CN111195876B - Synchronous fastening device - Google Patents
Synchronous fastening device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111195876B CN111195876B CN201811381040.XA CN201811381040A CN111195876B CN 111195876 B CN111195876 B CN 111195876B CN 201811381040 A CN201811381040 A CN 201811381040A CN 111195876 B CN111195876 B CN 111195876B
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- driving gear
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B17/00—Hand-driven gear-operated wrenches or screwdrivers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
- B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a synchronous fastening device, in particular to an automatic device capable of simultaneously fastening a plurality of screws. Its purpose is in order to provide a simple structure, debug convenient, the high synchronous fastener of reliability. The synchronous fastening device comprises a power source, a base, a fixed shaft fixedly arranged on one side of the base, a driving gear, a plurality of driven gears, a plurality of transmission shafts and fasteners, wherein the driving gear is sleeved on the fixed shaft and can rotate relative to the fixed shaft, the driven gears can be meshed with the driving gear, the transmission shafts can synchronously rotate with the driven gears, the fasteners are connected with one end parts of the transmission shafts and can synchronously move along with the transmission shafts, the fasteners are used for fastening fastened pieces, the shapes of the fasteners are matched with those of the fasteners, the power source is used for providing power for the driving gear, and the synchronous fastening device further comprises a protection structure. The device realizes synchronous screw tightening by using a single power source, and has the advantages of simple assembly and debugging, low cost, low environmental requirement and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of design and manufacture of transmission equipment, in particular to an automatic device capable of simultaneously fastening a plurality of screws.
Background
With the increasing progress of science and technology, various industries are continuously changed into mechanical and automatic production modes by manual operation.
Through research and study, the current screw tightening mode and sequence are basically manually screwed one by one, and then each screw is recycled and gradually tightened, but the mode of manually tightening the screws causes different effective fastening force of each screw, and when the screws are manually tightened, the control of the magnitude of the fastening force depends on experience and feeling, when the fastening force is overlarge, the deformation and the failure of the fastened piece are easily caused, particularly in the occasions of pressure tanks and thin-wall structures fastened by a plurality of screws.
The device and equipment for synchronously screwing the screws in the prior art are mainly based on the transmission of a motor, hydraulic pressure and pneumatics and are matched with a corresponding control system. The existing device and equipment have the disadvantages of complex structural composition, complex motion relation, low reliability, high requirement on environmental indexes and high price.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a screw synchronous fastening device which is simple in structure, convenient to debug and high in reliability.
The synchronous fastening device comprises a single power source, a base, a fixed shaft fixedly arranged on one side of the base, a driving gear which is sleeved on the fixed shaft and can rotate relative to the fixed shaft, a plurality of driven gears which can be meshed with the driving gear, a plurality of transmission shafts which can synchronously rotate with the driven gears, and a fastening piece which is connected with one end part of the transmission shafts and can synchronously move along with the transmission shafts, wherein the fastening piece is used for connecting a fastened piece to fasten the fastened piece, the single power source is used for providing power for the driving gear,
the driving gear is driven by the single power source to rotate under the action of the single power source so as to realize the fastening action on the fastened piece when the torque applied to the driving gear is smaller than or equal to the standard torque of the fastened piece, and the driving gear can be separated from the action of the single power source to stop rotating through the protection structure when the torque applied to the driving gear is larger than the standard torque required by the fastened piece and does not apply the fastening action on the fastened piece any more.
The invention relates to a synchronous fastening device, wherein the protection structure comprises a torque disc sleeved on a fixed shaft and a second elastic plunger fixedly arranged on the torque disc, a pit corresponding to the second elastic plunger is formed in the driving gear, when the torque applied to the torque disc is smaller than or equal to the standard torque of a fastened piece, the second elastic plunger can be embedded into the pit to realize the synchronous rotation of the driving gear along with the torque disc, when the torque applied to the torque disc is larger than the standard torque required by the fastened piece, the second elastic plunger can be separated from the pit, and the driving gear does not rotate along with the rotation of the torque disc.
