CN111181145B - Arc extinction system and method - Google Patents
Arc extinction system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111181145B CN111181145B CN202010121696.9A CN202010121696A CN111181145B CN 111181145 B CN111181145 B CN 111181145B CN 202010121696 A CN202010121696 A CN 202010121696A CN 111181145 B CN111181145 B CN 111181145B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/08—Limitation or suppression of earth fault currents, e.g. Petersen coil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an arc extinction system and an arc extinction method. The system comprises: the system comprises a vector transformer and a vector voltage selection switch, wherein a first end of a primary winding of the vector transformer is connected with a power distribution network, and a second end of the primary winding is connected with a first end of a secondary winding of the vector transformer through the vector voltage selection switch; the second end of the secondary winding is grounded through the active power unit, and the output voltage of the secondary winding has a phase difference with the voltage of the primary winding; the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly in the event of a ground fault in the distribution network. The active power unit is connected with the vector voltage with proper phase and amplitude, so that the voltage of the grounding fault point is reduced, and the arc of the grounding fault point is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of power system protection, in particular to an arc extinction system and method.
Background
Most of domestic 6 kV-35 kV distribution networks are neutral point ungrounded systems. More than 70% of the faults in the distribution network system are single-phase earth faults. Under the condition of single-phase earth fault, the electric arc is difficult to extinguish, high-power high-frequency overvoltage and power frequency overvoltage are easy to generate, and normal operation of the system is endangered. If the arc is difficult to extinguish for a long period of time, then an inter-phase short circuit event may also occur, with more serious consequences.
In the related art, an arc suppression coil is usually connected to a neutral point of a power distribution network to compensate current of a ground fault point, so as to eliminate an arc of the ground fault point. However, in recent years, with the increase of the cabling rate, the capacitance current to ground of the power distribution network system has been increasing, and the absolute values of the resistive current, the high-frequency current, and the harmonic current have been increasing. The arc suppression coil can only compensate the power frequency capacitive current flowing through the grounding fault point, so that effective arc suppression is difficult.
In the related art, a transfer arc extinction technology is also adopted, namely, a grounding fault point is directly grounded in a metal manner through a selector switch on the bus side of the power distribution network system so as to transfer the current of the grounding fault point and eliminate the arc of the grounding fault point. However, in the arc extinction process, the phase judgment of the grounding fault is inaccurate, so that the abnormal grounding is possibly caused, the phase is short-circuited, and a serious short-circuit accident is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an arc extinguishing system and method.
According to one aspect of the present invention, an arc suppression system is provided. The arc extinguishing system comprises: the system comprises a vector transformer and a vector voltage selection switch, wherein a first end of a primary winding of the vector transformer is connected with a power distribution network, and a second end of the primary winding is connected with a first end of a secondary winding of the vector transformer through the vector voltage selection switch; the second end of the secondary winding is grounded through the active power unit, and the output voltage of the secondary winding has a phase difference with the voltage of the primary winding; the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly in the event of a ground fault in the distribution network.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the vector voltage selection switch is a split-phase operation switch, which is closed accordingly in case of an earth fault of the distribution network.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the arc extinguishing system further includes: a current sensor, a first end of the current sensor being connected to a second end of the secondary winding, a second end of the current sensor being grounded; the measurement and control unit is respectively connected with the current sensor and the active power unit and is used for adjusting the amplitude and the angle of the compensation voltage of the active power unit according to the current signal of the secondary winding fed back by the current sensor; the measurement and control unit also judges whether the ground fault is an instantaneous ground fault or a permanent ground fault according to the current signal of the secondary winding fed back by the current sensor, and the measurement and control unit controls the vector voltage selection switch to be correspondingly opened under the condition that the ground fault is the permanent ground fault.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the active power unit is connected in series with the current sensor.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the active power unit is connected to the vector transformer through an isolation coil, wherein the isolation coil comprises a first coil and a second coil which is mutually inductive with the first coil, wherein a first end of the active power unit is connected to a first end of the second coil, and a second end of the active power unit is connected to a second end of the second coil.