CN111088981A - Deep sea mining equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses deep sea mining equipment, which is characterized in that: the invention comprises a mining collecting vehicle, a crushing head and a pulse wire explosion group, wherein the pulse wire explosion group comprises a plurality of wire explosion units, the pulse wire explosion group is fixed on the crushing head, the wire explosion units comprise a wire discharge cylinder, a wire feeding mechanism, a first electrode, a second electrode, a first clamping mechanism and a second clamping mechanism, wire explosion is wound on the wire discharge cylinder, the wire discharge cylinder is arranged on the crushing head, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to two output interfaces of a strong pulse power supply, the wire feeding mechanism comprises an upper wire feeding sheave, a lower wire feeding sheave and a wire feeding driving unit, the upper wire feeding sheave and the lower wire feeding sheave are rotatably arranged on the crushing head, the invention generates shock wave to crush an ore layer by generating instant high pressure, can control the pressure of the shock wave generated by the explosion of a metal wire by controlling pulse voltage and current, controls the crushing head to crush rocks with different thicknesses, and solves the problem of deep sea complex conditions, and (4) acquiring and developing the ore deposit in the mining environment with uneven ore deposit distribution.

Description

Deep sea mining equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of mining, in particular to deep-sea mining equipment.

Background

The crushing heads of the existing mining vehicles and mineral collecting vehicles mostly adopt mechanical rollers, a plurality of groups of spines are arranged on the mechanical rollers, and the crushing heads crush and strip an ore layer from a rock stratum to realize mining crushing, but the method has some defects that when the thickness of the ore layer is not uniform, the spines crush the ore layer and the rock stratum with fixed thickness according to the length designed by the spines, so that the collected ore raw materials contain more rocks, the effective conveying rate is reduced, and on the other hand, the mechanical crushing heads can be damaged if the rock stratum is too hard; furthermore, the ore collected in this way is generally crushed unevenly and needs to be crushed again in the mine collection car before pipeline transportation can be performed. When the ore collection vehicle needs to collect rocks under the sea condition that an ore bed is distributed unevenly, the collection efficiency is low, the collection effect is not good, and real-time adjustment can not be performed according to geophysical prospecting data collected in an earlier stage. Particularly, the thickness of the deep sea cobalt-rich crust mined is 5-6 cm, the average thickness is about 2 cm, the thickness can reach 10-15 cm, the thickness of the thin ore bed is usually not uniform, the mining effect is poor by adopting the traditional mining method of the mechanical sharp spines, and even the mining method is difficult to develop. The mechanical crushing heads of existing mining trucks are relatively heavy and require additional re-crushing devices and more complex acquisition devices.

The electric water hammer technology is also called as the liquid-electric effect, and in recent years, the electric water hammer technology is gradually and experimentally applied to the field of sea exploration and ore crushing, and the principle is that a pulse generator converts electric energy into stress shock waves which are transmitted to submarine ores through a liquid medium to cause the splitting or crushing of ore deposit rocks. The mining working method and equipment design of the existing equipment for deep sea mining by using an electric water hammer are mostly in a theoretical stage, and a whole set of matched design scheme is not provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide deep-sea mining equipment with reasonable design.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:

a deep sea mining apparatus, characterized in that: the pulse wire explosion group comprises a mine collecting vehicle, a crushing head and a pulse wire explosion group, the pulse wire explosion group comprises a plurality of wire explosion units, the pulse wire explosion group is fixed on the crushing head, each wire explosion unit comprises a wire discharge barrel, a wire feeding mechanism, a first electrode, a second electrode, a first clamping mechanism and a second clamping mechanism, the wire discharge barrel is wound with wire explosion, the wire discharge barrel is installed on the crushing head, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to two output interfaces of a strong pulse power supply, the wire feeding mechanism comprises an upper wire feeding grooved pulley, a lower wire feeding grooved pulley and a wire feeding driving unit, the upper wire feeding grooved pulley and the lower wire feeding grooved pulley are rotatably installed on the crushing head, the wire explosion is clamped between a gear groove of the upper wire feeding grooved pulley and a lower wire feeding grooved pulley, the wire feeding driving unit drives the wire feeding grooved pulleys to rotate so as to drive the wire explosion feeding, the wire comprises a plurality of wire explosion connecting sections, and each wire, The explosion section, the insulating supporting layer, the conductor link, explosion section integral type is connected, the insulating supporting layer cladding is in the explosion section outside, and make the surface of conductor link expose between two adjacent insulating supporting layers, the explosion section of explosion linkage section and the conductor link integral type of adjacent explosion linkage section are connected, adopt this kind of structure to make things convenient for first electrode, the conductor link of explosion linkage section and the conductor link of adjacent explosion linkage section are cliied respectively to the second electrode, make the explosion between two electrodes can be gasified under the effect of strong pulse power supply's electric current in the twinkling of an eye (in 1-10 microseconds).

