CN111363899A - Underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforced laser modified layer device and method - Google Patents
Underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforced laser modified layer device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111363899A CN111363899A CN202010305769.XA CN202010305769A CN111363899A CN 111363899 A CN111363899 A CN 111363899A CN 202010305769 A CN202010305769 A CN 202010305769A CN 111363899 A CN111363899 A CN 111363899A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforced laser modified layer device and method. The device comprises a drainage cover, a three-dimensional movement mechanism and a composite processing mechanism; the composite processing mechanism comprises a laser processing mechanism and an ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism; the laser processing mechanism is integrated with a plurality of laser processing modes, and a corresponding laser modification layer is formed on a surface to be processed by selecting any one of the laser processing modes; the hydraulic pressing mechanism can apply the corresponding feed amount to the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism through the hydraulic push rod according to the laser processing mode selected by the laser processing mechanism, and the pressing force between the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism and the surface to be processed is adjusted. The three-dimensional motion mechanism drives the composite processing mechanism to move, so that the laser processing mechanism forms a laser modified layer and the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism performs ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforcement on the laser modified layer. Therefore, the invention has wide application range and convenient application, obviously improves the efficiency and reduces the maintenance and replacement cost of ocean engineering equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser processing, in particular to an underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforced laser modified layer device and method, which are particularly suitable for surface modification of underwater metal material workpieces.
Background
China is a country with abundant marine oil and gas resources, has abundant oil and gas resources in the south China sea and the east China sea, and has more than 180 oil and gas fields only in the south China sea. The ocean oil and gas resources are vigorously developed, so that the current situation that the petroleum supply depends on import for a long time is relieved, and the national petroleum strategic safety is ensured. The development of ocean oil and gas resources needs a great amount of high-strength steel suitable for being used in ocean environment, along with the continuous implementation of 'deep water strategy' of China ocean oil industry, the demand of ocean resource development on the high-strength steel must be continuously expanded, and in addition, the offshore environment is more severe and complex than the offshore environment, and the problem of service safety in severe ocean environment must be increasingly highlighted. In addition to the harsh and complex environment of high salt and high humidity, the ocean engineering structure is often repeatedly acted by environmental loads such as sea wind, sea waves, sea currents and the like and dynamic operation loads, and continuously changing stress is generated in the structure. In the process of exploration and development of marine oil and gas resources, corrosion, particularly corrosion fatigue, is a main reason for causing a malignant damage accident of a marine oil engineering structure and shortening the service life, and the marine engineering structure completely has environmental factors and mechanical factors for generating corrosion fatigue damage.
The corrosion fatigue cracking or breaking of the ocean engineering equipment mainly occurs on the surface of a workpiece, and the modification of the surface is an important way for improving the corrosion fatigue resistance of the ocean engineering equipment. The laser surface modification technology is a surface treatment technology at the present comparative front, and mainly comprises a laser melting technology, a laser surface alloying technology, a laser quenching technology and the like. The laser melting technology is characterized in that interaction between short-wave high-frequency laser and a metal surface is utilized, the surface of a material is locally melted, the laser is rapidly removed, and the remelted metal is rapidly cooled through heat absorption and conduction of a material matrix, so that the original structure of the material is changed. The laser phase transformation hardening technology is a process that the temperature of a surface layer is lower than a melting point in a strengthening process, and martensite is generated through solid phase transformation to strengthen. In the two processes, a plurality of mechanisms such as solid solution strengthening, fine crystal strengthening, dislocation strengthening and the like act on the surface of the material together to realize the surface strengthening of the metal material, so that the surface hardness, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the tempering stability of the metal material can be obviously improved, and the surface defect repair of the metal material can be carried out to a certain extent. The laser surface alloying technology is to clad an alloy modified layer with a certain thickness on the surface, thereby improving the surface performance. The surface strengthening of the ocean engineering member by utilizing the laser modification technology faces some technical bottlenecks, for example, in the process of fusing and modifying the laser surface, due to the melt backflow effect, the surface of a laser