CN111411929A - Horizontal well immovable string staged fracturing physical simulation tool and zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method - Google Patents
Horizontal well immovable string staged fracturing physical simulation tool and zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a horizontal well immovable string staged fracturing simulation tool and a zipper type fracturing experiment method. The invention mainly solves the problem that the conventional fracturing experiment simulation device cannot simulate staged fracturing and zipper fracturing of a horizontal well and analyze mutual interference among a plurality of fractures. The invention consists of a simulation shaft pipe body (1), a multi-stage liquid outlet (2), a sealing ring (3) and a multi-stage liquid injection pipeline (4). The simulated shaft pipe body (1) is used for simulating a sectional horizontal well; the multistage liquid outlet (2), the sealing ring (3) and the multistage liquid injection pipeline (4) simulate a plurality of independent fracturing fluid flow paths; the method has the advantages of simulating the dynamic process of the horizontal well zipper type staged fracturing more truly, providing means and methods for researching the mutual interference and crack propagation rules among a plurality of cracks in the horizontal well zipper type staged fracturing process, realizing the reutilization of simulation tools and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a horizontal well immovable string staged fracturing simulation tool and a zipper type fracturing experiment method.
Background
Staged fracturing of a horizontal well is one of key technologies for yield increase and transformation of a compact oil and gas reservoir. And performing multi-section fracturing construction on different positions of the horizontal well according to the physical property characteristics of the compact oil and gas reservoir, forming a plurality of hydraulic fractures in the stratum, increasing the contact area of the fractures and the stratum, and improving the modification volume of the compact oil and gas reservoir, thereby greatly improving the initial productivity of the compact oil and gas well. Zipper type fracturing refers to alternate fracturing of two horizontal wells at the same time, and the fracturing mode can improve the working efficiency by one time in the same time. In the zipper type fracturing process, because a plurality of hydraulic cracks are generated, the inter-crack interference phenomenon exists among the cracks, so that the crack expansion form and the extension rule are very complicated. A horizontal well zipper type staged fracturing simulation experiment is developed, the crack propagation rule and the mutual interference among multiple cracks in the horizontal well zipper type staged fracturing process can be accurately known, and theoretical guidance is provided for the optimization of a field compact oil and gas well staged fracturing construction scheme.
At present, a large number of hydraulic fracturing simulation experiments are carried out by numerous scholars at home and abroad, and the conventional experimental method is generally used for simulating single-stage fracturing. When the staged fracturing of the horizontal well is carried out, the staged fracturing can only be realized by a method of pouring a special simulated shaft in an artificial rock sample. The national invention patent with the application number of 201510287312.X discloses an indoor experimental well bore device and method for horizontal well two-well synchronous or asynchronous multi-section clustering fracturing. A large number of thin steel pipes are welded on the shaft body to simulate perforation, and simulation experiments can only be carried out on poured artificial rock samples. However, the mechanical properties of the artificial rock sample (cement, gypsum, rubber blocks and the like) are greatly different from those of a real rock sample, particularly the difference of the rock sample with a compact matrix and strong heterogeneity is more obvious in a compact oil and gas reservoir. In addition, the processing method of the prefabricated shaft and the artificial rock sample integrated type greatly increases the manufacturing cost and the experimental period, and the success rate is often low. The national invention patent with the application number of 201610025162.X discloses a staged hydraulic fracturing experimental method for a large-size natural rock laboratory, wherein a multistage liquid injection pipeline is sealed by an injection glue section and a partition plate with a hole. The processing process of the rock sample is complicated, the requirement is high, and the recycling of the liquid injection pipeline is not facilitated. Therefore, in order to more accurately recognize the fracture initiation and propagation rules of a plurality of hydraulic fractures in a real rock sample and the mutual interference among the fractures, an indoor horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool, a zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method and a shaft device which are more efficient and practical and can be suitable for a natural rock sample or an artificial rock sample are needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a horizontal well immovable string staged fracturing physical simulation tool and a zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method, which can be combined with a large-size true triaxial fracturing simulation experiment system to carry out experimental research on the crack expansion rule and form in the horizontal well immovable string staged fracturing process aiming at a real compact oil-gas natural rock sample or artificial rock sample.
A horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool and a zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method are provided, wherein the horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool comprises: the device comprises a simulation shaft pipe body, a multi-stage liquid outlet, a sealing ring, a multi-stage liquid injection pipeline, a rock sample, a blind hole, a simulation sleeve, a multi-stage annular groove, epoxy resin glue, a constant-speed constant-pressure injection pump, a first valve, a first intermediate container, a second valve and a second intermediate container; the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor;
the multi-stage liquid outlet is formed by connecting a first-stage liquid outlet, a second-stage liquid outlet, a third-stage liquid outlet and a fourth-stage liquid outlet); the first-stage liquid outlet is connected with a first-stage liquid injection pipeline, the second-stage liquid outlet is connected with a second-stage liquid injection pipeline, the third-stage liquid outlet is connected with a third-stage liquid injection pipeline, and the fourth-stage liquid outlet is connected with a fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline;
the sealing rings comprise a first-stage sealing ring, a second-stage sealing ring, a third-stage sealing ring and a fourth-stage sealing ring group; the first-stage sealing ring is connected with the first-stage liquid outlet, the second-stage sealing ring is connected with the second-stage liquid outlet, the third-stage sealing ring is connected with the third-stage liquid outlet, and the fourth-stage sealing ring is connected with the fourth-stage liquid outlet;
the multi-stage liquid injection pipeline consists of a first-stage liquid injection pipeline, a second-stage liquid injection pipeline, a third-stage liquid injection pipeline and a fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline; the first-stage liquid injection pipeline of the first simulation shaft is connected with a third valve, the first-stage liquid injection pipeline of the second simulation shaft is connected with a seventh valve, the second-stage liquid injection pipeline of the first simulation shaft is connected with a fourth valve, the second-stage liquid injection pipeline of the second simulation shaft is connected with an eighth valve, the third-stage liquid injection pipeline of the first simulation shaft is connected with a fifth valve, the third-stage liquid injection pipeline of the second simulation shaft is connected with a ninth valve, the fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline of the first simulation shaft is connected with a sixth valve, and the fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline of the second simulation shaft is connected with a tenth valve;
drilling a blind hole in a rock sample, adhering a simulation casing pipe inserted into the blind hole through epoxy resin adhesive, cutting an annular groove in the simulation casing pipe, and inserting a simulation shaft pipe body into the simulation casing pipe;
the constant-speed constant-pressure injection pump is connected with the lower ends of a first intermediate container and a second intermediate container through pipelines, a first valve and a second valve, the upper ends of the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container are connected with a multistage liquid injection pipeline, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively connected with the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container, the upper ends of a first-stage liquid injection pipeline, a second-stage liquid injection pipeline, a third-stage liquid injection pipeline and a fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline of a first simulation shaft are connected with the valves, the tail ends of the first-stage liquid injection pipeline, the second-stage liquid injection pipeline, the third-stage liquid injection pipeline and the fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline of the second simulation shaft are connected with the valves, and the tail ends of the first-stage liquid injection pipeline, the second-stage;
the zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method utilizing the horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool comprises the following steps of:
a: cutting a compact oil gas natural rock sample or an artificial rock sample into a standard cubic rock sample 5 with a certain size, and drilling a blind hole with a certain depth and diameter on one surface of the rock sample by using a drilling machine;
b: placing the simulation sleeve with the sealed bottom into the rock sample blind hole, injecting glue solution into an annular space between the simulation sleeve and the rock sample blind hole, and waiting for the glue solution to be solidified;
c: a grooving tool is put into the simulation sleeve, and annular grooves with certain depth (diameter) and width are respectively cut at a specific depth position, if the inner wall of the simulation sleeve is rough in the cutting process, proper grinding can be carried out;
d: inserting a simulation tool into the simulation sleeve to enable the annular groove to be opposite to the liquid outlet and located in the range of the sealing rings on the two sides;
e: placing the whole rock sample on a large-size true triaxial physical simulation tool for staged fracturing of a horizontal well immobile pipe column, and applying three-way stress to the rock sample after connecting a pipeline to perform a fracturing experiment;
f: and after the experiment is finished, unloading the three-dimensional stress, taking down the rock sample, taking out the simulation tool, observing the expansion form of each section of fracturing fracture through CT scanning and rock sample subdivision, and finishing the experiment.
The multistage liquid outlet, the multistage liquid injection pipeline and the sealing ring are used for realizing the staged fracturing simulation of the horizontal well, and a tubular column does not need to be dragged.