Preferably, the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism comprise a lower clamping head, an upper clamping head and a clamping hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder bodies of the lower clamping head and the clamping hydraulic cylinder are fixed on the crushing head, a telescopic rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the upper clamping head, a first V-shaped groove and a second V-shaped groove are formed in the lower clamping head and the upper clamping head respectively, the clamping hydraulic cylinder drives the downward movement to clamp the explosive wire, the first electrode and the second electrode are fixedly mounted on the upper clamping head of the first clamping mechanism and the upper clamping head of the second clamping mechanism respectively, an explosion space for gasification and explosion of the explosive wire is arranged between the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism, and a window for shock waves to act on the seabed is arranged outside the explosion space.

Preferably, the wire explosion unit further comprises a linking and cleaning mechanism, the linking and cleaning mechanism comprises a linking pipe, an upper pushing pipe sheave, a lower pushing pipe sheave, a pushing pipe driving unit and a liquid inlet port, the upper pushing pipe sheave and the lower pushing pipe sheave are rotatably mounted on the crushing head, the linking pipe is clamped between a wheel groove of the upper pushing pipe sheave and a wheel groove of the lower pushing pipe sheave, the wire feeding driving unit drives the lower pushing pipe sheave to rotate so as to drive the linking pipe to linearly move, the linking pipe is provided with a jack for penetrating the wire explosion, one end of the jack is outwards opened, the liquid inlet port is fixed on the linking pipe, the liquid inlet port is communicated with the other end of the jack, the liquid inlet port is communicated with the high-pressure flusher, the linking and cleaning mechanism mainly realizes two functions, and the non-gasifiable conductor connecting end (the diameter is larger than that of the wire explosion section is in the first clamping mechanism in the process that the linking pipe moves through the first clamping mechanism and reaches the second clamping mechanism, unable gasification) ejecting to can strike off the residual substance who glues on the wall in first V-arrangement groove, second V-arrangement groove, high-pressure flusher exhaust high-pressure liquid (sea water can), can get into the jack through the inlet port, and jet out at a high speed from the one end of jack, thereby improved and to wash first fixture and second fixture, guaranteed that first electrode, second electrode can realize stably high-efficiently and explode the electric connection of silk. Secondly, after one end of the connecting pipe is propped against the lower clamping head and the upper clamping head of the second clamping mechanism, the explosive wire sent out from the space between the lower clamping head and the upper clamping head of the second clamping mechanism can be always sent to the space between the lower clamping head and the upper clamping head of the first clamping mechanism through the jack of the connecting pipe, then the connecting pipe is made to retreat, the subsequent lower clamping head and the subsequent upper clamping head of the first clamping mechanism are convenient to clamp the explosive wire, the process eliminates the condition that the explosive wire is accidentally bent to cause that the explosive wire cannot be accurately sent into the space between the lower clamping head and the upper clamping head of the first clamping mechanism, and the reliability of realizing the equipment function is ensured.

Further as preferred, the last row of wire feeding mechanism send a sheave to rotate and install on sending a sheave board, send a sheave board to be fixed in on the telescopic link of sending a sheave pneumatic cylinder, send a sheave pneumatic cylinder's cylinder body to be fixed in on the mounting bracket, send a drive unit including sending a hydraulic motor, sending a drive worm wheel, send an output shaft drive of a hydraulic motor to send a drive worm, send a drive worm and send a drive worm wheel to cooperate, send a drive worm to send a drive worm wheel to cooperate to send a sheave to fix to down to send a sheave to rotate through sending a hydraulic motor drive down, and through sending a drive worm and sending a drive worm wheel to cooperate and realize the speed reduction, improve the precision of sending.

Further as preferred, the upper ejector sleeve sheave is rotatably mounted on the ejector sleeve sheave plate, the ejector sleeve sheave plate is fixed on a telescopic rod of the ejector sleeve sheave hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder body of the ejector sleeve sheave hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the mounting frame, the ejector sleeve driving unit comprises an ejector sleeve hydraulic motor, an ejector sleeve driving worm and an ejector sleeve driving worm wheel, an output shaft of the ejector sleeve hydraulic motor drives the ejector sleeve driving worm, the ejector sleeve driving worm is matched with the ejector sleeve driving worm wheel, the ejector sleeve driving worm wheel is fixed on the lower ejector sleeve sheave, so that the lower ejector sleeve sheave is driven to rotate by the ejector sleeve hydraulic motor, and the speed reduction is realized by matching the ejector sleeve driving worm with the ejector sleeve driving worm wheel, and the accuracy of the ejector sleeve is improved.

