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CN111313948B - Signal transmission method and device and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Signal transmission method and device and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111313948B
CN111313948B CN202010093416.8A CN202010093416A CN111313948B CN 111313948 B CN111313948 B CN 111313948B CN 202010093416 A CN202010093416 A CN 202010093416A CN 111313948 B CN111313948 B CN 111313948B
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signal
target
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relational expression
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CN111313948A (en
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李立华
张平
杜刘通
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/02—Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation
    • H04L27/04—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a signal transmission method, a signal transmission device and electronic equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying out quadrature amplitude modulation on bit information stream to be transmitted to obtain symbol vector to be coded; based on a pre-established relational expression which needs to be satisfied between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector, determining the disturbance vector which satisfies the relational expression with the symbol vector to be coded as a target disturbance vector, wherein the relational expression is as follows: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix; precoding a symbol vector to be coded by using a target disturbance vector to obtain a signal to be sent; and transmitting a signal to be transmitted. By adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the energy of the sending end can be completely used for transmitting the effective signal without transmitting artificial noise irrelevant to the effective signal; furthermore, the receiving end does not contain artificial noise when receiving the signal sent by the sending end, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is improved.

Description

Signal transmission method and device and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a signal transmission method and apparatus, and an electronic device.
Background
In the field of wireless communication, security issues in wireless communication are receiving increasing attention due to the open nature of wireless channels. The physical layer security technology of wireless communication guarantees the security of transmission based on the characteristics of a wireless channel.
The current physical layer security technology mainly comprises the following aspects: on one hand, the method is used for researching the privacy capacity from the perspective of information theory, such as the calculation of the privacy capacity under different scenes; another aspect is the design of privacy schemes, such as combining physical layer security with channel coding techniques, or combining physical layer security with AN (Artificial Noise) AN (AN) technique. The theoretical secret capacity can be obtained based on the channel coding technique, but the implementation complexity is limited, and the technique for implementing the physical layer security by the channel coding technique is often difficult to implement. The artificial noise technology is to add an interference signal to an effective transmission signal, and to select an appropriate interference signal to realize normal communication of a legal user under the condition of causing interference to an eavesdropper, thereby realizing physical layer security.
However, in the artificial noise technique, since the transmitting end needs to allocate a part of energy for transmitting the artificial noise unrelated to the effective signal and for causing interference to the eavesdropper, in an actual communication system, the power allocated to the artificial noise will weaken the energy of the effective signal received by the receiving end, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving the effective signal will be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a signal transmission method, a signal transmission apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium, so as to solve the problem that a receiving end has a low performance of receiving an effective signal due to an existing artificial noise technology.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a signal transmission method, which is applied to a sending end device, and the method includes:
carrying out quadrature amplitude modulation on bit information stream to be transmitted to obtain symbol vector to be coded;
determining a perturbation vector meeting a relational expression between the perturbation vector and the symbol vector to be coded based on a pre-established relational expression which needs to be met between the symbol vector and the perturbation vector, and taking the perturbation vector as a target perturbation vector, wherein the relational expression is as follows: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector and the precoding matrix to obtain a signal to be sent;
and transmitting the signal to be transmitted.
Further, the determining, based on a pre-established relational expression that needs to be satisfied between the symbol vector and the perturbation vector, the perturbation vector that satisfies the relational expression with the symbol vector to be encoded as a target perturbation vector includes:
determining a complex integer vector satisfying the following formula as a target complex integer vector l by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000021
multiplying the target complex integer vector by using a sphere decoding parameter by adopting the following formula to obtain a target disturbance vector:
p＝τsl
wherein, the target complex integer vector l is not equal to 0, p represents the target disturbance vector, l' represents the complex integer vector, u represents the symbol vector to be coded, and the disturbance vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, W denotes the precoding matrix, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2＞(Δ/2)2And G denotes a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user.
Further, the precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target perturbation vector and the precoding matrix to obtain a signal to be sent includes:
and precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector by adopting the following formula to obtain a signal to be sent:
Figure BDA0002384469580000022
wherein, beta represents a power normalization constant,
Figure BDA0002384469580000023
x denotes a signal to be transmitted.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a signal transmission method, which is applied to a receiving end device, where the method includes:
receiving a signal sent by sending end equipment, wherein the signal is obtained by precoding a symbol vector to be coded by the sending end equipment by using a target disturbance vector and a precoding matrix, and the symbol vector to be coded and the target disturbance vector satisfy a pre-established relational expression, and the relational expression is as follows: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
performing complex modulus operation on the received signal by adopting a complex modulus mode corresponding to the relational expression to obtain a signal to be demodulated;
and demodulating the signal to be demodulated to obtain a received bit information stream.
Further, the target disturbance vector is calculated by using the following formula:
p＝τsl
where l represents a target complex integer vector, and l ≠ 0, p represents a target perturbation vector, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2＞(Δ/2)2G represents a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user;
the target complex integer vector is obtained by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000031
wherein l' represents a complex integer vector, u represents a symbol vector to be encoded, and a perturbation vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, and W denotes the precoding matrix;
performing a complex modulus operation on the received signal by using a complex modulus mode corresponding to the relational expression to obtain a signal to be demodulated, including:
determining a signal to be demodulated by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000032
wherein,
Figure BDA0002384469580000033
represents the signal to be demodulated, beta represents the power normalization constant, z represents the signal received by the receiving end device,
Figure BDA0002384469580000034
is the real part of (β z),
Figure BDA0002384469580000035
is the imaginary part of (β z),
Figure BDA0002384469580000036
Λ represents a constellation region corresponding to the modulation signal, τSDenotes sphere decoding parameters,. tau.denotes standard parameters, andSand τ satisfies: tau iss＝τ+δτ，δτRepresenting an extra offset, j being the unit of an imaginary number.
