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CN111016620B - 一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器 - Google Patents

一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器 Download PDF

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CN111016620B
CN111016620B CN201911308109.0A CN201911308109A CN111016620B CN 111016620 B CN111016620 B CN 111016620B CN 201911308109 A CN201911308109 A CN 201911308109A CN 111016620 B CN111016620 B CN 111016620B
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speed
intermediate shaft
gear
self
motor
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CN111016620A (zh
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王社新
梁志海
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Getec Vehicle Technology Suzhou Co ltd
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Getec Vehicle Technology Suzhou Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明揭示了一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，包括：输入轴、低速中间轴和高速中间轴，设置在三者之间的传动机构，以及一辅助电机，所述辅助电机与所述输入轴直接连接；一耦合装置，所述耦合装置设置在所述辅助电机与所述发动机之间；一驱动电机，其电机轴空套于所述输入轴的外侧，所述电机轴通过传动齿轮与空套在所述高速中间轴上的结合齿轮始终啮合；所述结合齿轮上设置有自脱开装置，所述自脱开装置与设置在所述高速中间轴上的高速挡同步器互斥。本发明确保超过法规限制车速后驱动电机不再参加驱动，防止发动机拖着驱动电机的惯量空转，避免了额外能量的消耗；并且在纯电动驱动模式下，两个电机可以同时工作提供电驱动力。

Description

一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车技术领域，具体而言，尤其涉及一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器。
背景技术
目前，我国新能源汽车中混合动力汽车发展最为迅速。混合动力汽车是一种使用多种能量来源的车辆，通常是使用液体燃料的常规发动机和使用电能的电机驱动车辆。混合动力汽车可在多种模式下驱动，现阶段的混动变速器一般可以执行发动机单独驱动、电机单独驱动、发动机和电机同时驱动等操作模式。
但是，目前混动变速器存在以下缺陷：1、传动系统结构复杂，占用空间大、搭载不便；2、在混合动力汽车处于高速状态时，发动机处于高效经济区，但是驱动电机仍然会处于链接状态，这时发动机需要带动电机转子空转或者利用电池能量驱动电机抵消本身的惯量，此时会导致额外的能量的消耗。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术存在的不足，提供一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，包括：
一用于接收发动机动力的输入轴；
一低速中间轴，与所述输入轴平行设置；
一高速中间轴，与所述输入轴平行设置；
一传动机构，设置在所述输入轴与所述低速中间轴、高速中间轴之间，所述传动机构包括同步器及传动齿轮；
一差速器，用于接收所述低速中间轴或高速中间轴的动力并传输至车轮；
一辅助电机，所述辅助电机与所述输入轴直接连接；
一耦合装置，所述耦合装置设置在所述辅助电机与所述发动机之间；
一驱动电机，所述驱动电机的电机轴空套于所述输入轴的外侧，所述电机轴通过传动齿轮与空套在所述高速中间轴上的结合齿轮始终啮合；所述结合齿轮上设置有自脱开装置，所述自脱开装置与设置在所述高速中间轴上的高速挡同步器互斥。
优选的，所述自脱开装置为离合器或同步器，由ECU单独控制。
优选的，作为所述自脱开装置的同步器可以为所述高速挡同步器的同时并作为电机高速脱开装置。
优选的，所述传动机构包括固定在所述输入轴上的主动齿轮、空套于所述低速中间轴、高速中间轴上的从动齿轮，所述主动齿轮和从动齿轮啮合，所述低速中间轴上设置有低速挡同步器，所述高速中间轴上设置有所述高速挡同步器，所述低速中间轴、高速中间轴上均各固定设置有输出齿轮，与所述差速器的主齿轮啮合。
优选的，所述低速中间轴中设置有两挡低速从动齿轮，所述高速中间轴上设置有且仅有一挡高速从动齿轮。
优选的，所述耦合装置为为分离离合器，所述分离离合器的主动端集成在所述输入轴上，其从动端集成在所述辅助电机的转子上且亦与发动机直接连接。
优选的，所述耦合装置或为锥环式同步器，或为狗齿同步器。
优选的，所述辅助电机和驱动电机均为短轴距的扁平电机。
优选的，所述低速中间轴上固设有一驻车棘轮。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在：
1、三轴式布置，轴向空间更短，适用车型更广；
2、采用自脱开装置，确保超过法规限制车速后驱动电机不再参加驱动，防止发动机拖着驱动电机的惯量空转，避免了额外能量的消耗；
3、自脱开装置的控制方式的选择多样性，提供了更大的应用空间；
4、辅助电机和驱动电机均采用扁平电机，可使轴向空间更短，更加便于变速器设计布局，使布局更加合理；
5、在纯电动驱动模式下，两个电机可以同时工作提供电驱动力。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明技术方案作进一步说明：
图1：本发明优选实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图所示的具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。但这些实施方式并不限于本发明，本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
如图1所示，本发明揭示了一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，包括设置在变速器壳体内可自转的输入轴1，所述输入轴1的一端连接发动机，用于接收发动机动力。与现有技术一样，所述发动机动力输送途径中会按需设置有减震盘9或飞轮等，提供惯量及稳定输出。
本发明中，变速器壳体内与所述输入轴1平行设置有低速中间轴2和高速中间轴3，以及传动机构，设置在所述输入轴1与所述低速中间轴2、高速中间轴3之间。所述传动机构包括固定在所述输入轴1上的主动齿轮、空套于所述低速中间轴2、高速中间轴3上的从动齿轮，所述主动齿轮和从动齿轮啮合，所述低速中间轴2上设置有低速挡同步器21，所述高速中间轴3上设置有所述高速挡同步器33，所述低速中间轴2、高速中间轴3上均各固定设置有输出齿轮8，与差速器4的主齿轮啮合。所述差速器4用于接收所述低速中间轴2或高速中间轴3的动力并传输至车轮。本发明中齿轮传动、以及同步器的选择与现有技术一致，在此不再赘述。
本发明中，所述低速中间轴2中设置有两挡低速从动齿轮，所述高速中间轴3上设置有且仅有一挡高速从动齿轮。因此，本发明中发动机动力传输一共有3个挡位，其中3挡为高速挡。
本发明中，还包括一个辅助电机5、一个耦合装置6和一个驱动电机7，所述辅助电机与所述输入轴1直接连接。所述驱动电机7设置在输入轴1的另一端。所述耦合装置设置在所述辅助电机与所述发动机之间。所述耦合装置为为分离离合器，所述分离离合器的主动端61集成在所述输入轴上，其从动端62集成在所述辅助电机的转子上且亦与发动机直接连接。所述耦合装置6或为锥环式同步器，或为狗齿同步器。所述辅助电机5是汽车起动发电一体机，直接集成在输入轴1上，就是直接以某种瞬态功率较大的电机替代传统的电机，在起步阶段短时起到启动发动机的作用，减少发动机的怠速损耗和污染，直至将所述发动机拖动至其高效经济区，再实现并联接触。刹车时，所述辅助电机5还可以起到再生发电，回收制动能量的节能效果。总之这是一种介于混合动力和传统汽车之间的一种成本低廉的节能和环保方案。因为，在纯EV模式下，可以两个电机同时工作。目的：在急加速、大坡度启动等需求大扭矩输入时，驱动电机输出不足的情况下，辅助电机可通过轴系与主驱动电机协同工作，可以增加电驱动单元总功率，反过来说可以降低驱动电机7的电机功率，节省空间和成本。其中辅助电机5可以匹配多速比实现电机最佳工作工况。作为发动机启停电机时需要结合离合器控制共同实现，且换挡的时候需要对辅助电机5进行调速减小同步惯量。
本发明采用主驱动电机和主发电电机同轴平行式设计，采用多动力源输入，并通过电机与发动机特性减少挡位数量。此种结构在不大幅增加变速器轴向长度的情况，有效控制径向尺寸的增加，为布置电机控制器提供有效空间。
本发明中，所述输入轴1的另一端上空套有驱动电机7，所述驱动电机的电机轴71空套于所述输入轴1的外侧，所述电机轴71通过传动齿轮与空套在所述高速中间轴3上的结合齿轮31始终啮合。所述结合齿轮31上设置有自脱开装置32，所述自脱开装置32与设置在所述高速中间轴3上的高速挡同步器33互斥。这是本发明的一大特点。本结构为双电机结构设计，其中一个电机作为主驱动电机，另外一个电机主发电电机。其中考虑到电机本身的特性（低速可以满扭矩输出），所以为发动机设计的大速比挡位可以部分取消。
本发明中，所述辅助电机5和驱动电机7均为短轴距的扁平电机。同轴平行式驱动电机（扁平电机）特性为驱动扭矩大，但一般最高转速受到限制。法规中规定EV最高车速一般在125Kph左右，且发动机一般在超过100Kph后已经进入高效区。为了使整个结构更紧凑和更好发挥电机在限定车速以内的性能，从设计的角度出发超过法规限制车速后驱动电机不再参加驱动，但此时也不希望发动机拖着驱动电机的惯量空转，所以增加此脱开装置。
