Inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing structure and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a plugging material for buildings, and particularly relates to an inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing a structure, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Concrete cracks are inevitable, and once the cracks are through, water leaks from the cracks if water is supplied from the outside, so that the cracks need to be plugged by grouting in an open water environment. The commonly used grouting materials are inorganic grouting materials, such as superfine cement or conventional cement and water glass, organic grouting materials, such as foamed polyurethane (aqueous polyurethane or oil polyurethane) or epoxy resin, and the like. The superfine cement grouting material has the advantages of high strength of a hardened body, good bonding strength with peripheral concrete, long service life with the same material as the peripheral concrete structure, easy shrinkage after hardening, uncontrollable setting time and easy dispersion when meeting open water with high water pressure. Although the hardening time of the conventional cement and water glass can be adjusted, the quick setting effect can be achieved in a short time, but a hardened body is easy to shrink, and the self compactness can be influenced. The foaming polyurethane has the advantages of foaming when meeting water, rapidly stopping water and obvious effect, but the foaming body has no strength and can not play a role in reinforcing the structure, and the foaming body has poor cohesiveness with concrete and can shrink more when losing water. The epoxy resin has the advantages that the hardened body has high strength and can play a role in reinforcing a structure, but the epoxy resin is difficult to cure in a clear water environment, the bonding strength between the epoxy resin and the peripheral concrete is weak even if the epoxy resin is cured, and the high polymer material is not resistant to ultraviolet rays and is easy to age and lose efficacy.
If an inorganic grouting material mainly based on a cement-based material can be developed, the curing time can be adjusted, water can be solidified and stopped in a short time, the inorganic grouting material cannot be scattered by water flow, the inorganic grouting material can play a role in reinforcing a structure after being cured, a cured body does not shrink, the service life of the inorganic grouting material is the same as that of a concrete structure, and the industrial development of building grouting, water proofing and leakage stopping can be greatly promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an inorganic grouting material which can stop open water and reinforce a structure, the inorganic grouting material can realize the effect of solidifying the material in a very short time, can adjust the solidification time, solidify and stop water in a short time, cannot be scattered by water flow, can play a role of reinforcing the structure after being hardened, does not shrink a hardened body, has the same service life as a concrete structure, and can effectively promote the industrial development of building grouting, water prevention and leakage stoppage.
The invention also provides a preparation method, application and a using method of the inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing the structure.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing a structure comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of potassium silicate solution, 2-3 parts of sodium silicate solution, 1-1.5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.2 part of defoaming agent and 10-13 parts of water; the component B is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.2 part of water reducing agent, 20-25 parts of superfine cement, 8-9 parts of mineral powder, 0.5-0.7 part of silica fume, 2-3 parts of fly ash, 0.5-0.6 part of flocculating agent, 0.5-0.6 part of expanding agent, 0-1 part of retarder and 10-13 parts of water.
Wherein the potassium silicate solution is 30-40% (mass fraction) potassium silicate aqueous solution, and the sodium silicate solution is 30-40% (mass fraction) sodium silicate aqueous solution. They are the main components and can react with calcium ions in cement to generate CaSiO3The crystal accelerates the cement solidification, and achieves the quick setting effect. Can also increase the compactness of the cement and improve the waterproof function of the cement.
Preferably, the potassium silicate solution is a 30% (mass fraction) potassium silicate aqueous solution, and the sodium silicate solution is a 40% (mass fraction) sodium silicate aqueous solution.
Wherein, the dispersant is stearamide, and the main function is to uniformly disperse the fused powder, thereby being beneficial to the strength of the hardened material.
The defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil, and the main function of the defoaming agent is to eliminate material foam and reduce hardened gaps.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent. The main function of the grouting material is to increase the fluidity of cement grout so that the grouting material is more suitable for grouting and increase the permeability of the cement grout.
Further, the superfine cement is a high-performance superfine particle cement-based grouting material. It is the base material of the grouting material and increases the permeability of the material.
