CN111092286B - Antenna for portable RFID reader/writer and method for using and combining the same - Google Patents
Antenna for portable RFID reader/writer and method for using and combining the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111092286B CN111092286B CN201911233718.4A CN201911233718A CN111092286B CN 111092286 B CN111092286 B CN 111092286B CN 201911233718 A CN201911233718 A CN 201911233718A CN 111092286 B CN111092286 B CN 111092286B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
- H01Q1/2225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in active tags, i.e. provided with its own power source or in passive tags, i.e. deriving power from RF signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna for a portable RFID reader, which comprises: the reflector and the dielectric substrate are positioned on a first surface of the curved surface of the dielectric substrate; the distance between the emitter and the reflector along their respective edges is d R D is said R Is a non-fixed value. The radiation gain of the antenna is improved, the antenna has higher directivity in a specific single direction, and the problems of electric coupling and interference of a main power grid and a substrate of the portable card reader are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microstrip antennas, and particularly relates to an antenna for a portable RFID reader-writer and a use and combination method thereof.
Background
The mobile RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system is an advanced intelligent service that is installed in a 900MHz RFID card reader module of a portable terminal and is linked with the mobile internet to read information of articles with labels for Identification, storage, processing and integration into new information to provide proper knowledge. Such mobile RFID systems are more popular recently, and among them, NFC (near field Communication) and smart phone UHF frequency domain RFID systems are also attracting attention.
Particularly, the UHF frequency domain is the best in the passive tag identification rate and identification distance, and the electromagnetic wave emission mode is used for realizing the characteristic of simultaneously identifying a plurality of tags. In addition, the method can maintain a stable state relative to other frequency domains in the surrounding environment and can realize the mass production of low-cost tags and corresponding chips.
The major development so far has been in the 900MHz frequency domain RFID antenna long distance domain, while the development in the mobile RFID reader domain operating at close range has been relatively late.
In order to efficiently use the mobile RFID reader antenna, firstly, it has a minimized reflection loss at its operating frequency, and in order to be portable, it needs to have a miniaturized radiation pattern with a high radiation gain and a wide radiation gain so that it can simultaneously recognize many antennas, and the mobile RFID antenna is developed to minimize the influence of Hand (Hand-effect) at a resonance frequency, and to have a capability of simultaneously recognizing a short distance and a long distance, and to minimize interference caused by other communication circuits. The fixed antenna is generally not limited by the space quotient, and therefore, a relatively large antenna size can be used to realize a high gain and a wide frequency domain characteristic, but the antenna for the portable RFID card reader requires not only performance such as polarization, but also miniaturization and a portable characteristic. That is, the key to the development of an antenna for a portable RFID card reader is to achieve a smaller antenna size with portability while minimizing various performance degradation.
In order to improve the miniaturization characteristics, although the antenna of the ceramic portable RFID reader has a great advantage in terms of miniaturization, it has a great disadvantage in terms of radiation efficiency and weight of the antenna.
An antenna in which dipole antennas having a phase difference of 90 degrees are arranged in an orthogonal form in order to generate circularly polarized waves has a wide frequency domain and axial ratio characteristics. However, the half-wavelength dipole antenna has the disadvantages that miniaturization of the antenna and smaller radiation gain are difficult to achieve, and a radiation mode is difficult to achieve in a single direction.
The mobile RFID reader Antenna generally uses a PIFA (Planar Inverted-F Antenna) built-in type Antenna and a module type Antenna in which an axial ratio is improved by inducing a phase difference of power supply using a power divider and a coupler in order to improve a circularly polarized wave. Such modular antennas have been developed in the form of a single power loop combined with a plurality of PIFA antennas in order to minimize losses from the power divider and coupler. However, such a module-type polarized antenna has some disadvantages that a feeding circuit is provided separately, and that a plurality of antennas are mounted on a circuit having a phase difference, which causes a sharp rise in production cost and makes it difficult to expand.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an antenna for a portable RFID reader, which improves the radiation gain of the antenna, enables the antenna to have higher directivity in a specific single direction, and eliminates the problems of electrical coupling and interference of a main power grid and a substrate of the portable RFID reader.
In view of the above technical problems, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides an antenna for a portable RFID reader, including: the reflector and the dielectric substrate are positioned on a first surface of the curved surface of the dielectric substrate; the distance between the emitter and the reflector is d R D is said R Is a non-fixed value.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the emitter is a ladder-shaped strip-shaped conductive patch, the central symmetrical position of the emitter is provided with a wiring port, and the wiring port is taken as a starting point to form a slot along the emitter body.
