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CN111180983A - Filtering device and method based on spectral polarization state editing technology - Google Patents

Filtering device and method based on spectral polarization state editing technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111180983A
CN111180983A CN202010014136.3A CN202010014136A CN111180983A CN 111180983 A CN111180983 A CN 111180983A CN 202010014136 A CN202010014136 A CN 202010014136A CN 111180983 A CN111180983 A CN 111180983A
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polarization state
spectrum
spectral
filtering
analyzer
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王新亮
白培乐
陆效明
冷雨欣
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/005Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/005Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S3/0057Temporal shaping, e.g. pulse compression, frequency chirping
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/005Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S3/0078Frequency filtering

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

A filtering device and method based on spectral polarization state editing technology comprises: the optical polarization state analyzer comprises a laser source, an optical isolator, N spectral polarization state editors (N is more than or equal to 1) and an analyzer, wherein the spectral polarization state editors are composed of a first wave plate and a first optical crystal which are coaxial. The filtering device sequentially passes through the optical isolator, the N spectrum polarization state editors and the analyzer along the emergent light direction of the laser source. The spectrum polarization state editor comprises a first wave plate and a first optically active crystal which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the light transmission direction. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and low price, and can realize the spectral filtering effect with wide bandwidth, high damage threshold, high filtering efficiency and continuously adjustable filtering function.