Further, the demodulating the signal to be demodulated to obtain a received bit information stream includes:
based on a relational expression satisfied by a signal to be demodulated and a bit information stream, demodulating the signal to be demodulated by adopting the following formula to obtain a received bit information stream:
Figure BDA0002384469580000041
where u denotes the received bit information stream,
Figure BDA0002384469580000042
is a complex Gaussian noise vector with element distribution satisfying
Figure BDA0002384469580000043
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a signal transmission apparatus, which is applied to a sending end device, where the apparatus includes:
the modulation module is used for carrying out quadrature amplitude modulation on bit information flow to be transmitted to obtain a symbol vector to be coded;
a determining module, configured to determine, based on a pre-established relation that needs to be satisfied between a symbol vector and a perturbation vector, a perturbation vector that satisfies the relation with the symbol vector to be encoded, as a target perturbation vector, where the relation is: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
the precoding module is used for precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector and the precoding matrix to obtain a signal to be sent;
and the signal sending module is used for sending the signal to be sent.
Further, the determining module is specifically configured to determine, as the target complex integer vector l, a complex integer vector that satisfies the following formula by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000044
the determining module is specifically configured to multiply the target complex integer vector by a sphere decoding parameter using the following formula to obtain a target perturbation vector:
p＝τsl
wherein, the target complex integer vector l is not equal to 0, p represents the target disturbance vector, l' represents the complex integer vector, u represents the symbol vector to be coded, and the disturbance vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, W denotes the precoding matrix, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2＞(Δ/2)2And G denotes a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user.
Further, the precoding module is specifically configured to precode the symbol vector to be coded by using the target perturbation vector and the precoding matrix with the following formula, so as to obtain a signal to be sent:
Figure BDA0002384469580000051
wherein, beta represents a power normalization constant,
Figure BDA0002384469580000052
x denotes a signal to be transmitted.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a signal transmission apparatus, applied to a receiving end device, where the apparatus includes:
a signal receiving module, configured to receive a signal sent by a sending end device, where the signal is obtained by precoding, by the sending end device, a symbol vector to be coded by using a target perturbation vector and a precoding matrix, and a pre-established relation is satisfied between the symbol vector to be coded and the target perturbation vector, where the relation is: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
the complex module is used for carrying out complex module operation on the received signal by adopting a complex module mode corresponding to the relational expression to obtain a signal to be demodulated;
and the demodulation module is used for demodulating the signal to be demodulated to obtain a received bit information stream.
Further, the target disturbance vector is calculated by using the following formula:
p＝τsl
where l represents a target complex integer vector, and l ≠ 0, p represents a target perturbation vector, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2＞(Δ/2)2G represents a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user;
the target complex integer vector is obtained by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000061
wherein l' represents a complex integer vector, u represents a symbol vector to be encoded, and a perturbation vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, and W denotes the precoding matrix;
the complex modulus module is specifically configured to determine a signal to be demodulated by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000062
wherein,
Figure BDA0002384469580000063
represents the signal to be demodulated, beta represents the power normalization constant, z represents the signal received by the receiving end device,
Figure BDA0002384469580000064
is the real part of (β z),
Figure BDA0002384469580000065
is the imaginary part of (β z),
Figure BDA0002384469580000066
Λ represents a constellation region corresponding to the modulation signal, τSDenotes sphere decoding parameters,. tau.denotes standard parameters, andSand τ satisfies: tau iss＝τ+δτ，δτRepresenting an extra offset, j being the unit of an imaginary number.
Further, the demodulation module is specifically configured to demodulate, based on a relational expression that is satisfied by a signal to be demodulated and a bit information stream, the signal to be demodulated by using the following formula, so as to obtain a received bit information stream:
Figure BDA0002384469580000067
where u denotes the received bit information stream,
Figure BDA0002384469580000068
is a complex Gaussian noise vector with element distribution satisfying
Figure BDA0002384469580000069
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, where the processor and the communication interface are configured to complete communication between the memory and the processor through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for realizing any signal transmission method step applied to the sending terminal equipment when executing the program stored in the memory.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any of the signal transmission method steps applied to a sending-end device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the signal transmission method steps applied to the sending-end device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, where the processor and the communication interface are configured to complete communication between the memory and the processor through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for realizing any signal transmission method step applied to the receiving end equipment when executing the program stored in the memory.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any of the signal transmission method steps applied to a receiving end device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the signal transmission method steps applied to the receiving-end device.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
by adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the disturbance vector meeting the relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector which are established in advance and the to-be-coded symbol vector are taken as the target disturbance vector, and then the to-be-sent vector can be directly sent after the to-be-sent signal is obtained by precoding the to-be-coded symbol vector by using the target disturbance vector, namely, the energy of a sending end can be completely used for transmitting an effective signal without transmitting artificial noise which is irrelevant to the effective signal; furthermore, the receiving end does not contain artificial noise when receiving the signal sent by the sending end, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is improved. And the target disturbance vector is added at the sending end, so that the equivalent noise intensity of the receiving end can be effectively reduced, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is further improved.
Of course, not all of the advantages described above need to be achieved at the same time in the practice of any one product or method of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of another signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of another signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of another signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a model of a wireless communication multi-antenna transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a quadrature amplitude decision region in a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating performance comparison of signal transmission systems with different signal transmission methods under different offsets according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of safety performance of signal transmission systems under different signal transmission methods according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a signal transmission method, which is applied to sending end equipment, and as shown in figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step 101, performing quadrature amplitude modulation on a bit information stream to be transmitted to obtain a symbol vector to be encoded.
102, determining a disturbance vector meeting a relational expression between the disturbance vector and a symbol vector to be coded based on a pre-established relational expression which needs to be met between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector, and taking the disturbance vector as a target disturbance vector, wherein the relational expression is as follows: and a relation between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector established based on the sphere decoding parameters and the precoding matrix.