Preferably, the wire feeding hydraulic motor is a double-shaft hydraulic motor, output shafts at two ends of the wire feeding hydraulic motor are respectively fixed to inner rings of two wire feeding one-way bearings, unidirectional characteristics of the two wire feeding one-way bearings are opposite (i.e. the double-shaft hydraulic motor rotates in a forward direction to drive an outer ring of one wire feeding one-way bearing to rotate but not drive an outer ring of the other wire feeding one-way bearing to rotate; the hydraulic motor rotates in a reverse direction, the outer ring of one wire feeding one-way bearing does not rotate but drives an outer ring of the other wire feeding one-way bearing to rotate; the outer rings of the two wire feeding one-way bearings are respectively fixed with two wire feeding sleeves, the two wire feeding sleeves are respectively fixed to two first wire feeding bevel gears, the two first wire feeding bevel gears are respectively meshed with two second wire feeding bevel gears, and the two second wire feeding, by adopting the structure, two wire feeding mechanisms can be driven to work by adopting one double-shaft hydraulic motor, the compact space in the crushing head is effectively utilized, and the compactness of the mechanism is improved. .

Further preferably, the tube pushing hydraulic motor is a double-shaft hydraulic motor, output shafts at two ends of the tube pushing hydraulic motor are respectively fixed to inner rings of two tube pushing one-way bearings, the two tube pushing one-way bearings have opposite one-way characteristics (i.e. the double-shaft hydraulic motor can drive an outer ring of one tube pushing one-way bearing to rotate and cannot drive an outer ring of the other tube pushing one-way bearing to rotate in a forward direction), the hydraulic motor rotates in a reverse direction, the outer ring of one tube pushing one-way bearing does not rotate and drives an outer ring of the other tube pushing one-way bearing to rotate), the outer rings of the two tube pushing one-way bearings are respectively fixed with two tube pushing sleeves, the two tube pushing sleeves are respectively fixed to two first tube pushing bevel gears, the two first tube pushing bevel gears are respectively engaged with the two second tube pushing bevel gears, the two second tube pushing bevel gears are respectively fixed to tube pushing driving worms of the two wire explosion, by adopting the structure, two pipe pushing mechanisms can be driven to work by adopting one double-shaft hydraulic motor, the compact space in the crushing head is effectively utilized, and the compactness of the mechanism is improved.

Preferably, the wire releasing cylinders of every two wire explosion units are coaxially and rotatably arranged on the crushing head, the crushing head is rotatably provided with a first guide sheave and a second guide sheave which are coaxially arranged, and the wire explosion pulled out by the wire releasing cylinders of the two wire explosion units are respectively wound on the first guide sheave and the second guide sheave and are guided to respective wire feeding mechanisms.

Further as preferred, the side all is provided with outer baffle about the blasting space, and first fixture and second fixture all include interior baffle, interior baffle is fixed in on the centre gripping head, the outside of interior baffle is hugged closely in the inboard of outer baffle, adopts this kind of structure to make, at last centre gripping head and the tight back of last centre gripping head clamp down, also the clearance is very little between outer baffle and the interior baffle, and consequently the harm of shock wave to inner structure is less, has improved the durable degree of equipment.

Further as preferred, the crushing head rotates and installs on the support arm of collection mine car, installs on the support arm of collection mine car and is used for driving crushing head pivoted hydraulic drive device, and a plurality of pulse of a plurality of group explodes the silk group around the pivot circumference evenly distributed of crushing head, and a plurality of that same pulse explodes the silk unit and follow the pivot axial of crushing head and distribute equidistantly.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the invention generates instantaneous high pressure to generate shock waves to crush the ore layer, can control the pressure of the shock waves generated by the explosion of the metal wire by controlling the pulse voltage and the current to control the crushing head to crush the rocks with different thicknesses, solves the problem of ore layer acquisition and development of mining environments with uneven ore layer distribution under the complex sea conditions of deep sea, and can achieve better mining and crushing effects when the shock waves are set properly and the ore layer is crushed sufficiently for the mining environments with larger difference of rock layer hardness and ore layer hardness and compressive strength. According to the rock stratum crushing principle, when the pressure intensity of the shock wave is greater than the compressive strength of the rock stratum, the rock stratum is crushed, and because the uniformity of the shock wave approximately maintains the pressure intensity at all positions of the rock stratum in a uniform interval, the crushing effect is good, and the crushing is uniform relative to the mining method of mechanical sharp thorns.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the working state of the mine collecting truck according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mine collection vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a crushing head according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a crushing head according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the working state of the wire-bursting unit according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of another working state of the wire-explosion unit according to the embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a wire feeder structure of adjacent wire explosion units according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipe pushing mechanism of adjacent wire explosion units according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower and upper clamping heads according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a bursting attachment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the wire feed hydraulic motor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the push tube hydraulic motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Numbering in the figures: the mining collecting vehicle 1, a supporting arm 11, a crushing head 2, an explosion space 21, a window 22, a wire discharge barrel 31, a first guide sheave 32, a second guide sheave 33, a wire feeder 4, an upper row of wire feed sheaves 41, a lower row of wire feed sheaves 42, a wire feed sheave plate 43, a wire feed sheave hydraulic cylinder 44, a wire feed hydraulic motor 45, a wire feed drive worm 46, a wire feed drive worm wheel 47, a wire feed one-way bearing 48, a wire feed sleeve 49, a first electrode 51, a second electrode 52, a first clamping mechanism 53, a second clamping mechanism 54, a lower clamping head 55, an upper clamping head 56, a clamping hydraulic cylinder 57, a first V-shaped groove 58, a second V-shaped groove 59, an outer baffle 510, an inner baffle 511, a joining cleaning mechanism 6, a joining pipe 61, an upper row of pushing pipe sheaves 62, a lower row of pushing pipe sheaves 63, a liquid inlet port 64, a pushing pipe sheave plate 65, a pushing pipe sheave hydraulic cylinder 66, a pushing pipe hydraulic motor 67, a pushing, the pipe pushing driving worm wheel 69, the pipe pushing one-way bearing 610, the pipe pushing sleeve 611, the wire explosion connecting section 7, the conductor connecting end 71, the wire explosion section 72, the insulating supporting layer 73 and the mining ship 8

