent contact with a large amount of hot water sprayed from the top in the heating humidifier 12, the nitrogen/carbon dioxide mixed gas is humidified and heated at the same time, and the nitrogen/carbon dioxide/water vapor mixed gas is mixed with the air and then enters the gas turbine compressor 5. In the heating humidifier 12, in the process that hot water sprayed from the top flows downwards, part of water is evaporated into nitrogen/carbon dioxide gas, the temperature of the hot water is reduced, the hot water is discharged from the bottom of the heating humidifier 12 and is called cold water, the cold water is sent to a water preheater 13 arranged at the tail part of the waste heat boiler 8, the cold water exchanges heat with flue gas at the tail part of the waste heat boiler, the temperature of the cold water is increased, the cold water is changed into hot water again, and the hot water is sent to the top of the heating humidifier 12. In the heating humidifier 12, the amount of water reduced due to evaporation is supplemented by the replenishment water, thereby achieving water balance.
The mixed gas of nitrogen/carbon dioxide/steam is compressed by the compressor 5 and then sent into the combustion chamber 6, and after being combusted with the synthesis gas in the combustion chamber, the mixed gas becomes high-temperature and high-pressure gas to push the turbine 7 to do work, and the output work of the turbine 7 drives the generator 10 to generate electricity. The flue gas that turbine 7 discharged passes through exhaust-heat boiler 8 recovery heat and produces steam, promotes turbine 9 and does work. A water preheater 13 is provided at the rear of the exhaust-heat boiler 8 to heat water for heating the humidifier 12.
The above presents a simplified flow of a syngas turbine NOx emission reduction system using the present invention, applied to a coal gasification based gas turbine power generation and syngas co-production system. The core of the invention is that after the waste nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide which is useless in the system is heated and humidified by the waste heat which is useless in the system, the waste nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide is mixed with air at the inlet of the compressor of the gas turbine, so that the aim of reducing the NOx emission of the synthesis gas turbine is fulfilled. In practical application, nitrogen or carbon dioxide or a combination of the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide can be adopted to dilute inlet air of the compressor after heating and humidifying according to the requirements of different grades of combustion engines. The heating humidifier 12 of the present invention may be a packed tower or a hollow tower or other devices capable of heating and humidifying gas by using hot water energy.
The object of the present invention is fully effectively achieved by the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention includes, but is not limited to, what is described in the accompanying drawings and the foregoing detailed description. While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A system for reducing NOx emission of a synthesis gas turbine, which at least comprises an air separation unit, a gas turbine and a heating humidifier, wherein the gas turbine adopts synthesis gas fuel and at least comprises a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine, an air inlet pipeline of the compressor is communicated with the atmosphere, an exhaust pipeline of the compressor is communicated with the combustion chamber, high-pressure gas generated by the compressor and the synthesis gas fuel are mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber to generate high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas is introduced into and drives the turbine,
a waste heat utilization device is arranged at the downstream of the turbine, the flue gas discharged by the turbine is introduced into the waste heat utilization device, a water preheater is arranged at the tail part of the waste heat utilization device, the hot water generated by the water preheater is introduced into the heating humidifier in a temperature and flow adjustable manner, the cold water discharged by the heating humidifier is introduced into a water replenishing pipeline of the water preheater,
and nitrogen generated by the air separation unit passes through the heating humidifier through a pipeline and is communicated with an air inlet pipeline of the air compressor, the nitrogen is heated and humidified and then is introduced into the air inlet pipeline of the air compressor in a low-pressure state close to normal pressure, and inlet air of the air compressor and the heated and humidified low-pressure nitrogen are mixed in the air inlet pipeline of the air compressor and then are introduced into the air compressor.
2. The system for reducing NOx emissions of a syngas gas turbine engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein said air separation unit is a low pressure air separation plant.
3. The system of claim 1, further comprising a coal decarbonization unit, wherein carbon dioxide produced by the coal decarbonization unit is passed through the heating humidifier and introduced into the compressor inlet line, wherein the carbon dioxide and nitrogen are blended in the heating humidifier and further blended with air in the compressor inlet line at a low pressure near atmospheric pressure after being heated and humidified.
4. The system for reducing NOx emissions from a syngas gas turbine as set forth in claim 1, wherein said waste heat utilization device is a waste heat boiler, said water preheater is disposed at the rear of said waste heat boiler, water introduced into said water preheater is heated by heat from flue gas at the rear of said waste heat boiler, and hot water generated by said water preheater is introduced into said heating humidifier.
5. The system for reducing NOx emissions from a syngas gas turbine as set forth in claim 4, wherein said exhaust heat boiler is further configured with a turbine, and wherein high temperature steam generated by said exhaust heat boiler is passed to drive said turbine to do work.
