CN111348951A - Compost reactor - Google Patents
Compost reactor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111348951A CN111348951A CN202010376497.2A CN202010376497A CN111348951A CN 111348951 A CN111348951 A CN 111348951A CN 202010376497 A CN202010376497 A CN 202010376497A CN 111348951 A CN111348951 A CN 111348951A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aeration
- composting
- accommodating space
- composting reactor
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a composting reactor comprising: the shell comprises an inner shell with an accommodating space and an outer shell with a heat preservation function, and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell; the stirring mechanism is at least partially arranged in the accommodating space; the aeration mechanism is connected with the accommodating space, and the control mechanism is used for controlling aeration temperature, aeration humidity, aeration oxygen concentration, aeration quantity and aeration speed; and the percolate collecting device is arranged in the accommodating space or is communicated with the inner shell. The composting reactor ensures that the temperature in the composting device is not dissipated to the maximum extent, and improves the composting efficiency; meanwhile, the compost reactor only controls the compost environment by controlling the aeration process, and can regulate the compost environment by controlling the aeration temperature, the aeration humidity, the aeration oxygen concentration, the aeration amount and the aeration rate, so that the compost environment is more controllable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composting reactor, belonging to the field of environment-friendly equipment.
Background
At present, in order to improve the composting efficiency, the composting reactor heats the compost body in the initial stage and shortens the fermentation process of microorganisms. However, after the temperature is raised, the reactor shell directly contacts with the outside, so that heat is easily dissipated, the temperature needs to be raised continuously, a large amount of energy is consumed in the temperature raising process, and the reactor is not environment-friendly. In addition, small-volume compost is easy to lose temperature due to small volume, so that the composting cannot be successful. To overcome this difficulty, heat preservation is achieved by adding an insulating layer or a liquid interlayer to the reactor shell on the market, but the effect is weak. In order to realize the control of the composting environment temperature, the prior composting reactor partially adopts an exogenous heating principle, and the partial heating adopts water bath heating, but the temperature rise of the water bath heating is easy, and the temperature reduction and the temperature control are difficult to reach certain precision because the specific heat capacity of water is large. In addition, a mode of winding the resistance wire pipe on the outer side of the fermentation device for heating can be used for controlling the temperature of the outer wall of the fermentation device, but the mode can only control the peripheral temperature of the fermentation device, and the temperature is difficult to control due to the fact that external aerated air and peripheral heating and aerated gas are two heat sources inside the stack body. In addition, the heating plate is adopted in the internal heating mode of the existing composting reactor, but the heating plate is a plane, so that the composting materials can be burnt when the temperature is high, and meanwhile, the heating process of the whole compost is not uniform, so that the composting fermentation is not facilitated. Meanwhile, the existing composting reactor can cause the problems of over-high or over-low local oxygen, over-high local temperature and over-high local humidity or over-low local humidity. In addition, the composting process is a microbial aerobic fermentation process, and the initial heating temperature, the aeration quantity, the temperature of the compost, the humidity (water content) of the compost, the stirring frequency and the stirring period are difficult to dynamically change by the existing composting device or composting reactor on the market at present, so that the monitoring and the control of the composting process are not facilitated.
In order to solve the problems, the composting reactor is specially provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composting reactor which ensures that the internal temperature of a composting device is not dissipated to the greatest extent and improves the composting efficiency; and can save energy, and simultaneously, the temperature, the humidity, the air pressure and the oxygen concentration of the stack body environment are more controllable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a composting reactor comprising:
the shell comprises an inner shell with an accommodating space and an outer shell with a heat preservation function, and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell;
the stirring mechanism is at least partially arranged in the accommodating space;
the aeration mechanism is connected with the accommodating space, and the control mechanism is used for controlling aeration temperature, aeration humidity, aeration oxygen concentration, aeration quantity and aeration speed;
and the percolate collecting device is arranged in the accommodating space or is communicated with the inner shell.
Further, a vacuum pump is arranged on the outer shell and used for pumping gas between the inner shell and the outer shell to form the heat insulation layer.
Further, the stirring mechanism comprises a motor arranged outside the shell, a transmission shaft connected with the motor, and a stirring structure arranged on the transmission shaft.
Further, the transmission shaft is of a hollow structure, and the transmission shaft part is arranged outside the shell and inside the inner shell; the aeration mechanism and the control mechanism are communicated with the accommodating space through the transmission shaft.
