CN110981184A - Production device and production method of centrifugal blowing and pulping integrated superfine glass fiber cotton - Google Patents
Production device and production method of centrifugal blowing and pulping integrated superfine glass fiber cotton Download PDFInfo
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- CN110981184A CN110981184A CN201911165751.8A CN201911165751A CN110981184A CN 110981184 A CN110981184 A CN 110981184A CN 201911165751 A CN201911165751 A CN 201911165751A CN 110981184 A CN110981184 A CN 110981184A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/06—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by blasting or blowing molten glass, e.g. for making staple fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/10—Non-chemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/10—Non-chemical treatment
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of glass fiber cotton preparation, and relates to a production device and a production method of centrifugal blowing and pulping integrated superfine glass fiber cotton. The production device comprises a softening blowing cavity, a defibering cavity and a buffer cavity which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a power system for driving and controlling equipment in the cavities and an instrument device for automatic control. The invention utilizes the device to realize the centrifugal blowing and pulping integrated production method of the superfine glass fiber cotton. The production equipment can realize drawing of superfine glass fiber cotton of 4 microns or less by a centrifugal blowing method through softening and mechanical defibering of centrifugal fibers, and more importantly, effectively solves the problem of fiber defibering unevenness caused by flocculation and winding of fibers caused by the traditional process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of glass fiber cotton preparation, and relates to a production device and a production method of centrifugal blowing and pulping integrated superfine glass fiber cotton.
Background
In the production of the superfine glass fiber cotton, glass clinker is mainly used as a raw material and is produced and prepared by a flame injection process technology. Compared with industrial heat-insulating glass fiber cotton, the superfine glass fiber cotton has lower heat conductivity and smaller volume weight, but is mainly used in the fields of low-temperature refrigeration, biomedicine, precision manufacturing and aerospace due to large energy consumption and high production cost.
In the prior art and process, blowing drawing of the raw fiber and beating forming of the fiber cotton are performed independently in the production space. The raw cotton production mainly comprises the production procedures of raw material proportioning and mixing, kiln melting and clarifying, glass liquid material channel cooling and homogenizing, bushing primary fiber forming, centrifugal secondary blowing fiber forming, material channel negative pressure water removal and cotton collection, drying and solidification, raw cotton pressurization and packaging and the like. And then, the finished product of the heat insulation plate is processed by the procedures of raw cotton dispersion, acidification dissolution, mechanical shearing, mixing, dilution and pulping, pressure forming, vacuum suction, drying and solidification and the like, and finally products such as a vacuum heat insulation plate or high-efficiency filter paper and the like are produced.
The existing production method of the glass fiber cotton is a centrifugal blowing method and a flame blowing method, wherein the centrifugal blowing method is mainly used for drawing fiber by adopting high-temperature high-speed gas, the production cost is low, but the diameter of the formed fiber is between 5.5 and 12 mu m, and the glass fiber cotton is generally used as an industrial heat-insulating material. And the superfine glass fiber cotton with the diameter of 0.8-4 mu m can only be drawn by adopting a flame blowing method, the method adopts high-temperature and high-speed furnace end flame to carry out secondary forming and drawing of the glass fiber, huge fuel gas energy needs to be consumed, and the production cost of raw cotton is greatly increased.
The main disadvantage of the above processing technology is that the superfine glass fiber cotton is drawn by flame blowing, which causes large consumption of natural gas energy and greatly increases production cost, and at present, the technology mainly focuses on the low price of natural gas energy such as Sichuan and the like. On the other hand, the processes are complex due to the independent space production, dozens of production processes are needed from the raw materials to the final finished product, the raw cotton production and the insulating product need to be subjected to the processes of pressurization, dehydration and curing and drying, the cotton collecting conveying belt and the curing furnace occupy large space and are expensive, the terminal products in the related fields are expensive, and the traditional fields cannot be applied.
In addition, fiber uniformity is a key factor affecting the insulation board, and is determined by the dispersibility of the fibers in mechanical defibering and beating. The raw cotton is subjected to the processes of pressure dehydration, solidification drying, compression packaging and the like, and is highly flocculated, and the raw cotton fibers with different diameters are mutually wound in space. During the dissolving and mechanical defibering processes of the raw cotton, the highly flocculated raw cotton fibers are interwoven and intertwined with each other, and the dispersibility of the slurry is poor. In addition, the glass fiber cotton belongs to inorganic fibers, has strong hydrophobicity, is easy to form clusters and wind in the dissolving and dispersing process, further causes uneven dispersity, and influences the final heat preservation and filtering effect.
