CN111197576A

CN111197576A - Variable-capacity compressor and air conditioner

Info

Publication number: CN111197576A
Application number: CN201911392306.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡余生; 魏会军; 苗旺; 阙沛祯; 胡艳军; 翟元彬; 马舒院
Original assignee: Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co Ltd of Zhuhai
Current assignee: Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co Ltd of Zhuhai; Zhuhai Gree Energy Saving Environmental Protection Refrigeration Technology Research Center Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-30
Filing date: 2019-12-30
Publication date: 2020-05-26

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to a variable-capacity compressor and an air conditioner, which comprise a shell, a liquid distributor, a variable-capacity tank, an upper cover component, a lower cover component, a motor, a crankshaft and a cylinder group, wherein the cylinder group is connected with the crankshaft, the cylinder group is communicated with the liquid distributor, and the cylinder group is communicated with the lower end of the variable-capacity tank; the upper end of the variable volume tank is communicated with a first pipeline, the first pipeline is communicated with the upper end of the liquid distributor through a second pipeline, the upper end of the variable volume tank is communicated with the upper cover assembly through a third pipeline, the second pipeline is provided with a single-cylinder variable volume switching valve, and the third pipeline is provided with a double-cylinder variable volume switching valve. According to the invention, the single-cylinder variable-volume switching valve is arranged on the second pipeline, the double-cylinder variable-volume switching valve is arranged on the third pipeline, and the drift diameters of the two switching valves are optimized, so that high pressure is quickly communicated when the double cylinders of the compressor are switched from the single cylinder, and high pressure is quickly released when the single cylinders are switched, thus the switching abnormal sound existing in the process of cutting the cylinders of the compressor is effectively solved, the switching time length is shortened, and the reliability of the compressor is improved.

Description

Variable-capacity compressor and air conditioner

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to a variable-capacity compressor and an air conditioner.

Background

The compressor is a driven fluid machine that raises low-pressure gas to high-pressure gas, and is the heart of a refrigeration system. The refrigerating cycle is powered by sucking low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas from the air suction pipe, driving the piston to compress the refrigerant gas through the operation of the motor, and discharging high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas to the exhaust pipe. With the continuous progress of the compressor and air conditioning system technology, higher requirements are made on the quality and the technology of the compressor. The application of the multi-split air conditioner external unit and multi-split air conditioner internal unit technology in the market is gradually wide, and the energy efficiency requirements of customers are higher and higher. When a plurality of internal machines work simultaneously, the common variable frequency compressor runs at high speed in the multi-split air conditioner, the high-load energy efficiency of the air conditioner is relatively high, but when the working quantity of the internal machines is small, the air conditioner compressor is in a low-load running state, the large-discharge variable frequency compressor needs to reduce the rotating speed to be low, the gas leakage amount inside the compressor and the friction work between parts can be increased when the compressor runs at low rotating speed, the motor efficiency is low, the system loss proportion is high, and the low-load energy efficiency of the air conditioner is relatively low. In order to improve the low-load energy efficiency of the air conditioner, a variable-capacity variable-frequency compressor is adopted in the system, when the air conditioner runs at a low load, a variable-capacity cylinder of the variable-capacity variable-frequency compressor is set to be in an idle-free and non-operating state (namely the number of cylinders for switching the work of the compressor), the rotating speed of the compressor is not very low, the gas leakage amount inside the compressor and the friction work between parts are relatively reduced, the motor efficiency is relatively high, and therefore the variable-capacity variable-frequency compressor is widely applied to the field of multi-split air. When the existing variable-capacity compressor is switched to a single-cylinder operation mode, abnormal sound occurs due to long time of pressure relief or stamping process, so that the reliability of a variable-capacity part of the compressor is reduced, the service life of the compressor is influenced, and the user experience is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a variable capacity compressor, a compressor comprising the variable capacity compressor, and an air conditioner comprising the compressor.

