CN111018622B - Rapid improvement material and method for gangue yard medium habitat - Google Patents
Rapid improvement material and method for gangue yard medium habitat Download PDFInfo
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- CN111018622B CN111018622B CN201911397854.7A CN201911397854A CN111018622B CN 111018622 B CN111018622 B CN 111018622B CN 201911397854 A CN201911397854 A CN 201911397854A CN 111018622 B CN111018622 B CN 111018622B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid improvement material for a gangue yard medium habitat, which comprises a passivation material and a plant growth improvement material; the plant growth improved material comprises: 85-90% of mixed anaerobic fermentation product, 9-10% of ground phosphate rock and 1-5% of sulfate reducing flora; the plant growth improving material is prepared by the following method: A. preparation of Mixed anaerobic fermentates A1: preparation of the mixture: uniformly mixing 35-55% of soybean meal and 45-65% of broussonetia papyrifera litter in percentage by weight; a2, inoculating fermented soybean microorganisms into the mixture obtained in the step A1, wherein the addition amount of the fermented soybean microorganisms is 0.2-1.5 percent of the total weight of the mixture, and fermenting under anaerobic conditions to obtain a mixed anaerobic fermentation product; B. and D, adding phosphate rock powder and sulfate reducing flora into the mixed anaerobic fermentation product obtained in the step A, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant growth improving material. The invention can improve the physical properties of the gangue yard, improve the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, quick-acting potassium and other nutrients in the gangue yard, and improve the microbial biomass in the gangue, thereby promoting the ecological reconstruction of the gangue yard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a material and a method for quickly improving the habitat of a waste rock storage yard medium, in particular to a material and a method for quickly improving the habitat of a waste rock storage yard medium.
Background
After being stacked in the open, various gangue rich in sulfur and iron is easy to oxidize and generate acid, thereby seriously polluting the surrounding environment and threatening the health of human bodies, wherein the gangue is more huge in quantity, wider in distribution and most prominent in pollution. The coal gangue is solid waste generated in the coal mining and washing processes, the accumulation amount is nearly 50 hundred million t in China at present, more than 1600 coal gangue hills with large scale occupy more than land1.5 kilohm 2 . Under the comprehensive action of air oxidation, rainwater leaching, acid-producing microorganisms and the like in a natural environment, acid mine wastewater (AMD) which has a low pH value, high contents of iron, manganese and sulfate radicals and contains various harmful heavy metal ions is easily weathered, and the environment such as surrounding water, soil and the like is seriously polluted, so that the degradation of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems is caused. The weathering process, pollution release and possible environmental ecological risks, pollution prevention and ecological restoration of the sulfur-containing tailings of the coal gangue have attracted extensive attention.
Phytoremediation is a major content and goal of mining ecological restoration, by utilizing different plants to absorb, enrich, fix, degrade pollutants in soil and water (including groundwater) and reduce or avoid water and soil loss, while increasing vegetation coverage through plant growth, thereby achieving ecological restoration or ecological improvement. However, because of the strong acidity, strong oxidizing property, poor physical structure, poor water retention capacity, high concentration of toxic and harmful metals, high sulfate and low nutrient substances of the coal gangue yard, the plants are extremely difficult to grow on the coal gangue yard. The patent (application number is "201911078464.3") utilizes modified limestone and modified silica-calcium peroxide passivation material, can carry out effective control to the release energy of pollutant in the high-sulfur high-iron waste rock to show the biological activity of inhibiting sulfur oxidizing bacteria, reduce the acid production ability of waste rock fast, synthesize the control that realizes waste rock stock dump pollution release, thereby effectively protect the ecological environment of waste rock stock dump periphery. The nutrient content of the materials used in the above patents is low, so that the physicochemical property of the gangue dump site is improved, but the progress of ecological restoration of the gangue dump site is hindered due to poor nutrient condition. Therefore, matrix improvement of the coal gangue before plant restoration of the refuse dump is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a material and a method for quickly improving the medium habitat of a waste rock storage yard. On the basis of the patent (with the application number of '201911078464.3'), the invention is added with the plant growth improving material, can improve the physical properties of the gangue dump, can improve the contents of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, quick-acting potassium and the like in the gangue dump, and improve the microbial biomass in the gangue, thereby promoting the ecological reconstruction of the gangue dump, and meanwhile, has little influence on the effect of in-situ control of the release of high-sulfur and high-iron pollutants provided by the patent (with the application number of '201911078464.3'). The material used in the invention is easy to obtain and process, and has low cost, simple construction process, remarkable effect and strong operability.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a rapid improvement material for a gangue yard medium habitat comprises a passivation material and a plant growth improvement material; the plant growth improving material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of mixed anaerobic fermentation product, 9-10% of ground phosphate rock and 1-5% of sulfate reducing flora; the plant growth improving material is prepared by the following method:
A. mixed anaerobic fermentate preparation
A1, preparing a mixture: uniformly mixing 35-55% of soybean meal and 45-65% of broussonetia papyrifera litter in percentage by weight;
a2, inoculating fermented soybean microorganisms into the mixture obtained in the step A1, wherein the addition amount of the fermented soybean microorganisms is 0.2-1.5 percent of the total weight of the mixture, and fermenting under anaerobic conditions to obtain a mixed anaerobic fermentation product;
B. and D, adding phosphate rock powder and sulfate reducing flora into the mixed anaerobic fermentation product obtained in the step A, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant growth improving material.