The length of the slot penetrating through the first section of the emitter is S L 。
According to one embodiment of the invention, the reflector is a rectangular strip-shaped conductive patch and the rectangular conductive patch is open.
The second aspect of the present invention discloses a use and combination method of an antenna for a portable RFID reader, including use and combination of the antenna for the portable RFID reader and an adhesive layer, including: the first surface of the dielectric substrate and the first surfaces of the emitter and the reflector are adhered to the first surface of the adhesive layer.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the second surface of the adhesive layer is attached to the housing for the portable RFID reader.
The embodiment of the third aspect of the invention provides a shell for a portable RFID reader, where the shell includes a shell body and a connecting buckle for installing the shell body, and the connecting buckle is a hollow cylindrical structure and is fixed on one side of the shell body.
The invention achieves the technical effects that: the antenna for the portable RFID reader-writer, provided by the invention, has higher radiation gain, higher directivity in a specific direction, and concentrated radiation power in the front direction of the portable RFID reader-writer, so that the electrical coupling of a main power grid of the reader-writer and the substrate is more stable, and the interference resistance of the antenna is stronger.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of the antenna and other components of the portable RFID reader according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 (a) is a front plan view of a case for a portable RFID reader disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 (b) is a rear perspective view of a housing for a portable RFID reader disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan elevation view of an antenna for a portable RFID reader disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of resonance frequency and reflection loss as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating reflection loss values as a function of antenna length along a first segment slot for a portable RFID reader according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of reflection loss due to the curved surface shape of the dielectric substrate and the planar dielectric substrate of the antenna for a portable RFID card reader according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a radiation diagram of the maximum radiation gain of the antenna for the portable RFID card reader according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the figures: 410-a transmitter; 420-slot; 430-patch port; 421-an emitter first section; 400-a reflector; 300-a dielectric substrate; 100-antenna housing for portable RFID reader; 120-connecting buckle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
The antenna for the portable RFID reader-writer provides higher radiation gain, has higher directivity in a specific direction, and simultaneously has concentrated radiation power in the front direction of the portable RFID reader-writer, so that the electric coupling of a main power grid and a substrate of the reader-writer is more stable, and the interference resistance of the antenna is stronger.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides an antenna for a portable RFID reader, where the antenna for a portable RFID reader includes: the reflector and the dielectric substrate are positioned on a first surface of the curved surface of the dielectric substrate; the distance between the emitter and the reflector along their respective edges is d R D is said R Is a non-fixed value.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the emitter is a ladder-shaped strip-shaped conductive patch, the central symmetrical position of the emitter is provided with a wiring port, and the wiring port is taken as a starting point to form a slot along the emitter body.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the length of the slot penetrating the first section of the emitter is S L 。
According to one embodiment of the invention, the reflector is a rectangular strip-shaped conductive patch and the rectangular conductive patch is open.
The second aspect of the present invention discloses a use and combination method of an antenna for a portable RFID reader, including use and combination of the antenna for the portable RFID reader and an adhesive layer, including: the first surface of the dielectric substrate, the emitter and the reflector are adhered to the first surface of the adhesive layer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the second surface of the adhesive layer is attached to the housing for the portable RFID reader.
The embodiment of the third aspect of the invention provides a shell for a portable RFID reader, where the shell includes a shell body and a connecting buckle for installing the shell body, and the connecting buckle is a hollow cylindrical structure and is fixed on one side of the shell body.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention forms a planar quasi-yagi antenna radiator in a planar folded line form, and the inner side of the radiating element is inserted into a stepped notch-shaped structure to realize an antenna structure easily matching various design variables.
The inner side of the transmitting element is inserted into the notch-shaped structure, so that the antenna is easily matched with various impedances, an expanded impedance frequency domain is ensured to be in the main transmitter, and meanwhile, the reflection loss of the antenna in a central frequency band is accurately controlled by changing the terminal position of the antenna.
The miniaturized antenna is placed in an external structure, and space restriction is eliminated.
The antenna for the portable RFID reader-writer has firm storage space, and meanwhile, a certain distance is reserved between the emitter and the reflector behind, so that the characteristics of concentrated radiation gain and front-to-back ratio of the antenna are realized.