Preferably, the mineral powder is alkaline mineral powder, and can generate a secondary hydration reaction with a hydration product of cement, so that the compactness of the hardened cement is improved, and the waterproof function of the hardened cement is improved.
Preferably, the silica fume is silica fume with fineness less than 1 μm and active silica accounting for more than 80%. The water-retaining property of the cement slurry can be increased, and the segregation of the cement slurry is prevented; meanwhile, the cement paste can also improve the anti-permeability, anti-corrosion, anti-impact and wear-resistant properties of the cement paste.
Further, the flocculant is polyacrylamide, and can prevent cement slurry from being dispersed by water, so that the construction quality can be ensured in an open water state.
Preferably, the expanding agent is magnesium oxide, which can compensate the shrinkage caused by cement hydration heat and prevent cracking of the cement paste after hardening.
Preferably, the retarder is citric acid. The invention uses citric acid to control and delay the setting time of grouting material, adjusts the setting time of grouting material by the proportion of citric acid and sodium (potassium) silicate, increases the amount of potassium (sodium) silicate and reduces the amount of citric acid when the setting time needs to be accelerated, and reduces the amount of potassium (sodium) silicate and increases the amount of citric acid when the setting time needs to be slowed down, so that the invention can adapt to the requirements of the setting time of grouting material under different working conditions.
The inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing the structure comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the component A according to a formula proportion, sequentially adding water, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent, a potassium silicate solution and a sodium silicate solution, and then uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain the component A;
(2) and the component B is prepared by weighing the components according to the formula proportion, sequentially adding a water reducing agent, a flocculating agent, an expanding agent, a retarder, superfine cement, mineral powder, silica fume and fly ash, stirring and mixing uniformly, and adding water and mixing uniformly before use.
The inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing the structure is applied to grouting, waterproofing and plugging of concrete buildings.
The specific application method of the application comprises the following steps:
and respectively storing the AB components into a double-liquid grouting machine, and grouting.
When the invention is used, the invention is divided into two components, wherein the first component comprises potassium silicate solution, sodium silicate solution, dispersant, defoamer and water, and the second component comprises water reducer, superfine cement, mineral powder, silica fume, fly ash, flocculant, expanding agent, retarder and water. And the two components are simultaneously injected with equal volume by using a double-liquid injection machine according to the proportion during preparation, and the amount of water added in the AB is the same.
In the invention, the solidification of cement is accelerated by silicate, the magnesium oxide enables the cement to expand slightly and resist shrinkage, and the silica fume, the fly ash and the mineral powder enable the cement to be more compact after hardening so as to improve the impermeability. The influence of the silicate concentration on the cement setting speed is used for adjusting the setting speed of the grouting material. Compared with the similar products, the coagulation speed is higher and controllable; compared with the similar products, the product has higher strength and can participate in stress in the structure; the anti-permeability performance is better than that of the similar products.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the silicate solution in the inorganic grouting material which can stop open water and reinforce the structure can realize the effect of solidifying the material in a very short time; compared with the existing cement water glass double-liquid grouting solidification speed, the method has obvious advantages.
2. The grouting material has controllable setting speed, the retarder and the potassium (sodium) silicate in the grouting material are components which obviously influence the setting speed of the material, and the adjustment of the setting speed of the material can be realized by adjusting the relative mixing amount of the retarder.
3. The expanding agent of the present invention can expand the volume of cement and compensate the shrinkage, so that the cement does not crack.
4. The flocculant in the invention can prevent the cement from being dispersed in water, so that the material can be constructed under the condition of open water; compared with the similar products (such as cement and water glass double-liquid grouting), the mortar has better impact resistance and dispersion property.
5. The mineral powder, the fly ash and the silica fume in the invention can ensure that the product has better compactness and corrosion resistance than similar products.