surface modification area is easy to form ripples or wrinkles, the surface has higher residual tensile stress, the lapping process can cause tempering softening and the like, in addition, microcracks, air holes, slag inclusion and unfused caused by laser are easy to become sources of corrosion fatigue cracks, and the improvement of the fatigue toughness of the ocean member is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ strengthening laser modified layer device and method, aiming at the current situation that corrosion microcracks are frequently generated on the surface of a metal material of current ocean engineering equipment, even corrosion fatigue is generated, and surface strengthening is urgently needed. The device is adapted to the requirement of ocean severe service environment where ocean engineering equipment is located, an ultrasonic frequency micro-forging technology is adopted underwater, and a suitable laser surface modification technology is combined in situ, so that the structure and the mechanical property of the surface layer of a metal material of the ocean engineering equipment are improved, the sensitivity of corrosion fatigue cracks is reduced, and the service life of the ocean engineering equipment is prolonged.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforced laser modified layer device comprises a drainage cover, a three-dimensional movement mechanism and a composite processing mechanism; wherein:
the drainage cover is a cavity member with a closed upper end and an opened lower end, the opened end of the drainage cover is provided with a drainage skirt edge, and the closed end is respectively provided with an air inlet and a shielding gas inlet;
the three-dimensional motion mechanism is suspended and supported in the drainage cover;
the composite processing mechanism is arranged in the drainage cover and positioned below the three-dimensional driving mechanism, and comprises a laser processing mechanism and an ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism;
the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism is connected with a hydraulic push rod of the hydraulic pressing mechanism, and can do lifting motion relative to a surface to be processed in the drainage cover under the action of the hydraulic push rod;
the power output end of the three-dimensional motion mechanism is respectively connected with the laser processing mechanism and the hydraulic pressing mechanism through a transition connecting plate;
the laser processing mechanism is integrated with more than two laser processing modes; the laser processing mechanism forms a corresponding laser modification layer on a surface to be processed by selecting any laser processing mode;
the hydraulic pressing mechanism can apply corresponding feeding amount to the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism through the hydraulic push rod according to the laser processing mode selected by the laser processing mechanism, and adjust pressing force between the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism and a surface to be processed;
the three-dimensional motion mechanism drives the composite processing mechanism to move according to the planned scanning path, so that the laser processing mechanism forms a laser modified layer on the surface to be processed, and the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism performs ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforcement on the laser modified layer.
Furthermore, the laser processing mechanism comprises an optical fiber, a laser processing head connecting block, a laser processing head, a protective glass sealing module and an infrared thermometer;
the upper end of the laser processing head is provided with an optical fiber, the lower end of the laser processing head is provided with a protective lens sealing module, and the side part of the laser processing head is fixedly connected with the transition connecting plate through a laser processing head connecting block;
the infrared thermometer is arranged on the protective mirror sealing module and can sense the temperature of a laser modification layer formed on the surface to be processed by the laser processing head.
Furthermore, the protective glass sealing module comprises a metal shell and a lens hermetically connected in the metal shell through a sealant; the thickness of the lens is 15-20 mm.
Furthermore, the laser processing mechanism is integrated with three laser processing modes, namely a laser melting processing mode, a laser quenching processing mode and a laser surface alloying processing mode.
Furthermore, the three-dimensional motion mechanism comprises an X-axis motion module, a Y-axis motion module and a Z-axis motion module;
the X-axis motion module is arranged through a cross beam supported by the inner wall of the drainage cover;
the Y-axis motion module is connected with the power output end of the X-axis motion module;
the Z-axis motion module is connected with the power output end of the Y-axis motion module; and the power output end of the Z-axis motion module is respectively connected with the laser processing mechanism and the hydraulic pressing mechanism through the transition connecting plate.
Furthermore, the hydraulic pressing mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder is fixed with the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism through a hydraulic push rod.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism comprises an ultrasonic transducer, an amplitude transformer, a roller connecting block and a roller;
the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the roller connecting block through the amplitude transformer, and the roller is arranged on the roller connecting block;
the outer part of the ultrasonic transducer is provided with a shell, and the shell is connected with the hydraulic push rod through a shell connecting plate.
