CN111172390B - Method for treating valuable metal sulfide concentrate by using oxygen pressure - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/12—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic alkaline solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
- C22B15/0071—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/008—Leaching or slurrying with non-acid solutions containing salts of alkali or alkaline earth metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0446—Leaching processes with an ammoniacal liquor or with a hydroxide of an alkali or alkaline-earth metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/08—Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
- C25B1/16—Hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/22—Inorganic acids
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating valuable metal sulfide concentrate by oxygen pressure. The method comprises the following steps: s1, adding an alkaline reagent into a pressurizing device, wherein the oxygen partial pressure in the pressurizing device is 0.3-1.0 Mpa, and carrying out oxygen pressure treatment on the valuable metal sulfide concentrate for 0.5-3 h at the temperature of 120-250 ℃, wherein the alkaline reagent is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide; s2, obtaining valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp after oxygen pressure treatment, filtering the valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp, recovering sulfuric acid and alkali from filtrate in an electrolysis mode, leaching filter cakes with sulfuric acid at normal pressure, and filtering to obtain leachate containing valuable metals and leaching slag containing valuable metals. The process has the advantages of high leaching rate of valuable metals, low energy consumption, wide application range of raw materials, reliable process, high automation degree, investment saving and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrometallurgy, in particular to a method for treating valuable metal sulfide concentrate by using oxygen pressure.
Background
Valuable metals (valuable metals) are metals which have a recovery value in addition to main metals in a raw material for refining metals. In the smelting raw materials of nonferrous heavy metals, most of the valuable metals are noble metals and rare metals. Are often recovered from slag and fume produced during the smelting of the main metal. Generally, whether a certain metal is valuable for recovery depends on the value of the metal, the cost of recovery and its commercial price, for example, germanium in lead zinc ore is not valuable until the semiconductor industry is not developed, but is valuable for recovery after the 20 th century and the 50 th century. Some heavy metal minerals have low content of main metals and do not necessarily have mining value, but when other valuable metals are more, the mining value is possible by comprehensive consideration.
At present, the production of valuable metals mainly comprises two major types, namely a fire method and a wet method, and the specific method is diversified. Taking nickel as an example, ferronickel obtained by reduction smelting treatment of laterite-nickel ore by a blast furnace or an electric furnace can be used as a substitute of electrolytic nickel for producing stainless steel after refining. The ferronickel obtained by reducing and smelting the laterite-nickel ore in a blast furnace or an electric furnace contains impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus, carbon, silicon and the like. At present, the ferronickel refining process adopted by large-scale ferronickel smelteries at home and abroad generally comprises the step of transferring into a converter for dephosphorization after desulfurization in an electric furnace, so the process is complex, the energy consumption is high, the direct recovery rate of the ferronickel is low, the removal of various impurities needs to be carried out step by step, the process flow is long, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating valuable metal sulfide concentrate by using oxygen pressure, which can obtain higher valuable metal leaching rate with low energy consumption.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of oxygen pressure treating a valuable metal sulfide concentrate. The method comprises the following steps: s1, adding an alkaline reagent into a pressurizing device, wherein the oxygen partial pressure in the pressurizing device is 0.3-1.0 Mpa, and carrying out oxygen pressure treatment on the valuable metal sulfide concentrate for 0.5-3 h at the temperature of 120-250 ℃, wherein the alkaline reagent is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide; s2, obtaining valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp after oxygen pressure treatment, filtering the valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp, recovering sulfuric acid and alkali from filtrate in an electrolysis mode, leaching filter cakes with sulfuric acid at normal pressure, and filtering to obtain leaching liquid containing valuable metals and leaching residues containing valuable metals.
Further, the pressure in the pressurizing device is 1.2-3.0 MPa.
Further, the mass concentration of the added alkaline reagent is 5-25%.
Further, the temperature of the pressurizing device is controlled by introducing cooling liquid or steam.
Further, in S2, the step of recovering sulfuric acid and alkali by electrolysis includes: and electrolyzing the filtrate by adopting a bipolar membrane electrolysis mode, wherein the cathode generates sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, the anode generates sulfuric acid, and the sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is evaporated and concentrated and then is returned for use.
And further, the valuable metal sulfide concentrate is chalcocite, chalcopyrite, nickel sulfide cobalt natural minerals or sulfide metal materials obtained by flotation enrichment and sulfide precipitation.
Further, the temperature for atmospheric sulfuric acid leaching of the valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp is between 30 and 80 ℃, and the pH value is 0.5 to 2.
Further, the time of the normal-pressure sulfuric acid leaching is 0.5-2 hours.
Further, the molar ratio of the alkaline reagent to the valuable metal is controlled to be 0.5-4: 1.
by applying the technical scheme of the invention, alkaline reagent is added under the conditions of higher temperature and proper oxygen partial pressure to carry out oxygen pressure treatment on the valuable metal sulfide concentrate for a preset time, filtration is carried out after treatment, sulfuric acid and alkali are recovered from filtrate in an electrolysis mode, normal-pressure sulfuric acid leaching is carried out on filter cakes, and then filtration is carried out, so that not only is higher valuable metal leaching rate obtained, but also impurities such as iron, aluminum and the like are inhibited in leaching slag, the purity of the solution is improved to a certain extent, and the impurity removal cost of subsequent procedures is reduced. The process has the advantages of high leaching rate of valuable metals, low energy consumption, wide application range of raw materials, reliable process, high automation degree, investment saving and the like.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method for oxygen pressure treatment of a valuable metal sulfide concentrate is provided. The method comprises the following steps: s1, adding an alkaline reagent into a pressurizing device, wherein the oxygen partial pressure in the pressurizing device is 0.3-1.0 Mpa, and carrying out oxygen pressure treatment on the valuable metal sulfide concentrate for 0.5-3 h at the temperature of 120-250 ℃, wherein the alkaline reagent is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide; s2, obtaining valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp after oxygen pressure treatment, filtering the valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp, recovering sulfuric acid and alkali from filtrate in an electrolysis mode, leaching filter cakes with sulfuric acid at normal pressure, and filtering to obtain leaching liquid containing valuable metals and leaching residues containing valuable metals.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, alkaline reagent is added under the conditions of higher temperature and proper oxygen partial pressure to carry out oxygen pressure treatment on the valuable metal sulfide concentrate for a preset time, filtration is carried out after treatment, sulfuric acid and alkali are recovered from filtrate in an electrolysis mode, normal-pressure sulfuric acid leaching is carried out on filter cakes, and then filtration is carried out, so that not only is higher valuable metal leaching rate obtained, but also impurities such as iron, aluminum and the like are inhibited in leaching slag, the purity of the solution is improved to a certain extent, and the impurity removal cost of subsequent procedures is reduced. The process has the advantages of high leaching rate of valuable metals, low energy consumption, wide application range of raw materials, reliable process, high automation degree, investment saving and the like.
Wherein the alkaline agent is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and the valuable metal is converted into hydroxide and the sulfur is oxidized into sulfate under the oxygen pressure, then filtering is preferably performed before step S2, and the hydroxide is leached by acid after filtering. In addition, sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate is generated, and sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid can be recycled by using bipolar membrane electrolysis.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the added alkaline reagent is 5-25%, and the water quantity can be reduced within the concentration range, so that the industrial operation is facilitated. The amount of base should be at least the reaction stoichiometry, or above the stoichiometry, to maintain alkaline conditions in the system.
Preferably, the pressure in the pressurizing device is 1.2-3.0 MPa, and the oxygen pressure treatment of the valuable metal sulfide concentrate is facilitated.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the pressurizing means is controlled by feeding in a cooling liquid or steam.
In the invention, the step of recovering sulfuric acid and alkali by adopting an electrolysis mode comprises the following steps: and electrolyzing the filtrate by adopting a bipolar membrane electrolysis mode, wherein the cathode generates sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, the anode generates sulfuric acid, and the sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is evaporated and concentrated and then is returned for use. The valuable metal sulfide concentrate can be valuable metal sulfides containing copper, nickel, cobalt and the like in various grades, can be natural minerals such as chalcocite, chalcopyrite, nickel-cobalt sulfide and the like or minerals after flotation and enrichment, and can also be vulcanized metal materials after vulcanization and precipitation, and the sources of the raw materials are wide and easy to obtain.
Preferably, the temperature for atmospheric sulfuric acid leaching of the valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp is between 30 and 80 ℃, and the pH value is 0.5 to 2. In the pressurizing process, iron is basically changed into ferric oxide, and basically no leaching is carried out under normal pressure, only metal hydroxides such as nickel, cobalt, copper and the like are leached, so that the leaching process can be completed under mild conditions, and the industrial implementation is easy.
Preferably, the time of the normal-pressure sulfuric acid leaching is 0.5-2 h, so that the complete leaching of organic metal can be ensured, and the operation condition is mild and economic.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the alkaline reagent to the metal addition is controlled to be 0.5-4: 1, above the stoichiometric ratio, to enable the reaction of the above-mentioned sulphide conversion to proceed.
The advantageous effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to examples.
