CN111171967B - 一种崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111171967B CN111171967B CN202010020416.5A CN202010020416A CN111171967B CN 111171967 B CN111171967 B CN 111171967B CN 202010020416 A CN202010020416 A CN 202010020416A CN 111171967 B CN111171967 B CN 111171967B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- effervescent
- acid
- particles
- sodium carbonate
- Prior art date
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 carbon peroxide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QJRVOJKLQNSNDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-dodecan-3-ylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical group CCCCCCCCCC(CC)C1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 QJRVOJKLQNSNDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007891 compressed tablet Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010669 acid-base reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001236 detergent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
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- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
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- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
- C11D17/0073—Tablets
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- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
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- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D3/1266—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite in liquid compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C11D3/3472—Organic compounds containing sulfur additionally containing -COOH groups or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，包括酸性阴离子表面活性剂、水溶性的固体无水有机酸、固体脂肪酸、碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠；所述的碳酸钠吸附酸性阴离子表面活性剂形成颗粒，所述的固体脂肪酸包裹碳酸氢钠形成颗粒。该泡腾型洗涤用品溶解速度较快，而且容易漂洗，能满足多种不同的洗涤用品的应用场合。本发明还公开了所述崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品的制备方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于泡腾型洗涤剂技术领域，具体涉及一种崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品及其制备方法。
背景技术
块状洗涤用品，是一种定量的洗涤用品，即每一块洗涤用品的质量是一定的。这样的洗涤用品便于计量，消费者在使用这种洗涤用品时，只需根据实际使用的需要投放相应数量的块状洗涤用品，即可精确地控制洗涤用品的使用量。另一方面，块状洗涤用品不含水，其活性组分的含量可以实现比液态洗涤用品更高，更便于运输和储存。
块状洗涤用品在使用的过程中，需要能快速地溶解。为了保证其溶解速度，现有技术中常用的方法是加入崩解剂。
一种常见的崩解剂包括可快速溶胀的聚合物或者是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、改性纤维素等，但可快速溶胀的聚合物在长期存放后容易失效，而聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和改性纤维素对崩解速度的改善程度非常有限。
另一种目前最常见也是最有效的崩解剂，是酸碱反应的泡腾体系。如CN1354780A公开了一种泡腾组分，所使用的就是酸碱反应的泡腾体系。其技术方案中除了所述的酸源和二氧化碳源外，为了将酸源制成颗粒状态，还在酸源的外部包覆涂层。一般而言，泡腾组分的涂层使用的是HLB值高的原料，常见的有非离子表面活性剂或非离子乳化剂，尤以非离子乳化剂为多。
然而，这类非离子乳化剂并无去污洗涤的功效，在使用过程中会对洗涤成分造成一定的阻碍，可能会对洗涤效果造成一定的影响。另一方面，泡腾体系需要被包裹的酸源和二氧化碳源接触后才能发挥“泡腾”作用，而固体状态的非离子表面活性剂或非离子乳化剂溶解速度较慢，使得酸源和二氧化碳源被释放出来需要耗费的时间长，进而使得泡腾型洗涤用品需要在放入水中一段时间后才能发挥作用，不便于使用。此外，由于常见的非离子表面活性剂和非离子乳化剂属于惰性物质，不与体系中的其他组分发生反应，使得泡腾型的洗涤用品加入水中后的溶解速度进一步变慢。
而且非离子表面活性剂和非离子乳化剂相对较难冲洗，使用该泡腾型洗涤用品后，需要进行多次的漂洗。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，该泡腾型洗涤用品溶解速度较快，而且容易漂洗，能满足多种不同的洗涤用品的应用场合。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供所述崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品的制备方法。
本发明的第一个目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，包括酸性阴离子表面活性剂、水溶性的固体无水有机酸、固体脂肪酸、碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠；所述的碳酸钠吸附酸性阴离子表面活性剂形成颗粒，所述的固体脂肪酸包裹碳酸氢钠形成颗粒。
本发明所述组分中作为碱源(二氧化碳源)的碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠均处于被包裹的颗粒状态。其中，碳酸钠被酸性阴离子表面活性剂所包裹，而碳酸氢钠被固体脂肪酸所包裹。固体脂肪酸对碳酸氢钠形成的包裹，代替了传统的非离子表面活性剂或非离子乳化剂。脂肪酸经中和后形成的脂肪酸盐本身是一种表面活性剂，在洗涤过程中对去污力的提升能起到积极的作用。使用固体脂肪酸的另一个好处是：脂肪酸容易冲洗，经过洗涤后可以非常方便地将该泡腾型洗涤用品漂洗干净；当用于个人清洗用品时，冲水肤感非常清爽。
本发明所述配方中作为包裹物的脂肪酸和作为被包裹物的碳酸氢钠在通常的储存条件下并不发生反应。当该洗涤用品投入大量的水中后，碳酸钠先溶解，使得水溶液整体呈碱性。碱性的水溶液与脂肪酸发生酸碱反应，使得脂肪酸快速地溶解，并释放出包裹其中的碳酸氢钠，并与溶解的水溶性无水有机酸反应，出现剧烈的泡腾现象。
作为本发明优选的实施方案，所述泡腾型洗涤用品中各组分的质量百分比含量如下：
酸性阴离子表面活性剂8～15％；
水溶性的固体无水有机酸30～40％；
固体脂肪酸3～5％；
碳酸钠20～35％；
碳酸氢钠10～20％。
为了本发明能达到更好的效果，所述的固体脂肪酸为常压下熔点大于40℃，且沸点高于180℃的一种或多种有机脂肪酸，包括但不限于月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述的酸性阴离子表面活性剂为直链烷基苯磺酸和/或脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸。
所述的水溶性的固体无水有机酸指的是常温常压下水溶性的、处于固体状态、且无结晶水的有机酸。所述的水溶性的固体无水有机酸选自柠檬酸、酒石酸、马来酸、苹果酸中的一种或多种。
所述的泡腾型洗涤用品还可以包含有现有洗涤用品中的各种常见成分，包括固体高分子助洗剂、层状硅酸钠、过氧化碳、4A沸石、固体脂肪醇硫酸钠、粉状α-烯基磺酸钠、酶制剂、膨润土、香精、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠、柠檬酸钠、消泡剂、脱模剂和聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种。其添加量按照一般洗涤用品的使用需求添加即可。
本发明的第二个目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)碳酸氢钠颗粒的制备将固体脂肪酸加热至熔融状态，并均匀地喷洒于碳酸氢钠表面，然后在流化床中附聚成型，筛选出粒径为60～180目的颗粒，得到碳酸氢钠颗粒；
(2)碳酸钠颗粒的制备将酸性阴离子表面活性剂与碳酸钠混合，令酸性阴离子表面活性剂被碳酸钠完全吸附，筛选出粒径为60～180目的颗粒，得到碳酸钠颗粒；
(3)混合压片将步骤(1)制得的碳酸氢钠颗粒、步骤(2)制得的碳酸钠颗粒和水溶性的固体无水有机酸混合均匀后，使用压片机进行压片，得到崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品。
优选地，步骤(1)和步骤(2)中筛选的颗粒粒径为80～120目。
