CN111125953A - Method for optimizing morphology of spare tire pit - Google Patents
Method for optimizing morphology of spare tire pit Download PDFInfo
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- CN111125953A CN111125953A CN201911310915.1A CN201911310915A CN111125953A CN 111125953 A CN111125953 A CN 111125953A CN 201911310915 A CN201911310915 A CN 201911310915A CN 111125953 A CN111125953 A CN 111125953A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimizing the morphology of a spare tire pit, which comprises the following steps: s1, building a finite element model; s2, intercepting a simulation analysis model; s3, performing free mode calculation; s4, defining a target value; s5, model building is carried out; s6, carrying out morphology optimization analysis; s7, processing the result; s8, performing modal analysis on the optimized model again; and S9, optimizing result performance evaluation. The invention solves the problems of long calculation period, interference design and mutual restriction among different performances under a single working condition, shortens the design period, improves the design efficiency, comprehensively considers various working conditions, sets the modal maximization as the target value, sets the impact jolt working condition in the driving process as the constraint condition, and improves the rigidity, the strength and the modal performance of the rear floor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a method for optimizing the appearance of a spare tire pit.
Background
The shape optimization is a shape optimization method, namely a conceptual method for finding the optimal distribution of reinforcing ribs in a plate type structure, so that the structural strength is improved while the structural weight is reduced, and the requirements of frequency and the like are met.
The rear floor of the car body is an important component of the car body below the car body, mainly bears vibration and impact generated in movement, is easy to generate phenomena of vibration noise, plate tearing and the like, and has important influence on driving safety and passenger comfort. Therefore, the floor panel is required to have good structural rigidity and modal performance. The modal performance of the floor is ensured by pressing reinforcing ribs and other methods, and the modal performance of the vehicle body is improved by optimally designing the reinforcing ribs of the rear floor.
At present, the method for optimizing the appearance of the rear floor in the engineering community is mainly used for optimizing on the basis of the original structure, only aiming at a certain weak performance, and easily generating the problems of repeated design or excessive performance design and the like. And one performance can only obtain an optimal optimization result. Generally, different load conditions will obtain different optimization results, and in the optimization of multiple performances, because it is difficult to simultaneously obtain optimization among the performances, and the solution of each target often presents an opposite situation, it is difficult to obtain a global optimal solution.
In practical engineering application, an automobile can meet various working conditions in the driving process. When the static rigidity of the automobile is met, a series of intensity working conditions such as jolt and impact on the automobile in a moving state are considered. Therefore, in the practical engineering operation process, the situations of multiple objective functions and multiple constraints must be considered at the same time, and the coupling among multiple performances, the constraints and the synergistic effect of the multiple performances are considered fully.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provide an optimization method of the spare tire pit morphology in order to solve the problems of long calculation period, interference design and mutual restriction among different performances under a single working condition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for optimizing the morphology of a spare tire pit comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a finite element model:
dividing finite element grids by adopting preprocessing software, defining model materials, thicknesses and connections after the finite element grids are divided, and establishing a finite element model of the vehicle body structure;
s2, intercepting a simulation analysis model:
intercepting the scale of the model, and intercepting a local structure finite element model of the spare tire pit and peripheral parts of the spare tire pit;
s3, performing free mode calculation:
constructing free mode working conditions of the intercepted model, calculating the mode of the previous N orders, and checking the mode size and the mode shape by using post-processing software to obtain the initial frequency before optimization;
s4, defining a target value:
enabling the modal frequency of the vehicle body or the component to avoid the excitation frequency to prevent resonance, and setting a reasonable target value by combining NVH performance;
s5, model building is carried out:
building on the basis of a free modal model:
and (3) weighting the model: uniformly distributing the weight of the spare tire and the weight of a driving tool in a mass point manner in a spare tire pit, and uniformly distributing the weight of trunk luggage in a mass point manner in a plane position of the spare tire pit;
defining constraints: all degrees of freedom of the cut section of the vehicle body are restrained;
defining a stiffness condition: applying a Z-direction load at the central point of the spare tire mounting bracket;
defining a strength working condition, namely loading the load decomposed from the adams at the connecting point of the chassis and the rear vehicle body under the strength working condition;
s6, carrying out morphology optimization analysis:
defining an optimization area: selecting a spare tire pit area needing to be optimized;
defining a reinforcement parameter: setting parameters of the reinforcing ribs, wherein the minimum width of the reinforcing ribs is set to be about three grid widths of 30mm, the reinforcing rib angle is set to be 60 degrees, and the height of the reinforcing ribs is set to be 10mm and the height of one grid size;
setting symmetry: setting the mode of the ribbing into a symmetrical mode by combining a stamping process so as to obtain a symmetrical appearance cloud picture;
setting response: setting corresponding response to the working conditions of the mode, the rigidity and the strength;
defining a constraint condition: taking the analysis of the spare tire pit under the working conditions of rigidity and strength as constraint conditions, and setting the upper limit value of the constraint;
model submission calculation: submitting the model for optimization after all the parameters are set;
s7, processing the result:
processing the reinforcing rib after the appearance optimization by combining the feasibility and experience of the production process, and converting the optimized cloud picture into a curved surface by using a tool for the optimized reinforcing rib;
s8, performing modal analysis on the optimized model again:
performing free mode analysis on the optimized model again to obtain the frequency and the vibration mode of the optimized structural mode;
s9, optimizing result performance evaluation:
comparing the mode shape and the frequency of the mode before and after optimization, finishing analysis if the mode after optimization reaches a defined target value, and returning to the step S6 to continue the morphology optimization analysis if the mode after optimization does not reach the defined target value.
Preferably, the cut model in step S2 includes a rear floor, a rear floor cross member, a rear longitudinal beam, and a rear floor-chassis connection point.
Preferably, the first N-order mode in step S3 is the first 20-order mode.
Preferably, the first-order modal maximization in step S4 is set as a target value.
Preferably, in the step S5, the weight of the baggage is set to 40 to 60KG, and the Z-direction load is 200 to 400N.
Preferably, the loading manner adopted in step S5 is loading in a form of three-way resultant force, Fx, Fy, and Fz are loading in resultant force F, Tx, Ty, and Tz are loading in resultant torque M, and the resultant force F and the resultant torque M are loaded in a load set, and an independent load set is established for each operating condition.
Preferably, the symmetrical point in the step S6 is a central point of a lap joint of the rear floor panel and the back panel.
Preferably, in step S6, a first-order modal response is set, the type of the response is frequency, the response under the stiffness condition is set, the type of the response is displacement, the response under the strength condition is set, and the type of the response is stress.
Preferably, the upper limit value of the constraint set in step S6 is that the displacement of the stiffness condition is less than 0.2, and the stress value under the strength condition is not more than 100.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
according to the method for optimizing the appearance of the spare tire pit, the positions of the rear longitudinal beam and the connection position of the rear floor and the chassis are reserved during model interception, and the method is closer to the actual condition of an automobile; when the model is built, the weight of the spare tire and the vehicle and the weight of the luggage are taken into consideration and are uniformly distributed at corresponding positions in a mass point mode; taking the intensity working conditions of jolting, impact and the like into consideration, and loading six component forces obtained by decomposing Adams load under the corresponding working conditions at the connecting position of the chassis and the rear floor; the working conditions of intensity such as bumping, impact and the like are loaded in a load set in a resultant force mode; the maximum first-order mode is set as a target value, and the stress response of the bumping impact is set as a constraint condition. The problem of long calculation period, interference design and mutual restriction among different performances under a single working condition is solved, the design period is shortened, the design efficiency is improved, multiple working conditions are comprehensively considered, the modal maximization is set to be a target value, the impact jolt working condition in the driving process is set to be a constraint condition, and the rigidity, the strength and the modal performance of the rear floor are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for optimizing the morphology of a spare tire pit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the spare tire pit morphology, including the following steps:
s1, constructing a finite element model:
dividing finite element grids by adopting preprocessing software, defining model materials, thicknesses and connections after the finite element grids are divided, and establishing a finite element model of the vehicle body structure;
s2, intercepting a simulation analysis model:
intercepting the scale of the model, intercepting a local structure finite element model of the spare tire pit and peripheral parts of the spare tire pit, wherein the intercepted model comprises a rear floor, a rear floor beam, a rear longitudinal beam, a rear floor and a chassis connecting point, and a part which influences optimization of the spare tire pit is reserved on the basis of intercepting the model, so that the model is closer to reality while the scale of the model is reduced and the calculation time is shortened;
s3, performing free mode calculation:
constructing free mode working conditions for the intercepted model, wherein all vibration modes can be obtained by the free mode, calculating the mode of the first 20 orders, and checking the mode size and the vibration mode by using post-processing software to obtain the initial frequency before optimization;
s4, defining a target value:
