CN111419253A - Knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, measuring system and measuring method - Google Patents
Knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, measuring system and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000001694 thigh bone Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000003947 Knee Osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002391 femur head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013150 knee replacement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system and a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring method for human knee joint replacement surgery, which can solve the problem of balancing of the pressure of the inner side and the outer side of a knee joint in the knee joint replacement surgery process and provide reference for the bone cutting amount of a femoral part and the implantation size of a prosthesis. The structure is simple, the cost is low, and the universality is strong; the measurement accuracy and the sensitivity are high, the operation is simple, the display information is rich, the operation of doctors can be greatly facilitated, the operation time is saved, the clinical operation efficiency is improved, and the bleeding amount of patients and the injury to the patients caused by the operation are obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system and a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring method for a human knee joint replacement operation.
Background
With the increasing aging of the population, the number of patients with knee osteoarthritis is on the rising trend, and the number of artificial joint replacement operations performed by hospitals every year is more and more. The artificial knee joint replacement operation solves the problems of knee joint aging or necrosis, functional loss and the like for patients, relieves the pain of the patients and greatly improves the life quality of the patients.
The applicant discloses a system for measuring the pressure of the soft tissue of the knee joint of the human body and the track thereof in the Chinese patent application CN105919607A, wherein the stress surface of the shell adopts an inwards concave cambered surface, and the pressure sensor adopts a film sensor, so that the shape and the structure of the pressure sensor are complex, the power consumption is high, and the precision is low, therefore, the clinical effect is poor, and the wide application is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system and a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring method for human knee joint replacement surgery, which can solve the problem of balancing the pressure inside and outside the knee joint during the knee joint replacement surgery, and provide references for the amount of bone osteotomy of the femoral part and the size of prosthesis implantation. The structure is simple, the cost is low, and the universality is strong; the measurement accuracy and the sensitivity are high, the operation is simple, the display information is rich, the operation of doctors can be greatly facilitated, the operation time is saved, the clinical operation efficiency is improved, and the bleeding amount of patients and the injury to the patients caused by the operation are obviously reduced.
In order to achieve the above objects, in one aspect, the present invention provides a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device for human knee joint replacement surgery, comprising a housing, a circuit board and a resistance strain gauge; wherein,
the shell is used for accommodating the circuit board and the resistance type strain gauge, and a stress surface is arranged on the shell and is a plane;
the circuit board comprises a power supply, a microprocessor, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a wireless communication module;
the resistance strain gauge is electrically connected with the circuit board and is positioned below the stress surface. A resistive strain gauge is a pressure sensor, which is a device that senses a pressure signal and converts the pressure signal into a usable output electrical signal according to a certain rule. When the resistance strain gauge is stressed, an output electric signal is transmitted to a microprocessor and/or an analog-digital converter on the circuit board for processing.
Further, the shell comprises a first shell and a second shell, and the force bearing surface is located on the upper surface of the first shell.
Further, the stress surface still includes left stress surface and right stress surface, and left stress surface and right stress surface have three stress column respectively, and the stress column is located the one end of cantilever beam, and when the stress column received pressure, the cantilever beam took place deformation to conduct pressure to the resistance-type strainometer that is located the stress column below.
Furthermore, the deformation angle range of the resistance type strain gauge is +/-3.6 degrees, and the sensitivity is 2.0-2.2.
Further, the triangle formed by the three force-bearing columns on the left force-bearing face or the right force-bearing face is an obtuse triangle, the largest angle of the three angles of the obtuse triangle is α, 90 ° < α <110 °, preferably 95 ° < α <105 °, more preferably 100 °, the smallest angle of the three angles is γ, and 15 ° < γ <35 °, preferably 20 ° < γ <30 °, more preferably 25 °, correspondingly, the other angle of the three angles is β, 45 ° < β <65 °, preferably 50 ° < β <60 °, more preferably 55 °, the side opposite the largest angle α extends substantially along the direction of the symmetry axis of the housing, specifically, the side opposite the largest angle α forms an angle of 0-5 ° with the symmetry axis of the housing.
Furthermore, the length of the cantilever beam is 0.5-2 cm, the longitudinal section of the cantilever beam along the length direction is trapezoidal, and one end of the cantilever beam close to the stress column is thinner, so that the cantilever beam is deformed when being stressed; and the cantilever beam is thicker at the end far away from the stress column so as to ensure that the cantilever beam has enough strength. The pressure displacement of the cantilever beam at the stress column is 0.004-0.006 mm/N, preferably 0.005mm/N, namely when the stress column is subjected to 100N pressure, the displacement in the vertical direction is 0.5 mm.