在步骤(3)中，可以将现有洗涤用品中的各种常见成分与碳酸氢钠颗粒、碳酸钠颗粒和水溶性的固体无水有机酸一起混合均匀后，再进行压片。这些组分包括固体高分子助洗剂、层状硅酸钠、过氧化碳、4A沸石、固体脂肪醇硫酸钠、粉状α-烯基磺酸钠、酶制剂、膨润土、香精、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠、柠檬酸钠、消泡剂、脱模剂和聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种。
在步骤(3)压片的过程中，压片的压力大小优选为60～150kN。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明利用固体脂肪酸对作为碱源的碳酸钠进行了包裹，替代了传统的非离子表面活性剂或非离子乳化剂涂层，既可以减少碱源与空气中的水分接触，增加泡腾型洗涤用品的贮存稳定性，又起到了提高去污力的效果；
2、本发明在使用过程中，碳酸钠先溶解，使得水溶液整体呈碱性，然后碱性的水溶液与脂肪酸产生酸碱反应，使得脂肪酸快速地溶解，并释放出包裹其中的碳酸氢钠，并与溶解的水溶性无水有机酸反应，出现剧烈的泡腾现象，加快了泡腾型洗涤用品的崩解速度；
3、本发明所述泡腾型洗涤用品溶解后反应得到的脂肪酸钠容易冲洗，经过洗涤后可以非常方便地将该泡腾型洗涤用品漂洗干净；用于个人护理品时，冲水肤感清爽。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
以下实施例和对比例中：
崩解时间测试方法：
将待测泡腾型洗涤用品样品(30g/片)放置于25℃，体积为1L的水中，计算样品从泡入水中至完全崩解的时间。
所述的强化处理为：将泡腾型洗涤用品置于35℃、85％湿度的条件下放置两周。
漂洗性能测试：
采用机洗的方式洗涤，其中浸泡、洗涤、甩干、漂洗等各环节及用水量采用标准模式，洗涤用水的硬度为250ppm，洗涤温度为25℃，加入JB-01、JB-02和JB-03标准污布各一片作为标准污垢，加入干净毛巾作为陪洗织物，令洗涤织物的总质量为4kg，采用不同的洗涤剂用同一模式进行洗涤，洗涤剂用量为30g，收集第一次漂洗、第二次漂洗和第三次漂洗过后的水，按照GB/T 13173-2008测试40℃条件下的发泡力，泡沫越低，表示漂洗越干净。
实施例1～8
以下实施例1～8的泡腾型洗涤用品通过如下方法制备：
(1)碳酸氢钠颗粒的制备将固体脂肪酸加热至熔融状态，并均匀地喷洒于碳酸氢钠表面，然后在流化床中附聚成型，筛选出粒径为60～180目的颗粒，得到碳酸氢钠颗粒；
(2)碳酸钠颗粒的制备将酸性阴离子表面活性剂与碳酸钠混合，令酸性阴离子表面活性剂被碳酸钠完全吸附，筛选出粒径为80～120目的颗粒，得到碳酸钠颗粒；
(3)混合压片将步骤(1)制得的碳酸氢钠颗粒、步骤(2)制得的碳酸钠颗粒、水溶性的固体无水有机酸以及其他组分混合均匀后，使用压片机进行压片，压力为60～150kN，得到崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品。
实施例1～8的组分及其质量百分比含量如下表-1所示；表中的对比产品为组分含量与对应的实施例相同，但各组分仅采用简单的物理混合然后压片的泡腾型洗涤用品：
表-1
从上表中的结果可见，与对比产品相比，实施例1～8的崩解时间比对比产品短，证明酸性阴离子表面活性剂包裹碳酸钠形成颗粒、固体脂肪酸包裹碳酸氢钠形成颗粒对于泡腾型洗涤用品的崩解速度确实起到了积极的影响，这种影响在经过强化处理中表现得更加明显。
在漂洗性能测试中，实施例1～8在第三次漂洗后泡沫的高度均为0mm，说明经过3次漂洗后，本发明所述的泡腾型洗涤用品已被漂洗干净。
测试步骤(1)制得的碳酸氢钠颗粒和步骤(2)制得的碳酸钠颗粒的粒径对泡腾速度的影响，结果如下表-2所示，表中的数据表示崩解时间(s)：
表-2
对比上表-1和上表-2的结果可见，当碳酸氢钠颗粒和碳酸钠颗粒的粒径为60～180目时，崩解时间均优于表-1中对比产品的崩解时间；对碳酸氢钠颗粒和碳酸钠颗粒的粒径为80～120目，崩解时间更短。
对比例1～8
以下各对比例与对应的实施例相比，酸源(水溶性的固体无水有机酸)和碱源(碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠)保持不变，使用熔点为40～70℃的烷氧基化醇取代脂肪酸，将所述的酸性阴离子表面活性剂替换为经中和后成为盐的阴离子表面活性剂，并以烷氧基化醇包裹酸源或碱源(碳酸氢钠)，然后进行压片。
对比例1～8的组分及其质量百分比含量如下表-3所示：
表-3
从上表可见，与实施例1～8相比，无论是强化处理前还是强化处理后，对比例1～8的崩解时间更长。而且对比例1～8经过第三次漂洗后，泡沫高度依然≥20mm，说明三次漂洗仍无法将对比例1～8漂洗干净。
经过实施例1～8与对比例1～8的对比后可见，实施例1～8所述的泡腾型洗涤用品崩解速度更快，且更容易漂洗，适用于各种不同场合的洗涤要求。
以上实施例仅是对本发明方案的示例性说明，各组分在本发明所限定的范围内可以自由搭配和替换，均不影响本发明目的实现。
其中，所述的固体脂肪酸可以选用常压下熔点大于40℃，且沸点高于180℃的一种或多种有机脂肪酸，包括但不限于月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸中的一种或多种。
所述的酸性阴离子表面活性剂可以选自直链烷基苯磺酸和/或脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸。
所述的水溶性的固体无水有机酸选自柠檬酸、酒石酸、马来酸、苹果酸中的一种或多种。