The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme:

a variable-capacity compressor comprises a shell, a liquid distributor communicated with the shell, a variable-capacity tank communicated with the shell, an upper cover assembly and a lower cover assembly which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the shell, a motor arranged in the shell, and a crankshaft connected with the motor, and further comprises a cylinder group connected with the crankshaft, wherein the cylinder group is communicated with the liquid distributor and the lower end of the variable-capacity tank; the upper end of the variable volume tank is communicated with a first pipeline, the first pipeline is communicated with the upper end of the liquid distributor through a second pipeline, the upper end of the variable volume tank is communicated with the upper cover assembly through a third pipeline, the second pipeline is provided with a single-cylinder variable volume switching valve, and the third pipeline is provided with a double-cylinder variable volume switching valve; the effective drift diameter of the single-cylinder variable-capacity switching valve is d₁And d is₁Is 3-13 mm, and the effective drift diameter of the double-cylinder variable-volume switching valve is d₂And d is not less than 2.5mm₂≤d₁。

Further, the cylinder group comprises a first cylinder assembly and a second cylinder assembly, the first cylinder assembly and the second cylinder assembly are both communicated with the liquid distributor, and the second cylinder assembly is communicated with the lower end of the variable volume tank

Further, the effective drift diameter of the second pipeline is d₃And d is₁≤d₃。

Further, the effective path of the third pipeline is d₄And d is₂≤d₄≤d₃。

Further, the second cylinder assembly comprises a lower cylinder connected with the crankshaft, a lower flange connected with the crankshaft, a lower sliding sheet movably connected in the lower cylinder, and a tail groove cavity arranged on the lower cylinder, wherein the tail groove cavity is communicated with the variable capacitance tank, and the lower sliding sheet is inserted into the tail groove cavity; the bottom of gleitbretter is provided with a pin groove down, the flange is provided with a pin that corresponds with the pin groove down.

Furthermore, the lower flange is provided with a pin hole for accommodating the pin, and an elastic resetting piece is arranged between the lower end of the pin and the bottom surface of the pin hole.

Further, the top of the pin is provided with a head part for being inserted into the pin groove, and the diameter of the head part is smaller than that of the pin hole.

Furthermore, a clamping groove is formed in one end, facing the tail groove cavity, of the lower sliding sheet, and a protruding portion corresponding to the clamping groove is arranged on the inner wall of the tail groove cavity.

Further, the varactor jar passes through intercommunication subassembly and tail groove cavity intercommunication, the intercommunication subassembly is including setting up the first connector on the casing, the second connector of being connected with first connector, with the first connecting pipe of varactor jar lower extreme intercommunication, the tip of first connecting pipe passes second connector and first connector, still is connected with the second connecting pipe at the tip of first connecting pipe, the tail groove cavity of cylinder is received to the second connecting pipe plug-in connection.

An air conditioner comprises the variable-capacity compressor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the upper end of the variable volume tank is communicated with the upper end of the liquid distributor through the second pipeline, the upper end of the variable volume tank is communicated with the upper cover assembly through the third pipeline, the single-cylinder variable volume switching valve is arranged on the second pipeline, the double-cylinder variable volume switching valve is arranged on the third pipeline, and the drift diameters of the two switching valves are optimized simultaneously, so that high pressure can be rapidly passed through when the single cylinder switches double cylinders of the compressor, and high pressure can be rapidly released when the double cylinders switch single cylinders, thereby effectively solving the problem of abnormal switching sound existing in the cylinder cutting process of the compressor, shortening the switching time, improving the reliability of the compressor, and improving the. On the other hand, the invention also has the advantages of convenient assembly, strong practicability, convenient popularization and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable displacement compressor according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a second cylinder assembly portion of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a pressure pulsation curve diagram of the tail of the sliding vane when the drift diameter of the single-cylinder variable-displacement switching valve is 2.5 mm.

FIG. 5 is a pressure pulsation curve of the tail of the sliding vane when the drift diameter of the single-cylinder variable-capacity switching valve is 5 mm.