Furthermore, the power supply is electrically connected with electronic equipment such as a microprocessor, an analog-to-digital converter, a wireless communication module and the like on the circuit board and supplies power to the electronic equipment. The power source may be a button cell, a dry cell or a rechargeable lithium cell, preferably a button cell.
Further, the microprocessor is an embedded programmable controller, such as FPGA, CP L D, a single chip, etc., which is used to analyze and process data and control other modules on the circuit board.
Further, the wireless communication module is a Bluetooth, WiFi or Zig-Bee communication module, and preferably a Bluetooth module.
Further, the circuit board also comprises a power switch. Preferably, the power switch is a magnetic attraction type switch.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system for human knee joint replacement surgery, which further comprises a holder in addition to the above knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device.
Further, the holder includes a blade and a handle. The supporting plate is provided with a limiting column which can be matched with a limiting hole on the shell, so that the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device can be rapidly installed on the supporting plate of the holder. The handle is provided with lines to increase friction force and facilitate holding.
Further, the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system for the human knee joint replacement surgery further comprises a knee joint clearance evaluating block for evaluating the size of the knee joint clearance of the patient. The knee joint clearance assessment block can be a plurality of, each with different thickness specifications, such as 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 10mm, etc., and can be used in place of or in combination with each other to accommodate different patient knee joint clearance sizes. The uppermost clearance assessment piece (i.e., the clearance assessment piece that contacts the femur) may also be designed as an arcuate surface with various specifications of different shapes to accommodate different patient femur shapes. The gap knee joint gap evaluation block can also be designed in a split mode, namely, the gap knee joint gap evaluation block is divided into a left unilateral knee joint gap evaluation block and a right unilateral knee joint gap evaluation block, and the two evaluation blocks can respectively have different thickness specifications.
Furthermore, the lower surface of the knee joint clearance evaluation block is provided with a groove corresponding to the stress column of the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, and the groove is used for fixing the knee joint clearance evaluation block above the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, transmitting the pressure of the knee joint soft tissue on the knee joint clearance evaluation block to the stress column and further transmitting the pressure to the resistance type strain gauge positioned below the stress column.
Furthermore, the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system for the human knee joint replacement surgery further comprises a wireless receiving module, a data processing module and a display module.
Furthermore, the data receiving module, the data processing module and the display module are integrated in an intelligent terminal, for example, an integrated electronic device with data receiving, processing and displaying functions, such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer or a smart phone.
In a typical example of measuring the soft tissue pressure of the knee joint of a patient undergoing a knee joint replacement surgery by using the soft tissue pressure measuring system of the knee joint of the present invention, the soft tissue pressure measuring device of the knee joint, the knee joint gap evaluation block and the holder are assembled together and placed on the tibial plateau of the patient after osteotomy; the knee joint is moved according to a flexion and extension mode, the pressure sensor is subjected to pressure applied to the knee joint by human thighbone in the movement process, the pressure sensor converts pressure change into an electric signal, the electric signal is amplified through a front-end signal processing circuit, then is converted into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter, then is sent to an embedded microprocessor through an SPI communication interface for analysis, processing and control, then the processed signal is transmitted through a high-performance Bluetooth module, and result display and man-machine interaction are carried out in interaction software of a tablet computer. The doctor then carries out the thighbone osteotomy or the soft tissue is loosened according to the pressure numerical value that shows, cooperates corresponding instrument, accomplishes the pressure balance in the knee joint replacement operation.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for measuring knee joint pressure using the above system for measuring knee joint soft tissue pressure, comprising the steps of:
A. carrying out initialization calibration on the knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system:
(1) establishing communication between the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device and the intelligent terminal;
(2) the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device and the knee joint clearance evaluating block are combined and then placed on a push-pull dynamometer platform;
(3) aligning the pressure head of the push-pull dynamometer at the middle position of the knee joint clearance evaluation block on one side (such as the left side), and collecting different measured AD values (F) and actual pressure values (x) under different pressures (such as a first pressure, a second pressure and a third pressure); aligning the pressure head of the push-pull dynamometer to the middle position of the knee joint clearance evaluation block on the other side (such as the right side), and collecting different measured AD values (F) and actual pressure values (x) under different pressures (such as a first pressure, a second pressure and a third pressure);
(4) fitting the measured values at each pressure point by using a linear formula F (Ax + B), and solving an A value and a B value corresponding to each pressure point to obtain the linear formula F (Ax + B) after each pressure point is calibrated;
B. performing pressure measurements using the knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system:
(a) assembling the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, the knee joint clearance evaluating block and the holder together, and placing the assembled device on a tibial plateau of a patient after osteotomy; according to the gap between the femur and the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, if the thickness of the knee joint gap evaluation block is not proper, the knee joint gap evaluation blocks with different thicknesses are replaced until the proper thickness of the knee joint gap evaluation block is reached;
(b) the knee joint is moved in a flexion and extension mode, and AD values (F) measured by six pressure points are collected in real time in the movement process;
(c) respectively substituting the measured AD values into a linear formula F which is obtained by calibrating six pressure points and is equal to Ax + B to obtain a pressure value (x) borne by each pressure point;
(d) respectively calculating the weighted average value of the abscissa and the weighted average value of the ordinate of the three pressure points by taking the pressure values borne by the three pressure points on the same single side as weights, and obtaining the abscissa value and the ordinate value of the gravity center position of the single side; the resultant force borne by the gravity center point is the sum of the pressure values borne by the three pressure points;
(e) and displaying the real-time pressure value of each pressure point, the real-time position of the gravity center point and the resultant force applied to the gravity center point on the intelligent terminal, and recording the position of the gravity center point within a period of time to form a pressure running track.