The simulated shaft body is made of stainless acid-resistant steel materials, the multistage liquid outlet pipeline is made of nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy materials, the sealing ring is made of polyurethane rubber materials, and the multistage liquid outlet is made of corrosion-resistant nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy materials.
The simulation sleeve is a polyvinyl chloride pipe.
The glue solution is epoxy resin glue.
The multistage liquid outlet and the multistage liquid injection pipeline are sealed by welding, so that liquid is prevented from flowing back to the inside of the simulated well casing pipe body.
And two sealing rings are respectively arranged at two sides of the multistage liquid outlet, so that fluid channeling between multistage fracturing sections is prevented.
In step c the depth (diameter) of the annular groove is larger than the diameter of the blind hole.
And d, enabling the fracturing fluid to enter the multistage annular groove from the multistage liquid injection pipeline through the multistage liquid outlet and applying pressure to the interior of the rock sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool and a zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method, which are combined with a large-size true triaxial fracturing simulation experiment system, and can be used for carrying out experimental research on crack interference and expansion rules in the staged fracturing process of a real compact oil-gas rock sample or artificial rock sample horizontal well. Because the simulation tool adopts a plurality of liquid injection pipelines and a plurality of liquid outlets to control the separation liquid injection between different fracturing sections, the staged fracturing simulation of the horizontal well of the real compact oil-gas well rock sample or the artificial rock sample can be realized. Meanwhile, the simulation tool is simple in structure and convenient to process, is connected with the rock sample in an insertion mode, can be repeatedly used, greatly saves cost, simplifies experiment operation procedures and improves experiment efficiency. The experimental result can provide a theoretical basis for the construction design of staged fracturing of horizontal wells in a mine field.
Description of the drawings: FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a borehole in a rock sample 5 provided by the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated casing 7 slot under a rock sample 5 provided by the invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal well immobile string fracture simulation tool provided by the invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a zipper-type fracturing experiment provided by the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the zipper type fracturing experiment pipeline of the horizontal well provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1, simulating a shaft pipe body; 2-a multi-stage liquid outlet; 3-sealing ring; 4-a multi-stage liquid injection pipeline; 5-a rock sample; 6-blind holes; 7-simulating a casing; 8-multistage annular groove
101-simulating a shaft body end face, 111-a first simulated shaft; 112-a second simulated wellbore; 201-a first stage liquid outlet; 202-a second stage liquid outlet; 203-a third stage liquid outlet;
301-first stage sealing ring; 302-second stage seal ring; 303-third stage sealing ring; 304-fourth stage seal ring; 204-a fourth stage liquid outlet; 401-first stage injection line; 402-a secondary injection line; 403-third stage injection line; 404-a fourth stage injection line; 501-rock sample end face; 701-a first simulated casing; 702-a second simulated casing; 811-first wellbore first stage annular groove; 812-a first wellbore second stage annular groove; 813-first wellbore third stage annular groove; 814-a first wellbore fourth stage annular groove; 821-a second wellbore first stage annular groove; 822-a second wellbore second stage annular groove; 823-second wellbore third stage annular groove; 824-a second wellbore fourth stage annular groove; 901-first wellbore epoxy glue; 902-second wellbore epoxy glue;
10-constant speed constant pressure injection pump; 11-a first valve; 12-a first intermediate container; 13-a second valve; 14-a second intermediate container; 15-a third valve; 16-a fourth valve; 17-a fifth valve; 18-a sixth valve; 19-a seventh valve; 20-an eighth valve; 21-ninth valve; 22-tenth valve; 23-a first pressure sensor; 24-second pressure sensor.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in the following embodiments.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "primary", "secondary" and "tertiary" are used merely for convenience in describing different components, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a sequential relationship, relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
A horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool and a zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method are provided, wherein the horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool comprises: the device comprises a simulation shaft pipe body 1, a multistage liquid outlet 2, a sealing ring 3, a multistage liquid injection pipeline 4, a rock sample 5, a blind hole 6, a simulation sleeve 7, a multistage annular groove 8, epoxy resin glue 9, a constant-speed constant-pressure injection pump 10, a first valve 11, a first intermediate container 12, a second valve 13, a second intermediate container 14, a third valve 15, a fourth valve 16, a fifth valve 17, a sixth valve 18, a seventh valve 19, an eighth valve 20, a ninth valve 21, a tenth valve 22, a first pressure sensor 23 and a second pressure sensor 24;