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-13, the deep-sea mining equipment of the embodiment includes a mining collecting vehicle 1, a crushing head 2 and a pulse wire explosion unit, the pulse wire explosion unit includes a plurality of wire explosion units, the pulse wire explosion unit is fixed on the crushing head 2, the wire explosion unit includes a wire discharge tube 31, a wire feeding mechanism 4, a first electrode 51 (as a high-voltage electrode), a second electrode 52 (as a low-voltage electrode), a first clamping mechanism 53 and a second clamping mechanism 54, the wire discharge tube 31 is wound with wire explosion, the wire discharge tube 31 is installed on the crushing head 2, and the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 are respectively connected to two output interfaces of a strong pulse power supply.

The wire feeding mechanism 4 comprises an upper row of wire feeding grooved wheels 41, a lower row of wire feeding grooved wheels 42 and a wire feeding driving unit, wherein the upper row of wire feeding grooved wheels 41 and the lower row of wire feeding grooved wheels 42 are rotatably installed on the crushing head 2, the wire explosion is clamped between the wheel groove of the upper row of wire feeding grooved wheels 41 and the wheel groove of the lower row of wire feeding grooved wheels 42, and the wire feeding driving unit drives the lower row of wire feeding grooved wheels 42 to rotate, so that the wire explosion feeding is driven.

The detonating fuse comprises a plurality of detonating fuse connecting sections 7, each detonating fuse connecting section 7 comprises a conductor connecting end 71, a detonating fuse section 72 and an insulating supporting layer 73, the conductor connecting ends 71 and the detonating fuse sections 72 are integrally connected, the insulating supporting layers 73 are coated on the outer sides of the detonating fuse sections 72, the outer surfaces of the conductor connecting ends 71 are exposed between the two adjacent insulating supporting layers 73, the detonating fuse sections 72 of the detonating fuse connecting sections 7 are integrally connected with the conductor connecting ends 71 of the adjacent detonating fuse connecting sections 7, and by adopting the structure, the first electrodes 51 and the second electrodes 52 can respectively clamp the conductor connecting ends 71 of the detonating fuse connecting sections 7 and the conductor connecting ends 71 of the adjacent detonating fuse connecting sections 7, so that the detonating fuses between the two electrodes can be instantly gasified under the action of the current of the strong pulse power supply (within 1-10 microseconds).

The first clamping mechanism 53 and the second clamping mechanism 54 both comprise a lower clamping head 55, an upper clamping head 56 and a clamping hydraulic cylinder 57, the cylinder bodies of the lower clamping head 55 and the clamping hydraulic cylinder 57 are fixed on the crushing head 2, the telescopic rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder 57 is fixed on the upper clamping head 56, a first V-shaped groove 58 and a second V-shaped groove 59 are respectively formed in the lower clamping head 55 and the upper clamping head 56, the clamping hydraulic cylinder 57 drives the clamping hydraulic cylinder to move downwards to clamp the explosive wire, the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 are respectively and fixedly installed on the upper clamping head 56 of the first clamping mechanism 53 and the upper clamping head 56 of the second clamping mechanism 54, an explosion space 21 for gasifying and exploding the explosive wire is arranged between the first clamping mechanism 53 and the second clamping mechanism 54, and a window 22 for shock waves to act on the seabed is arranged outside the explosion space 21.