Example 1
Raw materials: the composition of the copper sulphide ore is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Element(s) | Cu | Fe | S |
| Copper sulphide ore 1 | 3.0％ | 4.4％ | 5.0％ |
| Copper sulphide ore 2 | 20.2％ | 12.7％ | 24.6％ |
Firstly, using copper sulphide ore 1 as raw material
The pressure treatment temperature is 180 ℃, the corresponding kettle pressure is 1.2MPa, the oxygen partial pressure is about 1.0MPa, the molar ratio of calcium hydroxide to copper is 0.5, the pressure treatment time is 0.5h, the normal pressure treatment temperature is 35 ℃, and the end point pH is 0.5. The metal leaching rate is shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
| Element(s) | Cu | Fe |
| Leaching rate | 95％ | 2.5％ |
The pressure treatment temperature is 210 ℃, the corresponding kettle pressure is 2.8MPa, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.8MPa, the molar ratio of calcium hydroxide to copper is 2.5, the pressure treatment time is 1.0h, the normal pressure treatment temperature is 60 ℃, and the end point pH is 1.5. The metal leaching rate is shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3
| Element(s) | Cu | Fe |
| Leaching rate | 98％ | 2.8％ |
Secondly, using copper sulphide ore 2 as raw material
The pressure treatment temperature is 250 ℃, the corresponding kettle pressure is 1.0MPa, the oxygen partial pressure is about 1.0MPa, the molar ratio of calcium hydroxide to copper is 3.0, the pressure treatment time is 3.0h, the normal pressure treatment time is 1.5h, the normal pressure treatment temperature is 75 ℃, and the end point pH is 1.8. The metal leaching rate is shown in the following table 4:
TABLE 4
| Element(s) | Cu | Fe |
| Leaching rate | 95.5％ | 3.8％ |
The pressure treatment temperature is 240 ℃, the corresponding kettle pressure is 2.5MPa, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.7MPa, the calcium hydroxide/copper molar ratio is 3.5, the pressure treatment time is 3.0h, the normal pressure treatment time is 2.0h, the normal pressure treatment temperature is 55 ℃, and the end point pH value is 1.5. The metal leaching rate is shown in the following table 5:
TABLE 5
| Element(s) | Cu | Fe |
| Leaching rate | 98.5％ | 4％ |
Example 2
Raw materials: the composition of the nickel sulphide ore is shown in table 6:
TABLE 6
| Element(s) | Ni | Fe |
| Nickel sulphide ore 1 | 15.0％ | 1.4％ |
Using nickel sulfide ore 1 as a raw material
The pressure treatment temperature is 150 ℃, the corresponding kettle pressure is 1.4-1.5MPa, the oxygen partial pressure is about 0.5MPa, the calcium hydroxide/nickel molar ratio is 2.2, the pressure treatment time is 2.0h, the normal pressure treatment time is 1.5h, the normal pressure treatment temperature is 80 ℃, and the end point pH value is 1.6. The metal leaching rates are shown in table 7 below:
TABLE 7
| Element(s) | Ni | Fe |
| Leaching rate | 95％ | 2.5％ |
The pressure treatment temperature is 170 ℃, the corresponding kettle pressure is 3.0MPa, the oxygen partial pressure is 1.0MPa, the calcium hydroxide/nickel molar ratio is 3.8, the pressure treatment time is 2.5h, the normal pressure treatment time is 1.5h, the normal pressure treatment temperature is 65 ℃, and the end point pH is 1.9. The metal leaching rates are shown in table 8 below:
TABLE 8
| Element(s) | Ni | Fe |
| Leaching rate | 98％ | 2.8％ |
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for treating valuable metal sulfide concentrate by using oxygen pressure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding an alkaline reagent into a pressurizing device, wherein the oxygen partial pressure in the pressurizing device is 0.3-1.0 MPa, and carrying out oxygen pressure treatment on the valuable metal sulfide concentrate for 0.5-3 h at the temperature of 120-250 ℃, wherein the alkaline reagent is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide;
s2, obtaining valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp after the oxygen pressure treatment, filtering the valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp, recovering sulfuric acid and alkali from filtrate in an electrolysis mode, leaching filter cakes with sulfuric acid at normal pressure, and filtering to obtain leachate containing valuable metals and leaching slag containing valuable metals;
in the step S2, the step of recovering sulfuric acid and alkali by electrolysis includes: electrolyzing the filtrate by adopting a bipolar membrane electrolysis mode, wherein the cathode produces sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, the anode produces sulfuric acid, and the sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is returned for use after evaporation and concentration;
the valuable metal sulfide concentrate is chalcocite, chalcopyrite, nickel sulfide cobalt natural ore or sulfide metal material after flotation enrichment and sulfide precipitation;
the mass concentration of the added alkaline reagent is 5-25%;
the pressure in the pressurizing device is 1.2-3.0 MPa;
the molar ratio of the alkaline reagent to the valuable metal is controlled to be 0.5-4: 1; the temperature for carrying out atmospheric sulfuric acid leaching on the valuable metal sulfide concentrate ore pulp is between 30 and 80 ℃, and the pH value is 0.5 to 2.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the pressurizing means is controlled by introducing a cooling liquid or steam.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the time of the atmospheric sulfuric acid leaching is 0.5-2 h.
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| CN111621644A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-04 | 盛隆资源再生（无锡）有限公司 | Treatment method of electroplating sludge |
| RU2755597C1 (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-09-17 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский горный университет» | Method for isolation of arsenic and antimony from copper-containing raw materials |
| CN113862471A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-31 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | High-pressure alkaline leaching method for high-silicon cobalt copper sulfide ore |
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