the multi-stage liquid outlet 2 is composed of a first-stage liquid outlet 201, a second-stage liquid outlet 202, a third-stage liquid outlet 203 and a fourth-stage liquid outlet 204 which are connected with each other; the first-stage liquid outlet 201 is connected with a first-stage liquid injection pipeline 401, the second-stage liquid outlet 202 is connected with a second-stage liquid injection pipeline 402, the third-stage liquid outlet 203 is connected with a third-stage liquid injection pipeline 403, and the fourth-stage liquid outlet 204 is connected with a fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline 404;
the sealing ring 3 consists of a first-stage sealing ring 301, a second-stage sealing ring 302, a third-stage sealing ring 303 and a fourth-stage sealing ring 304; the first-stage sealing ring 301 is connected with the first-stage liquid outlet 201, the second-stage sealing ring 302 is connected with the second-stage liquid outlet 202, the third-stage sealing ring 303 is connected with the third-stage liquid outlet 203, and the fourth-stage sealing ring 304 is connected with the fourth-stage liquid outlet 204;
the multistage liquid injection pipeline 4 consists of a first-stage liquid injection pipeline 401, a second-stage liquid injection pipeline 402, a third-stage liquid injection pipeline 403 and a fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline 404; wherein the first-stage injection line 401 of the first simulated wellbore 111 is connected to the third valve 15, the first-stage injection line 401 of the second simulated wellbore 112 is connected to the seventh valve 19, the second-stage injection line 402 of the first simulated wellbore 111 is connected to the fourth valve 16, the second-stage injection line 402 of the second simulated wellbore 112 is connected to the eighth valve 20, the third-stage injection line 403 of the first simulated wellbore 111 is connected to the fifth valve 17, the third-stage injection line 403 of the second simulated wellbore 112 is connected to the ninth valve 21, the fourth-stage injection line 404 of the first simulated wellbore 111 is connected to the sixth valve 18, and the fourth-stage injection line 404 of the second simulated wellbore 112 is connected to the tenth valve 22;
drilling a blind hole 6 in a rock sample 5, adhering a simulation sleeve 7 inserted into the blind hole 6 through epoxy resin glue 9, cutting an annular groove 8 in the simulation sleeve 7, and inserting the simulation shaft pipe body 1 into the simulation sleeve 7;
the constant-speed constant-pressure injection pump 10 is connected with the lower ends of a first intermediate container 12 and a second intermediate container 14 through pipelines, a first valve 11 and a second valve 13, the upper ends of the first intermediate container 12 and the second intermediate container 14 are connected with a multistage injection pipeline 4, a first pressure sensor 23 and a second pressure sensor 24 are respectively connected with the first intermediate container 12 and the second intermediate container 14, the upper ends of a first-stage injection pipeline 401, a second-stage injection pipeline 402, a third-stage injection pipeline 403 and a fourth-stage injection pipeline 404 of the first simulated shaft 111 are connected with the valves, the tail ends of the first-stage injection pipeline 401, the second-stage injection pipeline 402, the third-stage injection pipeline 403 and the fourth-stage injection pipeline 404 of the second simulated shaft 112 are connected with the valves, and the tail ends of the first-stage injection pipeline 401, the second-stage injection pipeline 402, the third-stage injection pipeline 403.
The zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method utilizing the horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool comprises the following steps of:
a: collecting a compact oil gas natural rock sample 5 or an artificial rock sample 5, cutting into a standard rock sample 5 and drilling a blind hole 6.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the size of the standard cubic rock sample 5 after cutting is 300mm × 300mm × 300mm, the end face 501 of the rock sample is selected, and blind holes 601 and 602 are drilled, specifically, the size is 601 mm in depth, 260mm in diameter, 25mm in diameter, 602 mm in depth, 250mm in diameter, and 25mm in diameter.
b: and (3) placing the simulation sleeve 7 into the blind hole 6, injecting epoxy resin glue solution 9 into an annular space between the simulation sleeve 7 and the rock sample blind hole 6, and waiting for the glue solution to be solidified.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the bottom of the simulation sleeve 701, 702 is sealed, and 701 is 260mm long, 24mm outer diameter, 19mm inner diameter, 702 is 215mm long, 24mm outer diameter, and 19mm inner diameter simulation sleeve 7 and the blind hole 6 are cemented by high strength epoxy resin glue.