In this embodiment, the wire explosion unit further includes an engagement cleaning mechanism 6, the engagement cleaning mechanism 6 includes an engagement tube 61, an upper push tube sheave 62, a lower push tube sheave 63, a push tube driving unit, and a liquid inlet port 64, the upper push tube sheave 62 and the lower push tube sheave 63 are rotatably mounted on the crushing head 2, the engagement tube 61 is clamped between a pulley groove of the upper push tube sheave 62 and a pulley groove of the lower push tube sheave 63, the wire feeding driving unit drives the lower push tube sheave 63 to rotate, so as to drive the engagement tube 61 to move linearly, the engagement tube 61 is provided with a jack for penetrating the wire explosion, one end of the jack is open outwards, the engagement tube 61 is fixed with the liquid inlet port 64, the liquid inlet port 64 is communicated with the other end of the jack, the liquid inlet port 64 is communicated to the high-pressure washer, the engagement cleaning mechanism 6 mainly realizes two functions, one is that when the engagement tube 61 moves through the first clamping mechanism 53 and reaches the second clamping mechanism 54, can be ejecting with the unable gasified conductor link 71 (the diameter is more than the silk section 72 of exploding of centre gripping is a lot bigger, unable gasification) of first fixture 53 inside centre gripping to can scrape off the residual substance that glues on the wall in first V-arrangement groove 58, second V-arrangement groove 59, high-pressure liquid that the high pressure flusher was discharged (sea water can), can get into the jack through inlet port 64, and jet out at a high speed from the one end of jack, thereby improved and to wash first fixture 53 and second fixture 54, guaranteed first electrode 51, second electrode 52 can realize stably high-efficiently and explode the electric connection of silk. Secondly, after one end of the connecting pipe 61 is abutted to the lower clamping head 55 and the upper clamping head 56 of the second clamping mechanism 54, the explosive wire sent out from between the lower clamping head 55 and the upper clamping head 56 of the second clamping mechanism 54 can be sent to between the lower clamping head 55 and the upper clamping head 56 of the first clamping mechanism 53 through the jack of the connecting pipe 61, and then the connecting pipe 61 is retreated, so that the explosive wire can be conveniently clamped by the lower clamping head 55 and the upper clamping head 56 of the subsequent first clamping mechanism 53, the condition that the explosive wire cannot be accurately sent into between the lower clamping head 55 and the upper clamping head 56 of the first clamping mechanism 53 due to accidental bending of the explosive wire is eliminated in the process, and the reliability of realizing the equipment function is ensured.

In this embodiment, furthermore, the upper row of the wire feeding sheaves 41 of the wire feeding mechanism 4 is rotatably installed on the wire feeding sheave plate 43, the wire feeding sheave plate 43 is fixed on the telescopic rod of the wire feeding sheave hydraulic cylinder 44, the cylinder body of the wire feeding sheave hydraulic cylinder 44 is fixed on the mounting rack, the wire feeding driving unit includes a wire feeding hydraulic motor 45, a wire feeding driving worm 46 and a wire feeding driving worm wheel 47, the output shaft of the wire feeding hydraulic motor 45 drives the wire feeding driving worm 46, the wire feeding driving worm 46 is matched with the wire feeding driving worm wheel 47, the wire feeding driving worm wheel 47 is fixed on the lower row of the wire feeding sheave 42, so that the lower row of the wire feeding sheave 42 is driven by the wire feeding hydraulic motor 45 to rotate, the speed reduction is realized by matching the wire feeding driving worm 46.

In this embodiment, further, the upper push tube sheave 62 is rotatably mounted on the push tube sheave plate 65, the push tube sheave plate 65 is fixed on an expansion link of the push tube sheave hydraulic cylinder 66, a cylinder body of the push tube sheave hydraulic cylinder 66 is fixed on the mounting frame, the push tube driving unit includes a push tube hydraulic motor 67, a push tube driving worm 68, and a push tube driving worm wheel 69, an output shaft of the push tube hydraulic motor 67 drives the push tube driving worm 68, the push tube driving worm 68 and the push tube driving worm wheel 69 are matched, and the push tube driving worm wheel 69 is fixed on the lower push tube sheave 63, so that the lower push tube 63 is driven by the push tube hydraulic motor 67 to rotate, and the push tube driving worm 68 and the push tube driving worm wheel 69 are matched to realize deceleration and improve the precision of the push tube.

In this embodiment, further, the wire feeding hydraulic motor 45 is a dual-shaft hydraulic motor, output shafts at two ends of the wire feeding hydraulic motor 45 are respectively fixed to inner rings of two wire feeding one-way bearings 48, unidirectional characteristics of the two wire feeding one-way bearings 48 are opposite (i.e. the dual-shaft hydraulic motor rotates forward to drive an outer ring of one of the wire feeding one-way bearings 48 to rotate but not to drive an outer ring of the other wire feeding one-way bearing 48 to rotate; the hydraulic motor rotates backward, an outer ring of one of the wire feeding one-way bearings 48 does not rotate but drives an outer ring of the other wire feeding one-way bearing 48 to rotate), two wire feeding sleeves 49 are respectively fixed to the outer rings of the two wire feeding one-way bearings 48, the two wire feeding sleeves 49 are respectively fixed to two first wire feeding bevel gears, the two first wire feeding bevel gears are respectively engaged with the two second wire feeding bevel gears, the two second wire, by adopting the structure, two wire feeding mechanisms 4 can be driven to work by adopting a double-shaft hydraulic motor, the compact space in the crushing head 2 is effectively utilized, and the compactness of the mechanism is improved.