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the arc extinguishing system further includes: the voltage sensor is respectively connected with the power distribution network and the measurement and control unit; the measurement and control unit also judges whether the power distribution network has a ground fault according to the voltage signal of the power distribution network fed back by the voltage sensor, and the measurement and control unit controls the vector voltage selection switch to be correspondingly closed under the condition of the ground fault.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an arc extinguishing method applied to the arc extinguishing system, in which, in the case of an earth fault in the power distribution network, an active power unit adjusts the magnitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly, wherein a first end of the active power unit is connected to a second end of a secondary winding of the vector transformer, the second end of the active power unit is grounded, a first end of a primary winding of the vector transformer is connected to the power distribution network, a second end of the primary winding is connected to the first end of the secondary winding of the vector transformer through a vector voltage selection switch, and an output voltage of the secondary winding of the vector transformer is out of phase with a voltage of the primary winding of the vector transformer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, before the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly, the method further includes: the active power unit determines a first parameter corresponding to a current signal of the secondary winding fed back by a current sensor; the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage according to the first parameter.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, after the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly, the method further includes: and under the condition that the ground fault is a permanent ground fault, the measurement and control unit controls the vector voltage selection switch to be correspondingly opened.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the active power unit is connected with the vector voltage with proper phase and amplitude, so that the voltage of the grounding fault point is reduced, the arc of the grounding fault point is eliminated, and the abnormal grounding caused by inaccurate grounding fault phase judgment in the transfer arc extinction technology can be avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is one of the schematic diagrams of an arc suppression system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of an arc suppression system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is one of the flow charts of the arc extinction method according to an embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 4 is a second flowchart of an arc extinguishing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an arc extinguishing system. Fig. 1 is one of schematic diagrams of an arc extinguishing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the arc extinguishing system includes: a vector transformer 1 and a vector voltage selection switch 2, wherein a first end of a primary winding of the vector transformer 1 is connected with a power distribution network, and a second end of the primary winding is connected with a first end of a secondary winding of the vector transformer 1 through the vector voltage selection switch 2; the second end of the secondary winding is grounded through the active power unit 6, and the output voltage of the secondary winding has a phase difference with the voltage of the primary winding; the active power unit 6 adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly in case of a ground fault of the distribution network.
It should be noted that the vector transformer 1 in the embodiment of the present invention is different from a conventional transformer. In conventional transformers, the neutral point of the transformer is connected to a crowbar coil, which is used to flow a ground short-circuit current or crowbar coil current. In a vector transformer, the transformer neutral is connected with a voltage signal for providing a vector voltage with proper phase and amplitude to the neutral to reduce the ground fault voltage and eliminate the ground fault arc.
The transformation ratio of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the vector transformer 1 may be 1:1 (the optimal value is not limited thereto).
The phase difference between the output voltage of the secondary winding and the voltage of the primary winding is described by taking 180 degrees as an example for convenience of explanation. Meanwhile, alternatively, the phase difference may be 60 degrees or 120 degrees.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the vector voltage selection switch 2 is a split-phase operation switch. For example, the vector voltage selector switch 2 is a three-phase operating switch, which is connected to one phase of the power distribution network, for corresponding closing in the event of a ground fault of the corresponding one phase of the power distribution network.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the arc suppression system further comprises a current sensor 4 and a measurement and control unit 5, wherein a first end of the current sensor 4 is connected with a second end of the secondary winding, a second end of the current sensor 4 is grounded, and the measurement and control unit 5 adjusts the amplitude and the angle of the compensation voltage of the active power unit 6 according to the current signal of the secondary winding fed back by the current sensor 4. In this embodiment, the current sensor 4 may be any sensor capable of detecting a current signal in the related art, and the measurement and control unit 5 may be a calculation unit capable of performing calculation and judgment in the related art. The measurement and control unit 5 adjusts the amplitude and the angle of the compensation voltage of the active power unit 6 according to the current signal fed back by the current sensor 4, so that the voltage of the grounding fault point can be further reduced to zero, and the arc of the grounding fault point can be effectively eliminated.