In the above material for rapidly improving the medium habitat of the waste rock yard, the fermented soya bean microorganisms comprise 45-75% of bacteria and 25-55% of fungi by weight percentage.
In the above material for rapidly improving the medium habitat of the refuse dump, the bacteria comprise, by weight: 50-60% of cyanobacteria, 30-40% of pachysolen, and 1-10% of actinomycetes and proteus; the fungi comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 90 to 100 percent of Zygomycotina and 0 to 10 percent of ascomycetes.
In the step A2, the mixture obtained in the step A1 is inoculated with fermented soybean microorganisms, the water content of the fermented soybean microorganisms is adjusted to be 55-65%, and the fermented soybean microorganisms are fermented for 10-15 days at 25-35 ℃ under anaerobic conditions to obtain the required mixed anaerobic fermentation product.
In the material for rapidly improving the medium habitat of the gangue dump, the passivation material comprises a passivation material A and a passivation material B, and the passivation material is obtained by the following method:
and (3) passivation material A: after crushing the limestone, adding NaOH to modify the limestone to ensure that the pH value of the limestone reaches 9-11;
and (3) passivation material B: adding NaOH into crushed silica, uniformly mixing, modifying, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content in a silica-NaOH system is 40-50%, stabilizing the pH value to 10-11, drying the stabilized modified silica until the water content is 15-20%, and adding CaO into the dried modified silica 2 ，CaO 2 The addition amount of the modified silica is 5 to 12 percent of the mass of the dried modified silica.
In the material for rapidly improving the medium habitat of the waste rock storage yard, in the preparation process of the passivation material, the limestone and the silica are respectively crushed to be less than 50 meshes.
In the material for rapidly improving the medium habitat of the waste rock storage yard, caCO in the limestone 3 The content is 82-90%.
A method for quickly improving a medium habitat of a waste rock storage yard comprises the following steps:
(1) Turning up the gangue, adding a passivation material A, uniformly mixing, and reacting until the pH value is stabilized to 5-6;
(2) Adding a passivation material B into the gangue after the reaction of the passivation material A, and uniformly mixing;
(3) And adding the plant growth improving material into the passivated gangue and uniformly mixing.
In the method for quickly improving the medium habitat of the gangue dump, the addition amount of the passivation material B is 3% -12% of the dry weight of the gangue.
In the method for rapidly improving the medium habitat of the gangue dump, the addition amount of the plant growth improving material is 3-12% of the dry weight of the gangue.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for rapidly improving the medium habitat of the strong acid high-sulfur high-iron gangue yardThe method and the improved material thereof, the material used in the method is the mixture of the bean pulp and the paper mulberry litter, the ground phosphate rock and the sulfate reducing flora; in the components, the main components of the soybean meal are protein, lysine, tryptophan and methionine, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters are rich. The addition of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like can directly improve soil nutrients, amino acid can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, absorption, conversion and accumulation of nutrients are facilitated, the activity of soil enzyme is enhanced, and the conversion of nutrients is accelerated. The paper mulberry litters contain soluble nutrient substances such as saccharides and proteins, and promote the growth and propagation of microorganisms. The soybean meal and the broussonetia papyrifera litter can fix nitrogen after anaerobic fermentation, release phosphorus to promote the absorption of microorganisms to phosphorus, and the phosphorus can be damaged to a certain extent, but the addition of the phosphorus ore powder can make up the defect. The fermented soya beans are rich in bacteria composition and large in fungus quantity, the addition of the fermented soya beans can obviously improve the quantity and diversity of microorganisms in a waste rock storage yard, and the addition of the sulfate reducing flora can release alkalinity, improve the pH value of coal gangue and enable SO in the waste rock to be absorbed 4 2- Conversion to S 2- ，S 2- And stable sulfide precipitation is formed with metal ions, so that the release of pollutants in the gangue is reduced. The reasonable matching of the components can fully play a plurality of roles, finally effectively promote the improvement of the habitat of the gangue dump and cooperate with the passivating material to control the release of pollutants in the gangue.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of pH of high-sulfur high-iron gangue (coal gangue) leachate
FIG. 2 is a graph of Eh of high-sulfur high-iron gangue (coal gangue) leachate
FIG. 3 is a graph of Fe content in high-sulfur high-iron gangue (coal gangue) leachate
FIG. 4 is a graph showing Mn content of high-sulfur and high-iron gangue (coal gangue) leachate
FIG. 5 is a graph of Cd content in high-sulfur high-iron gangue (coal gangue) leachate
FIG. 6 is a graph of Cr content in high-sulfur high-iron gangue (coal gangue) leachate
FIG. 7 is a graph of Zn content in high-sulfur high-iron gangue (coal gangue) leachate
FIG. 8 is a graph of Cu content in high-sulfur high-iron gangue (coal gangue) leachate
FIG. 9 shows SO as a high-sulfur and high-iron gangue (coal gangue) leachate 4 2- Graph of the content
The attached table 1 shows that the main metal ions and SO of the high-sulfur and high-iron gangue (coal gangue) are treated before and after the improvement 4 2- Summary of releases
The attached table 2 shows the influence on the basic indexes of the habitat conditions of the high-sulfur and high-iron gangue (coal gangue) medium before and after improvement.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1 of the invention: a rapid improvement material for a gangue yard medium habitat comprises a passivation material and a plant growth improvement material; the plant growth improving material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 86% of mixed anaerobic fermentation product, 9% of ground phosphate rock and 5% of sulfate reducing flora; the plant growth improving material is prepared by the following method:
A. mixed anaerobic fermentate preparation
A1, preparing a mixture: uniformly mixing 35% of soybean meal and 65% of broussonetia papyrifera litter in percentage by weight;
a2, inoculating fermented soybean microorganisms into the mixture obtained in the step A1, wherein the addition amount of the fermented soybean microorganisms is 1 percent of the total weight of the mixture, the water content is adjusted to be 60 percent, and the mixture is fermented for 10 days at 30 ℃ under anaerobic conditions to obtain a mixed anaerobic fermentation product;
B. and D, adding phosphate rock powder and sulfate reducing flora into the mixed anaerobic fermentation product obtained in the step A, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant growth improving material.
The fermented soybean microorganisms comprise 60% of bacteria and 40% of fungi by weight percentage.
The bacteria comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 55% of cyanobacteria, 37% of firmicutes and 8% of actinomycetes and proteus; the fungi comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of Zygomycotina and 5% of Ascomycetes.
The passivation material comprises a passivation material A and a passivation material B, and the passivation material is obtained by the following method:
(1) And (3) passivation material A: selecting CaCO 3 And crushing the limestone with the content of 82-90% to less than 50 meshes, and then adding NaOH to modify the limestone to enable the pH value to reach 9-11.
(2) And (3) passivation material B: pulverizing silica to less than 50 meshes, adding NaOH, uniformly mixing, modifying, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content in a silica-NaOH system is 40-50%, stabilizing the pH value to 10-11, drying the stabilized modified silica to ensure that the water content is 15-20%, and adding CaO into the dried silica 2 Mixing, sealing and storing. Added CaO 2 The amount of the modified silica is 10% of the modified silica mass which is dried until the water content is 15% -20%.
A method for quickly improving the medium habitat of a gangue dump comprises the following steps:
(1) The used coal gangue waste residue is collected from a high-sulfur high-iron coal gangue storage yard, weathered coal gangue is collected and taken back to a laboratory, the weathered coal gangue is paved on kraft paper and naturally dried indoors, and the dried coal gangue is sieved by a 2mm sieve and fully and uniformly mixed.
(2) Adding 5% of passivation material A into the coal gangue according to the weight of the coal gangue, reacting for 1 month, and stabilizing the pH value to 5-6;
(3) Adding 5% of passivation material B into the step (2) according to the weight of the coal gangue, stabilizing for 1 month, and stabilizing the pH value of the coal gangue system to about 6;
(4) Adding 10% of plant growth improving material into the coal gangue in the step (3) according to the weight of the coal gangue, and uniformly mixing.
Example 2 of the invention: a rapid improvement material for a medium habitat of a waste rock storage yard comprises a passivation material and a plant growth improvement material; the plant growth improving material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85% of mixed anaerobic fermentation product, 10% of ground phosphate rock and 5% of sulfate reducing flora; the plant growth improving material is prepared by the following method:
A. mixed anaerobic fermentate preparation
A1, preparing a mixture: uniformly mixing 40% of soybean meal and 60% of paper mulberry litters according to weight percentage;
a2, inoculating fermented soybean microorganisms into the mixture obtained in the step A1, wherein the addition amount of the fermented soybean microorganisms is 0.2 percent of the total weight of the mixture, the water content is adjusted to be 55 percent, and the mixture is fermented for 15 days at 25 ℃ under anaerobic conditions to obtain a mixed anaerobic fermentation product;
B. and D, adding phosphate rock powder and sulfate reducing flora into the mixed anaerobic fermentation product obtained in the step A, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant growth improving material.
The fermented soybean microorganisms comprise 45% of bacteria and 55% of fungi by weight percentage.
The bacteria comprise the following components in percentage by weight: cyanobacteria 50%, firmicutes 40%, actinomycetes and proteobacteria 10% in total; the fungi comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 90% of Zygomycotina and 10% of Ascomycetes.
The passivation material comprises a passivation material A and a passivation material B, and the passivation material is obtained by the following method:
(1) And (3) passivation material A: selecting CaCO 3 And crushing the limestone with the content of 82-90% to less than 50 meshes, and then adding NaOH to modify the limestone to enable the pH value to reach 9-11.
(2) And (3) passivation material B: pulverizing silica to less than 50 meshes, adding NaOH, uniformly mixing, modifying, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content in a silica-NaOH system is 40-50%, stabilizing the pH value to 10-11, drying the stabilized modified silica to ensure that the water content is 15-20%, and adding CaO into the dried silica 2 Mixing, sealing and storing. Added CaO 2 The amount of the modified silica is 12% of the modified silica mass which is dried until the water content is 15% -20%.
A method for quickly improving the medium habitat of a gangue dump comprises the following steps:
(1) The used coal gangue waste residue is collected from a high-sulfur high-iron coal gangue storage yard, weathered coal gangue is collected and taken back to a laboratory, the weathered coal gangue is paved on kraft paper and naturally dried indoors, and the dried coal gangue is sieved by a 2mm sieve and fully and uniformly mixed.
(2) Adding 10% of passivation material A into the coal gangue according to the weight of the coal gangue, reacting for 1 month, and stabilizing the pH value to 5-6;
(3) Adding 12% of passivation material B into the step (2) according to the weight of the coal gangue, and stabilizing for 1 month to stabilize the pH value in a coal gangue system to about 6;
(4) Adding 10% of plant growth improving material into the coal gangue in the step (3) according to the weight of the coal gangue, and uniformly mixing.
Example 3 of the invention: a rapid improvement material for a medium habitat of a waste rock storage yard comprises a passivation material and a plant growth improvement material; the plant growth improving material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 90% of mixed anaerobic fermentation product, 9% of ground phosphate rock and 1% of sulfate reducing flora; the plant growth improving material is prepared by the following method:
A. mixed anaerobic fermentate preparation
A1, mixture preparation: uniformly mixing 40% of soybean meal and 60% of broussonetia papyrifera litter in percentage by weight;
a2, inoculating fermented soybean microorganisms into the mixture obtained in the step A1, wherein the addition amount of the fermented soybean microorganisms is 1 percent of the total weight of the mixture, the water content is adjusted to 65 percent, and the mixture is fermented for 10 days at 35 ℃ under anaerobic conditions to obtain a mixed anaerobic fermentation product;
B. and D, adding phosphate rock powder and sulfate reducing flora into the mixed anaerobic fermentation product obtained in the step A, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant growth improving material.
The fermented soybean microorganisms comprise 75% of bacteria and 25% of fungi by weight percentage.
The bacteria comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of cyanobacteria, 35% of firmicutes and 5% of actinomycetes and proteobacteria; the fungi comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 100% of Zygomycota zygorum.
The passivation material comprises a passivation material A and a passivation material B, and the passivation material is obtained by the following method:
(1) And (3) passivation material A: selecting CaCO 3 And crushing the limestone with the content of 82-90% to less than 50 meshes, and then adding NaOH to modify the limestone to enable the pH value to reach 9-11.
(2) And a passivation material B: pulverizing silica to less than 50 mesh, adding NaOH, mixing, modifying, and adding appropriate amount of water to make the silica-NaOH system contain waterThe rate is 40-50%, the pH value is stabilized to 10-11, the stabilized modified silica is dried until the water content is 15-20%, and CaO is added into the dried silica 2 Mixing, sealing and storing. Added CaO 2 The amount of the modified silica is 5 percent of the mass of the modified silica which is dried until the water content is 15 to 20 percent.
A method for quickly improving a medium habitat of a waste rock storage yard specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The used coal gangue waste residue is collected from a high-sulfur high-iron coal gangue storage yard, weathered coal gangue is collected and brought back to a laboratory, and spread kraft paper is naturally dried indoors, passes through a 2mm sieve and is fully and uniformly mixed.
(2) Adding 2% of passivation material A into the coal gangue according to the weight of the coal gangue, reacting for 1 month, and stabilizing the pH value to 5-6;
(3) Adding 3% of passivation material B into the (2) according to the weight of the coal gangue, and stabilizing for 1 month to stabilize the pH value in a coal gangue system to about 6;
(4) Adding 10% of plant growth improving material into the coal gangue in the step (3) according to the weight of the coal gangue, and uniformly mixing.
Example 4 of the invention: a rapid improvement material for a medium habitat of a waste rock storage yard comprises a passivation material and a plant growth improvement material; the plant growth improving material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 87% of mixed anaerobic fermentation product, 9% of ground phosphate rock and 4% of sulfate reducing flora; the plant growth improving material is prepared by the following method:
A. mixed anaerobic fermentate preparation
A1, mixture preparation: uniformly mixing 35% of soybean meal and 65% of broussonetia papyrifera litter in percentage by weight;
a2, inoculating fermented soybean microorganisms into the mixture obtained in the step A1, wherein the addition amount of the fermented soybean microorganisms is 1 percent of the total weight of the mixture, the water content is adjusted to be 60 percent, and the mixture is fermented for 15 days at 25 ℃ under anaerobic conditions to obtain a mixed anaerobic fermentation product;
B. and D, adding phosphate rock powder and sulfate reducing flora into the mixed anaerobic fermentation product obtained in the step A, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant growth improving material.
The fermented soybean microorganisms comprise 55% of bacteria and 45% of fungi by weight percentage.
The bacteria comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 55% of cyanobacteria, 40% of firmicutes and 5% of actinomycetes and proteobacteria; the fungi comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of Zygomycotina and 5% of Ascomycetes.
The passivation material comprises a passivation material A and a passivation material B, and the passivation material is obtained by the following method:
(1) And (3) passivation material A: selecting CaCO 3 The limestone with the content of 82% -90% is crushed to be less than 50 meshes, and then NaOH is added to modify the limestone to enable the pH value to reach 9-11.
(2) And a passivation material B: crushing silica to less than 50 meshes, adding NaOH, uniformly mixing, modifying, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content in a silica-NaOH system is 40-50 percent, stabilizing the pH value to 10-11, drying the modified silica after stabilization to ensure that the water content is 15-20 percent, and adding CaO into the dried silica 2 Mixing, sealing and storing. Added CaO 2 The amount of the modified silica is 7 percent of the mass of the modified silica which is dried until the water content is 15 to 20 percent.
A method for quickly improving the medium habitat of a gangue dump comprises the following steps:
(1) The used coal gangue waste residue is collected from a high-sulfur high-iron coal gangue storage yard, weathered coal gangue is collected and taken back to a laboratory, the weathered coal gangue is paved on kraft paper and naturally dried indoors, and the dried coal gangue is sieved by a 2mm sieve and fully and uniformly mixed.
