CN111130967A

CN111130967A - Automobile diagnosis network topological structure

Info

Publication number: CN111130967A
Application number: CN201911356480.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨帆; 王聪; 刘天铭
Original assignee: Yibin Cowin Auto Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yibin Cowin Auto Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-25
Filing date: 2019-12-25
Publication date: 2020-05-08

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile diagnosis network topological structure, which comprises an OBD diagnosis interface connected with a gateway through a diagnosis bus, wherein the gateway is connected with a whole automobile network bus and used for acquiring data on the whole automobile network bus and sending the data to the whole automobile network bus; the gateway checks the diagnosis command transmitted by the OBD diagnosis interface, and only after the check is passed, the data on the whole vehicle network bus is forwarded to the diagnosis bus. The invention has the advantages that: the confidentiality and the safety of the network signals of the whole vehicle can be effectively improved, the possibility of vehicle information safety leakage is reduced, and only special diagnostic equipment is allowed to read and identify corresponding vehicle diagnostic data.

Description

Automobile diagnosis network topological structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of automobile OBD diagnosis, in particular to an automobile diagnosis network topological structure.

Background

In the past, automobiles usually adopt a point-to-point communication mode to connect an electronic control unit and an electronic device, and with the increasing number of the electronic control units and the electronic devices of the automobiles, the automobiles adopt a serial bus to form an automobile electronic network; meanwhile, the existing automobile considers that an electric control system replaces the original mechanical and hydraulic system more and more based on the requirements of safety and reliability. With the development of automobiles, the automobiles tend to be electronic and intelligent, and the electronic control units of the whole automobile are more and more; the control of each function of the vehicle is also mostly controlled by one control unit, and the control units and the electronic devices are assisted to complete, so that the vehicle communication is also increasingly complicated. The demand for functional safety and information safety of vehicles is also increasing. Most automobile information on the market can read the communication data of the whole automobile through the OBD diagnosis port at present, and most automobiles can directly connect the whole automobile multipath communication bus to the OBD interface when diagnosing topological design by considering that the emission data and the whole automobile basic information are universal and readable, and can read the communication signals on the current whole automobile network by utilizing universal data acquisition equipment, wherein some of the communication signals are as follows: the key information of the vehicle VI N number, the starting rotating speed, the vehicle control request signal and the like can be acquired, and meanwhile, a next control instruction can be injected into a vehicle communication bus by utilizing the communication simulation equipment, so that the risk of vehicle information safety accidents is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an automobile diagnosis network topological structure for improving the information security of a whole automobile network.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a vehicle diagnosis network topology structure comprises an OBD diagnosis interface connected with a gateway through a diagnosis bus, wherein the gateway is connected with a vehicle network bus and used for acquiring data on the vehicle network bus and sending the data to the vehicle network bus; the gateway checks the diagnosis command transmitted by the OBD diagnosis interface, and only after the check is passed, the data on the whole vehicle network bus is forwarded to the diagnosis bus.

The whole vehicle network bus comprises a plurality of buses which are respectively used for connecting different functional components.

The whole vehicle network bus comprises a power domain bus, a security domain bus and a vehicle body domain bus.

The gateway verifies the instruction transmitted by the OBD diagnosis interface to determine whether the instruction is a mapping function instruction transmitted by the professional diagnosis equipment, and if the instruction is the mapping function instruction, the gateway acquires bus signal data corresponding to the instruction from the whole vehicle network bus and forwards the bus signal data to the diagnosis bus.

And when the gateway verifies the instruction transmitted by the OBD diagnosis interface and determines the instruction transmitted by the non-professional diagnosis equipment, the gateway prohibits responding to the diagnosis instruction.

The gateway is matched with the mapping function instruction of the vehicle type in advance and used for determining whether the received instruction is legal or not according to the mapping function instruction matched in advance during verification.

The invention has the advantages that: the confidentiality and the safety of the network signals of the whole vehicle can be effectively improved, the possibility of vehicle information safety leakage is reduced, and only special diagnostic equipment is allowed to read and identify corresponding vehicle diagnostic data; by adopting the functional domain design, the vehicle control unit ECU corresponding to each function is connected to the gateway through a bus instead of being connected with all vehicle-mounted ECUs through a bus, so that the load of a data bus can be reduced, the data loss is prevented, the data transmission is safe and reliable, the diagnosis efficiency can be improved through the setting mode, and the data corresponding to a certain bus can be acquired according to the diagnosis instruction.

Drawings

The contents of the expressions in the various figures of the present specification and the labels in the figures are briefly described as follows:

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a prior art network topology;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the network topology of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of network topology data transmission according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention will be made in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, which is a network topology structure in the prior art, an on-board controller ECU is directly connected to an OBD interface through a multi-channel communication bus, network data on a vehicle and data in each ECU can be read through a general data acquisition device, a control instruction can be injected into a vehicle bus through a communication simulation device and directly transmitted to the bus through the OBD, and when the instruction is input to a corresponding ECU, the risk of a vehicle safety accident can be increased.

In order to overcome the defects, the application provides a novel vehicle diagnosis network topology structure which can effectively ensure the information safety and reliability. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an automobile diagnosis network topology structure includes an OBD diagnosis interface connected to a gateway through a diagnosis bus, where the gateway is connected to a vehicle network bus and is used to acquire data on the vehicle network bus and send the data to the vehicle network bus; the gateway checks the diagnosis command transmitted by the OBD diagnosis interface, and only after the check is passed, the data on the whole vehicle network bus is forwarded to the diagnosis bus.