6. The system for reducing syngas gas turbine NOx emissions of claim 1, wherein hot water introduced into said heated humidifier heats and humidifies the gases therein in a direct contact or non-contact manner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010259836.9A CN111441866B (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | System for reducing NOx emission of synthesis gas turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010259836.9A CN111441866B (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | System for reducing NOx emission of synthesis gas turbine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111441866A CN111441866A (en) | 2020-07-24 |
| CN111441866B true CN111441866B (en) | 2021-07-30 |
Family
ID=71649951
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010259836.9A Active CN111441866B (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | System for reducing NOx emission of synthesis gas turbine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111441866B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112630263B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2023-04-07 | 南京理工大学 | Method for achieving chemical separation of blending components in opposed diffusion flames |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1096343A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1994-12-14 | 气体产品与化学公司 | Supply with freezing mixture with the nitrogen that air separation facility produces as the gas turbine air compressor |
| US7028485B1 (en) * | 2002-10-02 | 2006-04-18 | Mee Industries, Inc. | Surge prevention for compressor inlet air fogging |
| CN101555834A (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-10-14 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Combustion engine island technique |
| CN101892904A (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2010-11-24 | 通用电气公司 | Has the gas turbine that nitrogen is introduced |
| CN102287853A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-12-21 | 通用电气公司 | Alternate method for diluent injection for gas turbine NOx emissions control |
| CN103195571A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2013-07-10 | 通用电气公司 | Power plant |
-
2020
- 2020-04-03 CN CN202010259836.9A patent/CN111441866B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1096343A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1994-12-14 | 气体产品与化学公司 | Supply with freezing mixture with the nitrogen that air separation facility produces as the gas turbine air compressor |
| US7028485B1 (en) * | 2002-10-02 | 2006-04-18 | Mee Industries, Inc. | Surge prevention for compressor inlet air fogging |
| CN101555834A (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-10-14 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Combustion engine island technique |
| CN101892904A (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2010-11-24 | 通用电气公司 | Has the gas turbine that nitrogen is introduced |
| CN102287853A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-12-21 | 通用电气公司 | Alternate method for diluent injection for gas turbine NOx emissions control |
| CN103195571A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2013-07-10 | 通用电气公司 | Power plant |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111441866A (en) | 2020-07-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5595059A (en) | Combined cycle power plant with thermochemical recuperation and flue gas recirculation | |
| JP5913304B2 (en) | Low emission triple cycle power generation system and method | |
| JP5906555B2 (en) | Stoichiometric combustion of rich air by exhaust gas recirculation system | |
| JP6169840B2 (en) | Method for separating CO2 from N2 and O2 in a turbine engine system | |
| CN109148919B (en) | Integrated coal gasification fuel cell power generation system and method utilizing gas high-temperature sensible heat | |
| US20160177821A1 (en) | Generating Power Using an Ion Transport Membrane | |
| CA3073107A1 (en) | Improved method and system of carbon sequestration and carbon negative power system | |
| US8191349B2 (en) | System and method for low emissions combustion | |
| CN111441866B (en) | System for reducing NOx emission of synthesis gas turbine | |
| CN101915163A (en) | Method and equipment for carrying out oxygen fuel combustion by using hydrogen fuel and gas turbine | |
| Liu et al. | A new cleaner power generation system based on self-sustaining supercritical water gasification of coal | |
| CN211737297U (en) | IGCC power generation system for humidifying fuel gas by using low-temperature waste heat of flue gas | |
| CN113623033A (en) | IGCC system adopting air gasification and working method thereof | |
| CN114352369A (en) | Gas turbine-steam turbine combined power generation system for producing hydrogen by decomposing ammonia and control method | |
| US20110162380A1 (en) | Method to increase net plant output of a derated igcc plant | |
| SE9601898D0 (en) | Methods of generating electricity in gas turbine based on gaseous fuels in cycle with residues carbon dioxide and water respectively | |
| CN215860491U (en) | Integrated Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) system for generating oxygen by integrating high-temperature ion transport membrane | |
| Wei et al. | Performance evaluation of a hydrogen-fired combined cycle with water recovery | |
| CN216044043U (en) | IGCC system for preparing synthesis gas components by adopting fuel cell | |
| RU2813644C1 (en) | Method for preparing methane-hydrogen fuel with increased hydrogen content for boiler units of thermal power plants and gas turbine expander power plants | |
| Gabbrielli et al. | Thermodynamic performance analysis of new gas turbine combined cycles with no emissions of carbon dioxide | |
| JP2015500934A (en) | Method and apparatus for supplying nitrogen to a combustion chamber | |
| Fu et al. | Study on gas turbine performance by nitrogen injection for IGCC power plant | |
| CN214528871U (en) | Precise control system for calorific value of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) synthesis gas | |
| CN113623075A (en) | IGCC system integrating high-temperature ion transport membrane oxygen generation and working method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |