CN111155579B - Folding bulldozer blade, control system and bulldozer - Google Patents
Folding bulldozer blade, control system and bulldozer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111155579B CN111155579B CN202010047692.0A CN202010047692A CN111155579B CN 111155579 B CN111155579 B CN 111155579B CN 202010047692 A CN202010047692 A CN 202010047692A CN 111155579 B CN111155579 B CN 111155579B
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 294
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
- E02F3/7609—Scraper blade mounted forwardly of the tractor on a pair of pivoting arms which are linked to the sides of the tractor, e.g. bulldozers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
- E02F3/80—Component parts
- E02F3/815—Blades; Levelling or scarifying tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
- E02F3/80—Component parts
- E02F3/84—Drives or control devices therefor, e.g. hydraulic drive systems
- E02F3/844—Drives or control devices therefor, e.g. hydraulic drive systems for positioning the blade, e.g. hydraulically
- E02F3/847—Drives or control devices therefor, e.g. hydraulic drive systems for positioning the blade, e.g. hydraulically using electromagnetic, optical or acoustic beams to determine the blade position, e.g. laser beams
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of bulldozers, and discloses a folding bulldozer shovel, a control system and a bulldozer. The folding blade includes an arch; the main tool bit is connected to the arch frame; the two auxiliary cutter heads are respectively positioned at two ends of the main cutter head and are hinged with the main cutter head; the folding oil cylinder is arranged on the arch frame, the output end of the folding oil cylinder is connected with the auxiliary cutter head, and the folding oil cylinder is configured to adjust the included angle between the auxiliary cutter head and the main cutter head; and the output end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the arch frame, and the lifting oil cylinder is configured to drive the main tool bit and the auxiliary tool bit to lift and descend. The folding bulldozer blade disclosed by the invention can be used for quickly adjusting the width of the bulldozer blade, and the adjustment time is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bulldozers, in particular to a folding bulldozer blade, a control system and a bulldozer.
Background
The bulldozer comprises a shovel blade and a pushing frame, wherein the shovel blade is arranged at the front end of the bulldozer and is a main working device of the bulldozer, and the shovel blade ascends and descends through a hydraulic oil cylinder to realize bulldozing operation.
When the bulldozer works, the shovel blade is cut into the soil, and the cutting and pushing work of the soil is completed by virtue of the advancing power of the bulldozer body. Under the working conditions of pushing and shoveling a foundation pit, cutting, constructing a embankment or narrow working range, and the like, the working conditions have corresponding requirements on the width of the bulldozer, and in order to meet construction requirements, the shovel blade needs to be replaced, but the shovel blade needs to be stopped and stopped for a long time, so that the working efficiency is low, the working labor intensity is high, and the application range of the bulldozer is greatly restricted.
The prior patent ZL201620739365.0 proposes a multifunctional folding shovel blade for bulldozers, wherein a left shovel blade and a right shovel blade are stretched by virtue of a telescopic rod and drive the left shovel blade and the right shovel blade to change, and the shape of the shovel blade is adjusted so as to realize soil collection, soil distribution and transportation functions. Specifically, the telescopic rod is a telescopic rod screwed out by a threaded structure, and when the left shovel blade and the right shovel blade are adjusted, the bulldozer stops, and the adjustment is realized by manually screwing the threaded structure. The prior patent ZL01240434.9 provides a combined shovel blade of a bulldozer, wherein a supporting rod is arranged between the left shovel blade, the right shovel blade and the arch frame, and when the left shovel blade and the right shovel blade are adjusted, the supporting rod is correspondingly replaced.
In the two technical schemes, when the left shovel blade and the right shovel blade are adjusted, the bulldozer needs to stop working, the adjustment time is long, the workload is large, and the working efficiency is low.
The invention provides a folding bulldozer blade, a control system and a bulldozer, which are used for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a folding bulldozer blade, which can quickly adjust the width of the bulldozer blade and shorten the adjustment time.
The invention also provides a control system for controlling the folding and unfolding of the folding bulldozer blade so as to quickly adjust the width of the bulldozer blade and adapt to the requirements of different working conditions.