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the measurement and control unit 5 also judges whether the ground fault is an instantaneous ground fault or a permanent ground fault according to the current signal of the secondary winding fed back by the current sensor 4, and in the case that the ground fault is a permanent ground fault, the measurement and control unit 5 controls the vector voltage selection switch 2 to be correspondingly turned on. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the addition of the current sensor 4 facilitates a further determination of whether the power distribution network has an electrical ground fault, either instantaneous or permanent, to control the vector voltage selection switch 2 to be closed or opened accordingly, depending on the ground fault. Specifically, if the ground fault is a permanent ground fault (for example, for more than a predetermined time), the measurement and control unit 5 determines that the ground fault of the power distribution network is a permanent ground fault, and thus controls the vector voltage selection switch 2 to be turned on accordingly. It should be noted that the corresponding opening of the vector voltage selector switch 2 does not represent a problem of giving up the resolution of the ground fault point, but rather, since the ground fault of the distribution network is a permanent ground fault, this is not already a problem that the measurement and control unit 5 and the vector voltage selector switch 2 themselves can solve, and thus the measurement and control unit 3 will trigger further electronic components to solve.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the active power unit 6 may be connected in series with the current sensor 5 (see fig. 1). The active power unit 6 may also be connected to a vector transformer through an isolation coil according to an embodiment of the present invention (see fig. 2). The isolation coil comprises a first coil and a second coil which is mutually transformed with the first coil, wherein the first end of the active power unit 6 is connected with the first end of the second coil, and the second end of the active power unit 6 is connected with the second end of the second coil.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the arc suppression system further comprises a voltage sensor 3 connected with the power distribution network, the measurement and control unit 5 judges whether the power distribution network has a ground fault according to a voltage signal of the power distribution network fed back by the voltage sensor, and the measurement and control unit controls the vector voltage selection switch to be correspondingly closed under the condition of the ground fault.
In the present embodiment, the voltage sensor 3 is added, wherein the voltage sensor 3 may employ any sensor capable of detecting a voltage signal in the related art. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the addition of the voltage sensor 3 facilitates a more accurate determination of whether or not a ground fault has occurred in the distribution network and control of the vector voltage selector switch 2 to close accordingly in the event of a ground fault.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an arc extinguishing method that can be applied to any of the arc extinguishing systems described above. The method comprises the following steps: in the case of an earth fault in the distribution network, the active power unit 6 correspondingly adjusts the amplitude and the angle of the compensation voltage, wherein the first end of the active power unit 6 is connected with the second end of the secondary winding of the vector transformer, the second end of the active power unit 6 is grounded, the first end of the primary winding of the vector transformer is connected with the distribution network, the second end of the primary winding is connected with the first end of the secondary winding of the vector transformer through the vector voltage selection switch, and the output voltage of the secondary winding of the vector transformer and the voltage of the primary winding of the vector transformer have a phase difference.
In this embodiment, before the active power unit 6 adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly, the method further includes: the active power unit is responsive to a user input to determine a first parameter corresponding to the user input; the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage according to the first parameter.
In the vector transformer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the voltage signal is connected to the neutral point of the transformer by closing the vector voltage selection switch, and the voltage signal is used for providing the vector voltage with proper phase and amplitude for the neutral point so as to reduce the voltage of the ground fault point and eliminate the arc of the ground fault point.
Fig. 3 is one of flowcharts of an arc extinguishing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, including steps S302 to S306 as follows:
step S302: the active power unit 6 receives a second instruction, wherein the second instruction can be manually sent by a worker or can be automatically triggered by other electronic components;
step S304: the active power unit 6 determines a second parameter corresponding to the second instruction; and
Step S306: the active power unit 6 adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly.
The operation of the active power unit 6 to adjust the magnitude and angle of the compensation voltage is described in detail in this embodiment. The neutral point of the transformer is connected with a voltage signal, and the voltage of the grounding fault point can be reduced by providing the neutral point with a compensation voltage with proper phase and amplitude, so that the arc of the grounding fault point is eliminated.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, before the active power unit 6 receives the second instruction, it further comprises: the measurement and control unit judges whether the power distribution network has a ground fault or not according to the voltage signal of the power distribution network fed back by the voltage sensor; and under the condition of ground fault, the measurement and control unit sends the second instruction to the active power unit 6. Specifically, when one of the following three conditions exists in the voltage signal of the power distribution network, the measurement and control unit judges whether the power distribution network has a ground fault or not: any one phase voltage in the three-phase voltage of the power distribution network is reduced, and the other two phases voltage is increased; any one of the three-phase voltages of the power distribution network is increased, and the other two-phase voltage is reduced; the zero sequence voltage of the distribution network exceeds a threshold. In the embodiment of the invention, how the measurement and control unit judges whether the power distribution network has the ground fault or not by measuring the voltage signal of the power distribution network is described in detail, and particularly, the three conditions represent the vast majority of the ground fault conditions of the power distribution network.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, after the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly, the method further comprises: in case the ground fault is a permanent ground fault (e.g. lasting more than a predetermined time), the measurement and control unit 3 controls the vector voltage selection switch 2 to be opened accordingly. As already described in detail above, if the measurement and control unit 3 also determines that the ground fault continues for more than a predetermined time based on the current signal of the secondary winding fed back by the current sensor 5, the ground fault of the distribution network is a permanent ground fault, thus controlling the vector voltage selection switch 2 to be turned on accordingly. It should be noted that the corresponding opening of the vector voltage selector switch 2 does not represent a problem of giving up the resolution of the ground fault point, but rather, since the ground fault of the distribution network is a permanent ground fault, this is not already a problem that the measurement and control unit 3 and the vector voltage selector switch 2 themselves can solve, and thus the measurement and control unit 3 will trigger further electronic components to solve.
Fig. 4 is a second flowchart of the arc extinguishing method according to the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 4, including the following steps S402 to S406.
Step S402: the measurement and control unit monitors the voltage state of the power distribution network in real time through the voltage sensor, judges whether the power distribution network has a ground fault or not, and judges the type of the ground fault.
Preferably, the measurement and control unit can monitor the voltage signal of the secondary winding of the vector transformer in real time through the voltage sensor so as to monitor the voltage state of the power distribution network in real time, because when single-phase grounding occurs in the power distribution network, one-phase voltage is reduced and two-phase voltage is increased, one-phase voltage is increased and two-phase voltage is reduced slightly, or zero-sequence voltage exceeds a threshold value. Therefore, the measurement and control unit monitors the voltages of all phases of the power distribution network through the voltage sensor, and when the situation in the power distribution network is monitored, single-phase grounding faults of the power distribution network can be generally judged.
Step S404: under the condition that a single-phase grounding fault occurs in the power distribution network, the measurement and control unit sends a first instruction to the vector voltage selection switch, and the vector voltage selection switch is connected to the second end of the primary winding through the secondary winding of the vector transformer.
Step S406: the measurement and control unit continuously monitors the voltage state of the power distribution network in real time through the voltage sensor. If the ground fault is a permanent ground fault (e.g. for more than a predetermined time), the measurement and control unit 4 determines that the ground fault of the distribution network is a permanent ground fault, and thus controls the vector voltage selection switch 2 to open accordingly and trigger other electronic components to solve the ground fault.
In summary, according to the above embodiments of the present invention, an arc extinguishing system and method are provided. The arc extinction system comprises a vector transformer and a vector voltage selection switch, wherein a first end of a primary winding of the vector transformer is connected with a power distribution network, and a second end of the primary winding is connected with a first end of a secondary winding of the vector transformer through the vector voltage selection switch; the second end of the secondary winding is grounded through the active power unit, and the output voltage of the secondary winding has a phase difference with the voltage of the primary winding; the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly in case of a ground fault in the distribution network. According to the embodiment of the invention, the active power unit is connected with the vector voltage with proper phase and amplitude, so that the voltage of the grounding fault point is reduced, the arc of the grounding fault point is eliminated, and the abnormal grounding caused by inaccurate grounding fault phase judgment in the transfer arc extinction technology can be avoided.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An arc suppression system, comprising: the device comprises a vector transformer, a vector voltage selection switch, a current sensor and a measurement and control unit, wherein,
The first end of the primary winding of the vector transformer is connected with a power distribution network, and the second end of the primary winding is connected with the first end of the secondary winding of the vector transformer through the vector voltage selection switch; the second end of the secondary winding is grounded through an active power unit, and the output voltage of the secondary winding and the voltage of the primary winding have a phase difference;
The active power unit correspondingly adjusts the amplitude and the angle of the compensation voltage under the condition that the power distribution network has a ground fault;
the first end of the current sensor is connected with the second end of the secondary winding, and the second end of the current sensor is grounded;
The measurement and control unit is respectively connected with the current sensor and the active power unit, and adjusts the amplitude and the angle of the compensation voltage of the active power unit according to the current signal of the secondary winding fed back by the current sensor;
the measurement and control unit also judges whether the grounding fault is an instantaneous grounding fault or a permanent grounding fault according to the current signal of the secondary winding fed back by the current sensor, and the measurement and control unit controls the vector voltage selection switch to be correspondingly opened under the condition that the grounding fault is the permanent fault.
2. The arc suppression system of claim 1 wherein the vector voltage selection switch is a split phase operation switch that is correspondingly closed in the event of a ground fault in the distribution network.
3. The arc suppression system of claim 2, wherein: the active power unit is connected in series with the current sensor.
4. The arc suppression system of claim 2, wherein the active power unit is connected to the vector transformer through an isolation coil, wherein the isolation coil comprises a first coil and a second coil that is mutually inductive to the first coil, wherein a first end of the active power unit is connected to a first end of the second coil and a second end of the active power unit is connected to a second end of the second coil.
5. The arc suppression system of claim 3 or 4, further comprising:
the voltage sensor is respectively connected with the power distribution network and the measurement and control unit;
and the measurement and control unit also judges whether the power distribution network has a ground fault according to the voltage signal of the power distribution network fed back by the voltage sensor, and controls the vector voltage selection switch to be correspondingly closed under the condition of the ground fault.
6. An arc extinction method applied to an arc extinction system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, in the event of an earth fault in the distribution network, the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly, wherein,
The first end of the active power unit is connected with the second end of the secondary winding of the vector transformer, the second end of the active power unit is grounded,
The first end of the primary winding of the vector transformer is connected with a power distribution network, the second end of the primary winding is connected with the first end of the secondary winding of the vector transformer through a vector voltage selection switch, and the output voltage of the secondary winding of the vector transformer has a phase difference with the voltage of the primary winding of the vector transformer;
And under the condition that the ground fault is a permanent fault, the measurement and control unit controls the vector voltage selection switch to be correspondingly opened.
7. The arc extinction method of claim 6, further comprising, before the active power cell adjusts the magnitude and angle of the compensation voltage accordingly:
the active power unit determines a first parameter corresponding to a current signal of the secondary winding fed back by a current sensor;
And the active power unit adjusts the amplitude and the angle of the compensation voltage according to the first parameter.
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CN107276097A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-20 | 长沙理工大学 | Non-effectively earthed system earth fault is mutually depressured the method for safe operation of extinguishing arc |
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DE102011082554B4 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2014-04-10 | H. Kleinknecht Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for determining an earth fault current in a three-phase system subject to earth faults |
CN105610145B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2020-01-07 | 安徽一天电能质量技术有限公司 | Power feedback active full-harmonic arc extinction control method and system |
CN105610147B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-03-16 | 福州大学 | A kind of distribution network ground fault arc extinction method based on three-phase cascaded H-bridges current transformer |
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CN108347046A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-07-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of small current grounding fault New Method of Active Electronic Compensation and system |
CN107276097A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-20 | 长沙理工大学 | Non-effectively earthed system earth fault is mutually depressured the method for safe operation of extinguishing arc |
CN211266473U (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-08-14 | 安徽一天电气技术股份有限公司 | Arc extinguishing system |
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