In this embodiment, further, the tube-pushing hydraulic motor 67 is a dual-shaft hydraulic motor, output shafts at two ends of the tube-pushing hydraulic motor 67 are respectively fixed to inner rings of two tube-pushing one-way bearings 610, unidirectional characteristics of the two tube-pushing one-way bearings 610 are opposite (i.e. the dual-shaft hydraulic motor rotates in a forward direction to drive an outer ring of one tube-pushing one-way bearing 610 to rotate but not to drive an outer ring of the other tube-pushing one-way bearing 610 to rotate; the dual-shaft hydraulic motor rotates in a reverse direction, the outer ring of one tube-pushing one-way bearing 610 does not rotate but drives an outer ring of the other tube-pushing one-way bearing 610 to rotate; the outer rings of the two tube-pushing one-way bearings 610 are respectively fixed with two tube-pushing sleeves 611, the two tube-pushing sleeves 611 are respectively fixed to two first tube-pushing bevel gears, the two first tube-pushing bevel gears are respectively engaged with the two second tube-pushing bevel gears, by adopting the structure, two push pipe mechanisms can be driven to work by adopting one double-shaft hydraulic motor, the compact space in the crushing head 2 is effectively utilized, and the compactness of the mechanism is improved.

In the embodiment, furthermore, the coaxial rotation of the filament discharging cylinders 31 of every two filament explosion units is installed on the crushing head 2, the first guide sheave 32 and the second guide sheave 33 which are coaxially arranged are installed on the crushing head 2 in a rotating manner, and the exploded filaments pulled out from the filament discharging cylinders 31 of the two filament explosion units are respectively wound on the first guide sheave 32 and the second guide sheave 33 and are guided to the respective filament feeding mechanisms 4.

In this embodiment, further, the outer baffle 510 is arranged on each of the left and right sides of the blasting space, the first clamping mechanism 53 and the second clamping mechanism 54 each include an inner baffle 511, the inner baffle 511 is fixed to the upper clamping head 56, the outer side of the inner baffle 511 is tightly attached to the inner side of the outer baffle 510, and by adopting this structure, after the upper clamping head 56 and the lower upper clamping head 56 are clamped, the gap between the outer baffle 510 and the inner baffle 511 is small, so that the damage of the shock wave to the inner structure is small, and the durability of the device is improved.

This embodiment, it is further that crushing head 2 rotates to be installed on the support arm 11 of collection mine car 1, installs on the support arm 11 of collection mine car 1 to be used for driving 2 pivoted hydraulic drive devices of crushing head, and a plurality of pulse of a plurality of group explodes a set and winds the pivot circumference evenly distributed of crushing head 2, and a plurality of that same pulse explodes a set explodes a unit and follows the equidistant distribution of the pivot axial of crushing head 2.

The pulse generating device adopts a strong pulse power supply, two groups of pulse generators are arranged on the mine collection car 1, the two groups of pulse generators are charged in turn to work, the delay of the energy storage process of the pulse generators is avoided, and the mine collection car 1 is connected to the mining ship 8 on the sea surface through a cable.

Specifically, in this embodiment, six groups of pulse wire explosion groups are designed, each group of pulse wire explosion group includes 5 to 20 wire explosion units, after a group of wire explosion passes through a pulse, the crushing head 2 rotates one sixth of a circle, the next group of wire explosion group is rotated to be right opposite to the ore layer, the last group of wire explosion group enters a wire explosion filling flow, a hydraulic motor rotates to send a new wire explosion between two electrodes, after the mechanical action of the wire explosion is finished, a low-voltage current is firstly conducted to detect whether the wire explosion at two sides is filled, the electrodes at two sides are butted by using round holes, platinum electrodes or titanium alloy or stainless steel materials are used, and the butt joint flow is specifically described: after a pulse occurs, the burst wire between the two electrodes is instantaneously (within 1-10 microseconds) gasified, and a new burst wire needs to be filled for the next pulse.

The blasting wire between the two electrodes can be gasified instantly (within 1-10 microseconds), instant high pressure is generated, the impact wave is generated to crush an ore layer, the pressure of the impact wave generated by explosion of the metal wire can be controlled by controlling pulse voltage and current, the rock with different thicknesses can be crushed by controlling the crushing head 2, the problem of ore layer acquisition and development of a mining environment with uneven ore layer distribution under deep sea complex sea conditions is solved, in addition, the ore layer is crushed in a pressure mode for the impact wave in a mining environment with larger difference between rock layer hardness and ore layer compressive strength, when the impact wave energy is set to be proper and enough to crush the ore layer, a better mining crushing effect can be achieved, and compared with a mechanical point mining mode, the mining device has the advantages that the acquired ore has low rock content, high acquisition efficiency and a good crushing effect. According to the rock stratum crushing principle, when the pressure intensity of the shock wave is greater than the compressive strength of the rock stratum, the rock stratum is crushed, and because the uniformity of the shock wave approximately maintains the pressure intensity at all positions of the rock stratum in a uniform interval, the crushing effect is good, and the crushing is uniform relative to the mining method of mechanical sharp thorns.