c: cutting the annular groove 8
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the number of the annular grooves 8 is eight, the diameter is 29mm (i.e. the depth of the interior of the natural rock sample is 2 mm), and the width is 4 mm. The distances from the centers of the first shaft first-stage annular groove 811, the first shaft second-stage annular groove 812, the first shaft third-stage annular groove 813 and the first shaft fourth-stage annular groove 814 to the rock sample end face 501 are 250mm, 230mm, 210mm and 190mm respectively. The distances from the centers of the first-stage annular groove 821 of the second well bore, the second-stage annular groove 822 of the second well bore, the third-stage annular groove 823 of the second well bore and the fourth-stage annular groove 824 to the rock sample end face 501 are 240mm, 220mm, 200mm and 180mm respectively.
d: inserting the simulation tool 1 into the simulation socket 7
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the simulated shaft tube end face 101 is flush with the rock sample end face 501, and at this time, the positions of the multi-stage liquid outlets 2 are opposite to the positions of the multi-stage annular grooves 8, and the sealing rings 3 on the two sides are used to realize the sealing between different fracturing sections.
e: referring to fig. 5, the whole rock sample is placed on a large-size true triaxial fracturing simulation experiment system, and after a pipeline is connected, a three-dimensional stress is applied to the rock sample 5 to perform a fracturing experiment; and applying three-dimensional stress to the rock sample after the pipeline is connected.
f: referring to fig. 2 and 4, a valve correspondingly connected with a pipeline at a first-section slotting position 811 of a well is opened 601, fracturing fluid is pumped according to the designed displacement for fracturing, and the valve is closed after fracturing is completed; then, a valve correspondingly connected with a pipeline at a first-section slotting position 821 of the well is opened 602, fracturing fluid is pumped according to the designed displacement for fracturing, and the valve is closed after fracturing is completed; then opening 601 a valve correspondingly connected with a pipeline at a second-section slotting position 812 of the well, pumping fracturing fluid according to the designed displacement for fracturing, and closing the valve after fracturing is completed; then fracturing 602 the well second section slot location 822; alternately fracturing the cutting positions of each section of the two wells in the sequence until all the sections of the fracturing are finished;
g: and after the experiment is finished, unloading the three-dimensional stress, taking down the rock sample 5, taking out the simulation tool 1, observing the expansion form of each section of fracturing fracture through CT scanning and rock sample subdivision, and finishing the experiment.
The multistage liquid outlet 2, the multistage liquid injection pipeline 4 and the sealing ring 3 are utilized to realize the staged fracturing simulation of the horizontal well without dragging a tubular column.
The simulated shaft body is made of stainless acid-resistant steel materials, the multistage liquid outlet pipeline 4 is made of nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy materials, the sealing ring 3 is made of polyurethane rubber materials, and the multistage liquid outlet 2 is made of corrosion-resistant nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy materials.
The simulation sleeve 7 is a polyvinyl chloride pipe.
The glue solution 9 is epoxy resin glue.
The multistage liquid outlet 2 and the multistage liquid injection pipeline 4 are sealed by welding, so that liquid is prevented from flowing back to the inside of the simulated well casing pipe body.
And two sides of the multistage liquid outlet 2 are respectively provided with a sealing ring 3, so that fluid channeling between multistage fracturing sections is prevented.
In step c the depth (diameter) of the annular groove 8 is larger than the diameter of the blind hole 6.
In the step d, fracturing fluid enters the multistage annular groove 8 from the multistage liquid injection pipeline 4 through the multistage liquid outlet 2 and acts on the pressure inside the rock sample 5.