the low-order modal frequency of the automobile body is approximately 20-50 HZ, the vibration frequency of an automobile on wheels, the vibration frequency of an engine on a suspension and the like are very close to the low-order modal frequency of the automobile body, so that modal decoupling of an automobile body system and other systems is greatly emphasized in the design of the automobile body, the overall rigidity and the rigidity of parts of the automobile body are improved, the modal frequency of the automobile body or the parts is enabled to avoid excitation frequency to prevent resonance by modifying the structure, a reasonable target value is set by combining NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) performance, and the first-order modal is maximized;
s5, model building is carried out:
building on the basis of a free modal model:
and (3) weighting the model: uniformly distributing the weight of a spare tire and the weight of a driving tool in a mass point manner in a spare tire pit, uniformly distributing the weight of trunk luggage in a mass point manner in a plane position of the spare tire pit, and setting the weight of the luggage to be 50 KG;
defining constraints: all degrees of freedom of the cut section of the vehicle body are restrained;
defining a stiffness condition: applying a Z-direction load of 300N at the central point of the spare tire mounting bracket;
defining a strength working condition, namely loading a load under the strength working condition decomposed by adams at a connecting point of a chassis and a rear vehicle body, loading in a three-way resultant force mode in a loading mode, loading Fx, Fy and Fz in resultant force F, loading Tx, Ty and Tz in resultant torque M, loading the resultant force F and the resultant torque M in a load set, and establishing an independent load set for each working condition to facilitate the definition of a subsequent target;
s6, carrying out morphology optimization analysis:
defining an optimization area: selecting a spare tire pit area needing to be optimized;
defining a reinforcement parameter: setting parameters of the reinforcing ribs, wherein the minimum width of the reinforcing ribs is set to be about three grid widths of 30mm, the reinforcing rib angle is set to be 60 degrees, and the height of the reinforcing ribs is set to be 10mm and the height of one grid size;
setting symmetry: the rear floor system of the vehicle body is basically a thin-wall structure formed by punching and welding steel plates together, and a rib raising mode is set to be a symmetrical mode by combining a punching process so as to obtain a symmetrical cloud picture, wherein a symmetrical point is a central point of a lap joint of a rear floor and a rear enclosing plate;
setting response: setting corresponding responses to the modal, stiffness and strength working conditions, setting a first-order modal response, setting the response type as frequency, setting the response under the stiffness working condition, setting the response type as displacement, setting the response under the strength working condition, and setting the response type as stress;
defining a constraint condition: taking the analysis of the spare tire pit under the working conditions of rigidity and strength as constraint conditions, and setting an upper limit value of constraint, wherein the upper limit value of constraint is set to be that the displacement under the working condition of rigidity is less than 0.2, and the stress value under the working condition of strength is not more than 100;
model submission calculation: submitting the model for optimization after all the parameters are set;
s7, processing the result:
the reinforcing rib with the optimized appearance cannot be directly used for production, the reinforcing rib needs to be optimized to obtain a structure which meets the requirements of production and cost, the reinforcing rib with the optimized appearance is processed by combining the feasibility and experience of a production process, and the optimized reinforcing rib utilizes a tool to convert an optimized cloud picture into a curved surface;
s8, performing modal analysis on the optimized model again:
performing free mode analysis on the optimized model again to obtain the frequency and the vibration mode of the optimized structural mode;
s9, optimizing result performance evaluation:
comparing the modal shape and frequency before and after optimization, completing analysis if the optimized mode reaches a defined target value, returning to the step S6 to continue morphology optimization analysis if the optimized mode does not reach the defined target value, and reinforcing the structure of the rear floor by adjusting the maximum stress value under the conditions of bumping and impacting.