One end of the second elastic plunger is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the torque disc, and the other end of the second elastic plunger is a free end matched with the shape of the concave pit.
The invention relates to a synchronous fastening device, wherein a torque disc and a driving gear are rigidly constrained in the axial direction.
In the synchronous fastening device of the present invention, the driving gear and the torque disc are movable in an axial direction with respect to the fixed shaft to bring the driving gear into or out of engagement.
According to the synchronous fastening device, the driving gear and the torque disc move relative to the fixed shaft in the axial direction through the matching of the protrusions and the key grooves between the driving gear and the fixed shaft and between the torque disc and the fixed shaft.
The synchronous fastening device of the invention is characterized in that the bulges are arranged on the inner peripheral surfaces of the driving gear and the torque disc along the axial direction, and the key groove is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft and is matched with the bulges in shape;
or the bulge is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the fixed shaft along the axial direction, the key groove is arranged on the inner circumferential surfaces of the driving gear and the torque disc and is matched with the bulge in shape,
and the length of the key groove in the axial direction is longer than that of the protrusion so as to realize the relative movement of the protrusion and the key groove in the axial direction.
The synchronous fastening device of the invention is characterized in that a positioning structure is arranged between the torque disc and the fixed shaft.
The synchronous fastening device comprises a torque disc, a fixing shaft, a driving gear, a positioning structure and a fixing shaft, wherein the positioning structure is a first elastic plunger, one end of the first elastic plunger is fixedly installed on one outer side surface of the torque disc, a groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the first elastic plunger, on the fixing shaft, and when the torque disc moves upwards along the axial direction until the driving gear is disengaged from the driving gear, the other end of the first elastic plunger can be embedded into the groove so as to fix the torque disc at a certain position.
The synchronous fastening device of the present invention, wherein the fastening member is detachably attached to the drive shaft.
The synchronous fastening device is different from the prior art in that the synchronous fastening device uses a single power source, the driving gear drives the driven gears to move, the synchronous fastening of the fastened pieces is realized through the meshing transmission between the gears and the synchronous rotation between the driven gears and the transmission shaft and the synchronous rotation of the fastened pieces and the transmission shaft, and the protection structure is arranged to prevent the fastened pieces from deforming due to overlarge applied torque. The whole device has simple structure, very simple motion relation transmission, convenient debugging and assembly, and suitability for mass production, and simultaneously has lower requirement on the environment when in use, and can be suitable for operation in various occasions; the application range is wide, and fastening of different types of fasteners can be realized; fastening efficiency is high, improves the operating efficiency.
The protective structure in the synchronous fastening device is a torque disc and an elastic plunger piston, the elastic plunger piston can be embedded into and separated from a pit on a driving gear, when the torque applied to the torque disc is larger than the standard torque required by a fastened piece, the second elastic plunger piston can be separated from the pit, the driving gear does not rotate along with the rotation of the torque disc, the fastened piece does not exert the fastening effect on the fastened piece any more, the protective effect on the fastened piece is realized, and the fastened piece is prevented from being deformed due to overlarge stress; the torque disc and the driving gear form rigid constraint in the axial direction, so that the synchronous rotation performance between the torque disc and the driving gear is improved, and the accuracy of motion transmission is ensured; the driving gear and the torque disc can move in the axial direction, so that the driving gear enters or is disengaged, and the interference of the driving gear on the positioning operation is avoided when the positioning operation is carried out on the fastener and the fastened piece before the fastening is carried out; the driving gear and the torque disc move in the axial direction through the matching of the protrusions and the key grooves, the design is simple, and the axial movement of the driving gear and the torque disc is convenient; the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the torque disc and the driving gear at a certain position when the driving gear is disengaged, so that the axial movement of the driving gear is prevented from influencing the positioning operation of the fastener and the fastened piece; the positioning structure is a first elastic plunger with one end fixed on the outer side surface of the torque disc, and the other end of the positioning structure is matched with the groove on the fixed shaft, so that the positioning structure is convenient to process and manufacture; the fastener is detachably connected to the transmission shaft so as to fasten different fastened parts, enlarge the application range of the device and change the repair and replacement of the fastener.
The synchronous fastening device of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a driving gear and a driven gear engaged with each other when the synchronous fastening device of the present invention is not provided with a protection structure;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the synchronous fastening device of the present invention without a protection structure, wherein the driving gear is disengaged from the driven gear;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the synchronous fastening device of the present invention with a protective structure disposed therein;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second elastomeric plunger of the protective structure of the present invention embedded in a recess of the present synchronous fastening device;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the synchronous tightening device of the present invention with a positioning structure between the torque plate and the stationary shaft and with the addition of a transition gear;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a drive gear of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a projection and keyway/resilient projection and groove of a simultaneous fastening device of the present invention in one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the engagement of a protrusion with a key groove/the engagement of an elastic projection with a groove in another embodiment of the synchronous fastening device of the present invention.
The gear-type transmission mechanism comprises a base-1, a driven gear-2, a transmission shaft-3, an extension end-31, a driving gear-4, a guide surface-41, a bearing surface-42, a fixed shaft-5, a torque disc-6, a second elastic plunger-7, a free end-71, a transition gear-8, a first layer gear-81, a second layer gear-82, a gear shaft-83, a first elastic plunger-9, a fastener-10, a fixed frame-11, a pit-12, a bulge-13, a key groove-14, an elastic bump-15 and a groove-16.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals are used to designate the same elements throughout the several views. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, what is meant is "including, but not limited to".
In the present application, "up" is an upward orientation in the axial direction, and "down" is a downward orientation in the axial direction; carrying out bearing surface: the tooth form of the middle part of the gear tooth of the gear is a standard tooth form, and one surface of the standard tooth form for bearing load is called a bearing surface; a guide surface: the two sides of the gear tooth are cutting edges, and the cutting edges are gradually transited to the two side surfaces of the standard tooth form respectively to be called as guide surfaces.
At present, the mode and sequence for screwing the screws are basically screwed in one by one manually, and then each screw is recirculated and screwed gradually, but the mode of manually screwing the screws is very slow in working efficiency and causes different effective fastening force of each screw, and the control of the fastening force depends on experience and feeling when manually screwing the screws, when the fastening force is too large, the fastened piece is easy to deform and lose efficacy, especially in the occasions of pressure tank body and fastening thin-wall structure by a plurality of screws, in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a synchronous fastening device, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, comprising a single power source, a base 1, a fixed shaft 5 fixedly arranged at one side of the base 1, a driving gear 4 sleeved on the fixed shaft 5 and capable of rotating relative to the fixed shaft 5, a plurality of driven gears 2 all capable of being externally engaged with the driving gear 4, A plurality of transmission shafts 3 capable of synchronously rotating with the driven gear 2, fasteners 10 connected with one end of the transmission shafts 3 and capable of synchronously moving along with the transmission shafts 3, the fasteners 10 being used for connecting the fastened members to fasten the fastened members, the shape of the fasteners 10 being matched with the shape of the fasteners 10, the single power source being used for providing power to the driving gear 4, and as shown in fig. 3, the driving gear protection device further comprises a protection structure for protecting the fastened members, when the torque applied on the driving gear 4 is less than or equal to the standard torque of the fastened members, the driving gear 4 rotates under the action of the single power source to fasten the fastened members, when the torque applied on the driving gear 4 is greater than the standard torque required by the fastened members, the driving gear 4 is separated from the action of the single power source to stop rotating through the protection structure, no further tightening is applied to the fastened piece.
Preferably, a single power source, i.e. only one power source is required, e.g. one person or one hand is used, one motor is used instead of a plurality of motors, no electrical control is required or is particularly simple and cost-effective.
Preferably, the fixed shaft 5, the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 are all installed on the upper side of the base 1, one end of the transmission shaft 3 penetrates through the base 1 from top to bottom and then extends downwards for a certain length to form an extending end 31, and the extending end 31 is rigidly connected with the fastener 10 in the circumferential direction.
Preferably, in order to achieve the fixing of the fastening member 10 of a different structure or kind, to enlarge the application range of the present invention, and to facilitate the replacement and maintenance of the fastening member 10, the fastening member 10 is detachably coupled to the extension end 31 of the fixing shaft 5, for example, by a screw coupling. In the present invention, the fastened member is preferably a screw.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a plurality of fixing frames 11 are fixedly provided on the base 1 corresponding to the transmission shaft 3, and the fixing frames 11 and the base 1 sandwich the driven gear 2 to restrict the movement of the driven gear 2 in the axial direction. Specifically, the other end of the transmission shaft 3 corresponding to the extending end 31 penetrates through the fixing frame 11 from bottom to top, and the lower surface of the fixing frame 11 abuts against the hub of the driven gear 2, so that the fixing frame 11 and the base 1 clamp the driven gear 2.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, in order to better protect the fastened member, the protecting structure includes a torque disc 6 sleeved on the fixed shaft 5 and a second elastic plunger 7 disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the torque disc 6, the driving gear 4 is provided with a recess 12 corresponding to the second elastic plunger 7, when the torque applied to the torque disc 6 is less than or equal to the standard torque of the fastened member, the second elastic plunger 7 can be inserted into the recess 12 to realize the synchronous rotation of the driving gear 4 with the torque disc 6, and when the torque applied to the torque disc 6 is greater than the standard torque required by the fastened member, the second elastic plunger 7 can be disengaged from the recess 12, and the driving gear 4 does not rotate with the rotation of the torque disc 6. The free end 71 of the second elastic plunger 7 is matched with the pit 12, and the standard torque value required by a fastened piece can be adjusted by modifying the depth and the gradient of the pit 12, the pre-pressure of the free end 71 and the distance of the pit 12 from the axis.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 4, in order to better realize the synchronous rotation of the torque disc 6 and the driving gear 4, one end of the second elastic plunger 7 is fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the torque disc 6, and the other end thereof is a free end 71 matched with the shape of the concave pit 12, and the free end 71 is preferably a ball head.
Preferably, in order to better ensure the synchronous rotation performance of the torque disc 6 and the driving gear 4 and ensure the accuracy of the motion transmission between the two, the torque disc 6 and the driving gear 4 are designed to be rigidly restrained in the axial direction, so that the relative positions of the two are kept unchanged.
Since the positioning operation between the fastening member and the fastened member is usually performed before the fastened member is fastened, in the positioning, it is sometimes necessary to perform a proper fine adjustment rotation on the fastening member 10 to ensure the positioning accuracy, and in the fine adjustment rotation on the fastening member 10, the driven gear 2 will also rotate along with the fastening member, and if the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 are still in the engaged state, the driving gear 4 will interfere with the positioning operation, so to avoid the interference, it is preferable that the driving gear 4 can move in the axial direction relative to the fixed shaft 5, and at the same time, the torque disc 6 can move up and down in the axial direction relative to the fixed shaft 5 to make the driving gear 4 enter or disengage.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, in order to realize the movement of the driving gear 4 and the torque disc 6 in the axial direction, a structure in which the protrusion 13 and the key groove 14 are engaged with each other is provided between the driving gear 4 and the fixed shaft 5 and between the torque disc 6 and the fixed shaft 5, which is simple in structure and high in reliability.
Further preferably, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the structure of the protrusion 13 and the key groove 14 may be: the bulge 13 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the driving gear 4 and the inner circumferential surface of the torque disc 6 along the axial direction (the structure is not shown in the figure), and the key slot 14 is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the fixed shaft 5 and is matched with the shape of the bulge 13;
in another embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the protrusion 13 and the key groove 14 are configured as follows: the protrusions 13 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the fixed shaft 5 in the axial direction, the key grooves 14 are opened on the inner circumferential surface of the driving gear 4 and on the inner circumferential surface of the torque disk 6 (structures not shown in the figure) and are matched in shape with the protrusions 13,
and in both embodiments, the opening length of the key groove 14 in the axial direction is greater than the arrangement length of the protrusion 13 so as to realize the relative movement of the protrusion 13 and the key groove 14 in the axial direction.
Further preferably, the combination of the protrusion 13 and the key groove 14 is provided in two sets, and the two sets are in an opposite arrangement.
More preferably, the protrusion 13 may be integrally formed with the fixed shaft 5, the drive gear 4, and the torque plate 6, or may be separately formed and then fixedly attached.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, in order to fix the driving gear 4 and the torque disc 6 at a certain position when the driving gear 4 is disengaged and avoid the axial movement of the driving gear 4 from affecting the positioning operation of the fastener 10 and the fastened member, a positioning structure is provided between the torque disc 6 and the fixed shaft 5.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 5, for convenience of manufacturing, the positioning structure is a first elastic plunger 9, one end of the first elastic plunger 9 is fixedly installed on an outer side surface of the torque disc 6, a groove is formed in a position, corresponding to the elastic plunger, of the fixed shaft 5, and when the torque disc 6 moves upward along the axial direction until the driving gear 4 is disengaged, the other end of the first elastic plunger 9 can be inserted into the groove to fix the torque disc 6 at a certain position, so as to fix the driving gear 4 at a certain position.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a positioning structure may be provided between the driving gear 4 and the fixed shaft 5, so that the driving gear 4 and the fixed shaft 5, and the torque plate 6 and the fixed shaft 5 are positioned doubly, thereby improving reliability.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, for convenience of design while simplifying the structure, the positioning structure is a combination structure of the elastic projection 15 and the groove 16.
Further preferably, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the arrangement of the elastic protrusions 15 and the grooves 16 is as follows: the elastic lug 15 is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the driving gear 4, and the groove 16 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft 5 and is matched with the shape of the elastic lug 15;
in another embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the arrangement of the elastic protrusions 15 and the grooves 16 is as follows: the elastic lug 15 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the fixed shaft 5, and the groove 16 is opened on the inner circumferential surface of the driving gear 4 and is matched with the shape of the elastic lug 15.
Further preferably, in order to improve the reliability of the positioning, the combination structure of the elastic protrusions 15 and the grooves 16 is provided in two sets, and the two sets are in an opposite arrangement.
Further preferably, the elastic projection 15 may be integrally formed on the fixed shaft 5 or the driving gear 4, or may be separately formed and then fixedly attached.
The working process of the synchronous fastening device of the invention is as follows: before fastening a fastened piece such as a screw, firstly, positioning operation is carried out between a fastener 10 and the screw, a driving gear 4 and a torque disc 6 are moved upwards along the axial direction until the driving gear 4 is disengaged from a driven gear 2, the fastener 10 is aligned with the screw, then the driving gear 4 and the torque disc 6 are moved downwards along the axial direction until the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 are in a correct engagement state, then torque is applied to the torque disc 6, the torque disc 6 is matched with a pit 12 of the driving gear 4 through a ball head of a ball spring to realize synchronous rotation of the driving gear 4, the driving gear 4 rotates to drive the driven gear 2 to rotate, the driven gear 2 drives a transmission shaft 3 to rotate, the transmission shaft 3 rotates to transmit torque to the fastener 10, the fastener 10 outputs torque to the fastened piece, and fastening of the screw is realized,
when the torque applied to the torque disc 6 is larger than the set torque value, the ball head of the second elastic plunger 7 retracts into the plunger and is separated from the pit 12 on the driving gear 4, the torque disc 6 does not transmit the set torque to the driving gear 4 any more, the torque disc 6 rotates for a certain angle, and the ball head of the second elastic plunger 7 enters the pit 12 of the driving gear 4 again to prepare for the next use.
Example 2
The present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in structure in that: the axes of the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 are parallel to each other and staggered from each other in the axial direction, when the driving gear 4 moves towards the driven gear 2, one of the conditions is that the inter-tooth gap of the driving gear 4 is just overlapped with the teeth of the driven gear 2, and the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 can be normally meshed without any rotation; in another case, when the central lines of the gear teeth of the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 are overlapped in a mathematical sense, the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 cannot be meshed; in another case, the relative position of the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 during meshing is between the two cases, that is, the inter-tooth gap of the driving gear 4 and the teeth of the driven gear 2 are staggered, the center lines of the teeth of the two gears do not coincide, and the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 cannot be normally meshed. In view of the above three situations, in order to ensure the normal engagement between the driven gear 2 and the driving gear 4 and to achieve the stable and reliable engagement between the driving gear 4 and each driven gear 2, the tooth profile of the gear teeth needs to be properly processed, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 6, the two sides of the teeth of the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 are guiding surfaces 41, the guiding surfaces 41 are inclined surfaces with cutting edges, and the middle is a bearing surface 42, so that when the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 start to mesh, when the central lines of the gear teeth of the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 are overlapped in a mathematical sense, the two cutting edges are in unstable line contact, the cutting edges are staggered with each other through deformation, so that the two cutting edges are in contact with each other by two inclined planes, the driven gears 2 are smoothly meshed under the guidance of the inclined plane, and the driving gear 4 generates a torque to the driven gears 2, so that each driven gear 2 rotates forwards or backwards by half the angle of the gear teeth; or when the inter-tooth clearance of the driving gear 4 and the gear teeth of the driven gear 2 are staggered and the gear tooth center lines of the two gears are not overlapped, the driving gear 4 is directly contacted with the two guide inclined planes when meshed with the driven gear 2, so that each driven gear 2 rotates forwards or backwards by an angle smaller than half of the gear teeth. That is, when the two sides of the teeth of the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2 are guiding inclined planes with cutting edges, the driving gear 4 is engaged with the driven gear 2, so that each driven gear 2 freely rotates at most a half tooth included angle, the stable engagement transmission of the driving gear 4 and each driven gear 2 is ensured, and the load transmission is borne by the bearing surface 42.
Preferably, the included angle of the ramp is less than 90 degrees, as a result of the width of the teeth.
Example 3
The present embodiment differs from embodiments 1 and 2 in structure in that: as shown in fig. 5, in order to reduce the input torque when the output torque is the same, thereby achieving the effect of saving labor and reducing the input of power, and the rotation direction of the output torque can be changed to be the same as the rotation direction of the input torque, the invention is also provided with a plurality of transition gears 8. Specifically, a gear shaft 83 is fixedly mounted on the base 1, the transition gear 8 is sleeved on the gear shaft 83 and can rotate relative to the gear shaft 83, and the transition gear 8 is respectively engaged with the driving gear 4 and the driven gear 2.
Further preferably, the transition gear 8 comprises a first layer gear 81 and a second layer gear 82 integrated with the first layer gear 81, the first layer gear 81 and the second layer gear 82 are vertically arranged up and down, the first layer gear 81 is used for being meshed with the driving gear 4, and the second layer gear 82 is used for being meshed with the driven gear 2. At this time, the driving gear 4 is not mounted on the upper surface of the base 1, but is spaced apart from the base 1, and the driving gear 4 is fixed at a certain position by a positioning structure, such as a combination structure of the elastic protrusion 15 and the groove 16 (the specific structure is as described above). When the driving gear 4 and the transition gear 8 are changed from a disengaged state to an engaged state, the free rotation angle of the driven gear 2 can be reduced, so that the error of the rotation distance of the fastened piece is smaller, and the fastened piece is stressed more uniformly.
Further preferably, in order to ensure the stable meshing transmission relationship between the transition gear 8 and the driving gear 4, and between the transition gear 8 and the driven gear 2, the teeth of the transition gear 8 are processed as described above, that is, the two sides of the teeth of the transition gear 8 are also the guide surfaces 41 with the cutting edges, the guide surfaces 41 are inclined surfaces, and the middle is the bearing surface 42, so that when the driving gear 4 meshes with the transition gear 8, and the transition gear 8 meshes with the driven gear 2, and the tooth center lines of the driving gear 4 and the transition gear 8, and the tooth center lines of the transition gear 8 and the driven gear 2 are mathematically overlapped, the two cutting edges are unstable line contact, and the cutting edges are staggered with each other by deformation, thereby becoming two inclined surface contacts, and smoothly meshing under the guidance of the inclined surfaces, and the driving gear 4 generates a torque to the transition gear 8 and the transition gear 8 to the driven gear 2, the angle of half a gear tooth is positively rotated or negatively rotated by each driven gear 2; or when the inter-tooth gaps of the driving gear 4 and the gear teeth of the transition gear 8 and the inter-tooth gaps of the transition gear 8 and the gear teeth of the driven gear 2 are staggered and the center lines of the gear teeth of the two gears do not coincide, the driving gear 4 is directly contacted with the two guide inclined planes when meshed with the transition gear 8 and the driven gear 2, so that each driven gear 2 rotates forwards or backwards by an angle smaller than half of the gear teeth. That is, when the two sides of the teeth of the driving gear 4, the transition gear 8 and the driven gear 2 are guiding inclined planes with cutting edges, the driving gear 4, the transition gear 8 and the driven gear 2 are engaged, so that each driven gear 2 freely rotates at most a half tooth included angle, stable engagement transmission of each gear is ensured, and load transmission is borne by the bearing surface 42.
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 in the using process is that: when the driving gear 4 transmits the motion, the motion is transmitted to the first stage gear 81 of the transition gear 8, and then the motion is transmitted to the driven gear 2 by the second stage gear 82 of the transition gear 8.
The synchronous fastening device can fasten different fastened pieces, and simultaneously change the extension length of the extension end of the transmission shaft or the structure of the fastened piece, thereby realizing the synchronous fastening of the fastened pieces in different planes.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A synchronous fastening device, characterized in that: comprises a single power source, a base (1), a fixed shaft (5) fixedly arranged on one side of the base (1), a driving gear (4) which is sleeved on the fixed shaft (5) and can rotate relative to the fixed shaft (5), a plurality of driven gears (2) which can be meshed with the driving gear (4), a plurality of transmission shafts (3) which can synchronously rotate with the driven gears (2), and fasteners (10) which are connected with one end part of the transmission shafts (3) and can synchronously move along with the transmission shafts (3), wherein the fasteners (10) are used for connecting the fastened pieces to fasten the fastened pieces, the single power source is used for providing power for the driving gear (4),
the fixed shaft (5), the driving gear (4) and the driven gear (2) are all arranged on the upper side of the base (1), and the driving gear (4) can move in the axial direction relative to the fixed shaft (5);
one end of the transmission shaft (3) penetrates through the base (1) from top to bottom, extends downwards for a certain length and forms an extending end (31), and the extending end (31) is rigidly connected with the fastener (10) in the circumferential direction;
the upper side of the base (1) is fixedly provided with a plurality of fixing frames (11) corresponding to the transmission shaft (3), the other end of the transmission shaft (3) corresponding to the extension end (31) penetrates through the fixing frames (11) from bottom to top, the lower surfaces of the fixing frames (11) are abutted against the hub of the driven gear (2), and the driven gear (2) is clamped between the fixing frames (11) and the base (1) so as to limit the movement of the driven gear (2) in the axial direction;
the driving gear (4) rotates under the action of the single power source to realize the fastening action on a fastened piece through the protection structure when the torque applied to the driving gear (4) is smaller than or equal to the standard torque of the fastened piece, and the driving gear (4) can be separated from the action of the single power source to stop rotating through the protection structure when the torque applied to the driving gear (4) is larger than the standard torque required by the fastened piece and does not apply the fastening action on the fastened piece any more;
the protection structure comprises a torque disc (6) sleeved on the fixed shaft (5) and a second elastic plunger (7) fixedly arranged on the torque disc (6), and the second elastic plunger (7) can be embedded into and separated from a pit on the driving gear (4); the torque disc (6) and the driving gear (4) are rigidly constrained in the axial direction, and the driving gear (4) and the torque disc (6) can move in the axial direction relative to the fixed shaft (5) so as to enable the driving gear (4) to enter or disengage.