The chinese patent application No. 201711169838.3 proposes a method for producing glass-ceramic wool, which provides a glass-ceramic wool, wherein the glass-ceramic wool is a cotton-like material formed by mutually crossing and stacking glass-ceramic fibers, the diameter of the glass-ceramic fibers is 2-10 μm, and the length of the glass-ceramic fibers is 0.1-10 mm. The method adopts the traditional flame blowing method to manufacture the superfine glass fiber cotton, does not solve the huge energy loss caused by flame blowing, and the glass fiber reaches a cotton collecting net after being drawn and formed, is agglomerated after meeting water mist at the inlet of the cotton collecting net and is accumulated on the cotton collecting net, so that the dispersion is uneven when raw cotton is dissolved and pulped in the later period.
The chinese patent No. 201710650111.0 proposes a process for preparing low temperature thermal insulation paper from superfine fiber cotton, the raw cotton drawing of the patent also adopts flame blowing method to make superfine glass cotton, the technical bottleneck of making superfine glass fiber cotton by centrifugal blowing method is not solved, and the making process does not solve the problem of uneven beating dispersion caused by fiber coagulation in the process of fiber mixing beating. Meanwhile, no specific measure for adjusting the slurry conveying amount according to the thickness and the volume weight of the insulating paper is provided when the insulating paper is made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a centrifugal blowing and beating integrated superfine heat-insulating cotton production device, aiming at solving the problems of high energy consumption and high production cost of the traditional flame blowing method and the technical difficulty of higher heat-insulating plate heat conductivity coefficient caused by uneven defibering of raw cotton. The invention also provides a method for preparing the superfine heat-insulating cotton by using the production device, and the defibering slurry prepared by using the preparation method can improve the slurry dispersibility of a wet pulping method. By the preparation method, the integration of centrifugal blowing fiber forming and wet pulping molding of the superfine glass fiber cotton is realized, and the preparation method has the advantages of space saving, excellent uniform dispersibility of the product, zero addition of a binder in the product and the like.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a centrifugal blowing and pulping integrated superfine glass fiber cotton production device, which comprises a softening blowing cavity, a defibering cavity and a buffer cavity, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, as well as a power system for driving and controlling equipment in the cavity and an instrument device for automatic control;
a feeding channel is arranged at the top of the softening and blowing cavity, a softening agent spray head and a compressed air spray head are arranged on the side wall of the softening and blowing cavity, and a discharge port at the bottom of the softening and blowing cavity is communicated with a feed port at the top of the defibering cavity; two dispersing devices rotating in the same direction are arranged in parallel in the dispersing cavity, a flying saucer-shaped centrifuge is arranged in the center of the buffer cavity, the central axes of the two dispersing devices and the central axis of the centrifuge are coplanar, the central axis of the centrifuge is positioned between the central axes of the two dispersing devices, and the distances between the central axes and the centrifuge are equal; the top of the defibering cavity is provided with a water injection port and an acid liquid injection port;
a feed inlet of a centrifugal cylinder of the centrifuge is communicated with a discharge outlet at the bottom of the defibering cavity, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the centrifugal cylinder of the centrifuge; the bottom of the buffer cavity is provided with a pulp outlet.
Furthermore, the softening and blowing cavity comprises a softening cavity and a blowing cavity which are communicated up and down, a softening agent spray head and a compressed air spray head are respectively arranged on the side walls of the upper parts of the softening cavity and the blowing cavity, and the softening agent spray head and the compressed air spray head are respectively annularly and uniformly distributed.
Further, the opening sizes of the top and the bottom of the softening cavity are smaller than the size of the middle part, and the size of the top of the blowing cavity is smaller than the size of the middle part and the size of the bottom.
Further, the vertical distance between the softening agent spray head and the compressed air spray head is 30cm, and 12 softening agent spray heads and 12 compressed air spray heads are uniformly arranged in a 30-degree angle in a ring shape.