The invention also provides the bulldozer, which is controlled by the control system to quickly adjust the width of the bulldozer, shorten the stop working time of the bulldozer, avoid stopping the bulldozer, and improve the working efficiency of the bulldozer.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
provided is a folding bulldozer blade, comprising:
an arch frame;
the main tool bit is connected to the arch frame;
the two auxiliary cutter heads are respectively positioned at two ends of the main cutter head and are hinged with the main cutter head;
The folding oil cylinder is arranged on the arch frame, the output end of the folding oil cylinder is connected with the auxiliary cutter head, and the folding oil cylinder is configured to adjust the included angle between the auxiliary cutter head and the main cutter head;
and the output end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the arch frame, and the lifting oil cylinder is configured to drive the main tool bit and the auxiliary tool bit to lift and descend.
The invention also provides a control system for controlling the folding bulldozer blade, the control system comprises:
Four pilot control valves;
A working oil pump and a pilot oil pump, both of which are communicated with a working oil tank, the working oil pump being configured to supply hydraulic oil to the lift cylinder and the folding cylinder, the pilot oil pump being configured to supply pilot control oil to the four pilot control valves;
The hydraulic control system comprises a first oil way control valve and a second oil way control valve, wherein two pilot control valves are connected to a pilot oil port K1 and a pilot oil port K2 of the first oil way control valve in one-to-one correspondence, and the other two pilot control valves are connected to a pilot oil port K3 and a pilot oil port K4 of the second oil way control valve in one-to-one correspondence;
The first oil way control valve is connected with the working oil pump and is configured to control the folding oil cylinder to act; the second oil path control valve is capable of communicating with the working oil pump via the first oil path control valve, and is configured to control the lift cylinder to act.
Preferably, the control system further comprises:
And the inlet of the third one-way valve is connected with the port B of the first oil way control valve, and the outlet of the third one-way valve is connected with the rodless cavity of the folding oil cylinder.
Preferably, the control system further comprises:
The first overflow valve is arranged in parallel with the third one-way valve, and is connected between the port B of the first oil way control valve and the rodless cavity of the folding oil cylinder, and the pilot oil port of the first overflow valve is simultaneously connected with the rodless cavity and the rod-containing cavity of the folding oil cylinder.
Preferably, the control system further comprises an electrical system comprising a control switch and a wiring harness;
Electromagnetic proportional valves are arranged on the pipelines between the rod cavities of the two folding oil cylinders and the port A of the first oil way control valve, and the electromagnetic proportional valves control the on-off of the pipeline supplying oil to the rod cavities of the folding oil cylinders;
The control switch is connected to the electromagnetic proportional valve through a wire harness, and the control switch is configured to control on-off of the electromagnetic proportional valve.
Preferably, the control system further comprises:
The oil cylinder quick drop valve is connected between a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, one control oil port of the oil cylinder quick drop valve is connected with the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, and the other control oil port is connected with an A port of the second oil way control valve.
Preferably, a fourth one-way valve is arranged on a pipeline between the oil cylinder quick-descending valve and the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, and the fourth one-way valve can prevent hydraulic oil in the rod-shaped cavity of the lifting oil cylinder from entering the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder.
Preferably, a ball valve is provided on a line between the pilot oil pump and the pilot control valve, the ball valve being configured to be able to block a line supplying oil to the pilot control valve.
Preferably, an accumulator is further arranged on a pipeline between the pilot oil pump and the ball valve.
The invention also provides a bulldozer, which comprises a bulldozer body and the folding bulldozer blade, wherein the folding bulldozer blade is connected with the front end of the bulldozer body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the folding oil cylinder is used for driving the auxiliary tool bit so as to quickly adjust the included angle between the auxiliary tool bit and the main tool bit, thereby quickly adjusting the width of the bulldozer, realizing quick switching between a bulldozing state and a soil dividing state, being convenient and flexible to operate, greatly shortening the time for stopping the bulldozer from working, even needing no machine halt, greatly improving the working efficiency, and simultaneously reducing the manual workload. The lifting oil cylinder controls the lifting and the descending of the folding type bulldozer blade so as to finish the actions such as bulldozing operation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the bulldozer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the folding blade of the present invention in a conventional blade-type condition;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the folding blade of the present invention in a minimum width condition;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the folding blade of the present invention in various conditions;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the single control handle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the control system of the present invention at the first and second oil control valves;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the control system of the present invention at the folding cylinder and lift cylinder.
In the figure: 1. an arch frame; 2. a main cutter head; 3. an auxiliary cutter head; 4. folding oil cylinder; 5. a lifting oil cylinder; 6. a pilot control valve; 7. a working oil pump; 8. a pilot oil pump; 9. a working oil tank; 10. a first oil path control valve; 11. a second oil path control valve; 12. a third one-way valve; 14. a first overflow valve; 15. an electromagnetic proportional valve; 16. a quick drop valve of the oil cylinder; 17. a fourth one-way valve; 18. a ball valve; 19. an accumulator; 20. a first one-way valve; 21. a second one-way valve; 22. a filter; 23. a second overflow valve; 24. an oil filter; 25. an oil cooler; 26. a bulldozer body.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrally connected; it may be a mechanical connection that is made, or may be an electrical connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, there is provided a bulldozer comprising a bulldozer body 26, and a folding blade, and a control system, wherein the folding blade is mounted at the front end of the bulldozer body 26, and the control system controls folding of the folding blade to change the width of the blade, and at the same time, can control the folding blade to be lifted up and down as a whole to perform a bulldozing action.
When the bulldozer works, the folding bulldozer can quickly switch the states of the bulldozer according to the use demands of different working conditions, so that the width of the bulldozer can be adjusted, the adjustment speed of the bulldozer is high, the stop time of the bulldozer is short, the machine does not need to be stopped, and the working efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the folding bulldozer comprises an arch frame 1, a main cutter head 2, two auxiliary cutter heads 3, a folding cylinder 4 and a lifting cylinder 5, wherein the arch frame 1 is connected to a bulldozer body 26 of the bulldozer, the main cutter head 2 is connected to the arch frame 1, the two auxiliary cutter heads 3 are respectively positioned at two ends of the main cutter head 2 and are hinged to the main cutter head 2, the folding cylinder 4 is arranged on the arch frame 1, the output end of the folding cylinder 4 is connected to the auxiliary cutter heads 3, and the folding cylinder 4 is configured to drive the auxiliary cutter heads 3 to adjust an included angle between the auxiliary cutter heads 3 and the main cutter heads 2. The quick switching between the bulldozing state and the soil dividing state is realized, and the operation is convenient and flexible. The lift cylinder 5 is mounted on the bulldozer body 26, and an output end of the lift cylinder 5 is connected to the gantry 1, and the lift cylinder 5 is configured to drive the main blade 2 and the sub-blade 3 up and down.
Compared with the combined shovel blade of the bulldozer provided in the patent ZL01240434.9, the folding oil cylinder 4 provided in the embodiment provides power for the auxiliary tool bit 3, and folding and unfolding of the bulldozer can be realized by changing the stroke of the folding oil cylinder 4. When the bulldozer works, the folding cylinder 4 is used as a supporting rod of the auxiliary tool bit 3 at the same time, and provides supporting force for the auxiliary tool bit 3. The structure of the supporting rod between the auxiliary tool bit 3 and the arch frame 1 of the main tool bit 2 is canceled, and the supporting rod does not need to be manually replaced when the state of the bulldozer blade is changed.
Compared with the shovel blade structure in the two patents in the prior art, the folding bulldozer provided by the embodiment has the advantages that in the working process of the bulldozer, the folding cylinder 4 is used for driving the auxiliary tool bit 3 so as to quickly adjust the included angle between the auxiliary tool bit 3 and the main tool bit 2, thus quickly adjusting the width of the bulldozer, realizing the quick switching between the bulldozer state and the soil dividing state, being convenient and flexible to operate, greatly shortening the stop time of the bulldozer, even greatly improving the working efficiency without stopping the bulldozer, and simultaneously reducing the manual workload. The lift cylinder 5 controls the lifting and lowering of the folding blade to perform the actions such as the bulldozing work.