A method for in-situ strengthening of a laser modified layer device based on underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that a drainage cover is placed into a designated sea area by using a traction device, the drainage cover is moved to a designated working area, high-speed air is filled into the drainage cover through an air inlet all the time in the process of launching the drainage cover, and a local dry area is formed underwater;
step 2: the laser processing mechanism is moved to a specified height through the three-dimensional movement mechanism, different laser processing modes are selected through the laser processing mechanism according to different working area requirements to carry out laser surface modification processing on the surface of a specified metal workpiece, then a shielding gas inlet is opened, and when the shielding gas in the drainage cover reaches specified flow and pressure, the air inlet is closed;
step 2.1: when a laser fusing processing mode is selected, planning a laser processing motion track according to a laser fusing process database integrated in a laser processing mechanism, and performing surface laser fusing modification treatment on the surface of a specified metal workpiece by using a laser processing head; when the laser processing head works, a hydraulic push rod of a hydraulic pressing mechanism is driven, and then a roller of the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism moves downwards until the roller is pressed on the surface of a metal workpiece to reach a preset pressing force; after the surface of the metal workpiece is subjected to laser melting processing under the action of a laser processing head to form a laser melting modified layer, immediately performing ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ treatment on the formed laser melting modified layer by using a roller until the composite strengthening work of a specified area is completed;
step 2.2: when a laser quenching processing mode is selected, planning a laser processing motion track according to a laser quenching process database integrated in a laser processing mechanism, and performing surface laser quenching modification treatment on the surface of a specified metal workpiece by using a laser processing head; when the laser processing head works, a hydraulic push rod of a hydraulic pressing mechanism is driven, and then a roller of the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism moves downwards until the roller is pressed on the surface of a metal workpiece to reach a preset pressing force; after the surface of the metal workpiece is subjected to laser quenching processing under the action of a laser processing head to form a laser quenching modified layer, immediately carrying out ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ treatment on the formed laser quenching modified layer by utilizing a roller until the composite strengthening work of a specified area is completed;
step 2.3: when a laser surface alloying processing mode is selected, planning a laser processing motion track according to a laser surface alloying process database integrated in a laser processing mechanism, and carrying out laser surface alloying modification treatment on the surface of a specified metal workpiece by using a laser processing head; when the laser processing head works, a hydraulic push rod of a hydraulic pressing mechanism is driven, and then a roller of the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism moves downwards until the roller is pressed on the surface of a metal workpiece to reach a preset pressing force; after the surface of the metal workpiece is subjected to laser surface alloying processing under the action of a laser processing head to form a laser surface alloying modification layer, immediately carrying out ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ treatment on the formed laser surface alloying modification layer by utilizing a roller until the composite strengthening work of a specified area is completed;
and step 3: after the composite strengthening process of the designated area is completed, the air inlet is opened, when the air reaches the designated flow and pressure, the protective gas inlet is closed, and finally the drainage cover is pulled out of the water surface by the traction device.
Further, the protective atmosphere flowing into the drain cover through the protective gas inlet port includes nitrogen, argon, or helium.
Further, in step 2.2, in the laser quenching process, the infrared thermometer is used for synchronously measuring the temperature of the laser processing position in real time, and feedback adjustment is carried out on the laser quenching process according to temperature measurement data, so that the temperature of the laser scanning area is controlled not to exceed the melting point of the metal material all the time in the laser quenching process.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides an underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ strengthening laser modified layer device integrated with multiple laser processing modes aiming at a complex and harsh service environment of marine equipment, so that different laser processing databases can be called according to requirements, corresponding laser modified layers are formed on the surfaces of different metal workpieces through specific laser processing modes, the laser modified layers are strengthened in situ through ultrasonic frequency micro-forging, a composite strengthened surface of a specified part is obtained, the tissue and mechanical properties of different surface layers of the metal workpieces are effectively improved, the sensitivity of corrosion fatigue cracks is reduced, and the service life of the engineering equipment in the harsh service environment of the marine equipment is prolonged. In addition, the invention has wide application range and more convenient application, obviously improves the working efficiency and reduces the maintenance and replacement cost of ocean engineering equipment.
2. The method can make up the defects of a single method, and can make the modified layer structure finer and more uniform, the residual compressive stress larger, the surface cracks and cavities of the workpiece and other defects restrained and the surface corrosion and fatigue resistance higher by combining ultrasonic frequency micro-forging and laser surface modification.