The specific mining process of the deep sea mining equipment of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

step S1, sinking the deep sea mining equipment to the submarine mining area,

step S2, rotating the crushing head 2 by a certain angle, and aligning the window 22 of the wire explosion unit of the pulse wire explosion group to the explosion area;

step S3, a strong pulse power supply supplies a strong pulse current to the blasting wire of the blasting wire unit, the blasting wire of the blasting wire unit and the seawater in the blasting wire area are gasified instantly, shock waves are generated, and rocks are crushed through the impact of the seawater;

in step S4, the blasting unit is filled with a new blasting wire for the next pulse.

In the process of the step S5, the step of loading a new wire explosion unit includes the steps of:

s4.1, the tail end of the coiled explosive wire passes through the wire feeding mechanism 4 and forwards traverses the explosion space 21;

and S4.2, respectively clamping the two electrodes positioned at the two sides of the explosion space 21 on the explosion wire.

Wherein step S4.1 comprises the steps of:

s4.11, the wire feeder 4 drives a connecting pipe 61 to extend backwards and cross the explosion space 21 by the opposite connection cleaning mechanism 6,

s4.12, the tail end of the wire explosion transversely penetrates into the connecting pipe 61 through the wire feeding mechanism 4,

s4.13, the connecting pipe 61 retracts forwards to the initial position.

Step S3 includes the following steps:

s3.1, connecting two electrodes of the wire explosion clamping the wire explosion unit to a conductive detection unit, and detecting whether the wire explosion is conducted with the two electrodes;

and S3.2, the strong pulse power supply supplies strong pulse current to the wire explosion unit.

The above description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (10)

1. A deep sea mining apparatus, characterized in that: the pulse wire explosion unit comprises a collection car (1), a crushing head (2) and a pulse wire explosion group, the pulse wire explosion group comprises a plurality of wire explosion units, the pulse wire explosion group is fixed on the crushing head (2), the wire explosion units comprise a wire discharge cylinder (31), a wire feeding mechanism (4), a first electrode (51), a second electrode (52), a first clamping mechanism (53) and a second clamping mechanism (54), the wire discharge cylinder (31) is wound with wire explosion, the wire discharge cylinder (31) is installed on the crushing head (2), the first electrode (51) and the second electrode (52) are respectively connected to two output interfaces of a strong pulse power supply, the wire feeding mechanism (4) comprises an upper wire feeding grooved pulley (41), a lower wire feeding grooved pulley (42) and a wire feeding driving unit, the upper wire feeding grooved pulley (41) and the lower wire feeding grooved pulley (42) are rotatably installed on the crushing head (2), and the wire explosion is clamped in a grooved pulley of the upper wire feeding grooved pulley (41), Between the race of lower row of sending a sheave (42), send a drive unit drive lower row of sending a sheave (42) and rotate, explode the silk and include a plurality of and explode silk linkage segment (7), explode silk linkage segment (7) and include conductor link (71), explode silk section (72), insulating support layer (73), conductor link (71), explode silk section (72) integral type and connect, insulating support layer (73) cladding is in exploding the silk section (72) outside, and makes the surface of conductor link (71) expose between two adjacent insulating support layers (73), explode the silk section (72) of silk linkage segment (7) and adjacent conductor link (71) integral type of exploding silk linkage segment (7) and connect.

2. Deep sea mining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first clamping mechanism (53) and the second clamping mechanism (54) respectively comprise a lower clamping head (55), an upper clamping head (56) and a clamping hydraulic cylinder (57), the cylinder bodies of the lower clamping head (55) and the clamping hydraulic cylinder (57) are fixed on the crushing head (2), a telescopic rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder (57) is fixed on the upper clamping head (56), the lower clamping head (55) and the upper clamping head (56) are respectively provided with a first V-shaped groove (58) and a second V-shaped groove (59), the clamping hydraulic cylinder (57) drives the downward movement to clamp the explosive wire, the first electrode (51) and the second electrode (52) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the upper clamping head (56) of the first clamping mechanism (53) and the upper clamping head (56) of the second clamping mechanism (54), an explosion space (21) for gasification and explosion of the explosive wire is arranged between the first clamping mechanism (53) and the second clamping mechanism (54), the explosion space (21) is provided with a window (22) for shock waves to act on the seabed at the outer side.