Furthermore, the power system comprises a control box and a main shaft, one end of the main shaft is connected with a driving motor, a transmission shaft and a fluffer driving shaft are arranged on two sides of the main shaft, the main shaft drives a centrifuge, and the fluffer driving shaft drives a fluffer;
the fluffer is fixedly connected with the fluffing support shaft, and two ends of the fluffing support shaft are respectively and rotatably connected with the top of the fluffing cavity and the bottom of the buffer cavity through bearings; the fluffing support shaft is coaxial with the fluffer drive shaft, the fluffing support shaft and the fluffer drive shaft are connected through a clutch, and the clutch is electrically connected with the control box;
the main shaft, the transmission shaft and the fluffer driving shaft are respectively sleeved with a main gear, a transmission gear and a fluffer gear, and the main shaft is in meshing transmission with the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft and the fluffer driving shaft through the gears.
Further, the diameters of the main gear and the fluffer gear are the same, the diameter of the transmission gear is larger than that of the main gear, and the transmission gear and the main gear form a gear train with the reduction ratio of 1: 10.
Furthermore, the two ends of the main shaft, the transmission shaft and the fluffer driving shaft are respectively connected to the shell of the production device through end bearings.
Furthermore, the sidewall of the defibering cavity is provided with a liquid level meter and a pH value measuring meter, the upper part of the feeding hole of the centrifuge cylinder is provided with a control valve for controlling materials to pass through, and the liquid level meter, the pH value measuring meter and the control valve are electrically connected with the control box.
The invention also provides a production method of the superfine glass fiber cotton by using the production device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the fine glass fiber cotton which is centrifugally blown for the second time enters a feeding channel in the descending process of the blown fiber, firstly passes through a softening agent spray head in a softening cavity, the softening agent is atomized and then uniformly sprayed on the surface of the fine glass fiber cotton, then the fine glass fiber cotton falls into a blowing cavity, and under the blowing action of high-speed high-pressure air flow, superfine glass fiber cotton is formed;
(2) under the action of gravity, the superfine glass fiber cotton in the step (1) falls into a defibering cavity, water is injected into the defibering cavity and acid is added to reach a preset value, and the defibering device cuts, crushes and pulpes the fine glass fiber cotton uniformly dispersed in the suspension to obtain fiber slurry;
(3) controlling the fiber pulp to enter a centrifuge for centrifugal filtration according to the liquid level and the pH value of the fiber pulp in the defibering cavity, enabling the pulp to enter a buffer cavity for homogenization and buffering through a through hole on the side wall of the centrifuge under the action of centrifugal force, discharging the homogenized and buffered pulp through a pulp outlet to obtain the product with the specific surface area of 0.75-2.05m2Fiber size per gram.
Specifically, the rotating speed of the fluffer in the step (2) is 1500-2500 r/min, the pH of the fiber slurry is 2.3-3.0, the mass percent of the cellucotton in the slurry is 0.15-0.25%, and the volume fraction of the sediment in the slurry is 0.75-0.95.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device of the invention softens the centrifugal cellucotton and carries out the third time of blowing and drawing to prepare the superfine cellucotton, the fiber diameter range reaches 2.8-4 mu m, the technical bottlenecks that the traditional centrifugal blowing method can not meet the requirement of the diameter of the superfine cellucotton and the energy consumption of the flame blowing method is too high are solved, and the production of drawing the superfine glass cellucotton below 4 mu m by adopting the centrifugal blowing method is realized;
(2) the device drives through many gear drive system, has realized that two fluffers carry out high-speed mechanical fluffing simultaneously for thick liquids are more dispersed, and fluffing is more high-efficient.
(2) The production device integrates the traditional processes of fiber softening and drawing, fiber defibering, centrifugal filter residue, fiber dilution and the like, a set of cotton collecting and curing and drying procedures are omitted, the production is simplified, and the production investment is reduced;
(3) the mechanical defibering process of the fiber in the manufacturing method directly carries out mechanical cutting and crushing on loose fiber cotton which is not collected after the third blowing and drawing, effectively avoids the nonuniform defibering caused by mutual winding of fiber raw materials, further improves the uniform dispersibility of fiber slurry, and effectively overcomes the defects of poor heat insulation effect and the like caused by nonuniform fiber agglomeration.
