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CN111361744A - Ventilation system for air supply along aircraft cabin passageway - Google Patents

Ventilation system for air supply along aircraft cabin passageway Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111361744A
CN111361744A CN202010168175.9A CN202010168175A CN111361744A CN 111361744 A CN111361744 A CN 111361744A CN 202010168175 A CN202010168175 A CN 202010168175A CN 111361744 A CN111361744 A CN 111361744A
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China
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air
cabin
air supply
seat
top plate
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CN202010168175.9A
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CN111361744B (en
Inventor
张腾飞
李星阳
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D13/00Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
    • B64D13/06Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D13/00Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
    • B64D13/06Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
    • B64D2013/0603Environmental Control Systems
    • B64D2013/0625Environmental Control Systems comprising means for distribution effusion of conditioned air in the cabin

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation system for supplying air along the aisle of an aircraft cabin. The air supply outlet is arranged on the top plate of the aisle of the cabin and the lower parts of the seats on two sides of the aisle, and the top air supply outlet is a pore plate or a louver air opening connected with the tail end of a top air supply pipe longitudinally arranged along the machine body; the air supply outlet at the lower part of the seat is in a strip shape, is connected with the air supply branch pipe at the lower part of the seat, and is arranged on the seat structural member next to the passageway along the direction of the machine body, and the air supply outlet is embedded with a shutter; the air outlets are arranged on the top plate close to the cabin walls on the two sides and the top plate of the cabin symmetry axis (suitable for a double-channel cabin); the ventilation system comprises three independent air supply modes of high-speed downward air supply of the top plate, low-speed downward air supply of the top plate and lower air supply of the seat, which can be combined for use, can provide comfortable thermal environment for passengers and crew members aiming at different stages of loading, unloading and flying, reduces the air blowing discomfort caused by the existing replacement ventilation design for the feet of the passengers, and improves the air quality of the cabin.

