CN111060010A - Parallel plane parameter on-machine measurement system and measurement method - Google Patents
Parallel plane parameter on-machine measurement system and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/026—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring distance between sensor and object
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
- G01B11/005—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates coordinate measuring machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种平行平面参数在机测量系统，包括机床工作台及机床主轴，待测工件位于所述机床工作台上，待测工件的两平行平面垂直于所述机床工作台；还包括测量装置及两个量块；所述测量装置包括两个测距传感器；两个所述测距传感器位于所述机床主轴轴线的两侧且分别与所述机床主轴固接，两个所述测距传感器的测量方向平行于所述机床工作台并垂直于待测工件的两平行平面；两个所述量块位于所述机床工作台上且其测量面与待测工件的两平行平面平行。本发明还公开了一种平行平面参数在机测量方法。本发明的平行平面参数在机测量系统在机测量方式可以有效避免离线测量中工件移动与重定位的复杂过程；提高了测量的准确度、便捷性以及自动化水平。
The invention discloses an on-machine measuring system for parallel plane parameters, comprising a machine tool workbench and a machine tool spindle, a workpiece to be measured is located on the machine tool workbench, and two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured are perpendicular to the machine tool workbench; A measuring device and two measuring blocks; the measuring device includes two distance measuring sensors; the two distance measuring sensors are located on both sides of the axis of the machine tool spindle and are respectively fixed to the machine tool spindle, and the two distance measuring sensors are The measurement direction of the distance sensor is parallel to the machine tool table and perpendicular to two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured; the two measuring blocks are located on the machine tool table and their measurement surfaces are parallel to the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured. The invention also discloses an on-machine measuring method for parallel plane parameters. The on-machine measuring method of the parallel plane parameter on-machine measuring system of the present invention can effectively avoid the complex process of workpiece movement and repositioning in off-line measuring, and improve the measuring accuracy, convenience and automation level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plane parameter measuring system and a measuring method, in particular to a parallel plane parameter on-machine measuring system and a measuring method.
Background
At present, the parallel plane is a common structure in large-scale equipment and plays a considerable role in the aspects of guiding, supporting and the like. In parallel planar processing, in-sequence measurement and post-sequence verification are important. In-sequence measurement and after-sequence verification can adopt off-line measurement, on-line measurement and other modes at present.
The off-line measurement is a detection mode of disassembling the moving workpiece, and needs to be separated from a manufacturing site. At present, a three-coordinate measuring machine is mainly used for off-line measurement, the precision is high, the universality is strong, but in the measuring process, a workpiece can generate secondary positioning errors due to carrying and repositioning, the final precision of the workpiece is seriously influenced, in addition, a large amount of working hours can be consumed, the production period is prolonged, and the production efficiency is reduced.
The machine measurement can complete the processing and detection tasks by configuring a corresponding measuring device on the machine tool, has the unique advantage of integration of processing and measurement, can improve the working efficiency, reduce the measurement cost and ensure the product quality.
The traditional on-machine measurement mode mainly depends on manual detection, the used measurement means mostly belong to traditional mechanical telescopic measuring tools, and data are obtained by human eye reading. The measuring mode is simple to operate, and an operator can master the measuring mode through simple training. Because of adopting the manual measurement, the measurement value that can obtain is less, and the information quantity is not enough to support and obtain high accuracy measurement data and more complicated geometric parameters. For larger workpieces, in order to facilitate manual measurement at a proper position, auxiliary devices such as scaffolds need to be built, so that a large number of working hours can be increased, the safety is poor, and the measurement efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an on-machine measuring system and a measuring method for parallel plane parameters, which have high measuring efficiency and are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: a parallel plane parameter on-machine measuring system comprises a machine tool workbench and a machine tool spindle, wherein a workpiece to be measured is positioned on the machine tool workbench, and two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured are vertical to the machine tool workbench; the device also comprises a measuring device and two gauge blocks; the measuring device comprises two ranging sensors; the two distance measuring sensors are positioned on two sides of the axis of the machine tool spindle and are respectively fixedly connected with the machine tool spindle, and the measuring directions of the two distance measuring sensors are parallel to the machine tool workbench and vertical to two parallel planes of a workpiece to be measured; the two gauge blocks are positioned on the machine tool workbench, and the measuring surfaces of the gauge blocks are parallel to the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured.
Further, the two distance measuring sensors are symmetrical relative to the axis of the machine tool spindle.