(4) The invention realizes the integration of the superfine glass fiber cotton and the product wet manufacturing process, greatly improves the production efficiency, greatly saves the production space and realizes the centralized and efficient production of the product.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal blowing and beating integrated ultrafine glass fiber cotton production apparatus according to embodiment 1;
the respective symbols in the figure are as follows: the device comprises a feeding channel 1, a softening agent spray head 2, a softening cavity 201, a compressed air spray head 3, a blowing cavity 301, a water injection port 4, an acid liquor injection port 5, a liquid level meter 6, a fluffer 7, a fluffing cavity 8, a centrifuge 9, a control valve 10, a buffer cavity 11, a pulp outlet 12, a fluffer gear 13, a transmission gear 14, a main gear 15, a main shaft 16, a transmission shaft 17, a fluffing driving shaft 18, a fluffing supporting shaft 19, an end bearing 20, a control box 21 and a softening and blowing cavity 22.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the specific techniques or conditions are not indicated in the examples, and the techniques or conditions are described in the literature in the field or according to the product specification; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
The production device of the invention softens the centrifugal glass fiber, sprays and stretches for the third time, mechanically fluffs the fiber, dilutes the slurry, centrifugally removes the slag and the like in the production process of integrally producing the superfine glass fiber cotton, and the outlet of the production device is directly connected with the slurry storage pool.
In order to avoid repetition, the production device of the centrifugal blowing and beating integrated ultrafine glass fiber cotton related to the present embodiment is uniformly described as follows, and is not described in detail in the specific embodiment:
as shown in figure 1, the production device comprises a softening and blowing cavity 22, a defibering cavity 8 and a buffer cavity 11 which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, as well as a power system for driving and controlling equipment in the cavities and an instrument device for automatic control.
Softening jetting chamber top is provided with feedstock channel 1, softens jetting chamber and includes the softening chamber 201 and the jetting chamber 301 of upper and lower intercommunication, and softener shower nozzle 2 and compressed gas shower nozzle 3 set up respectively in softening chamber and jetting chamber upper portion lateral wall, and the vertical distance between softener shower nozzle and the compressed gas shower nozzle is 30cm, and softener shower nozzle and compressed gas shower nozzle all become 30 angle ring shape and evenly arrange 12. The compressed gas may be from a source of air at the blow centrifuge. The opening sizes of the top and the bottom of the softening cavity are smaller than the size of the middle part, and the size of the top of the blowing cavity is smaller than the size of the middle part and the size of the bottom.
The discharge hole at the bottom of the softening and blowing cavity is communicated with the feed inlet at the top of the defibering cavity, and the fine glass fiber cotton which is blown and stretched for the second time is softened and further reduced in diameter to meet the diameter requirement of the superfine glass fiber cotton and then falls into the defibering cavity.
Two fluffers 7 rotating in the same direction are arranged in parallel in the fluffing cavity.
The central axes of the two dredging devices and the central axis of the centrifuge are coplanar, the central axis of the centrifuge is positioned between the central axes of the two dredging devices, and the distances between the central axes of the two dredging devices and the central axis of the centrifuge are equal.
The top of the defibering cavity is provided with a water injection port 4 and an acid liquor injection port 5. The water added into the water filling port can also recycle the water filtered by paper making in the slurry storage tank to dissolve and dilute the slurry. And the pH value of the slurry is adjusted by the acid reagent from an acid liquor injection port. The sidewall of the defibering cavity is provided with a liquid level meter 6 and a pH value measuring meter for displaying the liquid level and the pH value of the slurry in the current cavity. The liquid level meter and the pH value measuring meter are electrically connected with the control box 21.
The center of the buffer cavity is provided with a flying saucer-shaped centrifuge 9, and a feed inlet of a centrifuge cylinder is communicated with a discharge outlet at the bottom of the defibering cavity. The side wall of a centrifugal cylinder of the centrifuge is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the slurry enters the buffer cavity through the small holes on the side wall of the centrifuge to be homogenized and buffered under the action of centrifugal force. The upper part of a feed inlet of the centrifuge cylinder of the centrifuge is provided with a control valve 10 for controlling materials to pass through, the control valve is electrically connected with a control box, and the diluted slurry is controlled to enter the centrifuge for centrifugal filtration according to the liquid level of the liquid level meter. The lower inclined surface of the centrifuge is provided with a hole, and a sealing door is arranged on the hole, so that the hole is conveniently opened for removing slag.