Description

Ventilation system for air supply along aircraft cabin passageway
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation of passenger planes, and relates to a ventilation system for air supply along a passageway of an aircraft cabin.
Background
With the progress of globalization, airplanes are becoming the mainstream vehicles. Aircraft rely on airflow patterns created by cabin Environmental Control Systems (ECS) to provide a comfortable and healthy cabin environment. The reasonable air flow structure can enable pollutants in the cabin to be discharged out of the cabin in the shortest path and the fastest time, so that cross mixing of air in the cabin is reduced, and passengers are guaranteed to inhale relatively clean air.
According to the mixing condition of air supply and air in the cabin, the current airflow organization modes designed for the passenger cabin can be divided into two types: firstly, mixing ventilation based on a dilution principle is adopted, air supply and air in a cabin are uniformly mixed, and the concentration of pollutants in the cabin is diluted to be below a specified limit value; the other type is that the air supply opening is arranged on the floor accessory, the air exhaust opening is arranged on the upper part of the passenger cabin for replacement and ventilation, the air in the cabin is driven to move upwards by the heat buoyancy lifting force in the cabin, the fresh air can be more efficiently sent to a human breathing area, and the cross mixing of the air in the cabin is reduced as much as possible. The air supply outlet for replacing and ventilating the currently designed passenger cabin is positioned at the bottom of two side wall surfaces of the passenger cabin, and when the passenger cabin is cooled, cold air sent by the cabin wall is directly blown to ankles of passengers, so that the passengers are caused strong discomfort of blowing. In addition, passengers in the immediate vicinity of the cabin wall are also affected by the cold radiation of the cabin wall, which, together with the cold blast at the ankles, further increases the discomfort. It is therefore necessary to improve the replacement air supply system for large passenger aircraft cabins.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a ventilation system for supplying air along the aisle of an aircraft cabin. The ventilation system can provide comfortable thermal environment for passengers and crew members aiming at different stages of boarding, disembarking, flying and air service, and can also solve the problem of discomfort of blowing caused by replacement of ventilation design for the feet of the passengers in the prior art and improve the air quality of a cabin.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a ventilation system for supplying air along the aisle of an airplane cabin comprises an air supply outlet and an air exhaust outlet, wherein the air supply outlet is arranged on the top plate of the aisle and the lower parts of seats on two sides of the aisle, and the air supply outlet on the top plate is a top air supply pipe end connecting pore plate or a louver air port longitudinally arranged along the airplane body and can form two independent air supply modes of high speed and low speed; the air supply outlet at the lower part of the seat is in a strip shape, is connected with the air supply branch pipe at the lower part of the seat, and is arranged on the seat structural member next to the aisle along the direction of the machine body, and the air supply outlet is embedded with a shutter and blows air to the ground of the aisle; the single-channel cabin air outlet is arranged on two sides of a cabin top plate close to the cabin wall, and the double-channel cabin air outlet is arranged on two sides of the top plate close to the cabin wall and in the center of the cabin. The cabin air supply comprises three independent modes and various combinations among the three independent modes, wherein the three independent air supply modes are as follows: the top plate supplies air downwards at a high speed, the top plate supplies air downwards at a low speed, and the seat supplies air downwards.
The top air supply pipe is arranged in the center of the top plate above the cabin passageway and is longitudinally arranged along the machine body, and is connected with a tail end orifice plate air opening or a shutter air opening through three rows of parallel branch pipelines so as to adjust the tail end jet flow air speed; the section of the middle air supply outlet is smaller and is a high-speed air supply outlet, and the two sides of the middle air supply outlet are low-speed air supply outlets with larger sections and are symmetrically distributed along the two sides of the high-speed air supply outlet; the high-speed air supply outlet delivers airflow to the floor of the passageway through jet flow, and cold air or warm air can be delivered; the low-speed air supply port is used for supplying cold air.
The top air supply pipe and the branch pipe for supplying air to the lower part of the seat are connected with the air supply ascending pipe, and the connecting pipe sections are respectively and independently provided with valves, so that the switching and the combined use of three independent air supply modes of high-speed downward air supply of the top plate, low-speed downward air supply of the top plate and lower air supply of the seat are realized. The cabin bottom air supply pipe is arranged at the lower part of the cabin floor close to the cabin walls at two sides along the direction of the fuselage and is connected with the air supply ascending pipe.
The switching of air supply modes is realized by opening and closing a valve in front of a tail air port, air supply under a seat and air supply of a narrow air port in the middle of a top plate are closed, air supply of wide air ports on two sides is opened, low-speed air supply of the top plate is realized, the jet flow speed of cold air can be reduced, and the blowing feeling of a human body is reduced; and the air supply under the seat and the air supply of the wide air ports at the two sides of the top plate are closed, and the high-speed air supply of the top plate is realized by only adopting the air supply of the middle narrow air port, so that the processed air is sent into the cabin at a higher speed.