Further, the measuring device also comprises a connecting plate parallel to the machine tool workbench; the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the machine tool spindle, and the center of the connecting plate is located on the axis of the machine tool spindle; two distance measuring sensors are arranged at two ends of the connecting plate.
Further, the measuring device also comprises a spring chuck matched with the machine tool spindle; the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the spring chuck; the spring chuck is detachably connected with the machine tool spindle.
Further, the gauge blocks are parallel gauges.
The invention also provides an on-machine measurement method of parallel plane parameters, which comprises the following steps: two parallel planes of a workpiece to be measured positioned on a machine tool workbench are vertical to the machine tool workbench; carrying two distance measuring sensors on a main shaft of a machine tool, so that the measuring directions of the two distance measuring sensors are parallel to a workbench of the machine tool and perpendicular to two parallel planes of a workpiece to be measured; fixing the two gauge blocks on the machine tool workbench, so that the measuring surfaces of the two gauge blocks are parallel to the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured;
before measurement, the distance between the opposite measurement surfaces of the two gauge blocks is verified;
during measurement, firstly, the two distance measuring sensors respectively measure the distance of a measuring surface of the measuring block opposite to a measuring head of the two distance measuring sensors; then, the two distance measuring sensors correspond to each measuring point on two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured, and respectively measure the distance between the measuring point and the plane of the workpiece opposite to the measuring head; and obtaining the distance between two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured corresponding to each measuring point according to the distance reading from each ranging sensor to the measuring surface of the measuring block opposite to the measuring head, the distance reading from each ranging sensor to the plane of the workpiece opposite to the measuring head, and the verification distance between the opposite measuring surfaces of the two measuring blocks.
Further, the specific method for measuring the distance between two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured comprises the following steps:
driving a machine tool main shaft to enable two distance measuring sensors carried by the machine tool main shaft to move between two gauge blocks; the two distance measuring sensors respectively measure the distance of the gauge block opposite to the measuring head thereof;
then, moving the two distance measuring sensors to a certain measuring position between two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured, wherein the measuring position corresponds to a measuring point on the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured; the two distance measuring sensors respectively measure the distance between the two distance measuring sensors and the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head of the two distance measuring sensors; obtaining the difference between the distance reading from each distance measuring sensor to the measuring surface of the measuring block corresponding to the measuring point and the distance reading from each distance measuring sensor to the workpiece plane corresponding to the measuring head; then, according to the verification distance between the opposite measuring surfaces of the two gauge blocks, the distance between the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured corresponding to the measuring point is obtained;
two distance measuring sensors move between two parallel planes of a workpiece to be measured and respectively measure the distance between the two distance measuring sensors and the plane of the workpiece opposite to the measuring heads of the two distance measuring sensors corresponding to different measuring points on the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured; thereby obtaining a plurality of measuring point data on two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured; the average distance and parallelism of the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured are obtained from the data.
Furthermore, the two distance measuring sensors respectively measure the distance of the measuring surface of the measuring block opposite to the measuring head of the two distance measuring sensors, and the distance between the two distance measuring sensors is calibrated; and obtaining the distance between the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured corresponding to different measuring points according to the distance reading of the workpiece plane corresponding to the measuring head of the two distance measuring sensors measured by the two distance measuring sensors respectively and the calibration value of the distance between the two distance measuring sensors.
Furthermore, the moving track and the measuring position of the two distance measuring sensors between the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured are set through programming.
Further, determining the relative position relationship between the two distance measuring sensors and the machine tool spindle, and obtaining the position coordinates of the two distance measuring sensors from the position coordinates of the machine tool spindle when the two distance measuring sensors move and measure between two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured; synchronously storing the measurement data of the two distance measuring sensors and the coordinates of the measurement positions of the two distance measuring sensors; the distance between the measuring head and the workpiece plane is measured by any one of the distance measuring sensors, the coordinate of the corresponding measuring point on the plane is obtained, the planeness, the in-plane straightness and the verticality relative to other known planes of the plane are calculated by the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points on the plane, and the distance and the parallelism between the two parallel planes are obtained by the coordinates of different measuring points on the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the measurement convenience is improved: the complex process of moving and repositioning the workpiece in off-line measurement can be effectively avoided by adopting an on-machine measurement mode, and only the measurement device is required to be matched with the main shaft of the machine tool for installation. The method is different from the traditional measuring mode, and the installation process of auxiliary devices such as scaffolds and the like is avoided.
2. The measurement accuracy is improved: this scheme adopts the mode of relative measurement, and the measurement point quantity is more, is different from traditional manual measurement mode in addition, avoids the random error that the human eye reading produced, effectively improves the precision.
3. Measurement universality: and aiming at the measured planes with different distances, the distance between the two sensors and the length of the standard gauge can be adjusted to measure. Aiming at different measurement requirements, sensors with different principles and different specifications can be selected.
4. The measurement automation can be realized: in the scheme, the main shaft carrying and measuring device of the numerical control machine moves, and the geometric quantity measuring result is obtained by sensor data alone or by the cooperation of the sensor data and machine tool coordinates. Manual measurement operation is not needed in the measurement process, and the automation degree is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention:
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring device in the present invention:
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a measurement principle of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a machine tool table; 2. a workpiece to be tested; 3. a machine tool spindle; 4. a measuring device; 5. measuring blocks; 6. distance measuring sensor, 7, connecting plate.
L, detecting a value of the distance between the opposite measuring surfaces of the two measuring blocks;
l', the distance between two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured;
ΔL1the difference value between the distance reading from the first distance measuring sensor to the measuring surface of the measuring block opposite to the measuring head and the distance reading from the first distance measuring sensor to the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head;
ΔL2and the difference between the distance reading from the measuring surface of the measuring block opposite to the measuring head of the second distance measuring sensor and the distance reading from the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head of the second distance measuring sensor.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are enumerated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the following detailed description is given:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, an on-machine measurement system for parallel plane parameters includes a machine tool table 1 and a machine tool spindle 3, a workpiece 2 to be measured is located on the machine tool table 1, and two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured are perpendicular to the machine tool table 1; the device also comprises a measuring device 4 and two gauge blocks 5; the measuring device 4 comprises two distance measuring sensors 6; the two distance measuring sensors 6 are positioned on two sides of the axis of the machine tool spindle 3 and are respectively fixedly connected with the machine tool spindle 3, and the measuring directions of the two distance measuring sensors 6 are parallel to the machine tool workbench 1 and perpendicular to two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured; the two gauge blocks 5 are positioned on the machine tool workbench 1, and the measuring surfaces of the gauge blocks are parallel to the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured. And aiming at the measured planes with different distances, the distance between the two sensors and the distance between the opposite measuring surfaces of the two measuring blocks can be adjusted to measure.
The distance measuring sensor 6 can be a laser distance measuring sensor 6 suitable for use in the prior art, and can also be a suitable distance measuring sensor of other types in the prior art for different measurement requirements.
Further, the two distance measuring sensors 6 may be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the machine spindle 3. It is convenient to adjust the distance between the two sensors and to calculate the position coordinates of the two distance measuring sensors 6.
Further, the measuring device 4 may also comprise a connecting plate 7 parallel to the machine table 1; the connecting plate 7 can be fixedly connected to the machine tool spindle 3, and the center of the connecting plate can be located on the axis of the machine tool spindle 3; two of the distance measuring sensors 6 may be installed at both ends of the connection plate 7. The connecting plate 7 is arranged to facilitate the installation and fixation of the distance measuring sensor 6; in order to facilitate the distance adjustment and positioning of the distance measuring sensor 6, a sliding groove and a positioning and locking structure can be arranged on the connecting plate 7, and the distance measuring sensor 6 slides relative to the connecting plate 7 and is clamped and fixed with the connecting plate 7 through the positioning and locking structure; the positioning and locking structure can adopt a positioning and locking structure suitable for the prior art.
The connecting plate 7 may be affixed to the machine spindle 3 by means of techniques commonly used in the art. Can be respectively matched, connected and fixed with the main shaft through a middle adapter plate and a truncated cone-shaped connecting seat as shown in figure 2.
Further, in order to facilitate quick mounting and fixing with the machine tool spindle 3, the measuring device 4 may further include a collet chuck engaged with the machine tool spindle 3; the connecting plate 7 can be fixedly connected with the spring chuck; the spring chuck can be detachably connected with the machine tool spindle 3, and the structure of the spring chuck can be the same as that of a spindle cutter.
Further, the gauge blocks 5 may be parallel gauges. Granite parallel gauges can be selected and supplied in pairs. The rock is subjected to long-term natural aging, the tissue structure is uniform, the expansion coefficient is extremely small, the internal stress is completely eliminated, and the rock is not deformed, so that the precision is high.