In summary, the following steps: according to the method for optimizing the appearance of the spare tire pit, the positions of the rear longitudinal beam and the connection position of the rear floor and the chassis are reserved during model interception, and the method is closer to the actual condition of an automobile; when the model is built, the weight of the spare tire and the vehicle and the weight of the luggage are taken into consideration and are uniformly distributed at corresponding positions in a mass point mode; taking the intensity working conditions of jolting, impact and the like into consideration, and loading six component forces obtained by decomposing Adams load under the corresponding working conditions at the connecting position of the chassis and the rear floor; the working conditions of intensity such as bumping, impact and the like are loaded in a load set in a resultant force mode; the maximum first-order mode is set as a target value, and the stress response of the bumping impact is set as a constraint condition. The problem of long calculation period, interference design and mutual restriction among different performances under a single working condition is solved, the design period is shortened, the design efficiency is improved, multiple working conditions are comprehensively considered, the modal maximization is set to be a target value, the impact jolt working condition in the driving process is set to be a constraint condition, and the rigidity, the strength and the modal performance of the rear floor are improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for optimizing the morphology of the spare tire pit is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, constructing a finite element model:
dividing finite element grids by adopting preprocessing software, defining model materials, thicknesses and connections after the finite element grids are divided, and establishing a finite element model of the vehicle body structure;
s2, intercepting a simulation analysis model:
intercepting the scale of the model, and intercepting a local structure finite element model of the spare tire pit and peripheral parts of the spare tire pit;
s3, performing free mode calculation:
constructing free mode working conditions of the intercepted model, calculating the mode of the previous N orders, and checking the mode size and the mode shape by using post-processing software to obtain the initial frequency before optimization;
s4, defining a target value:
enabling the modal frequency of the vehicle body or the component to avoid the excitation frequency to prevent resonance, and setting a reasonable target value by combining NVH performance;
s5, model building is carried out:
building on the basis of a free modal model:
and (3) weighting the model: uniformly distributing the weight of the spare tire and the weight of a driving tool in a mass point manner in a spare tire pit, and uniformly distributing the weight of trunk luggage in a mass point manner in a plane position of the spare tire pit;
defining constraints: all degrees of freedom of the cut section of the vehicle body are restrained;
defining a stiffness condition: applying a Z-direction load at the central point of the spare tire mounting bracket;
defining the strength working condition: loading the load decomposed from the adams under the strength working condition at the connecting point of the chassis and the rear vehicle body;
s6, carrying out morphology optimization analysis:
defining an optimization area: selecting a spare tire pit area needing to be optimized;
defining a reinforcement parameter: setting parameters of the reinforcing ribs, wherein the minimum width of the reinforcing ribs is set to be about three grid widths of 30mm, the reinforcing rib angle is set to be 60 degrees, and the height of the reinforcing ribs is set to be 10mm and the height of one grid size;
setting symmetry: setting the mode of the ribbing into a symmetrical mode by combining a stamping process so as to obtain a symmetrical appearance cloud picture;
setting response: setting corresponding response to the working conditions of the mode, the rigidity and the strength;
defining a constraint condition: taking the analysis of the spare tire pit under the working conditions of rigidity and strength as constraint conditions, and setting the upper limit value of the constraint;
model submission calculation: submitting the model for optimization after all the parameters are set;
s7, processing the result:
processing the reinforcing rib after the appearance optimization by combining the feasibility and experience of the production process, and converting the optimized cloud picture into a curved surface by using a tool for the optimized reinforcing rib;
s8, performing modal analysis on the optimized model again:
performing free mode analysis on the optimized model again to obtain the frequency and the vibration mode of the optimized structural mode;
s9, optimizing result performance evaluation:
comparing the mode shape and the frequency of the mode before and after optimization, finishing analysis if the mode after optimization reaches a defined target value, and returning to the step S6 to continue the morphology optimization analysis if the mode after optimization does not reach the defined target value.
2. The method for optimizing the morphology of the spare tire pit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the intercepted model in the step S2 includes a rear floor, a rear floor cross member, a rear longitudinal beam, and a rear floor-chassis connection point.
3. The method for optimizing the morphology of the spare tire pit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first N-order mode in step S3 is the first 20-order mode.
4. The method for optimizing the morphology of the spare tire pit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first-order modal maximization is set to a target value in the step S4.
5. The method for optimizing the morphology of the spare tire pit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, the weight of the luggage is set to be 40-60 KG, and the Z-direction load is 200-400N.
6. The method for optimizing the morphology of the spare tire pit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the loading method adopted in the step S5 is loading in a form of three-way resultant force, Fx, Fy, and Fz are loading in resultant force F, Tx, Ty, and Tz are loading in resultant torque M, and the resultant force F and the resultant torque M are loaded in a load set, and an independent load set is established for each working condition.
7. The method for optimizing the morphology of the spare tire pit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the symmetrical point in the step S6 is a central point of a lap joint of the rear floor and the back panel.
8. The method for optimizing the morphology of the spare tire pit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S6, a first-order modal response is set, the type of the response is frequency, the response under the stiffness condition is set, the type of the response is displacement, the response under the strength condition is set, and the type of the response is stress.
9. The method for optimizing the morphology of the spare tire pit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and setting the upper limit value of the constraint in the step S6 to be that the rigidity working condition displacement is less than 0.2, and the stress value under the strength working condition is not more than 100.
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