The figure includes:

the variable-volume double-cylinder hydraulic cylinder comprises a shell 1, a liquid distributor 11, a variable-volume tank 12, an upper cover assembly 13, a lower cover assembly 14, a motor 15, a crankshaft 16, a first cylinder assembly 2, a second cylinder assembly 3, a lower cylinder 31, a lower flange 32, a pin hole 321, a lower sliding sheet 33, a clamping groove 331, a tail groove cavity 34, a bulge 341, a pin groove 35, a pin 36, a head 361, an elastic reset piece 37, a first pipeline 4, a second pipeline 5, a single-cylinder variable-volume switching valve 51, a third pipeline 6, a double-cylinder variable-volume switching valve 61, a communication assembly 7, a first connector 71, a second connector 72, a first connecting pipe 73 and a second connecting pipe 74.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the present invention for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the variable capacity compressor according to the present invention includes a variable capacity compressor including a casing 1, a liquid distributor 11 communicating with the casing 1, a variable capacity tank 12 communicating with the casing 1, an upper cover assembly 13 and a lower cover assembly 14 respectively provided at upper and lower ends of the casing 1, a motor 15 provided inside the casing 1, a crankshaft 16 connected to the motor 15, and a cylinder block connected to the crankshaft 16, the cylinder block communicating with the liquid distributor, the cylinder block communicating with a lower end of the variable capacity tank. The cylinder group comprises a first cylinder assembly 2 and a second cylinder assembly 3, the first cylinder assembly 2 and the second cylinder assembly 3 are both communicated with a liquid distributor 11, and the second cylinder assembly 3 is communicated with the lower end of the variable-volume tank 12; the upper end of the variable volume tank 12 is communicated with a first pipeline 4, the first pipeline 4 is communicated with the upper end of the liquid distributor 11 through a second pipeline 5, the upper end of the variable volume tank 12 is communicated with the upper cover assembly 13 (namely communicated into the shell 1) through a third pipeline 6, the second pipeline 5 is provided with a single-cylinder variable volume switching valve 51, and the third pipeline 6 is provided with a double-cylinder variable volume switching valve 61. The single-cylinder variable-volume switching valve 51 and the double-cylinder variable-volume switching valve 61b can ensure that the third pipeline 6 is quickly communicated with high pressure when the single cylinder switches double cylinders of the compressor, the second pipeline 5 is quickly discharged with high pressure when the double cylinders switch single cylinders,

the effective path of the single cylinder variable-volume switching valve 51 is d₁And d is₁3-13 mm. The effective path of the double cylinder variable volume switch valve 61 is d₂And d is not less than 2.5mm₂≤d₁. The effective diameter of the second pipeline 5 is d₃And d is₁≤d₃. The effective diameter of the third pipeline 6 is d₄And d is₂≤d₄≤d₃. In the flow-through state, the third line 6 or the second line 5 is not significantly throttled, i.e. either section of the third line 6 or the second line 5 is not smaller than the effective flow area of the respective variable volume switching valve.

The second cylinder assembly 3 comprises a lower cylinder 31 connected with the crankshaft 16, a lower flange 32 connected with the crankshaft 16, a lower sliding sheet 33 movably connected in the lower cylinder 31, and a tail groove cavity 34 arranged on the lower cylinder 31, wherein the tail groove cavity 34 is communicated with the variable volume tank 12, and the lower sliding sheet 33 is inserted into the tail groove cavity 34; the bottom of the lower sliding sheet 33 is provided with a pin 36 groove 35, and the lower flange 32 is provided with a pin 36 corresponding to the pin 36 groove 35. The lower flange 32 is provided with a pin 36 hole 321 for receiving the pin 36, and an elastic restoring member 37 is provided between the lower end of the pin 36 and the bottom surface of the pin 36 hole 321. The top of the pin 36 is provided with a head 361 for inserting the groove 35 of the pin 36, and the diameter of the head 361 is smaller than that of the hole 321 of the pin 36. A clamping groove 331 is formed in one end, facing the tail groove cavity 34, of the lower sliding piece 33, and a protruding portion 341 corresponding to the clamping groove 331 is formed in the inner wall of the tail groove cavity 34. In one embodiment, the tail slot cavity 34 is provided with an opening for inserting the lower sliding piece 33. The crankshaft 16 is provided with a roller corresponding to the lower cylinder 31, and when the motor 15 drives the crankshaft 16 to rotate, the roller pushes the lower cylinder 31 to move, and then the lower sliding sheet 33 can be pushed.