As shown in fig. 1, two folding cylinders 4 and two lifting cylinders 5 in this embodiment are disposed about a central symmetry line of the bulldozer body 26 (i.e., a horizontal center line in fig. 1, a vehicle body center indicated in the drawing), and an output end of each folding cylinder 4 is connected to one sub-cutter 3.
The folding blade provided in this embodiment is arbitrarily adjusted in width in the range of the normal bulldozing state (fig. 2) and the minimum width state (fig. 3) by reasonably arranging the position and stroke of the folding cylinder 4.
In this embodiment, in the maximum bulldozer working state, as shown in fig. 4-a, the folding cylinders 4 on both sides are located at the maximum stroke position, so as to meet the normal bulldozer working requirement.
In an offset blade operating condition, as shown in figures 4-b and 4-c, with the folding cylinder 4 on one side in the maximum position and the folding position on the other side, the blade is offset relative to the center line of symmetry of the dozer body 26, meeting blade offset blade operating requirements.
In the symmetrical bulldozer working state with different widths, as shown in fig. 4-d, the folding cylinders 4 on two sides are simultaneously adjusted, the width of the bulldozer blade is symmetrical, and at the moment, the bulldozer blade is symmetrical about the central symmetry line of the bulldozer body 26, so that the symmetrical bulldozer working requirements of the bulldozer blade with different widths are met.
In the asymmetrical bulldozing operation state with different widths, as shown in fig. 4-e, the folding cylinders 4 on the two sides are respectively adjusted, and the widths on the two sides of the bulldozer blade are different.
In the transportation state, as shown in fig. 4-f, the folding cylinders 4 on two sides are positioned at the shortest travel position, so that the width of the shovel blade is minimum, and the transportation is convenient.
As shown in FIG. 5, the dozer further includes a single control knob disposed within the cab of the dozer body 26, the single control knob being able to move left, right, forward, rearward, and maintain a neutral position. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a single control handle controls the unfolding and folding actions of the folding cylinder 4 and the lifting and lowering actions of the lifting cylinder 5.
The control system controls the folding cylinder 4 and the lifting cylinder 5 to act. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control system, and fig. 7 and 8 are partial structural diagrams of different parts of the control system, respectively. The control system is described in detail below in conjunction with fig. 6, 7 and 8.
Specifically, the control system includes four pilot control valves 6, a working oil pump 7, a pilot oil pump 8, a first oil path control valve 10, and a second oil path control valve 11, wherein the single control handle acts to control the four pilot control valves 6 to act respectively, the four pilot control valves 6 are all communicated with a working oil tank 9, the working oil pump 7 is configured to supply hydraulic oil to the lift cylinder 5 and the folding cylinder 4, and the pilot oil pump 8 is configured to supply pilot control oil to the four pilot control valves 6. Wherein two pilot control valves 6 are connected to the pilot port K1 and the pilot port K2 of the first oil path control valve 10 in one-to-one correspondence, and the other two pilot control valves 6 are connected to the pilot port K3 and the pilot port K4 of the second oil path control valve 11 in one-to-one correspondence. The first oil path control valve 10 is connected to the working oil pump 7, the first oil path control valve 10 is configured to control the operation of the folding cylinder 4, the second oil path control valve 11 is capable of communicating with the working oil pump 7 via the first oil path control valve 10, and the second oil path control valve 11 is configured to control the operation of the lift cylinder 5.
In this embodiment, the four pilot control valves 6 are an expanding pilot control valve, a folding pilot control valve, a lifting pilot control valve, and a lowering pilot control valve, respectively.
The deployment pilot control valve is connected to the pilot port K1 of the first oil path control valve 10 to control the spool of the first oil path control valve 10 to move rightward. The folding pilot control valve is connected to the pilot port K2 of the first oil path control valve 10 to control the spool of the first oil path control valve 10 to move left.
The lifting pilot control valve is connected to the pilot oil port K3 of the second oil path control valve 11 to control the spool to move right, and the lowering pilot control valve is connected to the pilot oil port K4 of the second oil path control valve 11 to control the spool to move left.