The invention also provides an embodiment of an on-machine measuring method of parallel plane parameters, which comprises the following steps: two parallel planes of a workpiece 2 to be measured positioned on a machine tool workbench 1 are vertical to the machine tool workbench 1; carrying two distance measuring sensors 6 on a machine tool spindle 3, so that the measuring directions of the two distance measuring sensors 6 are parallel to a machine tool workbench 1 and vertical to two parallel planes of a workpiece 2 to be measured; fixing two gauge blocks 5 on the machine tool workbench 1, and enabling measuring surfaces of the two gauge blocks 5 to be parallel to two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured;
before measurement, the distance between the opposite measurement surfaces of the two gauge blocks 5 is verified;
during measurement, firstly, the two distance measuring sensors 6 respectively measure the distance of the measuring surface of the measuring block 5 opposite to the measuring head thereof; then, two distance measuring sensors 6 correspond to each measuring point on two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured, and respectively measure the distance between the measuring point and the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head; and obtaining the distance between two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured corresponding to each measuring point according to the distance reading from each ranging sensor 6 to the measuring surface of the measuring block 5 opposite to the measuring head, the distance reading from the measuring surface of the workpiece opposite to the measuring head, and the verification distance between the opposite measuring surfaces of the two measuring blocks 5.
Further, a specific method for measuring the distance between two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured may include:
the machine tool spindle 3 can be driven to move the two distance measuring sensors 6 carried by the machine tool spindle to a position between the two gauge blocks 5; the two distance measuring sensors 6 respectively measure the distance of the measuring block 5 opposite to the measuring head thereof;
then, the two distance measuring sensors 6 can be moved to a certain measuring position between the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured, and the measuring position corresponds to a measuring point on the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured; the two distance measuring sensors 6 can respectively measure the distance of the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head thereof; the difference between the distance reading from each distance measuring sensor 6 to the measuring surface of the gauge block 5 opposite to the measuring head and the distance reading from the measuring head to the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head can be obtained; the distance between two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured corresponding to the measuring point can be obtained according to the verification distance between the opposite measuring surfaces of the two gauge blocks 5;
the two distance measuring sensors 6 can move between the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured and can correspond to different measuring points on the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured, and the two distance measuring sensors 6 can respectively measure the distance between the two distance measuring sensors and the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head thereof; thereby obtaining a plurality of measuring point data on two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured; from these data, the average distance between two parallel planes and the parallelism of the workpiece 2 to be measured can be obtained.
Furthermore, the two distance measuring sensors 6 can respectively measure the distance of the measuring surface of the measuring block 5 opposite to the measuring head thereof, and can be used for calibrating the distance between the two distance measuring sensors 6; i.e. the distance between the measurement start positions corresponding to the readings of the two ranging sensors 6 is calibrated. For example, if the reading measured by the distance measuring sensor 6 is the distance from the end face of the distance measuring sensor 6 to the measuring face of the gauge block 5, the distance between the end faces of the two distance measuring sensors 6 is calibrated; if the reading measured by the distance measuring sensor 6 is the distance from the center of the distance measuring sensor 6 to the measuring surface of the measuring block 5, the distance between the centers of the two distance measuring sensors 6 is calibrated.
The distance measuring device can correspond to different measuring points on two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured, can enable the two distance measuring sensors 6 to move and measure between the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured, and can obtain the distance between the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured corresponding to different measuring points according to the distance reading of the workpiece plane corresponding to the measuring head of the two distance measuring sensors 6 and the calibration value of the distance between the two distance measuring sensors 6.
Further, the moving track and the measuring position of the two distance measuring sensors 6 between the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured can be set by programming.
Further, the relative position relationship between the two distance measuring sensors 6 and the machine tool spindle 3 can be determined, and when the two distance measuring sensors 6 move and measure between two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured, the position coordinates of the two distance measuring sensors 6 can be obtained according to the position coordinates of the machine tool spindle 3; the measurement data of the two distance measuring sensors 6 and the measurement position coordinates thereof can be synchronously stored; the distance between the measuring head and the plane of the workpiece can be measured by any one of the distance measuring sensors 6, the coordinate of the corresponding measuring point on the plane can be obtained, the planeness, the in-plane straightness and the plane verticality of the plane can be calculated by the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points on the plane, and the distance and the parallelism between two parallel planes can be obtained by the coordinates of different measuring points on the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured.