The antenna for the portable RFID reader-writer only has a single transmitter at the back and does not have a plurality of wave guides, and the technical effect of improving the radiation gain of the antenna by reducing the rear radiation energy loss is realized.
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of the antenna for the portable RFID reader/writer and other components, in which the antenna is printed on a dielectric substrate and fixed to a housing for the portable RFID reader/writer by an adhesive layer.
In order to form the flexibility of the conductive printed antenna dielectric substrate, a common FR4 substrate having a thickness of 0.2mm is used, and the dielectric substrate is not limited to dielectric substrates having other thicknesses and other materials.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes an electrical connection port at one side of the center of the transmitter. A ladder-shaped slot which can be matched with the impedance of the upper antenna more easily is built in the center of the inside of the bent emitter, and different impedances caused by diversified design variables are matched according to different lengths of the terminal of the ladder-shaped slot.
To provide optimum installation space in a curved portable card reader housing and to form a concentrated high gain radiation in front of the portable antenna, a good front-to-back ratio is achieved by providing a reflector behind the transmitter at a distance therefrom. This ensures that the radiation gain is increased by not having a structure with a plurality of wave guides but only one reflector behind to concentrate its radiation power in the radiation gain direction.
The antenna for the portable card reader and the antenna shell for the portable card reader are combined through the variable connecting buckle, and the antenna for the portable card reader has the characteristic of changing the radiation field.
As shown in fig. 2, a detailed front plan view and a detailed rear perspective view of the antenna housing for the portable card reader are shown. The left and right middle parts of the medium substrate are pasted on the inner side of the antenna shell for the portable card reader in a bending mode. In such a way, the weight of the antenna can be supported when the antenna is fixed on the RFID card reader, and the radiation direction of the antenna is controlled by the change of the following 2 connecting buckles.
The portable card reader enabling antenna is connected with a connecting port in the center of the transmitter through a radio frequency line and is connected with the RFID card reader through the reflector behind the portable card reader enabling antenna. The components of the antenna for the portable card reader are accurately arranged inside the shell, so that the adverse external environment can be resisted, and the antenna is protected.
As shown in FIG. 3, a plan elevation view of an antenna for a portable RFID reader is shown, with heavy weightOne of the design variables is the spacing d between the emitter and the reflector R The length (S) of the ladder-shaped slot along the first section of the emitter is set up on the inner side of the emitter L ). The transmitter printed on the thin RF4 substrate adopts a step-bent shape for improving miniaturization characteristics, and the length is optimized to its operating frequency of 920MHz in the form of a half-wavelength (λ/2) dipole. In order to concentrate in the direction in front of the antenna for a portable card reader, a reflector is used which has an inductive reactance component with a length longer than a half wavelength (lambda/2) dipole so that the phase is relatively late by the distance from the transmitter and the reflector.
In the invention, in order to obtain high efficiency, the distance between the emitter and the reflector is 45mm, and the length (S) of the stepped slot along the first section of the emitter L ) The thickness was set to 20mm. The gain of the emission is controlled by the distance (dR) between the emitter and the reflector, and the length (S) of the notch along the first section of the emitter L ) To independently control the bandwidth and matching of the impedance. The antenna is mounted on the casing in a left-right bending mode with an optimized image, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna is lower, and the optimization can be realized through the coordination of the total length of the emitter and the length of the step-shaped slot along the first section of the emitter.
As shown in fig. 4, the resonance frequency and reflection loss of the antenna for the portable RFID reader. The antenna of the present invention optimizes the length of the stepped slot and the overall length of the radiator to obtain the design variables most suitable for the operating frequency. The length of the stepped slot installed at one side of the inside of the radiator is varied by adjusting the distance between the radiator and the reflector so that the resonant frequency is close to the center frequency of the antenna (S) L ) To optimize its impedance matching.
In the invention, a network analyzer test port is connected in an input port of the yagi antenna to test the reflection loss of the yagi antenna, and the reflection loss value in the 920MHz central frequency in the UHF (ultra high frequency) frequency domain (860 MHz-960 MHz) is found to be (-28 dB). The reference impedance bandwidth of the practical test (-10 dB) is 63Mhz in the UHF frequency domain, and the result shows that the antenna has enough impedance bandwidth as a miniaturized portable card reader antenna.