Referring to fig. 3, a staged fracturing simulation tool for a fixed pipe column of a horizontal well comprises: the simulation pit shaft body 1, multistage liquid outlet 2, sealing washer 3 and multistage liquid pipeline 4 of annotating. Specifically, the length of the simulated wellbore tubular body 1 in the embodiment is 260mm, the outer diameter is 20mm, and the inner diameter is 16 mm. The number of the multistage liquid outlets 2 is four; the distances from the first-stage liquid outlet 201, the second-stage liquid outlet 202, the third-stage liquid outlet 203 and the fourth-stage liquid outlet 204 to the simulated shaft tube end face 101 are respectively 250mm, 230mm, 210mm and 190 mm; two sides of the multi-stage liquid outlet are respectively provided with an O-shaped sealing ring 3 which is symmetrically distributed, and the distance is 8 mm. The number of the multistage liquid injection pipelines 4 is two, and the length of each multistage liquid injection pipeline is 2000 mm. The first-stage liquid outlet 201 and the first-stage liquid outlet pipeline 401, and the second-stage liquid outlet 202 and the second-stage liquid outlet pipeline 402 are sealed by welding.
It should be noted that the length of the simulated shaft is determined according to the depth of the blind hole drilled by the rock sample, for example, the length of the 112 second simulated shaft in fig. 2 is 250mm, the distance between the liquid outlet and the end face 101 of the simulated shaft pipe body is determined according to the rock sample slot position, for example, the distance between the first-stage liquid outlet, the second-stage liquid outlet, the third-stage liquid outlet and the fourth-stage liquid outlet is 240mm, 220mm, 200mm and 180mm from the end face of the simulated shaft pipe body in the 112 second simulated shaft in fig. 2.
Claims (9)
1. A horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool and a zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method are characterized in that the horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool comprises: the device comprises a simulation shaft pipe body (1), a multi-stage liquid outlet (2), a sealing ring (3), a multi-stage liquid injection pipeline (4), a rock sample (5), a blind hole (6), a simulation sleeve (7), an annular groove (8), epoxy resin glue (9), a constant-speed constant-pressure injection pump (10), a first valve (11), a first intermediate container (12), a second valve (13) and a second intermediate container (14); a third valve (15), a fourth valve (16), a fifth valve (17), a sixth valve (18), a seventh valve (19), an eighth valve (20), a ninth valve (21), a tenth valve (22), a first pressure sensor (23) and a second pressure sensor (24);
the multi-stage liquid outlet (2) is composed of a first-stage liquid outlet (201), a second-stage liquid outlet (202), a third-stage liquid outlet (203) and a fourth-stage liquid outlet (204); wherein the first-stage liquid outlet (201) is connected with a first-stage liquid injection pipeline (401), the second-stage liquid outlet (202) is connected with a second-stage liquid injection pipeline (402), the third-stage liquid outlet (203) is connected with a third-stage liquid injection pipeline (403), and the fourth-stage liquid outlet (204) is connected with a fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline (404);
the sealing ring (3) consists of a first-stage sealing ring (301), a second-stage sealing ring (302), a third-stage sealing ring (303) and a fourth-stage sealing ring (304); the first-stage sealing ring (301) is connected with the first-stage liquid outlet (201), the second-stage sealing ring (302) is connected with the second-stage liquid outlet (202), the third-stage sealing ring (303) is connected with the third-stage liquid outlet (203), and the fourth-stage sealing ring (304) is connected with the fourth-stage liquid outlet (204);
the multi-stage liquid injection pipeline (4) consists of a first-stage liquid injection pipeline (401), a second-stage liquid injection pipeline (402), a third-stage liquid injection pipeline (403) and a fourth-stage liquid injection pipeline (404); wherein the first stage injection line (401) of the first simulated wellbore (111) is connected to the third valve (15), the first stage injection line (401) of the second simulated wellbore (112) is connected to the seventh valve (19), the second stage injection line (402) of the first simulated wellbore (111) is connected to the fourth valve (16), the second stage injection line (402) of the second simulated wellbore (112) is connected to the eighth valve (20), the third stage injection line (403) of the first simulated wellbore (111) is connected to the fifth valve (17), the third stage injection line (403) of the second simulated wellbore (112) is connected to the ninth valve (21), the fourth stage injection line (404) of the first simulated wellbore (111) is connected to the sixth valve (18), and the fourth stage injection line (404) of the second simulated wellbore (112) is connected to the tenth valve (22);
wherein a blind hole (6) is drilled in the rock sample (5), the simulation casing (7) is inserted into the blind hole (6) and is bonded through epoxy resin glue (9), an annular groove (8) is cut in the simulation casing, and the simulation shaft pipe body (1) is inserted into the simulation casing (7);