(2) Adding 7% of passivation material A into the coal gangue according to the weight of the coal gangue, reacting for 1 month, and stabilizing the pH value to 5-6;
(3) Adding 7% of passivation material B into the step (2) according to the weight of the coal gangue, and stabilizing for 1 month to stabilize the pH value in a coal gangue system to about 6;
(4) Adding 5% of plant growth improving material into the coal gangue in the step (3) according to the weight of the coal gangue, and uniformly mixing.
Example 5 of the invention: a rapid improvement material for a medium habitat of a waste rock storage yard comprises a passivation material and a plant growth improvement material; the plant growth improving material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 88% of mixed anaerobic fermentation product, 10% of ground phosphate rock and 2% of sulfate reducing flora; the plant growth improving material is prepared by the following method:
A. mixed anaerobic fermentate preparation
A1, preparing a mixture: uniformly mixing 55% of soybean meal and 45% of broussonetia papyrifera litter in percentage by weight;
a2, inoculating fermented soybean microorganisms into the mixture obtained in the step A1, wherein the addition amount of the fermented soybean microorganisms is 1.5 percent of the total weight of the mixture, the water content is adjusted to be 60 percent, and the mixture is fermented for 10 days at 35 ℃ under anaerobic conditions to obtain a mixed anaerobic fermentation product;
B. and B, adding phosphate rock powder and sulfate reducing flora into the mixed anaerobic fermentation product obtained in the step A, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant growth improving material.
The fermented soybean microorganisms comprise 65% of bacteria and 35% of fungi by weight percentage.
The bacteria comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 58% of cyanobacteria, 32% of firmicutes and 10% of actinomycetes and proteus in total; the fungi comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 93 percent of zygomycota and 7 percent of ascomycetes.
The passivation material comprises a passivation material A and a passivation material B, and the passivation material is obtained by the following method:
(1) And (3) passivation material A: selecting CaCO 3 And crushing the limestone with the content of 82-90% to less than 50 meshes, and then adding NaOH to modify the limestone to enable the pH value to reach 9-11.
(2) And (3) passivation material B: pulverizing silica to less than 50 meshes, adding NaOH, uniformly mixing, modifying, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content in a silica-NaOH system is 40-50%, stabilizing the pH value to 10-11, drying the stabilized modified silica to ensure that the water content is 15-20%, and adding CaO into the dried silica 2 Mixing, sealing and storing. Added CaO 2 The amount of the modified silica is 7% by mass of the modified silica which is dried until the water content is 15-20%.
A method for quickly improving the medium habitat of a gangue dump comprises the following steps:
(1) The used coal gangue waste residue is collected from a high-sulfur high-iron coal gangue storage yard, weathered coal gangue is collected and taken back to a laboratory, the weathered coal gangue is paved on kraft paper and naturally dried indoors, and the dried coal gangue is sieved by a 2mm sieve and fully and uniformly mixed.
(2) Adding 5% of passivation material A into the coal gangue according to the weight of the coal gangue, reacting for 1 month, and stabilizing the pH value to 5-6;
(3) Adding 5% of passivation material B into the step (2) according to the weight of the coal gangue, stabilizing for 1 month, and stabilizing the pH value of the coal gangue system to about 6;
(4) Adding 5% of plant growth improving material into the coal gangue in the step (3) according to the weight of the coal gangue, and uniformly mixing.
To demonstrate that the plant growth improvement method is used for treating the most main metal ions and SO in gangue (coal gangue) 4 2- Effects of release and habitat modification, i performed relevant tests. And (4) respectively taking the passivated coal gangue obtained in the 5 embodiments for testing. The test process comprises the following steps:
(1) The leaching method comprises the steps of respectively filling 50 cm-long leaching columns with diameters of 110mm in coal gangue with or without passivation material, leaching the coal gangue with the plant growth improving material and the coal gangue without any improving material by leaching five times according to the local rainfall of one year, and taking the coal gangue without any improving material as a reference (CK).
(2) After each leaching test, the pH, eh, fe, mn, main heavy metals and SO of the leaching liquid of the coal gangue are analyzed 4 2- And the like.
In the above tests, the coal gangue tests without any improving material and with the plant growth improving material are repeated for 3 times, so as to reduce the test error.
Wherein the test data for example 1 is shown in table 1, table 2 and figures 1-9.