The centrifuge is driven by a spindle 16 connected to a drive motor, which spindle is supported and connected to the housing of the entire production plant by means of two end bearings 20. The bottom of the buffer cavity is provided with a pulp outlet 12 which is the final outlet of the production device and is connected to the feed inlet of the pulp storage tank.
The power system comprises the control box and a main shaft, wherein the control box is used for arranging a valve control button, a clutch control button, a motor starting button and the like. The control box receives signals of the liquid level meter and the pH value measuring meter, and the control valve, the driving motor and the clutch are all common means in the prior art.
The transmission shaft 17 and the fluffer driving shaft 18 are arranged on both sides of the main shaft, the main gear 15, the transmission gear 14 and the fluffer gear 13 are respectively sleeved on the main shaft, the transmission shaft and the fluffer driving shaft, and the main shaft is in meshing transmission with the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft and the fluffer driving shaft through the gears. The two ends of the transmission shaft and the driving shaft of the fluffer are also connected to the shell through end bearings respectively. The main gear is directly driven by a variable frequency motor with the rotating speed of 1500-2500, and drives the centrifuge to rotate at the same rotating speed.
The diameters of the main gear and the fluffer gear are the same, the diameter of the transmission gear is larger than that of the main gear, and the transmission gear and the main gear form a gear train with the reduction ratio of 1: 10. The transmission gear transmits the torque from the main shaft to the fluffer driving shaft on one hand, and increases the distance between the main shaft and the fluffer driving shaft on the other hand, thereby finally achieving the purpose of increasing the diameter of the fluffer. The fluffer gear is a pinion with the same diameter as the main gear, and can obtain higher rotating speed after being driven and accelerated by the transmission gear, so that fluffing and shearing are more efficient, and slurry is more uniformly dispersed.
The fluffer is connected with the top of the fluffing cavity and the bottom of the buffer cavity through a fluffing support shaft 19 and is driven to rotate by the fluffing drive shaft from the lower part through acceleration. The fluffer is fixedly connected with the fluffing support shaft, and two ends of the fluffing support shaft are respectively and rotatably connected with the shell of the production device through bearings. The fluffing support shaft is coaxial with the fluffing device drive shaft, the fluffing support shaft and the fluffing device drive shaft are connected through a clutch, and the clutch is electrically connected with the control box. The clutch is controlled through a button in the control box, when slurry is defibered and diluted, the clutch is closed, the defibering driving shaft drives the defibering device to rotate for mechanical shearing, after defibering is completed, the clutch is separated, the defibering device stops rotating, and the slurry enters the buffer cavity for clutch and filter residue.
Example 1
(1) The raw material formulation is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 example 1 raw material ratio
The glass raw materials are conveyed to a mixer by a spiral conveyor through material cabins according to the proportioning of the components to be mixed, and the proportioned materials which are fully and uniformly mixed are conveyed to a material cabin in front of a kiln by a belt conveyor.
(2) Melting and homogenizing in kiln
The proportioning materials are put into a kiln through an automatic feeding machine. After the proportioned material is fed into a kiln, the proportioned material undergoes high temperature stages of 810-1100 ℃, 1100-1300 ℃ and 1300-1390 ℃, and is finally melted into transparent glass liquid from solid granular raw materials through sintering reaction.
(3) Material channel cooling
After the clarified glass liquid is cooled in each material channel area, the temperature is reduced from initial 1250 ℃ to 1075 ℃ to reach the one-step forming temperature of the micro glass fiber, and the glass liquid uniformly flows to a bushing in each material channel area.
(4) The fiber is formed into fiber in one step
And forming a preset glass liquid stream through the leakage plate, uniformly feeding the glass liquid into a blowing centrifugal machine rotating at a high speed, wherein the rotating speed of the blowing centrifugal machine is 2800r/min, and under the action of centrifugal force, throwing a primary fiber stream with the diameter of 15 mu m from thousands of micropores around the blowing centrifugal machine.
(5) Centrifugal blowing secondary fiber forming
High-speed high-pressure gas nozzles are annularly arranged at 360 degrees around the pore of the injection centrifuge, and the fine glass liquid strands thrown out at high speed form fine glass fiber cotton with fixed length and diameter of 5.5-7 mu m under the injection action of high-speed high-pressure air flow.