2. The synchronous fastening device of claim 1, wherein: the driving gear (4) is provided with a pit (12) corresponding to the second elastic plunger (7), when the torque applied to the torque disc (6) is smaller than or equal to the standard torque of a fastened piece, the second elastic plunger (7) can be embedded into the pit (12) to realize the synchronous rotation of the driving gear (4) along with the torque disc (6), when the torque applied to the torque disc (6) is larger than the standard torque required by the fastened piece, the second elastic plunger (7) can be separated from the pit (12), and the driving gear (4) does not rotate along with the rotation of the torque disc (6).
3. The synchronous fastening device of claim 2, wherein: one end of the second elastic plunger (7) is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the torque disc (6), and the other end of the second elastic plunger is a free end (71) matched with the shape of the concave pit (12).
4. The synchronous fastening device of claim 3, wherein: the driving gear (4) and the fixed shaft (5) and the torque disc (6) and the fixed shaft (5) are matched through a protrusion (13) and a key groove (14) to realize the movement of the driving gear (4) and the torque disc (6) relative to the fixed shaft (5) in the axial direction.
5. The synchronous fastening device of claim 4, wherein: the protrusions (13) are arranged on the inner circumferential surfaces of the driving gear (4) and the torque disc (6) along the axial direction, and the key grooves (14) are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the fixed shaft (5) and are matched with the protrusions (13) in shape;
or the bulge (13) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the fixed shaft (5) along the axial direction, the key slot (14) is arranged on the inner circumferential surfaces of the driving gear (4) and the torque disc (6) and is matched with the bulge (13) in shape,
and the opening length of the key groove (14) in the axial direction is greater than that of the protrusion (13) so as to realize the relative movement of the protrusion (13) and the key groove (14) in the axial direction.
6. Synchronous fastening device according to any of claims 2-5, characterized in that: and a positioning structure is arranged between the torque disc (6) and the fixed shaft (5).
7. The synchronous fastening device of claim 6, wherein: the positioning structure is a first elastic plunger (9), one end of the first elastic plunger (9) is fixedly installed on one outer side face of the torque disc (6), a groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the first elastic plunger (9), on the fixing shaft (5), when the torque disc (6) moves upwards along the axial direction to the driving gear (4) to be disengaged, the other end of the first elastic plunger (9) can be embedded into the groove to fix the torque disc (6) at a certain position.
8. The synchronous fastening device of claim 1, wherein: the fastener (10) is detachably connected to the drive shaft (3).
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| CN201811381040.XA CN111195876B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Synchronous fastening device |
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| CN201811381040.XA CN111195876B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Synchronous fastening device |
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| CN111195876B true CN111195876B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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| CN111890303A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Subarray plugging mechanism with synchronous locking function |
| CN112720325A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-30 | 国网山东省电力公司菏泽供电公司 | All-round live working spanner |
| CN114769736B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-08-22 | 广州安彤实业有限公司 | High-torque electrode tip sharpening machine with blade easy to disassemble and assemble |
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| CN107378466A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-24 | 黄田 | A kind of electrokinetic moment formula synchronization bolt fastener |
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| JP3265979B2 (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 2002-03-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Valve timing control device for internal engine |
| CN201792057U (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2011-04-13 | 江西铜业股份有限公司 | Overload-protection wire twisting chuck |
| CN204935054U (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2016-01-06 | 山东安博机械科技股份有限公司 | Semi-automatic bolt tightening machine |
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