3. Deep sea mining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wire explosion unit further comprises a connection cleaning mechanism (6), the connection cleaning mechanism (6) comprises a connection pipe (61), an upper push pipe grooved pulley (62), a lower push pipe grooved pulley (63), a push pipe driving unit and a liquid inlet port (64), the upper push pipe grooved pulley (62) and the lower push pipe grooved pulley (63) are rotatably arranged on the crushing head (2), the connection pipe (61) is clamped between the wheel groove of the upper push pipe grooved pulley (62) and the wheel groove of the lower push pipe grooved pulley (63), the wire feeding driving unit drives the lower push pipe grooved pulley (63) to rotate, thereby driving the connecting pipe (61) to move linearly, the connecting pipe (61) is provided with a jack for penetrating the bursting wire, one end of the jack is opened outwards, a liquid inlet port (64) is fixed on the linking pipe (61), the liquid inlet port (64) is communicated with the other end of the jack, the liquid inlet port (64) is communicated to the high-pressure flusher, and the linking and cleaning mechanism (6) mainly realizes two functions.

4. Deep sea mining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper row of the wire feeding mechanism (4) is provided with a wire feeding sheave (41) which is rotatably arranged on a wire feeding sheave wheel plate (43), the wire feeding sheave wheel plate (43) is fixed on a telescopic rod of a wire feeding sheave hydraulic cylinder (44), a cylinder body of the wire feeding sheave hydraulic cylinder (44) is fixed on a mounting frame, a wire feeding driving unit comprises a wire feeding hydraulic motor (45), a wire feeding driving worm (46) and a wire feeding driving worm wheel (47), an output shaft of the wire feeding hydraulic motor (45) drives the wire feeding driving worm (46), the wire feeding driving worm (46) is matched with the wire feeding driving worm wheel (47), and the wire feeding driving worm wheel (47) is fixed on the lower row of the wire feeding sheave (42.

5. Deep sea mining apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: the upper-row push pipe grooved wheel (62) is rotatably installed on a push pipe grooved wheel plate (65), the push pipe grooved wheel plate (65) is fixed on a telescopic rod of a push pipe grooved wheel hydraulic cylinder (66), a cylinder body of the push pipe grooved wheel hydraulic cylinder (66) is fixed on an installation frame, a push pipe driving unit comprises a push pipe hydraulic motor (67), a push pipe driving worm (68) and a push pipe driving worm wheel (69), an output shaft of the push pipe hydraulic motor (67) drives the push pipe driving worm (68), the push pipe driving worm (68) is matched with the push pipe driving worm wheel (69), and the push pipe driving worm wheel (69) is fixed to the lower-row push pipe grooved wheel (63).

6. Deep sea mining apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: it adopts biax hydraulic motor to send silk hydraulic motor (45), the output shaft at the both ends of sending silk hydraulic motor (45) is fixed respectively to the inner circle of two one-way bearings (48) of sending silk, the one-way characteristic of two one-way bearings (48) of sending silk is opposite, two outer races that send silk one-way bearing (48) of two are fixed respectively send silk sleeve (49), two send silk sleeve (49) to be fixed respectively to two first wire feed bevel gears of sending, two first wire feed bevel gears are respectively with two second wire feed bevel gears meshing, two second wire feed bevel gears are fixed respectively to the drive worm (46) that send silk of two explosive wire units.

7. Deep sea mining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the push pipe hydraulic motor (67) adopts a double-shaft hydraulic motor, output shafts at two ends of the push pipe hydraulic motor (67) are respectively fixed to inner rings of two push pipe one-way bearings (610), the one-way characteristics of the two push pipe one-way bearings (610) are opposite, two push pipe sleeves (611) are respectively fixed to outer rings of the two push pipe one-way bearings (610), the two push pipe sleeves (611) are respectively fixed to two first push pipe bevel gears, the two first push pipe bevel gears are respectively meshed with the two second push pipe bevel gears, and the two second push pipe bevel gears are respectively fixed to push pipe driving worms (68) of the two explosive wire units.

8. Deep sea mining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coaxial rotation of the wire discharging barrels (31) of every two wire explosion units is arranged on the crushing head (2), the first guide grooved wheel (32) and the second guide grooved wheel (33) which are coaxially arranged are arranged on the crushing head (2) in a rotating mode, and the wire explosion drawn out of the wire discharging barrels (31) of the two wire explosion units are respectively wound on the first guide grooved wheel (32) and the second guide grooved wheel (33) and are guided to the respective wire feeding mechanisms (4).

9. Deep sea mining apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the left side and the right side of the blasting space are provided with outer baffles (510), the first clamping mechanism (53) and the second clamping mechanism (54) comprise inner baffles (511), the inner baffles (511) are fixed on the upper clamping head (56), and the outer sides of the inner baffles (511) are tightly attached to the inner sides of the outer baffles (510).

10. Deep sea mining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing head (2) is rotatably installed on a supporting arm (11) of the mining collecting vehicle (1), a hydraulic driving device used for driving the crushing head (2) to rotate is installed on the supporting arm (11) of the mining collecting vehicle (1), a plurality of groups of pulse wire explosion groups are uniformly distributed around the circumferential direction of a rotating shaft of the crushing head (2), and a plurality of wire explosion units of the same pulse wire explosion group are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the crushing head (2).

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