本发明中，所述自脱开装置为离合器或同步器，由ECU单独控制。当车速达到阈值时，自动脱开驱动电机7的电驱动力。当然，作为所述自脱开装置的同步器也可以为所述高速挡同步器的同时并作为电机高速脱开装置，即此脱开装置可与选换挡机构公用，并不增加额外的执行机构。
由此可以看出，本发明在发动机动力处于1、2挡的时候，驱动电机7可以提供电力驱动，实现混动；而当车速升高后，即当发动机动力处于3挡时，驱动电机7被自动脱开，此时车辆为纯发动机驱动。
所述低速中间轴2上固设有一驻车棘轮22。当然，所述驻车棘轮22也可设置在所述高速中间轴3或差速器4上，本发明不做具体限定，均属于本发明的保护范畴。
下面简述一下本发明的工作过程。车辆启动时，分离离合器处于分离状态，以驱动电机进行驱动，驱动车辆至发动机可在高效经济区工作的车速时，辅助电机预先启动发动机并使其在高效经济区车速中介入驱动，实现并联混动；当车辆在高速挡行驶时，有且仅有发动机驱动。
本发明在混动过程中实现所述发动机和驱动电机上的功率相加。又因为功率是衡量汽车最高速度的物理量，功率越大的汽车的最高速度也越大，其爬坡性能以及加速性能也愈好。同时，所述发动机和驱动电机均是单独的驱动装置，可以彼此独立的输出贡献扭矩。在驱动电机单独工作的情况下，如电池包电量低于一定的设定值，辅助电机启动发动机，发动机通过辅助电机发电直接至驱动电机或为电池包充电，当停车状态下发动为电池包补充电量。车辆制动时，通过驱动电机进行回收能量，避免能量的浪费。
本发明更紧凑，重量轻、体积小，有利于整车搭载。
应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方式或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，其特征在于：包括
一用于接收发动机动力的输入轴（1）；
一低速中间轴（2），与所述输入轴（1）平行设置；
一高速中间轴（3），与所述输入轴（1）平行设置；
一传动机构，设置在所述输入轴（1）与所述低速中间轴（2）、高速中间轴（3）之间，所述传动机构包括同步器及传动齿轮；
一差速器（4），用于接收所述低速中间轴（2）或高速中间轴（3）的动力并传输至车轮；
一辅助电机（5），所述辅助电机与所述输入轴（1）直接连接；
一耦合装置（6），所述耦合装置设置在所述辅助电机与所述发动机之间；
一驱动电机（7），所述驱动电机的电机轴（71）空套于所述输入轴（1）的外侧，所述电机轴（71）通过传动齿轮与空套在所述高速中间轴（3）上的结合齿轮（31）始终啮合；所述结合齿轮（31）上设置有自脱开装置（32），所述自脱开装置（32）与设置在所述高速中间轴（3）上的高速挡同步器（33）互斥，当车速达到阈值时，所述自脱开装置（32）自动脱开所述驱动电机（7）的电驱动力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，其特征在于：所述自脱开装置为离合器或同步器，由ECU单独控制。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，其特征在于：作为所述自脱开装置的同步器可以为所述高速挡同步器的同时并作为电机高速脱开装置。
4.根据权利要求1至3任一所述的一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，其特征在于：所述传动机构包括固定在所述输入轴（1）上的主动齿轮、空套于所述低速中间轴（2）、高速中间轴（3）上的从动齿轮，所述主动齿轮和从动齿轮啮合，所述低速中间轴（2）上设置有低速挡同步器（21），所述高速中间轴（3）上设置有所述高速挡同步器（33），所述低速中间轴（2）、高速中间轴（3）上均各固定设置有输出齿轮（8），与所述差速器（4）的主齿轮啮合。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，其特征在于：所述低速中间轴（2）中设置有两挡低速从动齿轮，所述高速中间轴（3）上设置有且仅有一挡高速从动齿轮。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，其特征在于：所述耦合装置为为分离离合器，所述分离离合器的主动端（61）集成在所述输入轴上，其从动端（62）集成在所述辅助电机的转子上且亦与发动机直接连接。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，其特征在于：所述耦合装置（6）或为锥环式同步器，或为狗齿同步器。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，其特征在于：所述辅助电机（5）和驱动电机（7）均为短轴距的扁平电机。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高速自脱功能的混动变速器，其特征在于：所述低速中间轴（2）上固设有一驻车棘轮（22）。
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