3. The invention can obviously improve the surface roughness after strengthening, can make the surface more compact through mechanical rolling, reduce the roughness level, reduce the workload of subsequent cutting processing, and has stronger service reliability of a workpiece after surface composite strengthening.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an underwater drain cover according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater ultrasonic micro-forging in-situ strengthening laser modification layer device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an underwater ultrasonic micro-forging mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an underwater laser processing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a single axis drive for the three-dimensional motion mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional movement mechanism in the drain cover of the present invention.
1. A drain cover; 2. an air inlet; 3. a shielding gas inlet; 4. a three-dimensional motion mechanism; 5. a Z-axis motion module; 6. a transition connecting plate; 7. a laser processing mechanism; 8. a hydraulic pressing mechanism; 9. an ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism; 10. a hydraulic cylinder; 11. a hydraulic push rod; 12. a housing connecting plate; 13. an ultrasonic transducer; 14. an amplitude transformer; 15. a roller connecting block; 16. a roller; 17. an optical fiber; 18. a laser processing head connecting block; 19. a laser processing head; 20. a protective lens sealing module; 21. An infrared thermometer; 22. a lead screw; 23. a feed screw nut; 24. a coupling; 25. a servo motor; 26. an X-axis motion module; 27. and a Y-axis motion module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The relative arrangement of the components and steps, expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be oriented in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations).
Example 1:
an underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ strengthening laser modified layer device comprises a drainage cover 1, a three-dimensional movement mechanism 4, a laser processing mechanism 7, a hydraulic pressing mechanism 8 and an ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism 9. Two air inlets, namely an air inlet 2 and a shielding gas inlet 3, are arranged at the upper part of the drainage cover 1. The air inlet 2 is mainly used for putting the drainage cover 1 in an underwater process, and protects the internal structure of the drainage cover 1 by removing seawater, and the protective gas inlet 3 provides protective atmosphere for the laser processing process.
The three-dimensional motion mechanism 4 comprises an X-axis motion module 26, a Y-axis motion module 27 and a Z-axis motion module 5. As shown in fig. 5, the X-axis motion module 26, the Y-axis motion module 27, and the Z-axis motion module 5 are all single-axis driving devices, and include a lead screw 22, a lead screw nut 23, a coupler 24, and a servo motor 25. As shown in fig. 6, the X-axis motion module 26 is installed at the upper end inside the drainage cover 1, the Y-axis motion module 27 is installed on the X-axis motion module 26, the Z-axis motion module 5 is installed on the Y-axis motion module 27, the transition connection plate 6 is installed on the Z-axis motion module 5, and the laser processing mechanism 7, the hydraulic pressing mechanism 8 and the ultrasonic frequency micro-vibration mechanism 9 are driven to move through the transition connection plate 6.
The laser processing mechanism 7 comprises an optical fiber 17, a laser processing head connecting block 18, a laser processing head 19, a protective glass sealing module 20 and an infrared thermometer 21. The laser processing head 19 is used for performing underwater laser fusion, laser quenching, and laser surface alloying processing. The protective mirror sealing module 20 is used for resisting water flow to impact the interior of the laser processing head 19 when the drainage of the drainage cover 1 fails. The protective glass sealing module 20 is arranged at the lower part of the laser processing head 19 and comprises a metal shell and a lens which is connected in the metal shell in a sealing mode through sealant; the thickness of the lens is 15-20 mm. An infrared thermometer 21 is also arranged at the lower part of the laser processing head 19 to perform real-time temperature measurement feedback on the laser processing process. The optical fiber 17 is arranged on the upper portion of the laser processing head 19, the laser processing head 19 is fixedly connected with the transition connecting plate 6 through the laser processing head connecting block 18, the transition connecting plate 6 is arranged on the Z-axis movement module 5, and the laser processing mechanism 7 can be driven to carry out laser processing according to the movement track when the three-dimensional movement mechanism 4 moves.
The laser processing mechanism 7 is integrated with more than two laser processing modes; the laser processing mechanism selects any laser processing mode to form a corresponding laser modification layer on the surface to be processed. In this embodiment, the laser processing mechanism is integrated with three laser processing modes, which are a laser fusing processing mode, a laser quenching processing mode, and a laser surface alloying processing mode.