(6) Softening and tertiary forming of fibres
After the glass fiber cotton is subjected to injection drawing molding to form fine glass fiber cotton, in the fiber forming descending process of secondary injection, the fine glass fiber cotton passes through a softener spray head through a feeding channel, the softener is atomized and then uniformly sprayed on the surface of secondary fibers, a compressed air annular spray head is arranged at a position 30cm below the softener spray head, and the compressed air comes from an air source at a centrifugal machine. 12 softening agent spray heads and 12 compressed air spray heads are uniformly arranged in a ring shape at an angle of 30 degrees. The softener is polyethylene oxide (PEO), the addition amount of the softener is 0.04 percent (based on the mass of the fine glass fiber cotton is 100 percent), and the diameter specification of the superfine glass fiber cotton after three-time drawing is 2.8-4 mu m.
The glass fiber cotton is in a highly loose and dispersed state without any pressurizing and forming process, the spraying of the softening agent is more uniform, and the uneven later-stage beating dispersion caused by the mutual winding of the fibers can be effectively avoided.
(7) Defibering and dispersing
And (3) allowing the superfine glass fiber cotton to fall to a defibering cavity, injecting water into the defibering cavity, adding acid, and cutting, crushing and pulping the superfine glass fiber cotton uniformly dispersed in the suspension in a defibering device at the rotating speed of 1500-2500 r/min after the superfine glass fiber cotton reaches a preset value. The PH value of the slurry is 2.5, and when the concentration of the slurry is 0.15%, the volume fraction of sediments of the slurry is about 0.75-0.95.
The beating degree is set to be 29-49 degrees SR according to different product requirements, the fiber pulp is controlled to enter a centrifuge for centrifugal filtration according to the liquid level and the pH value of the fiber pulp in a defibering cavity, the fiber pulp enters a buffer cavity for homogenization and buffering through a through hole on the side wall of the centrifuge under the action of centrifugal force, the homogenized and buffered pulp is discharged through a pulp outlet, and the obtained specific surface area is 0.75-2.05m2Fiber size per gram. And (3) placing the defibered and uniform fiber pulp into a pulp storage tank through a pulp outlet, adding water for dilution, and dynamically and uniformly stirring to prevent the pulp from settling due to standing.
(8) Centrifugal filtering residue
And (4) feeding the pulped, diluted and homogenized pulp into a centrifuge from a feed inlet above the centrifuge, and filtering residues to obtain the final uniform and stable pulp.
(9) Papermaking with water filtration
According to the inclination angle of adjusting thick liquids shaping conveyer belt, and then change the size of thick liquids conveying capacity, can realize the thickness. A plurality of rotary rollers are arranged above the mesh-shaped conveyor belt and used for pressing, filtering and papermaking forming of the slurry.
(10) Solidifying, drying and forming
And conveying the pressed and formed fiber board to a curing furnace, drying and curing the fiber board in the curing furnace at 220 ℃ to finally prepare a terminal product with a fixed width. After the final product is finally molded from the curing oven, the final product can be longitudinally cut and transversely cut into fiber boards, fiber paper and strip fiber products according to actual requirements.
Example 2
(1) The raw material formulation is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 example 2 raw material ratio
Conveying the glass raw materials to a mixing machine through a spiral material conveying machine for each material cabin according to the proportioning amount of each component, and conveying the proportioned materials which are fully and uniformly mixed into a material cabin in front of a kiln through a belt conveyor;
(2) melting and homogenizing in kiln
The proportioning materials are put into a kiln through an automatic feeding machine. After the proportioned material is fed into a kiln, the proportioned material undergoes high temperature stages of 810-1100 ℃, 1100-1300 ℃ and 1300-1390 ℃, and is finally melted into transparent glass liquid from solid granular raw materials through sintering reaction.
(3) Material channel cooling
The clarified glass liquid is reduced from the initial temperature of about 1250 ℃ to 1075 ℃ through each material channel area and flows to a bushing of each material channel area uniformly.
(4) The fiber is formed into fiber in one step
And forming a preset glass liquid flow by the glass liquid through the drain plate, feeding the glass liquid into a centrifuge at a constant speed, rotating the centrifuge at 3000r/min, and throwing a primary fiber flow out of the glass liquid through thousands of micropores around the centrifuge under the action of centrifugal force.