The first cylinder assembly 2 specifically comprises an upper flange connected with the crankshaft 16 and an upper cylinder, wherein an upper sliding sheet is movably connected in the upper cylinder, the upper cylinder is also provided with an upper cavity similar to the tail groove cavity 34, the upper sliding sheet can be plugged in the upper cavity, a mounting hole is further formed in the side wall of the upper cavity, a spring is arranged in the mounting hole, one end of the spring is connected with the wall of the mounting hole, and the other end of the spring is connected with the upper sliding sheet. The crankshaft 16 is also provided with a roller corresponding to the upper cylinder, and the spring allows the upper slide to be reset after being pushed by the roller. In this embodiment, the first cylinder assembly 2 and the second cylinder assembly 3 are separated by a partition, and the upper flange, the upper cylinder, the partition, the lower cylinder 31, and the lower flange 32 are arranged in this order from top to bottom in cross-sectional view. The liquid separation tank is respectively connected with the positions corresponding to the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder 31 through two pipelines.

Varactor jar 12 passes through intercommunication subassembly 7 and tail groove cavity 34 intercommunication, intercommunication subassembly 7 is including setting up first connector 71 on casing 1, the second connector 72 of being connected with first connector 71, with the first connecting pipe 73 of varactor jar 12 lower extreme intercommunication, second connector 72 and first connector 71 are passed to the tip of first connecting pipe 73, still are connected with second connecting pipe 74 at the tip of first connecting pipe 73, second connecting pipe 74 is pegged graft in the tail groove cavity 34 of cylinder.

Single cylinder variable volume switch valve 51 is opened in the single cylinder normal operating process, and double-cylinder variable volume switch valve 61 is in the closed condition, and when the double-cylinder was switched to the single cylinder of needs, closed single cylinder variable volume switch valve 51 opened double-cylinder variable volume switch valve 61, high-pressure gas passed through third pipeline 6 by from upper cover subassembly 13 and got into variable volume jar 12 rapidly, then got into tail groove cavity 34, promoted gleitbretter 33 work down to push pin 36 back completely in the hole 321 of pin. Double-cylinder normal operating in-process single cylinder varactor switching valve 51 closes, double-cylinder varactor switching valve 61 is in the open mode, when needing the double-cylinder to switch the single cylinder, close double-cylinder varactor switching valve 61, open single cylinder varactor switching valve 51, varactor 12 and tail tank cavity 34's high-pressure gas can unload through big latus rectum second pipeline 5 fast, under the effect of pin 36 elasticity reset piece 37 elasticity, the head 361 of pin 36 stretches into down in the pin 36 groove 35 of gleitbretter 33, gleitbretter 33 pins down, the varactor is in idle running state.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the process of switching the double cylinders from the single cylinder to the single cylinder, the pressure change condition of the head 361 of the pin 36 corresponding to the single cylinder variable-volume switching valve 51 with different diameters in the compressor is that if the effective diameter of the single cylinder variable-volume switching valve 51 is smaller, the single cylinder variable-volume switching valve 51 is opened when switching the single cylinder, the unloading of the high-pressure gas in the tail groove cavity 34 and the variable-volume tank 12 is slower, when the pressure of the high-pressure gas in the tail groove cavity 34 is lower than the exhaust pressure of the cylinder, the lower sliding vane 33 is pushed back to the bottom of the tail groove at high speed by the high-speed eccentrically-rotated roller and the high-pressure gas in the lower cylinder 31, the lower sliding vane 33 is separated from the roller and collides with the bottom of the tail groove of the cylinder sliding vane (the tail groove of the cylinder sliding vane is the right side portion of the bulge 341 in the existing fig. 3), then the, the head 361 of the lower sliding sheet 33 collides with the roller, so that the lower sliding sheet 33 is in a half-working collision state, until the gas pressure in the tail groove cavity 34 approaches the suction pressure, the elastic resetting piece 37 pushes the pin 36 upwards, the head 361 of the pin 36 extends into the groove 35 of the pin 36 to clamp the lower sliding sheet 33, and the single cylinder is successfully switched. Therefore, the larger the effective path of the single cylinder variable-displacement switching valve 51 is in a certain range, the faster the high-pressure gas in the tail tank cavity 34 and the variable-displacement tank 12 is unloaded, and the impact frequency of abnormal sound during switching can be greatly reduced or even eliminated. If the double-cylinder variable-capacity switching and the drift diameter of the high-pressure channel are too large, the volume of the high-pressure channel is increased to a certain extent, and then the high-pressure gas filling of the cylinder tail groove cavity 34 is delayed when the double cylinders are switched by the compressor, so that the switching speed is slow. Thus limiting the dimensional relationship to 5mm < d₁D is less than or equal to 10mm and 2.5mm₂≤d1，d₁≤d₃，d₂≤d₄≤d₃。