The hydraulic pressing mechanism 8 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 10 and a hydraulic push rod 11 and is used for providing pressing pressure control for the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism 9 and realizing mechanical rolling of the metal surface in an underwater local dry area. The hydraulic pressing mechanism 8 applies different pressing pressures to the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism according to different laser processing modes provided by the laser processing mechanism 7, so that the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism performs mechanical rolling processing of different degrees on laser modified layers formed under different laser processing modes, and finally obtains a composite modified layer meeting the requirements.
The ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism 9 comprises a shell connecting plate 12, an ultrasonic transducer 13, an amplitude transformer 14, a roller connecting block 15 and a roller 16. The ultrasonic transducer 13 is used for converting electric energy into ultrasonic waves, the horn 14 is used for amplifying the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer 13, the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer 13 are converted into vibration amplitude of the horn 14, and the roller connecting block 15 is used for converting the amplitude of the horn 14 into ultrasonic vibration of the roller 16. The lower part of the ultrasonic transducer 13 is connected with an amplitude transformer 14, the lower end of the amplitude transformer 14 is connected with a roller connecting block 15, and a roller 16 is arranged in the roller connecting block 15. The outer portion of the ultrasonic transducer 13 is provided with a shell, the shell is connected with the hydraulic push rod 11 through the shell connecting plate 12, and the hydraulic cylinder 12 is installed on the transition connecting plate 6, so that the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism 8 and the Z-axis movement module 5 move together, and after laser processing is completed, in-situ ultrasonic vibration mechanical rolling processing is carried out on the metal surface according to an appointed movement track.
Example 2:
when the laser processing mechanism selects a laser fusing processing mode, the invention can provide an underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforced laser fusing composite modification process, and the implementation process of the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) the drainage cover 1 is thrown into a designated sea area by using a traction device, the drainage cover 1 is moved to a designated working area, and then the drainage cover 1 covers the surface area of the underwater metal member. In the process of launching the drainage cover 1, high-speed air is always filled into the drainage cover 1 through the air inlet 2, and the water in the drainage cover 1 is drained by utilizing air flow, so that a local dry area is formed under water.
(2) And the laser processing mechanism 7 is moved to a specified height through the three-dimensional movement mechanism 4, and a laser fusing process database is selected according to different processing modes to plan a laser processing movement track. And (3) opening the protective gas inlet 3, and closing the air inlet 2 when the protective gas in the drainage cover 1 reaches the specified flow and pressure.
(3) And introducing a protective atmosphere into the protective gas inlet 3, wherein the used protective atmosphere comprises nitrogen, argon, helium and the like. The specified metal material is subjected to surface laser fusion modification treatment with the laser processing head 19 according to the laser fusion process database. And while the laser processing head 19 works, the hydraulic push rod 11 of the hydraulic pressing mechanism 8 is driven, and the roller 16 of the ultrasonic frequency micro forging mechanism 9 is further moved downwards until the roller is pressed on the surface of the metal material. Under the condition of certain ultrasonic frequency and pressure, the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism 9 and the laser processing mechanism 7 work synchronously, and after the surface of the metal workpiece is subjected to laser melting, the surface of the metal workpiece is subjected to ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ treatment by using the roller 16, so that the composite strengthening work of the specified area is completed.
Example 3:
when the laser processing mechanism selects a laser quenching processing mode, the invention can provide an underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ strengthening laser quenching composite modification process, and for the underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ strengthening laser quenching composite modification, protective atmosphere is introduced into the protective gas inlet 3, and the used protective atmosphere comprises nitrogen, argon, helium and the like. According to a laser quenching process database, carrying out surface laser quenching modification treatment on a specified metal material, carrying out synchronous real-time temperature measurement on a laser processing position by using an infrared thermometer 21 in the processing process, and carrying out feedback adjustment on the laser processing process according to temperature measurement data so that the temperature of a laser scanning area is controlled not to exceed the melting point of the metal material all the time in the laser quenching process. During laser quenching processing, the roller of the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism 9 is pressed on the surface of a metal material through the hydraulic pressing mechanism 8, the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism 9 and the laser processing mechanism 7 work synchronously under the condition of certain ultrasonic frequency and pressure, and after the surface of a metal workpiece is subjected to laser quenching, the roller 16 is immediately used for carrying out ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ treatment on the surface of the metal workpiece, so that the composite strengthening work in a specified area is completed.