As shown in fig. 5, the value of reflection loss varies along the length of the first segment slot with the antenna for the portable RFID reader. In order to optimize the reflection loss and impedance matching of the antenna, the length of the step-shaped slot is gradually increased from 17mm to 21mm by taking 1mm as a unit, and the reflection loss value is changed along with the change of the length of the step-shaped slot under the premise of fixed resonant frequency. The length of the step-shaped slot is 17mm, the reflection loss value is (-15 dB), and the length of the step-shaped slot is 20mm, the reflection loss value is (-28 dB). The matching state is shown as non-conforming at the center frequency when the length is greater than 20mm.
Therefore, the main design variable of the antenna impedance matching is the length of the step-shaped slot, and the matching performance of the antenna can be easily improved on the premise that the central frequency of the length variable can not be changed.
As shown in fig. 6, the reflection loss of the antenna for the portable RFID card reader varies depending on the curved surface of the dielectric substrate and the planar dielectric substrate. The FR4 substrate of the thin flat antenna is attached to the inside of the housing in a form bent at both sides, and the resonance frequency is biased downward by the coupling effect with the radiating element. The resonant frequency of the antenna was 950Mhz at the same design variables, but when attached to the housing the center frequency shifted down 30Mhz to 920Mhz.
As shown in fig. 7, the radiation pattern of the maximum radiation gain of the antenna for the portable RFID card reader is a radiation pattern in phi =180 ° direction in front of the portable card reader at the UHF center frequency of 920MHz. It can be seen from fig. 7 that the area where the maximum radiation occurs is the direction in front of the antenna phi =180 °. The gain at which maximum radiation occurs with mounting to the housing is 5.0dBi at a center frequency of 0.92 GHz. Also at 0.92GHz, the half power beamwidth is 82 deg., which shows a wider read field in the front direction of the reader.
The invention achieves the technical effects that: the antenna for the portable RFID reader-writer, provided by the invention, has higher radiation gain, higher directivity in a specific direction, and concentrated radiation power in the front direction of the portable RFID reader-writer, so that the electrical coupling of a main power grid of the reader-writer and the substrate is more stable, and the interference resistance of the antenna is stronger.
The evaluation and analysis software related to the present invention is not developed by the inventor, and is a technique familiar to those skilled in the art.
It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely exemplary of the application of the present method and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims and any and all modifications and variations which fall within the true spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for implementing the method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program performs the steps including the method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
The above-described embodiments of the electronic device and the like are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may also be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited thereto; although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An antenna for a portable RFID reader, characterized in that it comprises: the reflector and the dielectric substrate are positioned on a first surface of the curved surface of the dielectric substrate; the distance between the emitter and the reflector is d R D is said R A non-fixed value for controlling the gain of the transmitter;
the emitter is a ladder-shaped strip-shaped conductive patch, wiring ports are formed in the centrosymmetric position of the emitter, and ladder-shaped slots are formed in the emitter body along the wiring ports as starting points;
the ladder belt-shaped conductive patch is an axisymmetric pattern formed by sequentially connecting thirteen sections of branches, the axisymmetric pattern is a bent snake-shaped structure, the connection part of each branch is a right angle, one end of the first branch is suspended, the second, third and fourth branches are sequentially connected into an open rectangle, the fifth, sixth and seventh branches are sequentially connected into a Z shape, and the longitudinal axis of the central point of the seventh branch is the symmetric axis of the axisymmetric pattern;
the stepped slot extends from the central point of the seventh branch to the eighth branch and the ninth branch, and the branch where the ninth branch is located comprises a first section;
the length S of the ladder-shaped slot along the first section of the emitter L Independently controlling impedance matching and bandwidth;
the reflector is a rectangular strip-shaped conductive patch and the rectangular strip-shaped conductive patch is a square ring structure with a notch.
2. A method of using and incorporating an antenna for a portable RFID reader/writer, comprising the antenna for a portable RFID reader/writer according to claim 1, wherein the first surface of the dielectric substrate and the first surface of the adhesive layer are bonded with the radiator and the reflector.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second surface of the adhesive layer is adhered to a housing for the portable RFID reader.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the housing comprises a housing body and a connector link mounted to the housing body, the connector link having a hollow cylindrical structure and being fixed to one side of the housing body.
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| US10256549B2 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2019-04-09 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Compact size, low profile, dual wideband, quasi-yagi, multiple-input multiple-output antenna system |
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