The method comprises the steps that after an external device is connected with an OBD interface, some instructions are sent to a network through a diagnosis bus, a gateway verifies the instructions sent by the OBD interface to determine whether the instructions are mapping function instructions sent by professional diagnosis equipment, if yes, the gateway obtains bus signal data corresponding to the instructions from a whole vehicle network bus and forwards the bus signal data to the diagnosis bus, and then a special diagnosis device reads corresponding diagnosis information through the OBD interface to complete diagnosis operation; if the gateway verifies the instruction transmitted by the OBD interface and determines that the instruction is transmitted by the non-professional diagnosis equipment, the gateway prohibits responding the diagnosis instruction, and is in a silent state at the moment, and the network bus data of the whole vehicle is not responded and transmitted, so that the universal data acquisition equipment cannot acquire any vehicle diagnosis data through the OBD interface.

The gateway is used for analyzing and judging the control instruction transmitted by the OBD diagnosis interface to confirm whether to forward data to the diagnosis bus or not. The gateway software is preset, mapping function data of the gateway, which is consistent with the vehicle type of the corresponding vehicle, is stored in the memory, the function mapping instruction can be different for different host plants and different vehicle types, and the gateway only needs to verify whether the preset mapping function instruction is met or not after receiving the instruction. In fact, during verification, since different mapping function instructions are different in the preset software definition, general-purpose equipment cannot diagnose and acquire the data of the whole vehicle except for a special diagnostic instrument. Certainly, the most basic check bit of the mapping instruction can be set during verification, the check of the mapping instruction is realized through the check bit, the check bit meeting the requirement is the instruction signal of the special diagnostic equipment, otherwise, the check bit is not the instruction signal of the special diagnostic equipment, and the check bit is not executed and does not respond to the signal, so that the diagnostic data of the general equipment is prevented from being acquired or the instruction is input into the network bus of the whole vehicle, and the safety, the reliability and the information confidentiality of the whole vehicle are improved.

The whole vehicle network bus adopts a functional domain design, a plurality of network buses respectively connect the ECUs corresponding to different functional components to the gateway, for example, the network buses can comprise a power domain bus, a safety domain bus and a vehicle body domain bus, the power domain bus can be correspondingly connected with an engine ECU, a battery management system ECU and the like, the safety domain bus can comprise an active braking system ECU, an airbag ECU and the like, and the vehicle body domain bus can be connected with a whole vehicle controller or a BCM and the like. Different ECUs are connected to the gateway through the buses, so that the data load on each bus can be reduced, and data loss is prevented.

The traditional automobile diagnosis topological design is abandoned on the overall automobile topological design: each communication bus of the whole vehicle is connected to the OBD diagnosis port through a hard wire, and the data of the whole vehicle can be directly read from the OBD diagnosis port by using data acquisition equipment; the design adopts an independent diagnosis communication bus, and all network signals are forwarded to the diagnosis bus through a gateway. This design requires that the gateway has a network signal mapping function: when the gateway does not receive a diagnosis command related to the mapping of the special diagnostic instrument from the OBD port network, the diagnosis bus is in a silent state (see fig. 3 in particular), the gateway prohibits the data acquisition from the whole vehicle network bus and does not forward the data to the diagnosis bus, and the bus does not send out a signal; when the gateway receives a mapping function instruction sent by professional diagnosis equipment matched with the vehicle type, the gateway transmits a bus signal to the diagnosis bus, and a signal reading function is realized to help an engineer to debug the whole vehicle and perform after-sale service.

The diagnosis topological structure can effectively prevent the whole vehicle network signals from being read by the general network signal acquisition equipment through the OBD data acquisition interface, thereby increasing the confidentiality of the whole vehicle network signals and reducing the possibility of vehicle information safety events. The whole vehicle network adopts a functional domain design and is divided into a power domain bus, a safety domain bus, a vehicle body domain bus and a diagnosis bus; the whole vehicle signal adopts a diagnosis function instruction to control the forwarding of a diagnosis bus signal, and the isolation of the whole vehicle signal and a diagnosis port is realized.

It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and various insubstantial modifications made by the method and technical scheme of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automotive diagnostic network topology, characterized by: the OBD diagnosis interface is connected with a gateway through a diagnosis bus, and the gateway is connected with a whole vehicle network bus and used for acquiring data on the whole vehicle network bus and sending the data to the whole vehicle network bus; the gateway checks the diagnosis command transmitted by the OBD diagnosis interface, and only after the check is passed, the data on the whole vehicle network bus is forwarded to the diagnosis bus.

2. The automotive diagnostic network topology of claim 1, wherein: the whole vehicle network bus comprises a plurality of buses which are respectively used for connecting different functional components.

3. The automotive diagnostic network topology of claim 2, wherein: the whole vehicle network bus comprises a power domain bus, a security domain bus and a vehicle body domain bus.

4. An automotive diagnostic network topology as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the gateway verifies the instruction transmitted by the OBD diagnosis interface to determine whether the instruction is a mapping function instruction transmitted by the professional diagnosis equipment, and if so, the gateway acquires bus signal data corresponding to the instruction from the whole vehicle network bus and forwards the bus signal data to the diagnosis bus.

5. An automotive diagnostic network topology as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and when the gateway verifies the instruction transmitted by the OBD diagnosis interface and determines the instruction transmitted by the non-professional diagnosis equipment, the gateway prohibits responding to the diagnosis instruction.

6. An automotive diagnostic network topology as set forth in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the gateway is matched with the mapping function instruction of the vehicle type in advance and used for determining whether the received instruction is legal or not according to the mapping function instruction matched in advance during verification.