After the underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforced laser quenching composite modification process is completed, the laser processing mechanism 7 and the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism 9 are lifted to the highest position, then the air inlet 2 is opened, when the air reaches the specified flow and pressure, the protective air inlet 3 is closed, and finally the drainage cover 1 is pulled out of the water surface by using the traction device.
Example 4
When the laser processing mechanism selects a laser surface alloying processing mode, the invention can provide an underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforced laser surface alloying composite modification process, which comprises the following steps: and introducing a protective atmosphere into the protective gas inlet, wherein the used protective atmosphere comprises nitrogen, argon, helium and the like. And carrying out laser surface alloying modification treatment on the specified metal material according to the laser surface alloying process database. Before treatment, the configured alloy powder is conveyed into a laser processing head, and a strengthened cladding layer is formed on the surface of the underwater metal component by adopting a coaxial powder feeding mode. The method comprises the steps of pressing a roller of an ultrasonic frequency micro-forging system on the surface of a metal material through a hydraulic pressing system during laser surface alloying processing, enabling the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging system and the laser processing system to work synchronously under the condition of certain ultrasonic frequency and pressure, and immediately carrying out ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ treatment on the surface of a metal workpiece by using the roller after the surface of the metal workpiece is alloyed by laser, so that the composite strengthening work in a specified area is completed.
Claims (10)
1. An underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ strengthening laser modified layer device is characterized by comprising a drainage cover, a three-dimensional movement mechanism and a composite processing mechanism; wherein:
the drainage cover is a cavity member with a closed upper end and an opened lower end, the opened end of the drainage cover is provided with a drainage skirt edge, and the closed end is respectively provided with an air inlet and a shielding gas inlet;
the three-dimensional motion mechanism is suspended and supported in the drainage cover;
the composite processing mechanism is arranged in the drainage cover and positioned below the three-dimensional driving mechanism, and comprises a laser processing mechanism and an ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism;
the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism is connected with a hydraulic push rod of the hydraulic pressing mechanism, and can do lifting motion relative to a surface to be processed in the drainage cover under the action of the hydraulic push rod;
the power output end of the three-dimensional motion mechanism is respectively connected with the laser processing mechanism and the hydraulic pressing mechanism through a transition connecting plate;
the laser processing mechanism is integrated with more than two laser processing modes; the laser processing mechanism forms a corresponding laser modification layer on a surface to be processed by selecting any laser processing mode;
the hydraulic pressing mechanism can apply corresponding feeding amount to the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism through the hydraulic push rod according to the laser processing mode selected by the laser processing mechanism, and adjust pressing force between the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism and a surface to be processed;
the three-dimensional motion mechanism drives the composite processing mechanism to move according to the planned scanning path, so that the laser processing mechanism forms a laser modified layer on the surface to be processed, and the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism performs ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforcement on the laser modified layer.
2. The underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforced laser modification layer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser processing mechanism comprises an optical fiber, a laser processing head connecting block, a laser processing head, a protective mirror sealing module and an infrared thermometer;
the upper end of the laser processing head is provided with an optical fiber, the lower end of the laser processing head is provided with a protective lens sealing module, and the side part of the laser processing head is fixedly connected with the transition connecting plate through a laser processing head connecting block;
the infrared thermometer is arranged on the protective mirror sealing module and can sense the temperature of a laser modification layer formed on the surface to be processed by the laser processing head.
3. The underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforcement laser modification layer device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the protective mirror sealing module comprises a metal shell and a lens hermetically connected in the metal shell through a sealant; the thickness of the lens is 15-20 mm.
4. The underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ strengthening laser modified layer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser processing mechanism is integrated with three laser processing modes, namely a laser melting processing mode, a laser quenching processing mode and a laser surface alloying processing mode.