And 103, precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector and the precoding matrix to obtain a signal to be sent.
Step 104, sending a signal to be sent.
By adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the pre-established relational expression required to be met between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector, the disturbance vector meeting the relational expression with the symbol vector to be coded is taken as the target disturbance vector, and then after the signal to be sent is obtained by precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector and the precoding matrix, the vector to be sent can be directly sent, namely, the energy of a sending end can be completely used for transmitting effective signals without transmitting artificial noise irrelevant to the effective signals; furthermore, the receiving end does not contain artificial noise when receiving the signal sent by the sending end, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is improved. And the target disturbance vector is added at the sending end, so that the equivalent noise intensity of the receiving end can be effectively reduced, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is further improved.
The method and apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings using specific embodiments.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a signal transmission method applied to a sending-end device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:
step 201, performing quadrature amplitude modulation on a bit information stream to be transmitted to obtain a symbol vector to be encoded.
Step 202, determining a complex integer vector satisfying the following formula as a target complex integer vector l by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000091
wherein, the target complex integer vector l is not equal to 0, l' represents the complex integer vector, u represents the symbol vector to be coded, and the disturbance vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, W denotes the precoding matrix, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicating an extra offsetQuantity, deltaτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2＞(Δ/2)2And G denotes a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user.
Step 203, multiplying the sphere decoding parameter by the target complex integer vector by using the following formula to obtain a target disturbance vector:
p＝τsl
where p represents the target perturbation vector.
In the embodiment of the invention, an improved sphere decoding algorithm can be obtained based on a standard sphere decoding algorithm, and further, a target disturbance vector can be determined based on the improved sphere decoding algorithm.
And 204, precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector to obtain a signal to be sent.
In the embodiment of the present invention, precoding a symbol vector to be coded may specifically be:
precoding a symbol vector to be coded by adopting a precoding matrix in a Zero-forcing precoding (ZF) form; or a precoding matrix in the form of RZF (regular Zero-forcing precoding) is used to precode the symbol vectors to be coded.
In this step, if there are K legal user terminals in the communication system, taking ZF precoding as an example, when a precoding matrix in the ZF precoding form is adopted, the precoding matrix is a pseudo-inverse matrix of a channel matrix of the legal user terminals, at this time, a symbol vector to be coded and a target disturbance vector are superimposed, and an obtained signal to be sent can be represented as:
Figure BDA0002384469580000101
where p ═ τsl denotes the target disturbance vector, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2＞(Δ/2)2L represents a K-dimensional target complex integer vector,
Figure BDA0002384469580000102
w denotes a precoding matrix, u denotes a symbol vector to be encoded,
Figure BDA0002384469580000103
a pseudo-inverse matrix representing a channel matrix of a legitimate user terminal, beta represents a power normalization constant,
Figure BDA0002384469580000104
step 205, sending a signal to be sent.
In the embodiment of the invention, the signal to be transmitted can be mapped to the corresponding antenna for transmission.
By adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the disturbance vector meeting the relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector which are established in advance and the to-be-coded symbol vector are taken as the target disturbance vector, and then the to-be-sent vector can be directly sent after the to-be-sent signal is obtained by precoding the to-be-coded symbol vector by using the target disturbance vector, namely, the energy of a sending end can be completely used for transmitting an effective signal without transmitting artificial noise which is irrelevant to the effective signal; furthermore, the receiving end does not contain artificial noise when receiving the signal sent by the sending end, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is improved. And the target disturbance vector is added at the sending end, so that the equivalent noise intensity of the receiving end can be effectively reduced, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is improved.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention further discloses a signal transmission method, which is applied to a receiving end device, as shown in fig. 3, and may include the following steps:
step 301, receiving a signal sent by a sending end device, where the signal is obtained by precoding a symbol vector to be encoded by the sending end device using a target perturbation vector, and the symbol vector to be encoded and the target perturbation vector satisfy a pre-established relation, where the relation is: and a relation between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector established based on the sphere decoding parameters and the precoding matrix.
And 302, performing complex modulus operation on the received signal by adopting a complex modulus mode corresponding to the relational expression to obtain a signal to be demodulated.
Step 303, demodulating the signal to be demodulated to obtain the received bit information stream.
By adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, after the signal sent by the sending end equipment is received, the received signal is subjected to the complex modulus operation by adopting the complex modulus mode corresponding to the relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix to obtain the signal to be demodulated, and further, the signal to be demodulated can be demodulated to obtain the received bit information stream. Because the energy of the sending end can be completely used for transmitting the effective signal, artificial noise irrelevant to the effective signal does not need to be transmitted; furthermore, the receiving end does not contain artificial noise when receiving the signal sent by the sending end, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is improved. And the target disturbance vector added by the sending end can effectively reduce the equivalent noise intensity of the receiving end, thereby further improving the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a signal transmission method applied to a receiving end device provided in an embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:
step 401, receiving a signal sent by a sending end device.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, if a point-to-point MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) transmission model using a quadrature amplitude modulation technique is used, a transmitter Alice has NARoot transmitting antenna, legal user terminal Bob has NBRoot receiving antenna, eavesdropping user terminal Eve having NERoot receiving antenna, in which signals Bob receivesThe vector can be expressed as:
z＝Hx+nB
the Eve received signal vector can be expressed as:
y＝Gx+nE
wherein,
Figure BDA0002384469580000121
is a complex Gaussian noise vector with element distribution satisfying
Figure BDA0002384469580000122
And
Figure BDA0002384469580000123
Figure BDA0002384469580000124
the channel matrix at Bob is represented and,
Figure BDA0002384469580000125
representing the channel matrix at Eve and x representing the signal transmitted by the transmitting device.
Step 402, determining a signal to be demodulated.