Description

Filtering device and method based on spectral polarization state editing technology
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid laser, and particularly relates to a spectral filtering device and method based on a polarization state editing technology, which are applied to an ultrafast laser system.
Background
The spectral filtering device is widely applied to an ultrafast laser system and plays a crucial role in laser amplification and even compression. Chirped pulse amplification technology can broaden a wide-spectrum low-energy signal light in a time domain, amplify the signal light and finally compress the signal light to obtain ultrafast laser with higher peak power [ opt. The inventors, Gerard Mourou and Donna Strickland, also therefore won the Nobel prize for physics in 2018. However, the chirped pulse amplifier with high gain amplification leads to severe gain narrowing and spectral red shift, so the blue-shifted spectrum needs to be pre-modulated by using a spectral filtering device to eliminate the gain narrowing and red shift. At present, the spectrum filtering devices are various, some are based on programmable acousto-optic modulators, some are based on specially designed coated reflectors, and some are based on etalons and birefringent filters.
Wherein, the filtering devices [ Opt.Lett.21,219(1996) ] based on the etalon and the birefringent filter realize the filtering effect by increasing the loss near the peak value of the gain spectrum, and the posture of the filter needs to be continuously adjusted in the using process to obtain the expected filtering output spectrum. The surface reflection of light therefore requires special attention, otherwise there is a risk of damaging the instrument or even the operator.
The programmable acousto-optic modulation device is expensive, has low diffraction efficiency, and has large energy loss of injected signal light [ Opt.Lett.25,575(2000) ]. And the method has lower damage threshold, cannot realize spectral filtering under large energy and can only be used at the front end of an amplification system. The influence caused by the use of the amplifier at the most front end is huge, and the subsequent links of the whole laser system can be influenced.
The specially designed coated mirrors [ opt. lett.31,1145(2006) ] lack flexibility and require a targeted design of the reflectivity or transmittance function required by the laser system. This increases the coating cost and requires the preparation of a plurality of mirrors or transmission mirrors with different coating functions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a filtering device and a method based on polarization state editing technology, aiming at overcoming the defects of large energy loss, inconvenient adjustment, high manufacturing cost and strict requirement on environmental conditions in the existing spectrum filtering device. The spectrum filtering device edits the polarization state of the seed light by utilizing the optical rotation effect of the crystal and generates a filtering function by combining with the polarization analyzing device. The device has the characteristics of continuously adjustable filter function, high damage threshold, high filter efficiency, low price, convenient adjustment and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a filtering device and method based on spectral polarization state editing technology are characterized by comprising the following steps: the optical polarization state analyzer comprises a laser source, an optical isolator, N spectral polarization state editors (N is more than or equal to 1) and an analyzer, wherein the spectral polarization state editors are composed of a first wave plate and a first optical crystal which are coaxial. The filtering device sequentially passes through the optical isolator, the N spectrum polarization state editors and the analyzer along the emergent light direction of the laser source. The spectrum polarization state editor comprises a wave plate and an optical rotation crystal which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the light transmission direction.
The included angle between the optical axis of each first wave plate and the polarization direction of the emergent seed light of the laser source and the introduced phase delay amount are respectively theta1,…θNAnd phi1…φNThickness L of each optically active crystal1,…LN. The filter function F (lambda) corresponding to the spectral polarization state editor satisfies the following condition:
Figure BDA0002358228910000021
wherein I (λ) is a seed light spectrum output from the laser source, and T (θ)j,φj) (j is 1, …, N) is the jones matrix corresponding to the j-th first waveplate, R (λ, L)j) (j-1, …, N) jones matrix for the jth optically active crystal. Wherein,
Figure BDA0002358228910000022
Figure BDA0002358228910000023
Figure BDA0002358228910000024
wherein, theta influences the wavelength corresponding to the peak value of F (lambda), phi influences the filtering strength of the peak value position, and L influences the filtering bandwidth of F (lambda).
And a garbage can is arranged on the transmission light path of the analyzer.
A filtering method based on a spectral polarization state editing technology comprises the following steps:
step one, building the light path structure, and measuring a seed spectrum I (lambda) of a laser source by using a spectrometer;
step two, obtaining a target polarization state editing function F (lambda) through calculation, and obtaining an included angle theta between the optical axis of each first wave plate and the polarization direction of the seed light1,…θNIntroducing a phase delay phi1…φNAnd thickness L of optically active crystal1,…LNThe specific numerical values of (a);
step three, adjusting the angle theta of the wave plate1,…θNAnd thickness L of optically active crystal1,…LNEnabling parameters of the spectrum polarization state editor in the light path to meet the calculated value in the second step;
step four, obtaining a polarization component in the vertical direction of the spectrum through reflection of an analyzer, namely the filtered spectrum F (lambda);
the calculation mode in the second step comprises a Jones matrix, a Stokes vector method or a Poincare sphere method;
the laser source outputs seed light, the horizontal polarized light is obtained through the optical isolator, then the polarization states of different wavelengths of the seed spectrum and the polarization ellipse main axis angle are edited through the first wave plate and the optical rotation crystal, and finally the vertically polarized filter spectrum is output through reflection of the analyzer.
Compared with the existing spectrum filtering device, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the damage threshold of the wave plate, the optical rotation crystal and the analyzer is high;
2) the optical components adopted by the invention are cheap and economical, and are easy to install and adjust.
3) The invention has three degrees of freedom of polarization state editing functions, which are respectively as follows: the phase retardation phi introduced by the first wave plate, the included angle theta of the optical axis of the first wave plate and the polarization direction of the seed light and the thickness L of the optically active crystal. The device can be used for editing a complex filtering function in a cascade mode;
4) the filter designed by the invention has a large wavelength adaptation range and can be expanded to any common wave band;
5) the filter designed by the invention has very wide support bandwidth which can reach more than 400 nm.
6) A spectral polarization state editor consisting of a wave plate and an optically active crystal can be used in cascade to obtain the desired filter function.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering apparatus 1 based on a spectral polarization editing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a filtered spectrum of the output of example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering apparatus in embodiment 2 based on the spectral polarization state editing technology.