The port A of the first oil way control valve 10 is connected with rod cavities of the two folding oil cylinders 4, and the port B is connected with rodless cavities of the two folding oil cylinders 4. The port P of the first oil path control valve 10 is communicated with the working oil pump 7 through a first check valve 20, the inlet of the first check valve 20 is connected with the oil outlet of the working oil pump 7, and the port T of the first oil path control valve 10 is connected with the working oil tank 9.
The port A of the second oil-way control valve 11 is connected with the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 5, the port B of the second oil-way control valve 11 is connected with the rod-free cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 5, the port P of the second oil-way control valve 11 is connected with the port S of the first oil-way control valve 10 after passing through the second one-way valve 21, and the inlet of the second one-way valve 21 is connected with the port S of the first oil-way control valve 10. The R port of the second oil passage control valve 11 is connected to the S port of the first oil passage control valve 10, and the S port of the second oil passage control valve 11 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 9.
The control system further comprises a third one-way valve 12 and a first overflow valve 14 which are arranged in parallel, wherein an inlet of the third one-way valve 12 is connected with a port B of the first oil way control valve 10, and an outlet of the third one-way valve 12 is connected with a rodless cavity of the folding oil cylinder 4. The first relief valve 14 is connected between the port B of the first oil path control valve 10 and the rodless chamber of the folding cylinder 4, and the pilot end of the first relief valve 14 is connected to the rodless chamber and the rod-containing chamber of the folding cylinder 4 at the same time.
After the sum of the pressures in the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber and the rod-containing chamber of the folding cylinder 4 overcomes the set pressure of the spring of the first relief valve 14, the first relief valve 14 opens and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the folding cylinder 4 starts to overflow back to the working oil tank 9. When the impact on the bulldozer blade is too large, the pressure in the rod cavity or the rodless cavity of the folding cylinder 4 can be increased rapidly, and at the moment, the first overflow valve 14 is opened to drain oil rapidly, so that the folding cylinder 4 is prevented from being damaged.
The control system also includes an electrical system connected to the battery of the bulldozer, the electrical system including two control switches and a wiring harness. Electromagnetic proportional valves 15 are arranged on the pipelines between the rod cavities of the two folding oil cylinders 4 and the port A of the first oil way control valve 10, and the electromagnetic proportional valves 15 control the on-off of the pipeline supplying oil to the rod cavities of the folding oil cylinders 4. In this embodiment, the electromagnetic proportional valve 15 is normally closed in a normal state. The control switch is connected to the electromagnetic proportional valve 15 through a wire harness, and the control switch is configured to control on-off of the electromagnetic proportional valve 15. When both control switches are turned off at the same time, unnecessary erroneous operation at the time of the bulldozer operation can be prevented.
As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the control system further includes an oil cylinder quick drop valve 16, where the oil cylinder quick drop valve 16 is connected between the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the lift oil cylinder 5, and one control oil port of the oil cylinder quick drop valve 16 is connected to the rod cavity of the lift oil cylinder 5, and the other control oil port is connected to the a port of the second oil path control valve 11. A fourth one-way valve 17 is arranged on a pipeline between the oil cylinder quick drop valve 16 and the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 5, and the fourth one-way valve 17 can prevent hydraulic oil in the rod-containing cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 5 from entering the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 5.
A ball valve 18 is arranged on a pipeline between the pilot oil pump 8 and the pilot control valve 6, and the ball valve 18 mainly plays a role in locking a vehicle to prevent unnecessary misoperation.
Meanwhile, an energy accumulator 19 is further arranged on a pipeline between the pilot oil pump 8 and the ball valve 18, when the engine fails, the engine is shut down, the energy accumulator 19 can continuously provide power for the whole hydraulic system, and the shovel blade is put down, so that safe operation can be realized.
The control system further comprises a filter 22 arranged in the line between the pilot oil pump 8 and the accumulator 19. In addition, a second relief valve 23 is provided between the filter 22 and the working oil tank 9, and when the oil entering the accumulator 19 reaches a certain level, the ball valve 18 is in a closed state, and the pilot oil passing through the filter 22 flows back to the working oil tank 9 through the second relief valve 23. A fifth one-way valve and an oil cooler 25 which are arranged in parallel are connected to the pipeline between the second overflow valve 23 and the working oil tank 9. The fifth one-way valve is arranged to prevent the oil in the working oil tank 9 from back-sucking and flowing to the second overflow valve 23, so as to cause impact to the second overflow valve 23. An oil cooler 25 is provided for cooling the hydraulic oil in the line after the second overflow valve 23. In addition, a one-way valve is further arranged between the filter 22 and the accumulator 19 to prevent the reverse impact of the hydraulic oil in the accumulator 19 on the filter, and simultaneously prevent impurities in the filter 22 from flowing back to the pilot oil pump 8 after being subjected to the reverse impact of the hydraulic oil, so that the performance of the pilot oil pump 8 is affected.
An oil filter 24 is arranged on the pipeline between the T port of the first oil way control valve 10 and the working oil tank 9 and the pipeline between the T port of the second oil way control valve 11 and the working oil tank 9, and the oil filter 24 is used for filtering hydraulic oil which flows back to the working oil tank 9 after passing through the lifting oil cylinder 5 or the folding oil cylinder 4.
When the pilot control valve 6 is not operated, the flow direction of the hydraulic oil is controlled as follows: the working oil tank 9, the pilot oil pump 8, the filter 22, the second relief valve 23 and the working oil tank 9.
The flow direction of the working hydraulic oil is as follows: the working oil tank 9, the working oil pump 7, the spool of the first oil passage control valve 10 and the spool of the second oil passage control valve 11 are both located in the center oil filter 24 and the working oil tank 9.
When the blade is lifted, the ball valve 18 is opened, the control handle is operated to the lifted position, and at this time, the pilot control valve is lifted.
The flow direction of the hydraulic oil is controlled as follows: the working oil tank 9, the pilot oil pump 8, the filter 22, the accumulator 19, the ball valve 18, the oil inlet of the lifting pilot control valve, the pilot control oil inlet K3 of the second oil path control valve 11, the valve core of the second oil path control valve 11 moves right, the lifting oil cylinder 5 drives the bulldozer blade to ascend to a certain position, and the oil return port of the pilot control valve is lifted, namely the working oil tank 9.
The flow direction of the working hydraulic oil is as follows: the working oil tank 9, the working oil pump 7, the R port of the first oil path control valve 10, the S port of the first oil path control valve 10, the second check valve 21, the P port of the second oil path control valve 11, the A port of the second oil path control valve 11, the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 5, the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 5, the B port of the second oil path control valve 11, the T port of the second oil path control valve 11, the oil filter 24 and the working oil tank 9.
When the bulldozer blade descends: the ball valve 18 is opened and the single control handle is manipulated to the lowered position, at which point the pilot valve is lowered.
The flow direction of the hydraulic oil is controlled as follows: the working oil tank 9, the pilot oil pump 8, the filter 22, the accumulator 19, the ball valve 18, the oil inlet of the descending pilot control valve, the pilot control oil inlet K4 of the second oil path control valve 11, the valve core of the second oil path control valve 11 moves left, the lifting oil cylinder 5 drives the bulldozer to descend to a certain position, and the oil return port of the descending pilot control valve and the working oil tank 9.
The flow direction of the working hydraulic oil is as follows: the working oil tank 9, the working oil pump 7, the R port of the first oil path control valve 10, the S port of the first oil path control valve 10, the second one-way valve 21, the P port of the second oil path control valve 11, the B port of the second oil path control valve 11, the lifting oil cylinder 5 without a rod cavity, the lifting oil cylinder 5 with a rod cavity, the A port of the second oil path control valve 11, the T port of the second oil path control valve 11, the oil filter 24 and the working oil tank 9.
When the bulldozer blade rapidly descends, the oil in the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 5 is required to be rapidly increased, the oil in the rod cavity is rapidly reduced, at the moment, the oil cylinder rapid descending valve 16 is communicated with the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 5, so that hydraulic oil in the rod cavity rapidly enters the rodless cavity, and meanwhile, the fourth one-way valve 17 prevents the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity from flowing backwards to the rod cavity.