Further, the stirring mechanism is a spiral stirring blade, and the stirring mechanism is arranged in the accommodating space.
Furthermore, a plurality of air holes are formed in the spiral stirring blade.
Further, the shell is further provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor which are connected with the accommodating space.
Furthermore, a pressure release valve communicated with the outside and the accommodating space is further arranged on the shell.
Further, the percolate collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating space.
Further, the percolate collecting device comprises a filter screen arranged at the bottom of the accommodating space and a percolate collector arranged below the filter screen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the composting reactor disclosed by the invention utilizes the principle of vacuum heat insulation, and utilizes the vacuum layer to isolate the heat exchange between the outside and composting materials, so that the internal temperature of a composting device is ensured not to be dissipated to the greatest extent, and the composting efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the compost reactor regulates and controls the compost environment only by controlling the aeration process, and can regulate the compost environment through the aeration temperature, the aeration humidity, the aeration oxygen concentration, the aeration quantity and the aeration speed. For example, the aeration temperature is controlled, namely the temperature inside the stack body is controlled by a single heat source, so that the energy is saved and the temperature of the stack body is controlled (can be increased and decreased dynamically as required) more compared with the utilization mode of heating the periphery of the device.
The invention can dynamically adjust the air pressure of the composting environment by adjusting the pressure relief valve and the aeration quantity, so that the compost can be fermented under different air pressures.
In addition, the composting reactor can dynamically change the initial heating temperature, the aeration quantity, the aeration rate, the temperature of the pile, the humidity (water content) of the pile, the stirring frequency and the stirring period parameters, and is convenient for carrying out multi-aspect process optimization research through dynamic modification.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composting reactor according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stirring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner" and "outer" of the present invention are used for describing the present invention with reference to the drawings, and are not intended to be limiting terms.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a composting reactor according to an embodiment of the invention comprises: the device comprises a shell 1 for accommodating and insulating, a stirring mechanism 2 at least partially arranged in the shell 1, an aeration mechanism 3 connected with the shell 1, a control mechanism 4 for controlling aeration temperature, aeration humidity, aeration oxygen concentration, aeration quantity and aeration rate, and a percolate collecting device arranged in the shell 1 or communicated with the shell 1. Specifically, the housing 1 includes an inner housing 11 having an accommodating space and an outer housing 12 having a heat preservation function, and a heat insulation layer 13 is disposed between the inner housing 11 and the outer housing 12. In this embodiment, a vacuum pump 5 is disposed on the outer housing 12, and the vacuum pump 5 pumps the gas between the inner housing 11 and the outer housing 12 to form the thermal insulation layer 13. The vacuum pump 5 is adopted, so that the vacuum pressure can be ensured within a certain range by timing work, and the temperature of the accommodating space is ensured to be less lost.
The stirring mechanism 2 of the present embodiment includes a motor 21 disposed outside the housing 1, a transmission shaft 22 connected to the motor 21, and a stirring structure 23 disposed on the transmission shaft 22. One end of the transmission shaft 22 is connected with the motor 21, and the other end of the transmission shaft extends into the accommodating space and is connected with a spiral stirring paddle 23. In this embodiment, the transmission shaft 22 is a hollow structure, the aeration mechanism 3 and the aeration control mechanism (which can control the temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, aeration amount and aeration rate) 4 are communicated with the accommodating space through the transmission shaft 22, and the spiral stirring blade 23 is provided with a plurality of air holes 230 for discharging the aeration. In this embodiment, the aeration control mechanism 4 includes a heater, a condenser, and a humidifier, and performs aeration through the hollow transmission shaft 22 and the spiral stirring blade 23, and the gas temperature and humidity can be dynamically adjusted by the heater, the condenser, and the humidifier. Meanwhile, the temperature of the stack can be controlled through the air temperature in the aeration process, the humidity of the stack is controlled through the humidity of the air, and the oxygen concentration of the stack is controlled through the oxygen concentration of the air. In addition, the present embodiment adopts the spiral stirring slurry 23, which can realize the up-and-down turning of the material while stirring, and is convenient for the uniform mixing of the material and the gas. Furthermore, the composting reactor is controlled by gas only through the modes of outer layer heat preservation, endogenous gas heating and aeration stirring, and compared with the traditional temperature increasing measures, the temperature can be controlled more.
In this embodiment, the percolate collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the receiving space and comprises a filter screen 6 arranged at the bottom of the receiving space and a percolate collector 7 arranged below the filter screen 6.