In the operation process, a doctor can select to cut the femur or loosen the nearby soft tissue through the corresponding bone cutting tool according to the pressure conditions of the inner side and the outer side (namely the left side and the right side) of the knee joint displayed by the intelligent terminal until the pressure balance of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint is achieved.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are at least reflected in the following aspects:
(1) the pressure sensor in the prior art mostly adopts a film sensor, so that the precision is low, the circuit design is complex, and the cost is high; the pressure sensor of the invention adopts the resistance strain gauge, has high precision, simple circuit design and mechanical structure, high integration level, small volume and low cost, and can be made into disposable products to avoid repeated use, thereby being safer.
(2) In the prior art, if three or more pressure sensors are used, it is usually preferred to arrange the sensors in a symmetrical shape, such as an equilateral or isosceles triangle, in order to achieve a larger pressure measurement area; the invention creatively arranges the three resistance strain gauges (namely the stress columns) into a special asymmetric obtuse triangle structure, and the arrangement mode reduces the pressure measurement area on the surface, but actually accords with the ergonomics and pressure distribution conditions of the knee joint, thereby increasing the effective pressure measurement area and leading the measurement result to be more effective, accurate and comprehensive.
(3) The stress surface of the shell in the prior art usually adopts an inwards concave cambered surface to conform to the shape of the femur of a patient, but the shapes of the femurs of different patients also have individual differences; the invention designs the shell stress surface of the device (disposable product) as a plane, and designs the gap evaluation block (which can be used repeatedly) on the uppermost layer as an arc surface, so that on one hand, the device has simple structure, easy processing, low cost and stronger universal property; on the other hand, the femur head can also adapt to the shapes of femurs of different patients, and personalized requirements are considered.
(4) The invention can simultaneously display the pressure, the pressure distribution condition and the pressure running track, and respectively display the pressure in different colors according to the different pressures, so that the information is rich, the visualization degree is high, and the operation of a doctor is greatly facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, the knee joint gap estimating block and the holder of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in an assembled state;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a device for measuring soft tissue pressure in a knee joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the soft tissue pressure measurement device of the knee joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front and rear view of a first housing of a knee soft tissue pressure measurement device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cantilever beam structure of the soft tissue pressure measurement device for knee joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the uppermost knee joint space assessment block according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a knee joint space assessment block according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front and rear view of the knee joint gap assessment block of FIG. 7 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a holder according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an interface diagram of the knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system application program displayed on the intelligent terminal according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate the present invention in detail, and the following examples are given to illustrate the detailed embodiments and specific procedures of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in FIGS. 1-9, in a preferred embodiment, the knee soft tissue pressure measuring device 1 for human knee replacement surgery of the present invention comprises housings 11, 12, a circuit board 15 and a resistive strain gauge 14; the housings 11 and 12 are used for accommodating a circuit board 15 and a resistance strain gauge 14, the housings 11 and 12 include a first housing 11 and a second housing 12, an upper surface of the first housing 11 has a force bearing surface 13, and the force bearing surface 13 is a plane.