Fig. 4 is a filtered spectrum output in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples, but the scope of the invention should not be limited thereby.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering apparatus embodiment 1 based on the spectral polarization state editing technology according to the present invention, i.e., a spectral polarization state editor (N ═ 1). As shown in the figure, a filtering apparatus based on a spectral polarization state editing technology includes: the device comprises a spectrum polarization state editor consisting of a first wave plate 3 and an optical rotation crystal 4, an analyzer 5 and a transmission light garbage can 6, wherein seed light output by a laser source 1 reaches the first wave plate 3 through an optical isolator 2, and the wave plate enables the polarization state of all wavelength components of the seed light to be changed. The seed light with the changed polarization state passes through the optical rotation crystal 4, and the main axes of the polarization ellipses corresponding to different wavelengths in the spectrum components rotate through different angles, so that the polarization state of the spectrum of the seed light is edited. The edited seed light is reflected by the first analyzer 5 to obtain a vertically polarized filtered spectrum, see fig. 1.
This example employs dopingThe titanium sapphire all-solid mode-locked laser outputs as a laser source 1, the central wavelength of the output seed light is 790nm, the repetition frequency is 76MHz, the power is 600mW, and the full width of the spectrum is 705-880nm measured by a spectrometer (the specific spectrum refers to a black solid line in figure 2). The power of the seed light output by the laser source 1 after passing through the isolator 2 is reduced to 550mW, and the polarization is changed into the horizontal direction. Then the seed light passes through an achromatic quarter wave plate 3 and a quartz optical crystal 4 with a length of 35mm and coated with a broadband antireflection film (AR @700-900nm), and finally passes through a quartz optical crystal with an isolation degree of 10 used as an analyzer2The reflective thin-film polarizer 5 of (a) reflects the output to obtain a vertically polarized filtered spectrum. The transmitted light is collected using a trash can 6.
When N is 1, the filter function obtained by the filter arrangement has three degrees of freedom, it has been determined that the first wave plate 3 provides a phase retardation of a quarter wavelength, i.e., phi is 0.5 pi, and the thickness L of the optically active crystal 4 is 35mm, the remaining variable in the example being the angle theta of the wave plate optical axis with respect to the polarization direction of the seed light. According to the filtering device and method based on the spectrum polarization state editing technology, firstly, a seed light spectrum is measured, then a filtering function F (lambda) is designed, and the theta angle value corresponding to the red shift state and the blue shift state of the spectrum is determined. According to the calculation formula of F (lambda), the red shift spectrum and the blue shift spectrum are calculated to respectively correspond to the theta angles of 27 DEG and 63 deg. This example shows the corresponding filtered output spectra for the angle between the optical axis of the wave plate and the horizontal plane at these two angles, as shown in FIG. 2. The black circles and the black triangles correspond to the filtered spectrums of the achromatic quarter-wave plate 3 with the optical axis at 27-degree and 63-degree angles in the horizontal direction respectively, the output powers of the two spectrums are 224mW and 273mW respectively, and the corresponding filtering efficiencies are 40.73% and 49.63% respectively. The blue-shift spectrum corresponding to the black circle is the pre-compensation spectrum required by the chirped pulse amplification, and the filtering efficiency is as high as 40.73%. The efficiency of using a programmable acousto-optic modulator to generate the same pre-compensated spectrum is less than 25% (self-diffraction loss 50-70%, filter loss 50%).
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 2 of the filtering apparatus based on the spectral polarization state editing technology according to the present invention, that is, two spectral polarization state editors (N ═ 2). Wherein 3_1 and 3_2 are respectivelyTwo polarization state editor waveplates, 4_1 and 4_2, are two polarization state editor optically active crystals, respectively. When N is 2, in the first spectral polarization state editor, the first waveplate 3_1 provides a phase retardation of one-half wavelength, i.e., phi1Pi, thickness L of the first optically active crystal 4_11Is 5mm, theta1Is 45 degrees; in the second spectral polarization state editor, the second waveplate 3_2 provides a phase retardation of one-quarter wavelength, i.e., +20.5 pi, thickness L of the second optically active crystal 4_22Is 35mm, theta2Is 15 deg.. As shown in fig. 4, blue-shifted spectra suitable for chirped pulse amplification can be obtained, and the filtering efficiency is 45.02% higher than that of a spectral polarization state editor.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A filtering device based on a spectral polarization state editing technology is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a laser source (1), an optical isolator (2), N spectral polarization state editors and an analyzer (5), wherein N is larger than or equal to 1, and the optical isolator (2), the N spectral polarization state editors and the analyzer (5) are sequentially placed along the emergent light direction of the laser source (1); the spectrum polarization state editor comprises a wave plate and an optical rotation crystal which are sequentially arranged along the light transmission direction and have the same optical axis;
the included angle between the optical axis of each wave plate and the polarization direction of the emergent seed light of the laser source (1) and the introduced phase delay amount are respectively theta1,…θNAnd phi1…φNThickness L of each optically active crystal1,…LNThe filter function F (λ) corresponding to the spectral polarization state editor satisfies the following condition:
Figure FDA0002358228900000011
wherein I (lambda) is the seed light spectrum output by the laser source (1), T (theta)j,φj) (j is 1, …, N) is the jones matrix corresponding to the j-th waveplate, R (λ, L)j) (j-1, …, N) is the Jones matrix for the j-th optically active crystal, wherein,
Figure FDA0002358228900000012
Figure FDA0002358228900000013
wherein, theta influences the wavelength corresponding to the peak value of F (lambda), phi influences the filtering strength of the peak value position, and L influences the filtering bandwidth of F (lambda).
2. The filtering device based on the spectral polarization state editing technology of claim 1, wherein a trash can (6) is further arranged on the transmission light path of the analyzer (5).
3. A filtering method based on a spectral polarization state editing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, building a filtering device based on a spectral polarization state editing technology according to claim 1, and measuring a seed spectrum I (lambda) of a laser source (1) by using a spectrometer;
step two, obtaining a target polarization state editing function F (lambda) through calculation, and obtaining an included angle theta between the optical axis of each wave plate and the polarization direction of the seed light1,…θNIntroducing a phase delay phi1…φNAnd the thickness L of each optically active crystal1,…LNThe specific numerical values of (a);
step three, adjusting the included angle theta between the optical axis of each wave plate and the polarization direction of the seed light1θ1,…θNAnd each optically active crystal thickness L1,…LNEnabling parameters of the spectrum polarization state editor in the light path to meet the calculated value in the second step;
and step four, obtaining a polarization component in the vertical direction of the spectrum, namely the filtered spectrum F (lambda), by reflection of the analyzer (5).
4. The filtering method according to claim 3, wherein the calculation method in the second step includes a Jones matrix, a Stokes vector method, or a Poincare sphere method.
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CN112003117A (en) * 2020-08-07 2020-11-27 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 PEF-based vortex regenerative amplifier and operation method thereof

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CN1748172A (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-03-15 叶纯 Device and method for an optical tunable polarization interface filter
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CN112003117A (en) * 2020-08-07 2020-11-27 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 PEF-based vortex regenerative amplifier and operation method thereof

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