the constant-speed constant-pressure injection pump (10) is connected with the lower ends of a first intermediate container (12) and a second intermediate container (14) through pipelines, a first valve (11) and a second valve (13), the upper ends of the first intermediate container (12) and the second intermediate container (14) are connected with a multistage injection pipeline (4), a first pressure sensor (23) and a second pressure sensor (24) are respectively connected with the first intermediate container (12) and the second intermediate container (14), the upper ends of a first stage injection pipeline (401), a second stage injection pipeline (402), a third stage injection pipeline (403) and a fourth stage injection pipeline (404) of a first simulation shaft (111) are connected with the valves, the tail ends of the first stage injection pipeline (401), the second stage injection pipeline (402), the third stage injection pipeline (403) and the fourth stage injection pipeline (404) of a second simulation shaft (112) are connected with the valves, the tail end is connected with the multi-stage liquid outlet (2);
the zipper type fracturing simulation experiment method utilizing the horizontal well immovable pipe column staged fracturing physical simulation tool comprises the following steps of:
a: cutting a compact oil gas natural rock sample (5) or an artificial rock sample (5) into a standard cubic rock sample (5) with a certain size, and drilling a blind hole (6) with a certain depth and diameter on one surface of the rock sample by using a drilling machine;
b: placing a simulation sleeve (7) with a sealed bottom into the blind hole (6) of the rock sample (5), injecting glue solution into an annular space between the simulation sleeve and the blind hole (6) of the rock sample (5), and curing the glue solution;
c: a grooving tool is put into the simulation sleeve (7), and annular grooves (8) with certain depth (diameter) and width are respectively cut at a specific depth position, if the inner wall of the simulation sleeve (7) is rough in the cutting process, proper grinding can be carried out;
d: inserting the simulation tool (1) into the simulation sleeve (7) to enable the annular groove (8) to be opposite to the liquid outlet (2) and to be located in the range of the sealing rings (8) on the two sides;
e: placing the whole rock sample (5) on a large-size true triaxial physical simulation tool for staged fracturing of a horizontal well immobile pipe column, and applying three-way stress to the rock sample (5) after a pipeline is connected to perform a fracturing experiment;
f: and after the experiment is finished, unloading the three-dimensional stress, taking down the rock sample (5), taking out the simulation tool (1), observing the expansion form of each section of fracturing fracture through CT scanning and splitting of the rock sample (5), and finishing the experiment.
2. The horizontal well immobile string staged fracturing physical simulation tool according to claim 1, wherein: the multistage liquid outlet (2), the multistage liquid injection pipeline (4) and the sealing ring (3) are utilized to realize the staged fracturing simulation of the horizontal well without dragging a tubular column.
3. The horizontal well immobile string staged fracturing physical simulation tool according to claim 1, wherein: the simulated shaft body is made of stainless acid-resistant steel materials, the multistage liquid outlet pipeline (4) is made of nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy materials, the sealing ring (3) is made of polyurethane rubber materials, and the multistage liquid outlet (2) is made of corrosion-resistant nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy materials.
4. The zipper type fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 1, wherein: the simulation sleeve (7) is a polyvinyl chloride pipe.
5. The zipper type fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 1, wherein: the glue solution (9) is epoxy resin glue.
6. The horizontal well immobile string staged fracturing physical simulation tool according to claim 1, wherein: the multistage liquid outlet (2) and the multistage liquid injection pipeline (4) are sealed by welding, so that liquid is prevented from flowing back to the inside of the simulated well tube body.
7. The horizontal well immobile string staged fracturing physical simulation tool according to claim 1, wherein: and two sides of the multi-stage liquid outlet (2) are respectively provided with a sealing ring (3) to prevent fluid channeling between the multi-stage fracturing sections.
8. The zipper type fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 1, wherein: in step c, the depth diameter of the annular groove (8) is larger than the diameter of the blind hole.
9. The zipper type fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step d, fracturing fluid enters the multistage annular groove (8) from the multistage liquid injection pipeline (4) through the multistage liquid outlet (2) and acts on the pressure inside the rock sample (5).
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Effective date of registration: 20211223 Address after: 163453 Heilongjiang Province, Daqing City Ranghulu District No. 233 South Central Avenue Applicant after: Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: PetroChina Company Limited Address before: 163453 Heilongjiang Province, Daqing City Ranghulu District No. 233 South Central Avenue Applicant before: Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd. |
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