The working principle of the invention is explained below in connection with a preferred embodiment of the invention:
a parallel plane parameter on-machine measuring system comprises a machine tool workbench 1 and a machine tool spindle 3, wherein a workpiece 2 to be measured is positioned on the machine tool workbench 1, and two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured are vertical to the machine tool workbench 1; the device also comprises a measuring device 4 and two gauge blocks 5; the measuring device 4 comprises two distance measuring sensors 6; the two distance measuring sensors 6 are positioned on two sides of the axis of the machine tool spindle 3 and are respectively fixedly connected with the machine tool spindle 3, and the measuring directions of the two distance measuring sensors 6 are parallel to the machine tool workbench 1 and perpendicular to two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured; the two gauge blocks 5 are positioned on the machine tool workbench 1, and the measuring surfaces of the gauge blocks are parallel to the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured. The measuring device 4 further comprises a connecting plate 7 parallel to the machine tool table 1; the connecting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the machine tool spindle 3, and the two distance measuring sensors 6 can be mounted at two ends of the connecting plate 7.
Before measurement, the two gauge blocks 5 are subjected to high-precision verification to obtain a distance verification value L between the opposite measurement surfaces of the two gauge blocks 5. In the measuring process, the two distance measuring sensors 6 firstly measure the gauge block 5, then measure two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured, and each distance measuring sensor 6 can respectively obtain the reading difference value in two times of measurement, namely: the difference DeltaL between the distance reading from the measuring surface of the measuring block 5 opposite to the measuring head and the distance reading from the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head is measured by the first distance measuring sensor 61(ii) a The difference DeltaL between the distance reading from the measuring surface of the measuring block 5 opposite to the measuring head and the distance reading from the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head is measured by the second distance measuring sensor 62(ii) a The distance L' between the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured can be obtained by the following formula:
L'＝L+ΔL1+ΔL2。
in the formula:
l represents a pitch detection value between the opposed measurement surfaces of the two gauge blocks 5;
l' represents the distance between two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured;
ΔL1the difference between the distance reading from the measuring surface of the gauge block 5 opposite to the measuring head of the first distance measuring sensor 6 and the distance reading from the plane of the workpiece opposite to the measuring head of the first distance measuring sensor;
ΔL2which represents the difference between the distance reading measured by the second distance measuring sensor 6 to the measuring surface of the gauge block 5 opposite its measuring head and the distance reading to the plane of the workpiece opposite its measuring head.
The measuring device 4 can move between two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured along a track set by programming, and the distance between the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured can be obtained by measuring data by the double distance measuring sensors 6; according to the relative determined position relationship between the two distance measuring sensors 6 and the machine tool spindle 3, when the two distance measuring sensors 6 move and measure between two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured, the position coordinates of the two distance measuring sensors 6 can be obtained according to the position coordinates of the machine tool spindle 3; the measurement data of the two distance measuring sensors 6 and the measurement position coordinates thereof can be synchronously stored; the distance between the measuring head and the workpiece plane can be measured by any one of the distance measuring sensors 6, the coordinate of the corresponding measuring point on the plane can be obtained, the flatness and the in-plane straightness of the plane can be calculated by the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points on the plane, and the distance and the parallelism between two parallel planes can be obtained by the coordinates of different measuring points on the two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured. Thus, the measured data of the single distance measuring sensor 6 is matched with the machine tool coordinates to obtain the flatness of two parallel planes of the workpiece 2 to be measured, the straightness in the plane, the verticality with other known planes and other parameters; the parallelism of the two planes can be obtained by matching the measured data of the double distance measuring sensors 6 with the coordinates of the machine tool.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to carry out the same, and the present invention shall not be limited to the embodiments, i.e. the equivalent changes or modifications made within the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A parallel plane parameter on-machine measuring system comprises a machine tool workbench and a machine tool spindle, wherein a workpiece to be measured is positioned on the machine tool workbench, and two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured are vertical to the machine tool workbench; the device is characterized by also comprising a measuring device and two gauge blocks; the measuring device comprises two ranging sensors; the two distance measuring sensors are positioned on two sides of the axis of the machine tool spindle and are respectively fixedly connected with the machine tool spindle, and the measuring directions of the two distance measuring sensors are parallel to the machine tool workbench and vertical to two parallel planes of a workpiece to be measured; the two gauge blocks are positioned on the machine tool workbench, and the measuring surfaces of the gauge blocks are parallel to the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured.
2. The parallel plane parameter on-machine measurement system of claim 1, wherein two of said ranging sensors are symmetric with respect to said machine tool spindle axis.