In the embodiment of the invention, the target disturbance vector is calculated by adopting the following formula:
p＝τsl
where l represents a target complex integer vector, and l ≠ 0, p represents a target perturbation vector, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2＞(Δ/2)2G represents a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user;
the target complex integer vector is obtained by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000126
wherein l' represents a complex integer vector, u represents a symbol vector to be encoded, and a perturbation vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector and W denotes the precoding matrix.
In the embodiment of the invention, the received signal can be subjected to complex modulus, and the obtained signal is determined as the signal to be demodulated. Specifically, the method can be as follows:
for a legitimate user terminal, the received signal may be complex modulo by the following equation:
Figure BDA0002384469580000127
wherein,
Figure BDA0002384469580000131
represents the signal to be demodulated, beta represents the power normalization constant, z represents the signal received by the receiving end device,
Figure BDA0002384469580000132
is the real part of (β z),
Figure BDA0002384469580000133
is the imaginary part of (β z),
Figure BDA0002384469580000134
Λ represents a constellation region corresponding to the modulation signal, τSDenotes a sphere decoding parameter, τ denotes a standard parameter, and τ is 2 (c)max+ Δ/2), and τSAnd τ satisfies: tau iss＝τ+δτ，δτDenotes an extra offset, j is an imaginary unit, u denotes a received bit stream,
Figure BDA0002384469580000135
is a complex Gaussian noise vector with element distribution satisfying
Figure BDA0002384469580000136
The constellation region corresponding to modulation may be specifically represented as:
Figure BDA0002384469580000137
where C denotes a constellation region corresponding to modulation, and C denotes a constellation region. The result of the complex modulus of the received signal by the legal user terminal is known, and the interference of the target disturbance vector is eliminated in the signal to be demodulated obtained by the legal user terminal after the complex modulus.
Step 403, demodulating the signal to be demodulated to obtain the received bit information stream.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the demodulation of the legal user terminal for the signal to be demodulated may specifically be:
based on a relational expression satisfied by a signal to be demodulated and a bit information stream, demodulating the signal to be demodulated by adopting the following formula to obtain a received bit information stream:
Figure BDA0002384469580000138
where u denotes the received bit information stream.
By adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, after the signal sent by the sending end equipment is received, the received signal is subjected to the complex modulus operation by adopting the complex modulus mode corresponding to the relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix to obtain the signal to be demodulated, and further, the signal to be demodulated can be demodulated to obtain the received bit information stream. Because the energy of the sending end can be completely used for transmitting the effective signal, artificial noise irrelevant to the effective signal does not need to be transmitted; furthermore, the receiving end does not contain artificial noise when receiving the signal sent by the sending end, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is improved. And the target disturbance vector added by the sending end can effectively reduce the equivalent noise intensity of the receiving end, thereby improving the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals.
In a possible implementation manner, the transmitting end may utilize a precoding matrix W to eliminate interference between legitimate ues after passing through the channel, and a commonly used precoding matrix may be
Figure BDA0002384469580000139
Wherein
Figure BDA00023844695800001310
A pseudo-inverse matrix representing H. Standard parameter tau-2 (c) in standard vector perturbation precoding algorithmmax+ Delta/2), wherein cmaxIs the maximum amplitude value of the constellation point and Δ is the distance between the constellation points. In the embodiment of the invention, the standard parameter τ is added with an additional offset δτCan form a sphere decoding parameter tauS：τs＝τ+δτ＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτIn the embodiment of the present invention, the perturbation vector may be obtained by using a sphere decoding algorithm.
As shown in FIG. 5, if a point-to-point MIMO transmission model using QAM technique is used, the transmitter Alice has NARoot transmitting antenna, legal user terminal Bob has NBRoot receiving antenna, eavesdropping user terminal Eve having NEThe root receives the antenna.
As shown in fig. 5, the signal received by Bob may be represented as:
z＝Hx+nB
wherein,
Figure BDA0002384469580000141
further, the signal received by Bob may be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002384469580000142
further, Bob may perform complex modulo of the received signal:
Figure BDA0002384469580000143
it can be obtained that after the complex modulus operation, Bob can completely eliminate the interference introduced by the target perturbation vector p.
Wherein,
Figure BDA0002384469580000144
Λ represents a constellation region corresponding to the modulation signal, and may specifically be represented as:
Figure BDA0002384469580000145
further, Bob may demodulate the signal to be demodulated to obtain the received bit information stream:
Figure BDA0002384469580000146
as shown in FIG. 5, the Eve received signal vector may be represented as:
y＝Gx+nE
wherein, due to
Figure BDA0002384469580000147
Further, the Eve received signal may be represented as:
Figure BDA0002384469580000151
wherein, p is tausThe signal received by Eve can be further represented as:
Figure BDA0002384469580000152
by eavesdropping on signals received by the user terminalIn the embodiment of the present invention, if a situation with the worst security for a legitimate ue is considered: it may be assumed that the eavesdropping user terminal can acquire the channel matrix H and the channel matrix G, the power normalization constant β, and the modulation order, and can calculate the criterion parameter τ 2 (c) therefrommax+ Δ/2), but due to δτThe transmitting end agrees with the legal user terminal in advance, and the eavesdropping user terminal can not obtain the actually used parameter taus. Further, it is assumed that the noise of the eavesdropping user terminal is infinitely small, i.e. it is
Figure BDA0002384469580000153
The signal received by the eavesdropping user terminal can be divided into two parts: useful signals to be demodulated
Figure BDA0002384469580000154
And interference terms
Figure BDA0002384469580000155
Further, the signal recovered by the eavesdropping user terminal using the power normalization constant β can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002384469580000156
further, after performing the operation of multiple modules on the recovered signal, it can be expected that the signal obtained by eavesdropping the user terminal is:
Figure BDA0002384469580000157
wherein M isτ(rE) Indicating the recovered signal r of the eavesdropping user terminal pairEAnd (5) performing repeated modulus extraction.