TABLE 1 Pre-and post-improvement on the main metal ions and SO in high-sulfur high-iron gangue (coal gangue) 4 2- Effect of Release
Table 2 influence on basic physicochemical indexes of high-sulfur and high-iron gangue (coal gangue) medium before and after improvement
As shown in the attached drawings and tables, the results show that the addition of the vegetation improvement material can reduce the main metal ions and SO in the coal gangue 4 2- The leaching amount of leachate, eh, fe, mn, cu, zn, cd, cr and SO are reduced 4 2- The content of the leaching solution is increased, the pH value of the leaching solution is increased to be alkaline or slightly alkaline, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and quick-acting potassium in a coal gangue medium are increased, the contents of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes are increased, the pH value of the coal gangue is increased, and the volume weight of soil is reduced. The test results show that the plant growth improving material and the plant growth improving method successfully realize the improvement of the coal gangue habitat, have obvious improvement effect and simultaneously reduce the release of pollutants in the coal gangue.
The test results of other embodiments are similar to the test structure of embodiment 1, and the results show that the material and the method for quickly improving the medium habitat of the gangue dump provided by the invention can effectively improve the coal gangue habitat, have an obvious improvement effect, and reduce the release of pollutants in the coal gangue.
The above are only specific examples of the present invention, and other embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by using equivalent or equivalent alternatives, which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The material for quickly improving the medium habitat of the waste rock storage yard is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: comprises a passivation material and a plant growth improvement material; the plant growth improving material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of mixed anaerobic fermentation product, 9-10% of ground phosphate rock and 1-5% of sulfate reducing flora; the plant growth improving material is prepared by the following method:
A. mixed anaerobic fermentate preparation
A1, mixture preparation: uniformly mixing 35-55% of soybean meal and 45-65% of paper mulberry litters according to weight percentage;
a2, inoculating fermented soybean microorganisms into the mixture obtained in the step A1, wherein the addition amount of the fermented soybean microorganisms is 0.2-1.5 percent of the total weight of the mixture, and fermenting under an anaerobic condition to obtain a mixed anaerobic fermentation product;
B. b, adding phosphate rock powder and sulfate reducing flora into the mixed anaerobic fermentation product obtained in the step A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a plant growth improving material;
the fermented soya bean microorganism comprises 45-75% of bacteria and 25-55% of fungi by weight percentage; the bacteria comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 50-60% of cyanobacteria, 30-40% of pachycetes and 1-10% of actinomycetes and proteobacteria; the fungi comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 90 to 100 percent of Zygomycotina and 0 to 10 percent of ascomycetes;
in the step A2, fermented soybean microorganisms are inoculated into the mixture obtained in the step A1, the water content of the fermented soybean microorganisms is adjusted to be 55-65%, and the fermented soybean microorganisms are fermented for 10-15 days under the anaerobic condition at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ to obtain the required mixed anaerobic fermentation product;
the passivation material comprises a passivation material A and a passivation material B, and the passivation material is obtained by the following method:
and (3) passivation material A: after crushing the limestone, adding NaOH to modify the limestone to ensure that the pH value of the limestone reaches 9-11;
and (3) passivation material B: adding NaOH into crushed silica, uniformly mixing, modifying, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the water content in a silica-NaOH system is 40-50%, stabilizing the pH value to 10-11, drying the stabilized modified silica until the water content is 15-20%, and adding CaO into the dried modified silica 2 ，CaO 2 The addition amount of the modified silica is 5 to 12 percent of the mass of the dried modified silica.
2. The rapid improvement material of the medium habitat of the refuse dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the preparation process of the passivation material, limestone and silica are respectively crushed to below 50 meshes.
3. The mine spoil yard media of claim 1The quick habitat improvement material is characterized in that: caCO in the limestone 3 The content is 82-90%.
4. A method for rapidly improving the material of the gangue dump medium habitat as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific improvement method comprises the following steps:
(1) Turning up the gangue, adding a passivation material A, uniformly mixing, and reacting until the pH value is stabilized to 5-6;
(2) Adding a passivation material B into the gangue after the reaction of the passivation material A, and uniformly mixing, wherein the addition amount of the passivation material B is 3% -12% of the dry weight of the gangue;
(3) And adding plant growth improving materials into the passivated gangue, wherein the adding amount of the plant growth improving materials is 3% -12% of the dry weight of the gangue, and uniformly mixing.
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| CN108393346A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-14 | 东华大学 | A kind of method that calper calcium peroxide-charcoal repairs agricultural soil |
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| CN108393346A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-14 | 东华大学 | A kind of method that calper calcium peroxide-charcoal repairs agricultural soil |
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