6. The invention can play a role of reinforcing the structure after hardening, and the hardened body does not shrink, has the same service life as a concrete structure:
(1) compared with the hardened similar product, the strength of the hardened cement water glass grouting is higher than that of the hardened similar product, the final strength of the cement water glass grouting is only 5MPa, and the product can reach 15-18 MPa, so that the cement water glass grouting material can not only block the leakage, but also bear the force, and plays a role in reinforcement;
(2) the material is an inorganic material and is the same as the substances generated by the cementing material in the concrete, so the material has the same service life as the structure.
7. Because the setting time is too fast, if only a single component is used, the material can be set during stirring, the invention is divided into two groups AB, and two groups of materials can not be mixed before injection by using double-liquid grouting, so that the material can be guaranteed to be set after injection.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrated.
All raw materials of the invention are commercial building materials or industrial auxiliary agents.
The sources of the raw materials used in the examples are as follows:
the potassium silicate solution is a potassium silicate water solution with the mass fraction of 30%: shanghai Yuna chemical Co Ltd
The sodium silicate solution is a potassium silicate water solution with the mass fraction of 40%: shanghai Yuna chemical Co Ltd
The dispersant is stearamide: chemical engineering of Changshan city Shunddistrict Leliuhong Jing
The defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil: guangzhou city xu beautifier
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent: hebei Shenpeng chemical company Limited
The mineral powder is alkaline mineral powder: jin Tai environmental resources Co Ltd
The superfine cement is a superfine cement high-performance superfine grain cement-based grouting material: zhejiang san Shi group Special Cement Co Ltd
The silica fume is silica fume with the fineness less than 1 mu m and the active silica accounting for more than 80 percent: 98 silica fume, Beijing Dechang Wei industry construction engineering technology Limited
Fly ash: changhua Fei chemical Co., Ltd
The flocculating agent is polyacrylamide: tin-free blue wave chemical company Limited, average molecular weight 1200 ten thousand.
The retarder is citric acid: suzhou Pin Shun chemical Co., Ltd.
Example 1
Inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing structure
The component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of potassium silicate aqueous solution (30%), 3 parts of sodium silicate aqueous solution (40%), 1.5 parts of dispersant stearamide, 0.2 part of defoaming agent simethicone and 10 parts of water;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 20 parts of high-performance ultra-fine cement-based grouting material, 8 parts of alkaline mineral powder, 0.5 part of silica fume, 3 parts of fly ash, 0.6 part of flocculating agent polyacrylamide, 0.5 part of swelling agent magnesium oxide and 10 parts of water.
The inorganic grouting material of the embodiment has high solidification speed and can be used for cavities and gaps with large water seepage amount.
Example 2
Inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing structure
The component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of potassium silicate aqueous solution (30%), 2 parts of sodium silicate aqueous solution (40%), 1 part of dispersant stearamide, 0.1 part of defoaming agent dimethyl silicone oil and 13 parts of water;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 25 parts of high-performance ultra-fine cement-based grouting material, 9 parts of alkaline mineral powder, 0.7 part of silica fume, 2 parts of fly ash, 0.6 part of flocculating agent polyacrylamide, 0.5 part of expanding agent magnesium oxide, 1 part of retarder citric acid and 13 parts of water.
Compared with the inorganic grouting material in the embodiment 1, the inorganic grouting material in the embodiment can slow down the solidification time, and can be used for cavities and cracks with small water seepage amount and high permeation requirements.
Example 3
Inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing structure
The component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of potassium silicate aqueous solution (30%), 2 parts of sodium silicate aqueous solution (40%), 1 part of dispersant stearamide, 0.1 part of defoaming agent dimethyl silicone oil and 10 parts of water;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1 part of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 20 parts of high-performance ultra-fine cement-based grouting material, 8 parts of alkaline mineral powder, 0.5 part of silica fume, 2 parts of fly ash, 0.5 part of flocculating agent polyacrylamide, 0.5 part of expanding agent magnesium oxide, 1 part of retarder citric acid and 10 parts of water.
Example 4
Inorganic grouting material capable of stopping open water and reinforcing structure
The component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of potassium silicate aqueous solution (30%), 3 parts of sodium silicate aqueous solution (40%), 1.5 parts of dispersant stearamide, 0.2 part of defoaming agent simethicone and 13 parts of water;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, 25 parts of high-performance ultra-fine cement-based grouting material, 9 parts of alkaline mineral powder, 0.7 part of silica fume, 3 parts of fly ash, 0.6 part of flocculating agent polyacrylamide, 0.6 part of expanding agent magnesium oxide, 1 part of retarder citric acid and 13 parts of water.
In the above examples, an aqueous solution of potassium silicate (40% by mass) and an aqueous solution of sodium silicate (30% by mass) may be used.
Example 5
The components are weighed according to any one of the formulation proportions in the examples 1-4 for preparation:
(1) weighing the component A according to a formula proportion, sequentially adding water, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent, a potassium silicate solution and a sodium silicate solution, and then uniformly mixing and stirring the mixture by a dispersing machine to obtain the component A;
(2) and the component B is prepared by weighing the components according to the formula proportion, a water reducing agent, a flocculating agent, an expanding agent, a retarder, superfine cement, mineral powder, silica fume and fly ash, uniformly stirring and mixing the components by a powdery material stirrer, and adding water for uniformly mixing before use.
Example 6
The invention can stop open water and strengthen the inorganic grouting material of the structure, and the using process comprises the following steps:
when in use, the applied base surface is pretreated, and the pretreatment comprises the following specific steps: removing oil stains or other impurities on the surface of a base surface, keeping the surface dry, punching a hole on the building base surface to a depth of about 3-5 cm, inserting a special grouting water stopping needle head, respectively adding a component A and a component B which are added with water and mixed uniformly into two clean empty barrels, immediately placing two slurry suction pipes of a double-liquid grouting machine into the two barrels, butting a beef tallow head of the grouting machine with the water stopping needle head, starting the grouting machine to inject slurry into the interior of the building base layer in an equal volume ratio for about 10-15 s, closing the grouting machine, pulling out the beef tallow head after all slurry in the beef tallow head of the grouting machine is injected into the water stopping needle head, repeating the steps until the initial setting time of the injected slurry is reached, namely, the surface is solidified and does not flow, the water stopping needle head is pulled out, sealing a grouting hole, and drying for 2 days or more.
Test example 1
The formula adopted in embodiment 1 of the invention aims at the cavities and cracks with large water seepage amount, and the formula adopted in embodiment 2 aims at the cavities and cracks with small water seepage amount and high permeation requirement.
The difference between example 1 and example 2 is the setting time, and the evaluation criteria were the time required for the slip to lose plasticity (i.e., setting time), and the results of the measurements are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, (1) a fast-setting slip formulation can be formulated for example 1; (2) for example 2, a grouting material with slower solidification can be prepared, so that the material has sufficient time to penetrate into the tiny gaps of the concrete before solidification.
The inorganic grouting material prepared by the invention can adjust the curing time, solidify and stop water in a short time, cannot be dispersed by water flow, can play a role of reinforcing a structure after being cured, does not shrink a cured body, has low vertical expansion rate and shrinkage resistance, has the same generated substance as concrete, has the same service life as a concrete structure, and can greatly promote the industrial development of building grouting, water prevention and leakage stoppage; can be effectively applied to the grouting waterproof and leakage stoppage of concrete buildings.
In addition, the performances of the common cement-water glass grouting material (Ningshan, Rooiyi, key factor research on the characteristics of cement-water glass grouting material [ J ] coal technology, 2017,36(11): 209-wall 210) are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 Experimental results of C-S double-slurry test blocks with different ratios
Note: laboratory temperature: 15-16 °, humidity: 68% -70%, water glass: 43.1, 35.2, 30.9, cement designation: 42.5.
compared with the inorganic grouting material prepared by the invention, the solidification time is 1 and controllable, and can be faster than that of similar products; 2. the strength is three times of that of the same product.