In an embodiment of the invention, consider a complex grid constructed from a matrix GP
Figure BDA00023844695800001511
According to the lattice theory, judging
Figure BDA0002384469580000158
The key to being able to correctly demodulate the secure signal u is the Voronoi region (V region) that determines whether it falls on the target grid point GWu
Figure BDA00023844695800001512
In the method, the security leakage probability can be defined as the probability that the eavesdropping user terminal can correctly judge:
Figure BDA0002384469580000159
in the embodiment of the invention, the signals transmitted by the transmitting end meet the following two constraint conditions by ensuring the safe transmission of the signals in the physical layer of the signal transmission system:
constraint one: the necessary conditions for ensuring the safe transmission of signals in the physical layer are as follows: l ≠ 0.
If the vector l is equal to 0, then
Figure BDA00023844695800001510
That is, the eavesdropping user terminal can demodulate the eavesdropping user terminal completely and correctly, and the safety of signal transmission cannot be guaranteed at the moment. Therefore, constraint one can be found: the necessary conditions for ensuring the safe transmission of signals in the physical layer are as follows: l ≠ 0.
Let target perturbation vector p be tausl, where l ≠ 0 is satisfied, at the eavesdropper, since the signal intercepted by the user terminal is expected to be subject only to the interfering term Mτ(δτGWl) and, as shown in fig. 6, the interference term can be seen to be a grid of complex numbers in the direction
Figure BDA0002384469580000161
Strict alignment in a plurality of grids
Figure BDA0002384469580000162
The amplitude of the upper projection is represented byτAnd l. N projected on a complex grid as shown in FIG. 6BIn the layerSatisfy liThe i-th layer quadrature amplitude modulation decision area not equal to 0 can divide the constellation points into two categories according to whether the decision space is closed or not: a set of constellation points X with a closed decision space and a remaining set of constellation points Z with a half-open decision space. For constellation points in set X, the direction of the interference term is always aligned with the complex grid
Figure BDA0002384469580000163
Strictly aligned, when the distance between adjacent constellation points is delta, in order to guarantee eavesdropping on the signal of the user terminal
Figure BDA0002384469580000164
The appropriate offset delta needs to be selectedτSatisfying the amplitude constraint in the following equation:
Figure BDA0002384469580000165
for constellation points in the set Z, only the interference term M satisfying the amplitude limitation, since they have half-open decision intervalsτ(δτGWL) due to liAnd uiMay be in the same direction, signal
Figure BDA0002384469580000166
Voronoi still likely to fall on target grid point GWu
Figure BDA00023844695800001610
Meanwhile, the safety of the signal transmission system cannot be guaranteed.
Based on this, constraint two can be obtained: for constellation points in the set Z, the vector l needs to be satisfiediAnd uiAre not all in the same direction. When the vector l is satisfiediAnd uiCan ensure that the directions of the two parts are not completely the same
Figure BDA0002384469580000168
Expressed mathematically as follows:
Figure BDA0002384469580000169
in the embodiment of the invention, the safety of signal transmission of the signal transmission system can be ensured to a greater extent by the condition met by the vector l in the constraint condition I and the constraint condition II. And when the vector l completely meets the constraint condition I and the constraint condition II, the safety of signal transmission of the signal transmission system can be completely ensured.
In the embodiment of the invention, an improved sphere decoding algorithm can be used to ensure that a target disturbance vector meeting a constraint condition I and a constraint condition II is obtained, and the safety leakage probability P can be obtainedL0. As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 7 compares another scheme with a scheme provided by an embodiment of the present invention at NA＝NB＝NEUsing 16-QAM modulation, the SNR (signal to noise ratio) at Bob is 25dB at offset δ, 8τProbability P of security leakage at Eve of eavesdropping user terminal under changeLAnd comparing the performance of the bit error rate BER at the legal user terminal Bob. Wherein, the bit error rate represents: in the digital communication system, a sending end sends a binary symbol s within a bit interval T, and after transmission, the binary symbol output by a receiving end is not the probability of s.
As shown in FIG. 7, PLStandard denotes the security leakage probability of VP (Vector Perturbation precoding), PLThe proposed shows the security leakage probability of the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the abscissa in fig. 7 shows the offset δτThe ordinate on the left side represents the security leakage probability, and the ordinate on the right side represents the bit error rate BER at the legitimate user terminal Bob. As shown in fig. 7, the axis of abscissa is [ -0.5 × 10-6，0.5×10-6]And then, the probability of safety leakage is 1, and the equivalent transmission power of the transmitting end is minimum. As can be seen from fig. 7, at the offset δ τ, the
Figure BDA0002384469580000171
Timely, VP algorithm and safety leakage of scheme provided by embodiment of the inventionDew PLAt offset δ of 1τSatisfy the requirement of
Figure BDA0002384469580000172
At all times, the VP always has a greater probability of security leakage, and with offset δτIs increased with an increase in; the safety leakage probability of the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention always has P L0. It can be seen from fig. 7 that at offset δτThe bit error rate of Bob is lowest in the VP algorithm around 0 and the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the performance of the signal transmission system is best; and at deltaτWhen the sum is less than 0, because a large amount of constellation point overlapping is introduced after the receiving end carries out complex modulus, the BER is caused along with deltaτIs exponentially increased, and is therefore usually selected when designing a secure transmission scheme
Figure BDA0002384469580000173
As shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 shows that the number of antennas is NA＝6,NB＝N E4, and an offset δτAt 0.51 delta, the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention compares the signal transmission system performance with the classical VP algorithm and the two artificial noise schemes.
In fig. 8, proposedVP represents the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention, standardVP represents the scheme based on the standard VP algorithm, and AN-ZF and ANVP represent two other artificial noise schemes different from the embodiment of the present invention. In fig. 8, the abscissa represents the signal-to-noise ratio at the legitimate user terminal Bob, and the ordinate on the left side represents the security leakage probability PLAnd the ordinate on the right side represents the bit error rate BER at the legitimate user terminal Bob.