The air output ratio of the top air supply pipe and the air pipe at the lower part of the seat is adjusted, and various ventilation modes can be combined for different stages of flight. For example, before boarding, the high-speed air supply is mainly carried out by using a top plate, and the temperature of a passenger cabin is quickly adjusted to a comfortable interval; in the boarding and alighting stages and the crew service stage, the top plate is used for low-speed air supply, so that the temperature regulation and air quality requirements of the staff on the aisle are met; in other flight stages, the air is mainly supplied by the seat, so that a replacement ventilation mode is convenient to form, and the processed air is more effectively delivered to the breathing zone of the passenger.
The seat lower part air pipes on two sides of the passageway in the cabin have different designs for different cabins:
for an economy class of a single-channel passenger plane, processed air is conveyed to the lower part of a seat through an air pipe vertically arranged along a cabin wall, is bent to the horizontal direction at the lower surface of the seat, and is finally connected with a tail end shutter air port at the bottom of the seat; for the economic cabin of the double-channel passenger plane, the arrangement of air pipes at the cabin walls at two sides is the same as that of a single-channel passenger cabin, branch pipelines for supplying air to the middle seat are arranged in the middle of a horizontal pipeline connected with air supply pipes at the bottom of the two sides at the middle seat, valves are arranged on the branch pipelines, the branch pipelines are divided into two parts after the valves, then two vertical air supply pipes which penetrate through the floor and are symmetrically arranged along the inner sides of seat legs are connected, the lower surfaces of the seats are bent to passages at two sides of the seats along the horizontal direction, and finally, the tail end louver air ports at the bottom; for first class, business class, the treated air is introduced by the cabin lower plenum along the seat legs or partition panels, similarly delivering conditioned air to the aisles.
The cabin air outlets are all arranged on the cabin top plate, the single-channel cabin air outlet is arranged on two sides, close to the cabin wall, of the cabin top plate and connected with the air return pipeline, and the double-channel cabin air outlet is arranged on two sides, close to the cabin wall, of the top plate and at the middle gap of the middle luggage rack in the cabin and connected with the air return pipeline.
When the air supply mode mainly adopts seat air supply, air conditioning air with temperature slightly lower than that of the passenger cabin is fed into the passenger cabin through the louver air openings below the seat, the air conditioning air is diffused in a large range at the bottom of the passenger cabin along two sides of the passageway, and finally rises under the heat floating lift force in the passenger cabin and the suction action of the air outlets, is discharged from the top air outlets, and polluted air is replaced.
Compared with the prior art, the novel ventilation system for air supply along the aircraft aisle has the advantages that:
the ventilation system is designed with multiple air supply modes, can provide fresh air for different stages of flight and different personnel in the cabin, and improves the thermal comfort of the personnel. For example, before passengers board the aircraft, the high-speed air supply of the top plate can be adopted to quickly heat or cool the passenger cabin; in the boarding and alighting stage, the aisle is full of personnel, and in the crew service stage, the top plate is used for low-speed air supply, and the air supply is concentrated in the aisle area; and at other times, the lower part of the seat is mainly used for supplying air, and the air with the temperature slightly lower than that of the passenger cabin is sent into the cabin to form a replacement ventilation mode, so that the cross mixing of the air in the cabin is reduced. And cool air sent from the lower part of the seat is sent to the aisle, so that the ankles of passengers are not directly exposed to low-temperature air. In addition, as the middle area of the passenger cabin is less influenced by cold radiation of the cabin wall, the delivery of cool air to the aisle is also beneficial to cooling the central area of the passenger cabin.
And an independent valve is designed in front of each air supply tail end, so that the switching between air supply modes and the proportional adjustment of air supply quantity are facilitated. The branch pipes for supplying air at the lower part of the seat are arranged close to the bulkheads at the two sides, seat structural parts or partition plates, and the whole body does not occupy the leg movement space of passengers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the single channel aircraft cabin airflow pattern of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the dual channel aircraft cabin airflow pattern of the present invention;
FIG. 3-1 is a schematic front view of the single pass aircraft cabin wind circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3-2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the single pass aircraft cabin wind circuit shown in FIG. 3-1;
FIG. 4-1 is a schematic front view of the dual channel aircraft cabin wind circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4-2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the dual channel aircraft cabin wind circuit shown in FIG. 4-1;
FIG. 5-1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the top of the cabin blower of the present invention;
FIG. 5-2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the top blower tube shown in FIG. 5-1;
FIG. 6-1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the lower seat supply manifold of the present invention immediately adjacent the bulkhead;
FIG. 6-2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the lower air supply branch pipe of the seat in the middle of the two-channel cabin in the invention;
FIGS. 7-1 and 7-2 are three-dimensional schematic views of three-row cabins of single-and two-channel passenger aircraft according to the invention;