The circuit board 15 comprises a power supply, a microprocessor, an analog-to-digital converter and a wireless communication module, wherein the power supply is electrically connected with and supplies power to electronic equipment such as the microprocessor, the analog-to-digital converter and the wireless communication module on the circuit board 15, the power supply is a button cell, the size of the circuit board 15 is reduced, the circuit integration level is high, and therefore the miniaturization and low power consumption of the measuring system are achieved.
The resistance type strain gauge 14 is electrically connected with the circuit board 15 and is positioned below the stress surface 13, the deformation angle range of the resistance type strain gauge 14 is +/-3.6 degrees, and the sensitivity is 2.0-2.2.
The force-bearing surface 13 includes a left force-bearing surface and a right force-bearing surface, the left force-bearing surface and the right force-bearing surface respectively have three force-bearing columns 132, the force-bearing columns 132 are located at one ends of the cantilever beams 131, and when the force-bearing columns 132 bear pressure, the cantilever beams 131 deform, so that the pressure is conducted to the resistance-type strain gauges 14 located below the force-bearing columns 132.
As shown in fig. 4, the triangles △ ABC, △ DEF formed by the three force posts A, B, C or D, E, F on the same force-bearing surface 13 are obtuse triangles, the maximum angle α of the three corners of the obtuse triangle being 100 °, the minimum angle γ of the three corners being 25 °, the other corner β of the three corners being 55 °, the sides BC, EF subtended by the maximum angle α extending substantially along the axis of symmetry of the housing, this particular asymmetric obtuse triangle arrangement, although reducing the pressure measurement area apparently, is in fact more in line with the ergonomics and pressure subdivision of the knee joint, and therefore increases the effective pressure measurement area instead, making the measurement more effective, accurate and comprehensive if, as is usual in the art, the three force posts are arranged as symmetrical isosceles △ a 'BC, although the area of △ a' BC is greater than the area of △ ABC (i.e. the area of △ a 'BG' is greater than the area of △ acbg), it has been found surprisingly that the sensitivity of this particular arrangement is greater than that the area of the equivalent BG 3 BG of the particular pressure measurement area of the equivalent BG-bearing arrangement, which is more sensitive than the equivalent BG-sensitive, and thus the sensitivity of the particular BG-based arrangement of this invention, which has been found that the pressure measurement area of this invention, which has been found to be more sensitive.
As shown in FIG. 5, the length L of the cantilever beam 131 is 0.5-2 cm, the longitudinal section of the cantilever beam 131 along its length direction is trapezoidal, which is thinner at the end near the force-bearing column 132 so that the cantilever beam 131 deforms S when receiving a pressure f, and thicker at the end far from the force-bearing column 132 so as to ensure that the cantilever beam 131 has sufficient strength, the displacement of the cantilever beam 131 at the force-bearing column 132 is 0.005mm/N, i.e. when the force-bearing column 132 receives a pressure f of 100N, the displacement S in the vertical direction is 0.5 mm.
The knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system for the human knee joint replacement surgery of the invention comprises a holder 2 in addition to the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device 1. The holder 2 comprises a support plate 21 and a handle 22. The supporting plate 21 is provided with a limiting column 23 which can be matched with the limiting hole 16 on the first shell 11, so that the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device 2 can be quickly installed on the supporting plate 21 of the holder 2. The handle 22 is textured to increase friction for ease of handling.
The knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system for the human knee joint replacement surgery further comprises a knee joint clearance evaluating block 3 for evaluating the size of the knee joint clearance of a patient. The knee joint gap evaluation block 3 may be a plurality of pieces each having a different thickness specification, e.g., 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 10mm, etc., which may be used in place of or in combination with each other to accommodate different patient knee joint gap sizes. As shown in FIG. 6, in a preferred embodiment, the uppermost clearance evaluation block 3 may also be designed as an arc-shaped surface with various specifications of different shapes to accommodate different patient femur shapes. The knee joint clearance evaluation block 3 may also be of a split design (not shown), i.e. divided into a left and a right unilateral knee joint clearance evaluation block, which may have different thickness specifications, respectively.
The lower surface of the knee joint clearance evaluation block 3 is provided with a groove 33 corresponding to the stress column 132 of the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device 1, and the groove is used for fixing the knee joint clearance evaluation block 3 above the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device 1 and transmitting the pressure of the knee joint soft tissue on the knee joint clearance evaluation block 3 to the stress column 132 and further to the resistance type strain gauge 14 positioned below the stress column. The left and right sides 31, 32 of the knee joint clearance evaluation block 3 are respectively provided with a positioning hole 34 for connecting with other knee joint clearance evaluation blocks 3 for combined use so as to adapt to the conditions of different patients.
The knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system for the human knee joint replacement surgery further comprises a wireless receiving module, a data processing module and a display module. The data receiving module, the data processing module and the display module are integrated in an intelligent terminal, in this embodiment, the data receiving module is a tablet computer, and an application program interface of the tablet computer is as shown in fig. 9, so that pressure values borne by six pressure columns 132 in the measurement process, a real-time pressure position (gravity center position), a pressure track (gravity center track) in a period of time and a pressure combination value borne by a single side can be displayed in real time and displayed in different colors, therefore, the information is rich, the visualization degree is high, and the operation of doctors is greatly facilitated.
When the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system of the embodiment is used for measuring the knee joint soft tissue pressure of a patient in a human knee joint replacement operation, the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device 1, the knee joint clearance evaluation block 3 and the holder 2 are assembled together (as shown in fig. 1) and placed on a tibial plateau of the patient after osteotomy; the knee joint is moved according to a flexion and extension mode, the pressure sensor is subjected to pressure applied to the knee joint by human thighbone in the movement process, the pressure sensor converts pressure change into an electric signal, the electric signal is amplified through a front-end signal processing circuit, then is converted into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter, then is sent to an embedded microprocessor through an SPI communication interface for analysis, processing and control, then the processed signal is transmitted through a high-performance Bluetooth module, and result display and man-machine interaction are carried out in interaction software of a tablet computer. The doctor then carries out the thighbone osteotomy or the soft tissue is loosened according to the pressure numerical value that shows, cooperates corresponding instrument, accomplishes the pressure balance in the knee joint replacement operation.
The method for measuring the pressure of the knee joint by using the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system comprises the following steps:
A. carrying out initialization calibration on the knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system:
(1) establishing communication between the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device 1 and an intelligent terminal;
(2) the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device 1 and the knee joint clearance evaluating block 3 are combined and then placed on a push-pull dynamometer platform;
(3) aligning the pressure head of the push-pull dynamometer to the middle position of the left knee joint clearance evaluation block 31, and collecting different measured AD values (F) and actual pressure values (x) under the pressure of 0N, 45N and 90N (namely the first pressure, the second pressure and the third pressure); aligning the pressure head of the push-pull dynamometer to the middle position of the right knee joint clearance evaluation block 32, and collecting different measured AD values (F) and actual pressure values (x) under the pressures of 0N, 45N and 90N respectively;
(4) fitting the numerical value points measured at each pressure point in an F-x coordinate axis by using a linear formula F-Ax + B, solving an A value and a B value corresponding to each pressure point, and obtaining the linear formula F-Ax + B after each pressure point is calibrated;
B. performing pressure measurements using the knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system:
(a) assembling the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, the knee joint clearance evaluating block and the holder together, and placing the assembled device on a tibial plateau of a patient after osteotomy; according to the gap between the femur and the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, if the thickness of the knee joint gap evaluation block is not proper, the knee joint gap evaluation blocks with different thicknesses are replaced until the proper thickness of the knee joint gap evaluation block is reached;
(b) the knee joint is moved in a flexion and extension mode, and AD values (F) measured by six pressure points are collected in real time in the movement process;
(c) respectively substituting the measured AD values into a linear formula F which is obtained by calibrating six pressure points and is equal to Ax + B to obtain a pressure value (x) borne by each pressure point;
(d) respectively calculating the weighted average value of the abscissa and the weighted average value of the ordinate of the three pressure points by taking the pressure values borne by the three pressure points on the same single side as weights, and obtaining the abscissa value and the ordinate value of the gravity center position of the single side; the resultant force borne by the gravity center point is the sum of the pressure values borne by the three pressure points;
(e) and displaying the real-time pressure value of each pressure point, the real-time position of the gravity center point and the resultant force applied to the gravity center point on the intelligent terminal, and recording the position of the gravity center point within a period of time to form a pressure running track.
In the operation process, a doctor can select to cut the femur or loosen the nearby soft tissue through the corresponding bone cutting tool according to the pressure conditions of the inner side and the outer side (namely the left side and the right side) of the knee joint displayed by the intelligent terminal until the pressure balance of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint is achieved.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device for human knee joint replacement surgery is characterized by comprising a shell, a circuit board and a resistance type strain gauge; wherein,
the shell is used for accommodating the circuit board and the resistance type strain gauge, and a stress surface is arranged on the shell and is a plane;
the circuit board comprises a power supply, a microprocessor, an analog-to-digital converter and a wireless communication module;
the resistance type strain gauge is electrically connected with the circuit board and is positioned below the stress surface.