3. The parallel plane parameter on-machine measurement system of claim 1, wherein said measurement device further comprises a connection plate parallel to said machine table; the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the machine tool spindle, and the center of the connecting plate is located on the axis of the machine tool spindle; two distance measuring sensors are arranged at two ends of the connecting plate.
4. The parallel plane parameter on-machine measurement system of claim 3, wherein said measuring device further comprises a collet chuck cooperating with said machine spindle; the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the spring chuck; the spring chuck is detachably connected with the machine tool spindle.
5. The parallel plane parameter on-machine measurement system of claim 1, wherein the gauge block is a parallel gauge.
6. A parallel plane parameter on-machine measuring method is characterized in that two parallel planes of a workpiece to be measured on a machine tool workbench are perpendicular to the machine tool workbench; carrying two distance measuring sensors on a main shaft of a machine tool, so that the measuring directions of the two distance measuring sensors are parallel to a workbench of the machine tool and perpendicular to two parallel planes of a workpiece to be measured; fixing the two gauge blocks on the machine tool workbench, so that the measuring surfaces of the two gauge blocks are parallel to the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured;
before measurement, the distance between the opposite measurement surfaces of the two gauge blocks is verified;
during measurement, firstly, the two distance measuring sensors respectively measure the distance of a measuring surface of the measuring block opposite to a measuring head of the two distance measuring sensors; then, the two distance measuring sensors correspond to each measuring point on two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured, and respectively measure the distance between the measuring point and the plane of the workpiece opposite to the measuring head; and obtaining the distance between two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured corresponding to each measuring point according to the distance reading from each ranging sensor to the measuring surface of the measuring block opposite to the measuring head, the distance reading from each ranging sensor to the plane of the workpiece opposite to the measuring head, and the verification distance between the opposite measuring surfaces of the two measuring blocks.
7. The method for on-machine measurement of parallel plane parameters of claim 6, wherein the specific method for measuring the distance between two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured comprises:
driving a machine tool main shaft to enable two distance measuring sensors carried by the machine tool main shaft to move between two gauge blocks; the two distance measuring sensors respectively measure the distance of the gauge block opposite to the measuring head thereof;
then, moving the two distance measuring sensors to a certain measuring position between two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured, wherein the measuring position corresponds to a measuring point on the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured; the two distance measuring sensors respectively measure the distance between the two distance measuring sensors and the workpiece plane opposite to the measuring head of the two distance measuring sensors; obtaining the difference between the distance reading from each distance measuring sensor to the measuring surface of the measuring block corresponding to the measuring point and the distance reading from each distance measuring sensor to the workpiece plane corresponding to the measuring head; then, according to the verification distance between the opposite measuring surfaces of the two gauge blocks, the distance between the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured corresponding to the measuring point is obtained;
two distance measuring sensors move between two parallel planes of a workpiece to be measured and respectively measure the distance between the two distance measuring sensors and the plane of the workpiece opposite to the measuring heads of the two distance measuring sensors corresponding to different measuring points on the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured; thereby obtaining a plurality of measuring point data on two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured; the average distance and parallelism of the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured are obtained from the data.
8. The on-machine measuring method of the parallel plane parameters as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the two distance measuring sensors respectively measure the distance of the measuring surface of the measuring block opposite to the measuring head thereof, and are used for calibrating the distance between the two distance measuring sensors; and obtaining the distance between the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured corresponding to different measuring points according to the distance reading of the workpiece plane corresponding to the measuring head of the two distance measuring sensors measured by the two distance measuring sensors respectively and the calibration value of the distance between the two distance measuring sensors.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the path and position of the two distance measuring sensors moving between the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured are programmed.
10. The on-machine measuring method of the parallel plane parameters according to claim 9, characterized in that the relative position relationship between the two distance measuring sensors and the machine tool spindle is determined, and when the two distance measuring sensors move between the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured, the position coordinates of the two distance measuring sensors are obtained from the position coordinates of the machine tool spindle; synchronously storing the measurement data of the two distance measuring sensors and the coordinates of the measurement positions of the two distance measuring sensors; the distance between the measuring head and the workpiece plane is measured by any one of the distance measuring sensors, the coordinate of the corresponding measuring point on the plane is obtained, the planeness, the in-plane straightness and the verticality relative to other known planes of the plane are calculated by the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points on the plane, and the distance and the parallelism between the two parallel planes are obtained by the coordinates of different measuring points on the two parallel planes of the workpiece to be measured.
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