In this embodiment, the variable volume tank 12 is communicated with the tail groove cavity 34 of the lower cylinder 31, and may also be communicated with the upper cavity of the upper cylinder during specific implementation. The invention is not only suitable for the double-cylinder compressor variable-capacity compressor, but also suitable for the three-cylinder compressor variable-capacity compressor, the multistage variable-capacity compressor, the vertical and horizontal rotor compressors and the like.

The invention also provides an air conditioner which comprises the variable volume compressor.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently attached, removably attached, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

While the invention has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments set forth above, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the included claims.

Claims

1. A variable capacity compressor comprises a shell, a liquid distributor communicated with the shell, a variable capacity tank communicated with the shell, an upper cover assembly and a lower cover assembly which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the shell, a motor arranged in the shell, and a crankshaft connected with the motor, and is characterized by further comprising a cylinder group connected with the crankshaft, wherein the cylinder group is communicated with the liquid distributor and is communicated with the lower end of the variable capacity tank; the upper end of the variable volume tank is communicated with a first pipeline, the first pipeline is communicated with the upper end of the liquid distributor through a second pipeline, the upper end of the variable volume tank is communicated with the upper cover assembly through a third pipeline, the second pipeline is provided with a single-cylinder variable volume switching valve, and the third pipeline is provided with a double-cylinder variable volume switching valve; the effective drift diameter of the single-cylinder variable-capacity switching valve is d₁And d is₁Is 3-13 mm, and the effective drift diameter of the double-cylinder variable-volume switching valve is d₂And d is not less than 2.5mm₂≤d₁。

2. The variable capacity compressor of claim 1, wherein the cylinder bank includes a first cylinder assembly and a second cylinder assembly, the first cylinder assembly and the second cylinder assembly each communicating with a liquid separator, the second cylinder assembly communicating with a lower end of the variable capacity tank.

3. The variable capacity compressor according to claim 2, characterized in thatCharacterized in that the effective path of the second pipeline is d₃And d is₁≤d₃。

4. The variable capacity compressor of claim 3, wherein the third conduit has an effective path d₄And d is₂≤d₄≤d₃。

5. The variable capacity compressor of claim 2, wherein the second cylinder assembly comprises a lower cylinder connected to the crankshaft, a lower flange connected to the crankshaft, a lower slide movably connected to the lower cylinder, and a tail groove cavity disposed on the lower cylinder, the tail groove cavity communicating with the variable capacity tank, the lower slide being inserted into the tail groove cavity; the bottom of gleitbretter is provided with a pin groove down, the flange is provided with a pin that corresponds with the pin groove down.

6. The variable capacity compressor according to claim 5, wherein the lower flange is provided with a pin hole for receiving the pin, and an elastic restoring member is provided between a lower end of the pin and a bottom surface of the pin hole.

7. The variable capacity compressor according to claim 6, wherein a head portion for insertion into a pin groove is provided at a top portion of the pin, and a diameter of the head portion is smaller than a diameter of the pin hole.

8. The variable capacity compressor according to claim 5, wherein a locking groove is formed at an end of the lower sliding vane facing the tail groove cavity, and a protruding portion corresponding to the locking groove is formed on an inner wall of the tail groove cavity.

9. The variable capacity compressor according to claim 5, wherein the variable capacity tank communicates with the tail groove cavity through a communication assembly, the communication assembly comprises a first connector disposed on the housing, a second connector connected to the first connector, and a first connecting pipe communicated with a lower end of the variable capacity tank, an end of the first connecting pipe passes through the second connector and the first connector, a second connecting pipe is further connected to an end of the first connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe is inserted into the tail groove cavity of the cylinder.

10. An air conditioner characterized by comprising the variable capacity compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.