in the figure: 1-1 a first top blast pipe branch pipeline; 1-2 second top blast pipe branch pipelines; 1-3 third top blast pipe branch pipelines; 2, a lower air supply branch pipe of the seat; 3, an air outlet; 4, an air supply ascending pipe; 5, a cabin bottom air supply pipe; 6, an exhaust pipe; 7-1 a first regulating valve, 7-2 a second regulating valve and 7-3 a third regulating valve; 8 horizontal branch pipes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention is a ventilation system for delivering air along the aisle of an airplane, wherein an air delivery pipe in a cabin is divided into two parts, wherein one part of the air delivery pipe is arranged at the upper part of the top plate of the aisle of a cabin of the airplane and is a top air delivery pipe, the structure of the top air delivery pipe is shown in fig. 5-1 and 5-2, and the rest part of the air delivery pipe is arranged at the lower parts of seats at two sides of the aisle and is a lower part air delivery branch pipe of the seats, as shown in fig. 6-1 and; the top air supply pipe of the cabin is arranged in the center of a top plate above an aisle of the passenger plane cabin, is longitudinally arranged along the airplane body and is respectively connected with air supply branch pipelines 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3; the air supply branch pipelines 1-2 are narrow and are high-speed jet flow channels of air flow, and the air supply branch pipelines 1-1 and 1-3 which are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the air supply branch pipelines are low-speed jet flow channels with wider areas; the tail end of the air supply branch pipeline is embedded into a pore plate air port or a shutter air port; the air outlet 3 of the single-channel cabin is arranged on the top plate of the cabin and is close to the two sides of the cabin wall, and is connected with the air exhaust pipeline, and the air outlets of the double-channel cabin are simultaneously arranged on the two sides of the cabin wall and the top plate of the cabin symmetry axis and are connected with the air exhaust pipeline.
As shown in fig. 3-1 and fig. 3-2, which are schematic diagrams of air duct layout of a single-channel aircraft cabin, an environmental control system sends 50% of fresh air and 50% of filtered circulating air to a bottom air supply duct 5, and then air-conditioned air is sent to a top air supply duct and a seat lower air supply branch duct 2 through an air supply ascending pipe 4 and valves 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3 according to the required air volume ratio and finally reaches each air supply outlet in the cabin.
As shown in fig. 4-1 and 4-2, the schematic diagram of the air duct layout of the dual-channel aircraft cabin is different from the air duct layout of the single-channel aircraft cabin in that top air supply ducts are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the aircraft body in the centers of the top plates above the aisles on both sides of the cabin and then connected with the air supply ascending duct 4 of the cabin through a connecting duct section, a first adjusting valve 7-1 and a second adjusting valve 7-2 are installed on the connecting duct section, in addition, as shown in fig. 6-2, air conditioning air needs to be introduced into the lower part of the middle seat of the cabin, so that a horizontal branch duct 8 connecting the air supply ducts 5 at the bottom of the two sides of the cabin needs to be additionally installed, an upward air supply branch duct is vertically installed in the middle position of the horizontal branch duct 8, a third adjusting valve 7-3 is installed on the branch duct, the branch, so as to supply air to the air supply branch pipeline at the lower part of the seat.
As shown in figures 6-1 and 6-2, the lower air supply pipe and the tail air port of the seat are arranged close to the side wall, the partition plate or the seat leg of the passenger cabin, so that the leg movement space of passengers is not occupied. For the seat close to the cabin wall, as shown in figures 3-1 and 6-1, a lower air supply pipe of the seat is led out from the inlet end of the air supply ascending pipe 4, penetrates through the floor of the cabin, is vertically arranged along the cabin wall, is bent to the horizontal direction at the lower surface of the seat, and is additionally provided with a louver air opening at the tail end; for the middle seat of the dual-channel cabin, as shown in fig. 4-1 and 6-2, two vertical air pipes which penetrate through the floor and are symmetrically and additionally arranged along the inner sides of the seat legs are bent to the passageways on the two sides of the seat along the horizontal direction at the lower surface of the seat, and the tail ends of the vertical air pipes are also additionally provided with louver air ports; the air conditioning air is led out by a horizontal branch pipe 8 which is connected with the bottom air supply pipes 5 of the cabins at two sides and then is sent to the tail end louver air openings at the left side and the right side of the lower part of the seat.
The ventilation system is provided with three independent air supply modes of top plate high-speed downward air supply, top plate low-speed downward air supply and seat downward air supply which can be used in a combined manner, so that the requirements of passengers and crew members are met, and the optimal ventilation mode can be provided for different stages of flight, as shown in a figure 1 and a figure 2, a top delivery branch pipeline 1-2 is adopted for carrying out top plate high-speed air supply before passengers board, and the requirement of rapid temperature rise or temperature reduction of a passenger cabin is met; in the boarding and alighting stages and the crew service stage, the air supply branch pipelines 1-1 and 1-3 are adopted to supply air at a low speed to the top plate, so that the temperature regulation and air quality requirements of the staff on the aisle are met; in other flight stages, the air is supplied by the air supply branch pipe 2 at the lower part of the seat to form a replacement air supply mode, so that the cross mixing of air in the cabin is reduced, and the processed air is more effectively delivered to the breathing zone of passengers.
Fig. 7-1 and 7-2 show three-dimensional schematic views of the present invention applied to single-and two-channel passenger aircraft, taking three rows of cabins as an example, and the present invention can be implemented by simply modifying cabin supply and exhaust ducts based on the existing passenger aircraft cabin environment control system.
Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (6)