When the bulldozer blade is unfolded: the ball valve 18 is opened, and only one of the two control switches for controlling the operation of the electromagnetic proportional valve 15 can be opened, or the two control switches can be opened simultaneously, and the single control handle is operated to the unfolding position, so that the operation of the unfolding pilot control valve is performed.
The flow direction of the hydraulic oil is controlled as follows: the hydraulic shovel is driven to be unfolded to a certain position by the folding oil cylinder 4, and the hydraulic shovel is unfolded to an oil return port of the pilot control valve, namely the hydraulic shovel 9, the pilot oil pump 8, the filter 22, the accumulator 19, the ball valve 18, an oil inlet of the unfolded pilot control valve, pilot control oil enters a K1 port of the first oil way control valve 10, a valve core of the first oil way control valve 10 moves rightwards, and the hydraulic shovel is unfolded to the working oil tank 9.
The flow direction of the working hydraulic oil is as follows: the working oil tank 9, the working oil pump 7, the first one-way valve 20, the P port of the first oil path control valve 10, the A port of the first oil path control valve 10, the electromagnetic proportional valve 15, the rod cavity of the folding oil cylinder 4, the rodless cavity of the folding oil cylinder 4, the overflow valve 14, the B port of the first oil path control valve 10, the T port of the first oil path control valve 10, the oil filter 24 and the working oil tank 9.
When the bulldozer blade is folded: the ball valve 18 is opened, and the two control switches for controlling the action of the electromagnetic proportional valve 15 can be opened only by one of them, or can be opened simultaneously, and the single control handle is operated to the folding position, namely the action of the folding pilot control valve.
The flow direction of the hydraulic oil is controlled as follows: the working oil tank 9, the pilot oil pump 8, the filter 22, the accumulator 19, the ball valve 18, the oil inlet of the folding pilot control valve, the pilot control oil inlet, the K2 port of the first oil path control valve 10, the left movement of the valve core of the first oil path control valve 10, the folding oil cylinder 4 drives the bulldozer blade to fold to a certain position, and the oil return port of the folding pilot control valve, namely the working oil tank 9.
The flow direction of the working hydraulic oil is as follows: the working oil tank 9, the working oil pump 7, the first one-way valve 20, the P port of the first oil way control valve 10, the B port of the first oil way control valve 10, the third one-way valve 12, the folding cylinder 4 without a rod cavity, the folding cylinder 4 with a rod cavity, the electromagnetic proportional valve 15, the B port of the first oil way control valve 10, the T port of the first oil way control valve 10, the oil filter 24 and the working oil tank 9.
According to the embodiment, the control system is utilized to control the folding bulldozer to work, the practical problem of the bulldozer during work can be well solved, the bulldozer can be enabled to rapidly switch the state of the folding bulldozer according to the use requirements of different working conditions, therefore, the working efficiency of the bulldozer is improved, when the bulldozer switches the bulldozer state, a driver does not need to stop, the driver can operate a single control handle, automatic and rapid switching of the bulldozer working state can be achieved, the labor intensity is effectively reduced, and the production efficiency is further improved.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A control system for controlling a folding blade, the folding blade comprising:
An arch (1);
the main tool bit (2) is connected to the arch frame (1);
The two auxiliary cutter heads (3) are respectively positioned at two ends of the main cutter head (2), and are hinged with the main cutter head (2);
the folding oil cylinder (4) is arranged on the arch frame (1), the output end of the folding oil cylinder (4) is connected with the auxiliary cutter head (3), and the folding oil cylinder (4) is configured to adjust the included angle between the auxiliary cutter head (3) and the main cutter head (2);
a lifting oil cylinder (5), wherein the output end of the lifting oil cylinder (5) is connected to the arch frame (1), and the lifting oil cylinder (5) is configured to drive the main cutter head (2) and the auxiliary cutter head (3) to lift and descend;
The control system includes:
Four pilot control valves (6);
-a working oil pump (7) and a pilot oil pump (8), both communicating with a working oil tank (9), the working oil pump (7) being configured to provide hydraulic oil to the lift cylinder (5) and the folding cylinder (4), the pilot oil pump (8) being configured to provide pilot control oil to the four pilot control valves (6);
The hydraulic control system comprises a first oil way control valve (10) and a second oil way control valve (11), wherein two pilot control valves (6) are connected to a pilot oil port K1 and a pilot oil port K2 of the first oil way control valve (10) in one-to-one correspondence, and the other two pilot control valves (6) are connected to a pilot oil port K3 and a pilot oil port K4 of the second oil way control valve (11) in one-to-one correspondence;
The first oil way control valve (10) is connected to the working oil pump (7), and the first oil way control valve (10) is configured to control the folding oil cylinder (4) to act; the second oil path control valve (11) can be communicated with the working oil pump (7) through the first oil path control valve (10), and the second oil path control valve (11) is configured to control the lifting oil cylinder (5) to act;
The inlet of the third one-way valve (12) is connected with the port B of the first oil way control valve (10), and the outlet of the third one-way valve (12) is connected with the rodless cavity of the folding oil cylinder (4);
The first overflow valve (14) is arranged in parallel with the third one-way valve (12), the first overflow valve (14) is connected between the port B of the first oil way control valve (10) and the rodless cavity of the folding oil cylinder (4), and a pilot oil port of the first overflow valve (14) is simultaneously connected with the rodless cavity and the rod-containing cavity of the folding oil cylinder (4).