所述的泡腾型洗涤用品包含其他有现有洗涤用品中的各种常见成分，包括固体高分子助洗剂、层状硅酸钠、过氧化碳、4A沸石、固体脂肪醇硫酸钠、粉状α-烯基磺酸钠、酶制剂、膨润土、香精、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠、柠檬酸钠、消泡剂、脱模剂和聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种。
需要指出的是，上述实施例仅是对本发明的进一步说明，而不是限制，本领域技术人员在与本发明技术方案的相当的含义和范围内的任何调整或改变，都应认为是包括在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (11)
1.一种崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，其特征在于，包括酸性阴离子表面活性剂、水溶性的固体无水有机酸、固体脂肪酸、碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠；所述的碳酸钠吸附酸性阴离子表面活性剂形成颗粒，所述的固体脂肪酸包裹碳酸氢钠形成颗粒；
碳酸氢钠颗粒的制备：将固体脂肪酸加热至熔融状态，并均匀地喷洒于碳酸氢钠表面，然后在流化床中附聚成型，筛选出粒径为60～180目的颗粒，得到碳酸氢钠颗粒；
碳酸钠颗粒的制备：将酸性阴离子表面活性剂与碳酸钠混合，令酸性阴离子表面活性剂被碳酸钠完全吸附，筛选出粒径为60～180目的颗粒，得到碳酸钠颗粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，其特征在于，各组分的质量百分比含量如下：酸性阴离子表面活性剂8～15％；水溶性的固体无水有机酸30～40％；固体脂肪酸3～5％；碳酸钠20～35％；碳酸氢钠10～20％。
3.根据权利要求2所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，其特征在于，所述的固体脂肪酸为常压下熔点大于40℃，且沸点高于180℃的一种或多种有机脂肪酸。
4.根据权利要求3所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，其特征在于，所述的固体脂肪酸为月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，其特征在于，所述的酸性阴离子表面活性剂为直链烷基苯磺酸和/或脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸。
6.根据权利要求2所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，其特征在于，所述的水溶性的固体无水有机酸选自柠檬酸、酒石酸、马来酸、苹果酸中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品，其特征在于，还包括固体高分子助洗剂、层状硅酸钠、过氧化碳、4A沸石、固体脂肪醇硫酸钠、粉状α-烯基磺酸钠、酶制剂、膨润土、香精、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠、柠檬酸钠、消泡剂、脱模剂和聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种。
8.一种权利要求1～6任一项所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)碳酸氢钠颗粒的制备： 将固体脂肪酸加热至熔融状态，并均匀地喷洒于碳酸氢钠表面，然后在流化床中附聚成型，筛选出粒径为60～180目的颗粒，得到碳酸氢钠颗粒；
(2)碳酸钠颗粒的制备： 将酸性阴离子表面活性剂与碳酸钠混合，令酸性阴离子表面活性剂被碳酸钠完全吸附，筛选出粒径为60～180目的颗粒，得到碳酸钠颗粒；
(3)混合压片将步骤(1)制得的碳酸氢钠颗粒、步骤(2)制得的碳酸钠颗粒和水溶性的固体无水有机酸混合均匀后，使用压片机进行压片，得到崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品。
9.根据权利要求8所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)和步骤(2)中筛选的颗粒粒径为80～120目。
10.根据权利要求8所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤(3)中，将固体高分子助洗剂、层状硅酸钠、过氧化碳、4A沸石、固体脂肪醇硫酸钠、粉状α-烯基磺酸钠、酶制剂、膨润土、香精、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠、柠檬酸钠、消泡剂、脱模剂和聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种，与碳酸氢钠颗粒、碳酸钠颗粒和水溶性的固体无水有机酸一起混合均匀后，再进行压片。
11.根据权利要求8所述的崩解速度快且易漂洗的泡腾型洗涤用品的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤(3)压片的过程中，压片的压力大小为60～150kN。
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