In this embodiment, the housing 1 is further provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor (the sensor number 8 mentioned above) connected to the accommodating space. Meanwhile, a pressure release valve 9 communicated with the outside and the accommodating space is further arranged on the shell 1. By arranging the sensor, the initial heating temperature, the aeration quantity, the temperature of the compost, the humidity (water content) of the compost, the stirring frequency and the stirring period in the composting process can be monitored. The casing 1 of the composting reactor of the present embodiment can be opened only by the cover 10 provided solely, and the cover 10 is integrally provided with an integrated control panel for controlling each electric device, so that the user can easily operate the composting reactor.
In summary, the following steps: the composting reactor disclosed by the invention utilizes the principle of vacuum heat insulation, and utilizes the vacuum layer to isolate the heat exchange between the outside and composting materials, so that the internal temperature of a composting device is ensured not to be dissipated to the greatest extent, and the composting efficiency is improved. The compost reactor regulates and controls the compost environment only by controlling the aeration process, and can regulate the compost environment through the aeration temperature, the aeration humidity, the aeration oxygen concentration, the aeration quantity and the aeration speed. For example, the aeration temperature is controlled, namely the temperature inside the stack body is controlled by a single heat source, so that the energy is saved and the temperature of the stack body is controlled (can be increased and decreased according to the needs) more compared with the utilization mode of heating the periphery of the device.
In addition, the composting reactor can dynamically change the initial heating temperature, the aeration quantity, the aeration rate, the temperature of the pile, the humidity (water content) of the pile, the air pressure of the pile, the stirring frequency and the stirring period parameters, and is convenient for carrying out multi-aspect process optimization research through dynamic modification.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A composting reactor, comprising:
the shell comprises an inner shell with an accommodating space and an outer shell with a heat preservation function, and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell;
the stirring mechanism is at least partially arranged in the accommodating space;
the aeration mechanism is connected with the accommodating space, and the control mechanism is used for controlling aeration temperature, aeration humidity, aeration oxygen concentration, aeration quantity and aeration speed;
and the percolate collecting device is arranged in the accommodating space or is communicated with the inner shell.
2. A composting reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a vacuum pump is provided on the outer casing, which vacuum pump draws gas between the inner and outer casings to form the insulating layer.
3. A composting reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the stirring means comprises a motor arranged outside the housing, a drive shaft connected to the motor, and stirring structures arranged on the drive shaft.
4. A composting reactor as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the drive shaft is of hollow construction and the drive shaft portion is disposed outside the casing and inside the inner casing; the aeration mechanism and the control mechanism are communicated with the accommodating space through the transmission shaft.
5. A composting reactor as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the stirring means are helical stirring blades, which are arranged in the receiving space.
6. A composting reactor as claimed in claim 5, in which the helical mixing blades are perforated with a plurality of air holes.
7. A composting reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the casing is also provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor connected to the receiving space.
8. A composting reactor as claimed in claim 1, in which the casing is provided with a pressure relief valve communicating between the environment and the holding space.
9. A composting reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the percolate collection device is arranged at the bottom of the receiving space.
10. A composting reactor as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that the percolate collecting device comprises a screen arranged at the bottom of the receiving space and a percolate collector arranged below the screen.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010376497.2A CN111348951A (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Compost reactor |
| PCT/CN2020/109668 WO2021223344A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-18 | Composting reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010376497.2A CN111348951A (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Compost reactor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111348951A true CN111348951A (en) | 2020-06-30 |
Family
ID=71195106
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010376497.2A Pending CN111348951A (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Compost reactor |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111348951A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021223344A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112611212A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-06 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Quick biological mummification reactor of kitchen garbage |
| WO2021223344A1 (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-11 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Composting reactor |
| CN114507091A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-17 | 安徽科技学院 | Multi-stage continuous aerobic composting reaction device |
| CN114685204A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-01 | 江苏中科纽克生态科技有限公司 | Multilayer aeration reactor and aeration method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021223344A1 (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-11 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Composting reactor |
| CN112611212A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-06 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Quick biological mummification reactor of kitchen garbage |
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| CN114685204B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2023-08-18 | 江苏中科纽克生态科技有限公司 | Multi-layer aeration reactor and aeration method thereof |
| CN114507091A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-17 | 安徽科技学院 | Multi-stage continuous aerobic composting reaction device |
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