2. The control system of claim 1, further comprising an electrical system comprising a control switch and a wiring harness;
An electromagnetic proportional valve (15) is arranged on a pipeline between the rod cavities of the two folding oil cylinders (4) and the A port of the first oil way control valve (10), and the electromagnetic proportional valve (15) controls the on-off of a pipeline for supplying oil to the rod cavities of the folding oil cylinders (4);
The control switch is connected to the electromagnetic proportional valve (15) through a wire harness, and is configured to control on-off of the electromagnetic proportional valve (15).
3. The control system of claim 2, wherein the control system further comprises:
The oil cylinder quick lowering valve (16), the oil cylinder quick lowering valve (16) is connected between a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder (5), one control oil port of the oil cylinder quick lowering valve (16) is connected with the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder (5), and the other control oil port is connected with an A port of the second oil way control valve (11).
4. A control system according to claim 3, characterized in that a fourth one-way valve (17) is arranged on the line between the quick-lowering valve (16) of the cylinder and the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder (5), the fourth one-way valve (17) being able to prevent hydraulic oil in the rod-like chamber of the lifting cylinder (5) from entering the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder (5).
5. The control system according to claim 4, characterized in that a ball valve (18) is provided on the line between the pilot oil pump (8) and the pilot control valve (6), the ball valve (18) being configured to be able to block the line supplying oil to the pilot control valve (6).
6. Control system according to claim 5, characterized in that an accumulator (19) is also provided on the line between the pilot oil pump (8) and the ball valve (18).
7. A dozer comprising a dozer body (26) and a folding blade, said folding blade comprising:
An arch (1);
the main tool bit (2) is connected to the arch frame (1);
The two auxiliary cutter heads (3) are respectively positioned at two ends of the main cutter head (2), and are hinged with the main cutter head (2);
the folding oil cylinder (4) is arranged on the arch frame (1), the output end of the folding oil cylinder (4) is connected with the auxiliary cutter head (3), and the folding oil cylinder (4) is configured to adjust the included angle between the auxiliary cutter head (3) and the main cutter head (2);
a lifting oil cylinder (5), wherein the output end of the lifting oil cylinder (5) is connected to the arch frame (1), and the lifting oil cylinder (5) is configured to drive the main cutter head (2) and the auxiliary cutter head (3) to lift and descend;
The bulldozer further comprising a control system according to any one of claims 1-6, said folding blade being attached to the front end of said bulldozer body (26), said control system controlling folding of said folding blade to vary the width of the blade while enabling control of the overall elevation of said folding blade to effect the bulldozer action.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010047692.0A CN111155579B (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Folding bulldozer blade, control system and bulldozer |
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| CN202010047692.0A CN111155579B (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Folding bulldozer blade, control system and bulldozer |
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| CN111155579B true CN111155579B (en) | 2024-10-01 |
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| CN115748857B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-08-15 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 | Bulldozing device and engineering truck |
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