2. The knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement device of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a first housing and a second housing, the force bearing surface being located on an upper surface of the first housing; the stress surface comprises a left stress surface and a right stress surface, the left stress surface and the right stress surface are respectively provided with three stress columns, the stress columns are located at one ends of cantilever beams, and when the stress columns bear pressure, the cantilever beams deform so as to conduct the pressure to the resistance-type strain gauges located below the stress columns.
3. The knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement device according to claim 2, wherein the deformation angle range of the resistance type strain gauge is ± 3.6 degrees, and the sensitivity is 2.0-2.2.
4. The knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement device according to claim 2, wherein the triangle formed by the three force-bearing columns on the left force-bearing surface or the right force-bearing surface is an obtuse triangle, the largest angle of the three angles of the obtuse triangle is α, 90 degrees < α <110 degrees, the smallest angle of the three angles is gamma, 15 degrees < gamma <35 degrees, the other angle of the three angles is β, and 45 degrees < β <65 degrees, and the side opposite to the largest angle α extends approximately along the symmetry axis of the shell.
5. The device for measuring the soft tissue pressure of the knee joint as claimed in claim 2, wherein the length of the cantilever beam is 0.5-2 cm, and the pressure displacement of the cantilever beam at the stress column is 0.004-0.006 mm/N.
6. A knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system for human knee joint replacement surgery is characterized in that,
the knee soft tissue pressure measurement system comprises the knee soft tissue pressure measurement device of claim 2;
the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system also comprises a holder and a knee joint clearance evaluating block;
the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system further comprises a wireless receiving module, a data processing module and a display module.
7. The knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system of claim 6, wherein the holder comprises a plate and a handle; the supporting plate is provided with a limiting column which can be matched with a limiting hole on the shell; the handle is provided with grains.
8. The knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring system according to claim 6, wherein the lower surface of the knee joint gap evaluation block has a groove corresponding to the stress column of the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device for fixing the knee joint gap evaluation block above the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device and transmitting the pressure of the knee joint soft tissue on the knee joint gap evaluation block to the stress column and further to the resistive strain gauge located therebelow.
9. The knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system according to claim 6, wherein the data receiving module, the data processing module and the display module are integrated into an integrated intelligent terminal with data receiving, processing and displaying functions.
10. A method of measuring knee joint pressure using the knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system of claim 9, comprising the steps of:
A. performing initial calibration on the knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system:
(1) establishing communication between the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device and the intelligent terminal;
(2) the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device and the knee joint clearance evaluating block are combined and then placed on a push-pull dynamometer platform;
(3) aligning a pressure head of a push-pull dynamometer to the middle position of one side of the knee joint clearance evaluation block, and collecting measured values under different first pressure, second pressure and third pressure; aligning the pressure head of the push-pull dynamometer to the middle position of the other side of the knee joint clearance evaluation block, and collecting different AD values (F) and actual pressure values (x) of six pressure points measured under different first pressure, second pressure and third pressure;
(4) fitting the measured values at each pressure point by using a linear formula F (Ax + B), and solving an A value and a B value corresponding to each pressure point to obtain the linear formula F (Ax + B) after each pressure point is calibrated;
B. performing pressure measurements using the knee joint soft tissue pressure measurement system:
(a) assembling the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, the knee joint clearance evaluating block and the holder together, and placing the assembled device on a tibial plateau of a patient after osteotomy; according to the gap between the femur and the knee joint soft tissue pressure measuring device, if the thickness of the knee joint gap evaluation block is not proper, the knee joint gap evaluation blocks with different thicknesses are replaced until the proper thickness of the knee joint gap evaluation block is reached;
(b) the knee joint is moved in a flexion and extension mode, and AD values (F) measured by six pressure points are collected in real time in the movement process;
(c) respectively substituting the measured AD values into a linear formula F which is obtained by calibrating six pressure points and is equal to Ax + B to obtain a pressure value (x) borne by each pressure point;
(d) respectively calculating the weighted average value of the abscissa and the weighted average value of the ordinate of the three pressure points by taking the pressure values borne by the three pressure points on the same single side as weights, and obtaining the abscissa value and the ordinate value of the gravity center position of the single side; the resultant force borne by the gravity center point is the sum of the pressure values borne by the three pressure points;
(e) and displaying the real-time pressure value of each pressure point, the real-time position of the gravity center point and the resultant force applied to the gravity center point on the intelligent terminal, and recording the position of the gravity center point within a period of time to form a pressure running track.
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