1. A ventilation system for supplying air along the aisle of an airplane cabin is characterized by comprising an air supply outlet and an air exhaust outlet, wherein the air supply outlet is arranged on the top plate of the aisle of the cabin and the lower parts of seats on two sides of the aisle, and the air supply outlet on the top plate is a top air supply pipe end connection pore plate or a louver air port longitudinally arranged along the airplane body; the air supply outlet at the lower part of the seat is in a strip shape, is connected with the air supply branch pipe at the lower part of the seat, and is arranged on the seat structural member next to the passageway along the direction of the machine body, and the air supply outlet is embedded with a shutter; the single-channel cabin air outlet is arranged on two sides of a cabin top plate close to the cabin wall, and the double-channel cabin air outlet is arranged on two sides of the top plate close to the cabin wall and in the center of the cabin.
2. The ventilation system for delivering air along an aircraft cabin aisle of claim 1, where the cabin air delivery comprises three independent modes and various combinations therebetween, the three independent air delivery modes being: the top plate supplies air downwards at a high speed, the top plate supplies air downwards at a low speed, and the seat supplies air downwards.
3. The ventilation system for delivering air along an aisle of an aircraft cabin of claim 1, wherein the top air delivery duct is arranged at a central position of a top plate above the aisle of the cabin and is arranged along a longitudinal direction of the fuselage, and is connected with a terminal orifice plate air opening or a louver air opening through three rows of side-by-side branch pipes; the section of the middle air supply outlet is smaller and is a high-speed air supply outlet, and the two sides of the middle air supply outlet are low-speed air supply outlets with larger sections and are symmetrically distributed along the two sides of the high-speed air supply outlet.
4. The ventilation system for supplying air along the aisle of the aircraft cabin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top air supply pipe and the lower air supply branch pipe of the seat are connected with an air supply ascending pipe, and the connecting pipe sections are respectively provided with valves; the air supply ascending pipe is connected with the cabin bottom air supply pipe, and the cabin bottom air supply pipe is arranged at the lower part of the cabin floor along the fuselage direction next to the two side bulkheads.
5. Ventilation system for delivering air along an aisle of an aircraft cabin according to claim 1, characterised in that the seat under-blower ducts on both sides of the aisle have different designs for different cabins:
for the economy class of a single-channel passenger aircraft, the air paths on both sides of the aisle are arranged as follows: the processed air is delivered to the lower part of the seat through a vertically arranged air pipe, the vertical air pipe is close to a cabin wall, bends to the horizontal direction at the lower surface of the seat and is finally connected with a tail end shutter air port at the bottom of the seat;
for the economic cabin of the double-channel passenger plane, the arrangement of air pipes at the cabin walls at two sides is the same as that of a single-channel passenger cabin; a branch pipeline for supplying air to the middle seat is arranged in the middle of a horizontal pipeline connected with bottom air supply pipes on two sides, a valve is arranged on the branch pipeline, the branch pipeline is divided into two parts after the valve, two vertical air supply pipes which penetrate through the floor and are symmetrically arranged along the inner sides of the seat legs are connected, the lower surface of the seat bends to passageways on two sides of the seat along the horizontal direction, and finally, a shutter air port at the tail end of the bottom of the seat is connected;
for first class, business class, the treated air is introduced by the cabin lower plenum along the seat legs or partition panels, similarly delivering conditioned air to the aisles.
6. The ventilation system for supplying air along the aisle of the cockpit of an aircraft as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air outlets are all arranged on a top plate of the cockpit, the air outlets of the single-channel cockpit are arranged on two sides of the top plate of the cockpit close to the bulkhead and connected with the air exhaust duct, and the air outlets of the dual-channel cockpit are arranged on two sides of the top plate close to the bulkhead and at a middle gap of a central luggage rack in the cockpit and connected with the air exhaust duct.
CN202010168175.9A 2020-03-11 2020-03-11 Ventilation system for air supply along aircraft cabin passageway Active CN111361744B (en)

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CN111361744B CN111361744B (en) 2022-07-05

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112874792A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-01 上海工程技术大学 Device for preventing air flow in aircraft passenger cabin from mixing

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112874792A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-01 上海工程技术大学 Device for preventing air flow in aircraft passenger cabin from mixing

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