The solid line in FIG. 8 shows the safety performance comparison of different schemes, and it can be seen that the standard VP algorithm has the maximum safety leakage probability, which is about 3 × 10-1Left and right, the average safe leakage probability of AN-ZF scheme is about 10-4About, the average security leakage probability based on ANVP scheme is about 10-5On the other hand, the security leakage probability of the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is 0. From FIG. 8 we can also see that the standard VP algorithm canThe scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has lower bit error rate compared with AN-ZF and ANVP artificial noise schemes due to the consideration of system safety, namely the performance of a signal transmission system is better.
In the embodiment of the invention, the target disturbance vector can be determined based on an improved sphere decoding algorithm in the following way:
step A1, converting the symbol vector to be coded into equivalent real number vector
Figure BDA0002384469580000174
Step A2, determining the real number form of the target vector of the sphere decoding algorithm
Figure BDA0002384469580000181
Wherein u istA target vector representing a sphere decoding algorithm;
step A3, calculating tausAnd a linear real matrix corresponding to W;
in this step, the corresponding real linear matrix may be specifically expressed as:
Figure BDA0002384469580000182
wherein HtRepresenting a corresponding real linear matrix;
step A4, calculating matrix HtA corresponding QR decomposition and a diagonal matrix.
Wherein, QR decomposition may be specifically expressed as:
[Qt，Rt]＝QR(Ht)
the diagonal matrix may specifically be represented as:
D＝diag(sign(diag(Rt)))；
and step A5, calculating a disturbance vector which meets a first constraint condition and a second preset constraint condition and has the minimum distance based on the target vector, QR decomposition and diagonal matrix of the sphere decoding algorithm, and taking the disturbance vector as a target disturbance vector.
In the artificial noise scheme, in order to achieve the effect that the artificial noise vector only interferes the eavesdropping user terminal, the selection of the noise vector must be performed in the null space of the legal user terminal channel, so that the requirement that the channel of the legal user terminal must have a null space different from zero, namely, the requirement that the number of antennas of the legal user terminal must be less than that of antennas of the transmitting end must be met. In the embodiment of the invention, the limitation of the number of antennas is not required to be met, namely the number of antennas of the legal user terminal can be not less than the number of antennas of the sending end, compared with the prior art, the spatial freedom degree of the sending signal is increased, and the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention only needs to meet the requirement of eavesdropping the unknown offset delta of the user terminalτThe safety of signal transmission can be ensured under the condition of (1), and the safety leakage of transmission signals caused by the artificial noise scheme under the scenes of less antennas and lower modulation orders is avoided.
Based on the same inventive concept, according to the signal transmission method provided in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, correspondingly, another embodiment of the present invention further provides a signal transmission apparatus, which is applied to a sending-end device, and a schematic structural diagram of the signal transmission apparatus is shown in fig. 9, and specifically includes:
a modulation module 901, configured to perform quadrature amplitude modulation on a bit information stream to be transmitted to obtain a symbol vector to be encoded;
a determining module 902, configured to determine, based on a pre-established relation that needs to be satisfied between a symbol vector and a perturbation vector, a perturbation vector that satisfies the relation with a symbol vector to be encoded, as a target perturbation vector, where the relation is: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
a precoding module 903, configured to precode a symbol vector to be coded by using a target disturbance vector and a precoding matrix, to obtain a signal to be sent;
a signal sending module 904, configured to send a signal to be sent.
It can be seen that, with the device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, through a pre-established relational expression that needs to be satisfied between a symbol vector and a perturbation vector, and a perturbation vector that satisfies the relational expression with the symbol vector to be encoded, as a target perturbation vector, after a signal to be transmitted is obtained by precoding the symbol vector to be encoded using the target perturbation vector, the vector to be transmitted can be directly transmitted, that is, energy at a transmitting end can be all used for transmitting an effective signal, and artificial noise that is not related to the effective signal does not need to be transmitted; furthermore, the receiving end does not contain artificial noise when receiving the signal sent by the sending end, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is improved. And the target disturbance vector is added at the sending end, so that the equivalent noise intensity of the receiving end can be effectively reduced, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is further improved.
Further, the determining module 902 is specifically configured to determine, as the target complex integer vector l, a complex integer vector satisfying the following formula by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000191
the determining module 902 is further configured to obtain a target perturbation vector by multiplying the sphere decoding parameter by the target complex integer vector by using the following formula:
p＝τsl
wherein, the target complex integer vector l is not equal to 0, p represents the target disturbance vector, l' represents the complex integer vector, u represents the symbol vector to be coded, and the disturbance vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, W denotes the precoding matrix, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2＞(Δ/2)2And G denotes a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user.
Further, the precoding module 1003 is specifically configured to precode the symbol vector to be coded by using the target perturbation vector and the precoding matrix with the following formula, to obtain a signal to be sent:
Figure BDA0002384469580000201
wherein, beta represents a power normalization constant,
Figure BDA0002384469580000202
x denotes a signal to be transmitted.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a signal transmission apparatus, which is applied to a receiving end device, and a schematic structural diagram of the signal transmission apparatus is shown in fig. 10, and specifically includes:
a signal receiving module 1001, configured to receive a signal sent by a sending end device, where the signal is obtained by the sending end device precoding a symbol vector to be coded by using a target perturbation vector and a precoding matrix, and the symbol vector to be coded and the target perturbation vector satisfy a pre-established relation, where the relation is: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
a complex modulus module 1002, configured to perform a complex modulus operation on the received signal by using a complex modulus mode corresponding to the relational expression, so as to obtain a signal to be demodulated;
the demodulation module 1003 is configured to demodulate a signal to be demodulated to obtain a received bit information stream.