5. The underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforcement laser modification layer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional motion mechanism comprises an X-axis motion module, a Y-axis motion module and a Z-axis motion module;
the X-axis motion module is arranged through a cross beam supported by the inner wall of the drainage cover;
the Y-axis motion module is connected with the power output end of the X-axis motion module;
the Z-axis motion module is connected with the power output end of the Y-axis motion module; and the power output end of the Z-axis motion module is respectively connected with the laser processing mechanism and the hydraulic pressing mechanism through the transition connecting plate.
6. The underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforcement laser modification layer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pressing mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder is fixed with the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism through a hydraulic push rod.
7. The underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ reinforcement laser modification layer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a horn, a roller connecting block and a roller;
the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the roller connecting block through the amplitude transformer, and the roller is arranged on the roller connecting block;
the outer part of the ultrasonic transducer is provided with a shell, and the shell is connected with the hydraulic push rod through a shell connecting plate.
8. The method for underwater ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ strengthening of the laser modified layer device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that a drainage cover is placed into a designated sea area by using a traction device, the drainage cover is moved to a designated working area, high-speed air is filled into the drainage cover through an air inlet all the time in the process of launching the drainage cover, and a local dry area is formed underwater;
step 2: the laser processing mechanism is moved to a specified height through the three-dimensional movement mechanism, different laser processing modes are selected through the laser processing mechanism according to different working area requirements to carry out laser surface modification processing on the surface of a specified metal workpiece, then a shielding gas inlet is opened, and when the shielding gas in the drainage cover reaches specified flow and pressure, the air inlet is closed;
step 2.1: when a laser fusing processing mode is selected, planning a laser processing motion track according to a laser fusing process database integrated in a laser processing mechanism, and performing surface laser fusing modification treatment on the surface of a specified metal workpiece by using a laser processing head; when the laser processing head works, a hydraulic push rod of a hydraulic pressing mechanism is driven, and then a roller of the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism moves downwards until the roller is pressed on the surface of a metal workpiece to reach a preset pressing force; after the surface of the metal workpiece is subjected to laser melting processing under the action of a laser processing head to form a laser melting modified layer, immediately performing ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ treatment on the formed laser melting modified layer by using a roller until the composite strengthening work of a specified area is completed;
step 2.2: when a laser quenching processing mode is selected, planning a laser processing motion track according to a laser quenching process database integrated in a laser processing mechanism, and performing surface laser quenching modification treatment on the surface of a specified metal workpiece by using a laser processing head; when the laser processing head works, a hydraulic push rod of a hydraulic pressing mechanism is driven, and then a roller of the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism moves downwards until the roller is pressed on the surface of a metal workpiece to reach a preset pressing force; after the surface of the metal workpiece is subjected to laser quenching processing under the action of a laser processing head to form a laser quenching modified layer, immediately carrying out ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ treatment on the formed laser quenching modified layer by utilizing a roller until the composite strengthening work of a specified area is completed;
step 2.3: when a laser surface alloying processing mode is selected, planning a laser processing motion track according to a laser surface alloying process database integrated in a laser processing mechanism, and carrying out laser surface alloying modification treatment on the surface of a specified metal workpiece by using a laser processing head; when the laser processing head works, a hydraulic push rod of a hydraulic pressing mechanism is driven, and then a roller of the ultrasonic frequency micro-forging mechanism moves downwards until the roller is pressed on the surface of a metal workpiece to reach a preset pressing force; after the surface of the metal workpiece is subjected to laser surface alloying processing under the action of a laser processing head to form a laser surface alloying modification layer, immediately carrying out ultrasonic frequency micro-forging in-situ treatment on the formed laser surface alloying modification layer by utilizing a roller until the composite strengthening work of a specified area is completed;
and step 3: after the composite strengthening process of the designated area is completed, the air inlet is opened, when the air reaches the designated flow and pressure, the protective gas inlet is closed, and finally the drainage cover is pulled out of the water surface by the traction device.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the protective atmosphere flowing into the drain cover through the protective gas inlet comprises nitrogen, argon, or helium.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein in step 2.2, an infrared thermometer is used for synchronously measuring the temperature of the laser processing position in real time during the laser quenching processing, and feedback adjustment is carried out on the laser quenching processing technology according to temperature measurement data, so that the temperature of a laser scanning area is controlled not to exceed the melting point of the metal material all the time during the laser quenching processing.
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