It can be seen that, with the apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention, after receiving a signal sent by a sending end device, a complex modulus operation is performed on the received signal by using a complex modulus method corresponding to a relational expression between a symbol vector and a perturbation vector established based on a sphere decoding parameter and a precoding matrix to obtain a signal to be demodulated, and further, the signal to be demodulated can be demodulated to obtain a received bit information stream. Because the energy of the sending end can be completely used for transmitting the effective signal, artificial noise irrelevant to the effective signal does not need to be transmitted; furthermore, the receiving end does not contain artificial noise when receiving the signal sent by the sending end, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is improved. And the target disturbance vector is added at the sending end, so that the equivalent noise intensity of the receiving end can be effectively reduced, and the performance of the receiving end for receiving effective signals is further improved.
Further, the target disturbance vector is calculated by using the following formula:
p＝τsl
where l represents a target complex integer vector, and l ≠ 0, p represents a target perturbation vector, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2＞(Δ/2)2G represents a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user;
the target complex integer vector is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000211
wherein l' represents a complex integer vector, u represents a symbol vector to be encoded, and a perturbation vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, and W denotes the precoding matrix;
the complex modulus module 1002 is specifically configured to determine a signal to be demodulated by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002384469580000212
wherein,
Figure BDA0002384469580000213
represents the signal to be demodulated, beta represents the power normalization constant, z represents the signal received by the receiving end device,
Figure BDA0002384469580000214
is the real part of (β z),
Figure BDA0002384469580000215
is the imaginary part of (β z),
Figure BDA0002384469580000216
Λ represents a constellation region corresponding to the modulation signal, τSDenotes sphere decoding parameters,. tau.denotes standard parameters, andSand τ satisfies: tau iss＝τ+δτ，δτRepresenting an extra offset, j being the unit of an imaginary number.
Further, the demodulation module 1003 is specifically configured to demodulate, based on a relational expression that the signal to be demodulated and the bit information stream satisfy, the signal to be demodulated by using the following formula, to obtain the received bit information stream:
Figure BDA0002384469580000217
where u denotes the received bit information stream,
Figure BDA0002384469580000218
is a complex Gaussian noise vector with element distribution satisfying
Figure BDA0002384469580000219
Based on the same inventive concept, according to the risk identification method provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, correspondingly, another embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, referring to fig. 11, the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a processor 1101, a communication interface 1102, a memory 1103 and a communication bus 1104, wherein the processor 1101, the communication interface 1102 and the memory 1103 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 1104.
A memory 1103 for storing a computer program;
the processor 1101 is configured to implement the following steps when executing the program stored in the memory 1103:
carrying out quadrature amplitude modulation on bit information stream to be transmitted to obtain symbol vector to be coded;
determining a perturbation vector meeting a relational expression between the perturbation vector and the symbol vector to be coded based on a pre-established relational expression which needs to be met between the symbol vector and the perturbation vector, and taking the perturbation vector as a target perturbation vector, wherein the relational expression is as follows: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector to obtain a signal to be sent;
and transmitting the signal to be transmitted.
Based on the same inventive concept, according to the risk identification method provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, correspondingly, another embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, referring to fig. 12, the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a processor 1201, a communication interface 1202, a memory 1203 and a communication bus 1204, where the processor 1201, the communication interface 1202 and the memory 1203 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 1204.
A memory 1203 for storing a computer program;
the processor 1201 is configured to implement the following steps when executing the program stored in the memory 1203:
receiving a signal sent by sending end equipment, wherein the signal is obtained by precoding a symbol vector to be coded by the sending end equipment by using a target disturbance vector, and the symbol vector to be coded and the target disturbance vector satisfy a pre-established relational expression, and the relational expression is as follows: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
performing complex modulus operation on the received signal by adopting a complex modulus mode corresponding to the relational expression to obtain a signal to be demodulated;
and demodulating the signal to be demodulated to obtain a received bit information stream.
The communication bus mentioned in the electronic device may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
The communication interface is used for communication between the electronic equipment and other equipment.
The Memory may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as at least one disk Memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor.
The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method applied to any signal transmission of a sending-end device.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the signal transmission methods described above as applied to a transmitting-end device.
In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method applied to any signal transmission of a receiving end device.
In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the signal transmission methods described above as applied to a receiving-end device.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, as for the device, the electronic apparatus and the storage medium embodiments, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiments.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A signal transmission method is applied to a sending terminal device, and the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out quadrature amplitude modulation on bit information stream to be transmitted to obtain symbol vector to be coded;
determining a perturbation vector meeting a relational expression between the perturbation vector and the symbol vector to be coded based on a pre-established relational expression which needs to be met between the symbol vector and the perturbation vector, and taking the perturbation vector as a target perturbation vector, wherein the relational expression is as follows: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector and the precoding matrix to obtain a signal to be sent;
sending the signal to be sent;
the determining, based on a pre-established relational expression that needs to be satisfied between the symbol vector and the perturbation vector, the perturbation vector that satisfies the relational expression with the symbol vector to be encoded as a target perturbation vector includes:
determining a complex integer vector satisfying the following formula as a target complex integer vector l by using the following formula:
Figure FDA0002969582870000011
multiplying the target complex integer vector by using a sphere decoding parameter by adopting the following formula to obtain a target disturbance vector:
p＝τsl
wherein, the target complex integer vector l is not equal to 0, p represents the target disturbance vector, l' represents the complex integer vector, u represents the symbol vector to be coded, and the disturbance vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, W denotes the precoding matrix, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2>(Δ/2)2Wherein M isτDenotes the complex modulus operation and G denotes the channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the precoding the symbol vector to be encoded by using the target perturbation vector and the precoding matrix to obtain a signal to be transmitted comprises:
and precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector by adopting the following formula to obtain a signal to be sent:
Figure FDA0002969582870000021
wherein, beta represents a power normalization constant,
Figure FDA0002969582870000022
x denotes a signal to be transmitted.
3. A signal transmission method, applied to a receiving end device, the method comprising:
receiving a signal sent by sending end equipment, wherein the signal is obtained by precoding a symbol vector to be coded by the sending end equipment by using a target disturbance vector and a precoding matrix, and the symbol vector to be coded and the target disturbance vector satisfy a pre-established relational expression, and the relational expression is as follows: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
performing complex modulus operation on the received signal by adopting a complex modulus mode corresponding to the relational expression to obtain a signal to be demodulated;
demodulating the signal to be demodulated to obtain a received bit information stream;
the target disturbance vector is calculated by adopting the following formula:
p＝τsl
where l represents a target complex integer vector, and l ≠ 0, p represents a target perturbation vector, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2>(Δ/2)2G represents a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user;
the target complex integer vector is obtained by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002969582870000023
wherein l' represents a complex integer vector, u represents a symbol vector to be encoded, and a perturbation vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, and W denotes the precoding matrix;
performing a complex modulus operation on the received signal by using a complex modulus mode corresponding to the relational expression to obtain a signal to be demodulated, including:
determining a signal to be demodulated by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002969582870000031
wherein,
Figure FDA0002969582870000032
represents the signal to be demodulated, beta represents the power normalization constant, z represents the signal received by the receiving end device,
Figure FDA0002969582870000033
is the real part of (β z),
Figure FDA0002969582870000034
is the imaginary part of (β z),
Figure FDA0002969582870000035
Λ represents a constellation region corresponding to the modulation signal, τSDenotes sphere decoding parameters,. tau.denotes standard parameters, andSand τ satisfies: tau iss＝τ+δτ，δτRepresenting an extra offset, j being the unit of an imaginary number.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein demodulating the signal to be demodulated to obtain a received bit information stream comprises:
based on a relational expression satisfied by a signal to be demodulated and a bit information stream, demodulating the signal to be demodulated by adopting the following formula to obtain a received bit information stream:
Figure FDA0002969582870000036
where u denotes the received bit information stream,
Figure FDA0002969582870000037
is a complex Gaussian noise vector with element distribution satisfying
Figure FDA0002969582870000038
5. A signal transmission apparatus, applied to a sending-end device, the apparatus comprising:
the modulation module is used for carrying out quadrature amplitude modulation on bit information flow to be transmitted to obtain a symbol vector to be coded;
a determining module, configured to determine, based on a pre-established relation that needs to be satisfied between a symbol vector and a perturbation vector, a perturbation vector that satisfies the relation with the symbol vector to be encoded, as a target perturbation vector, where the relation is: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
the precoding module is used for precoding the symbol vector to be coded by using the target disturbance vector and the precoding matrix to obtain a signal to be sent;
the signal sending module is used for sending the signal to be sent;
the determining module is specifically configured to determine, as a target complex integer vector l, a complex integer vector that satisfies the following formula by using the following formula:
Figure FDA0002969582870000039
the determining module is specifically configured to multiply the target complex integer vector by the sphere decoding parameter using the following formula to obtain a target perturbation vector:
p＝τsl
wherein, the target complex integer vector l is not equal to 0, p represents the target disturbance vector, l' represents the complex integer vector, u represents the symbol vector to be coded, and the disturbance vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, W denotes the precoding matrix, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2>(Δ/2)2Wherein M isτDenotes the complex modulus operation and G denotes the channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user.
6. A signal transmission apparatus, applied to a receiving end device, the apparatus comprising:
a signal receiving module, configured to receive a signal sent by a sending end device, where the signal is obtained by precoding, by the sending end device, a symbol vector to be coded by using a target perturbation vector and a precoding matrix, and a pre-established relation is satisfied between the symbol vector to be coded and the target perturbation vector, where the relation is: a relational expression between the symbol vector and the disturbance vector is established based on the sphere decoding parameter and the pre-coding matrix;
the complex module is used for carrying out complex module operation on the received signal by adopting a complex module mode corresponding to the relational expression to obtain a signal to be demodulated;
the demodulation module is used for demodulating the signal to be demodulated to obtain a received bit information stream;
the target disturbance vector is calculated by adopting the following formula:
p＝τsl
whereinL denotes the target complex integer vector, and l ≠ 0, p denotes the target perturbation vector, τs＝2(cmax+Δ/2)+δτ，τSRepresenting sphere decoding parameters, cmaxRepresenting the maximum amplitude value of the modulation constellation points, delta representing the distance between modulation constellation points, deltaτIndicates an additional offset, δτThe amplitude limit is satisfied: i Mτ(δτGWl)||2>(Δ/2)2G represents a channel impulse response matrix of the eavesdropping user;
the target complex integer vector is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002969582870000051
wherein l' represents a complex integer vector, u represents a symbol vector to be encoded, and a perturbation vector liAnd uiI denotes the ith dimension of the vector, and W denotes the precoding matrix;
the complex modulus module is specifically configured to determine a signal to be demodulated by using the following formula:
Figure FDA0002969582870000052
wherein,
Figure FDA0002969582870000053
represents the signal to be demodulated, beta represents the power normalization constant, z represents the signal received by the receiving end device,
Figure FDA0002969582870000054
is the real part of (β z),
Figure FDA0002969582870000055
is the imaginary part of (β z),
Figure FDA0002969582870000056
Λ represents a constellation region corresponding to the modulation signal, τSDenotes sphere decoding parameters,. tau.denotes standard parameters, andSand τ satisfies: tau iss＝τ+δτ，δτRepresenting an extra offset, j being the unit of an imaginary number.
7. An electronic device is characterized by comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor and the communication interface are used for realizing mutual communication by the memory through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the method steps of any of claims 1-2 when executing a program stored in the memory.
8. An electronic device is characterized by comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor and the communication interface are used for realizing mutual communication by the memory through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the method steps of any of claims 3 to 4 when executing a program stored in the memory.
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