(5) Centrifugal blowing secondary fiber forming
High-speed high-pressure gas nozzles are annularly arranged at 360 degrees around the pore of the centrifuge, and the fine glass liquid strands thrown out at high speed form the fine glass fiber cotton with the fixed length and the diameter of 5.5-7 mu m under the blowing action of high-speed high-pressure gas flow.
(6) Softening and tertiary forming of fibres
After the glass fiber cotton is subjected to injection drawing molding to form fine glass fiber cotton, in the fiber forming descending process of secondary injection, the fine glass fiber cotton passes through a softener spray head through a feeding channel, the softener is atomized and then uniformly sprayed on the surface of secondary fibers, a compressed air annular spray head is arranged at a position 30cm below the softener spray head, and the compressed air comes from an air source at a centrifugal machine. 12 softening agent spray heads and 12 compressed air spray heads are uniformly arranged in a ring shape at an angle of 30 degrees. The softener is PEO, the addition amount of the softener is 0.05 percent (by the mass of the fine glass fiber cotton is 100 percent), and the diameter specification of the superfine glass fiber cotton after three-time drawing is 2.8-4 mu m.
The glass fiber cotton is in a highly loose and dispersed state without any pressurizing and forming process, the spraying of the softening agent is more uniform, and the uneven later-stage beating dispersion caused by the mutual winding of the fibers can be effectively avoided.
(7) Defibering and dispersing
And the superfine glass fiber cotton falls to a defibering cavity, water is injected into the defibering cavity and acid is added into the defibering cavity, and the superfine glass fiber cotton uniformly dispersed in the suspension is cut, crushed and pulped in a defibering device at the rotating speed of 2500 r/min. The PH value of the slurry is 3.0, and when the concentration of the slurry is 0.25%, the volume fraction of sediments of the slurry is about 0.75-0.95.
The beating degree is set to be 29-49 degrees SR according to different product requirements, the fiber pulp is controlled to enter a centrifuge for centrifugal filtration according to the liquid level and the pH value of the fiber pulp in a defibering cavity, the fiber pulp enters a buffer cavity for homogenization and buffering through a through hole on the side wall of the centrifuge under the action of centrifugal force, the homogenized and buffered pulp is discharged through a pulp outlet, and the obtained specific surface area is 0.75-2.05m2Fiber size per gram. And (3) placing the defibered and uniform fiber pulp into a pulp storage tank through a pulp outlet, adding water for dilution, and dynamically and uniformly stirring to prevent the pulp from settling due to standing.
(8) Centrifugal filtering residue
And (4) feeding the pulped, diluted and homogenized pulp into a centrifuge from a feed inlet above the centrifuge, and filtering residues to obtain the final uniform and stable pulp.
(9) Papermaking with water filtration
According to the inclination angle of the slurry forming conveyor belt, the slurry conveying amount is changed, and a plurality of rotating rollers are arranged above the mesh conveyor belt and used for performing pressurized water filtration, papermaking and forming on the slurry.
(10) Solidifying, drying and forming
And conveying the pressed and formed fiber board to a curing furnace, drying and curing the fiber board in the curing furnace at 220 ℃ to finally prepare a terminal product with a fixed width. After the final product is finally molded from the curing oven, the final product can be longitudinally cut and transversely cut into fiber boards, fiber paper and strip fiber products according to actual requirements.
It should be understood that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some technical features may be substituted. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A centrifugal blowing and beating integrated superfine glass fiber cotton production device is characterized by comprising a softening blowing cavity (22), a defibering cavity (8) and a buffer cavity (11) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a power system for driving and controlling equipment in the cavity and an instrument device for automatic control;
a feeding channel (1) is arranged at the top of the softening and blowing cavity (22), a softening agent spray head (2) and a compressed air spray head (3) are arranged on the side wall of the softening and blowing cavity (22), and a discharge hole at the bottom of the softening and blowing cavity (22) is communicated with a feed hole at the top of the defibering cavity (8); two dispersing devices (7) rotating in the same direction are arranged in parallel in the dispersing cavity (8), a flying saucer-shaped centrifuge (9) is arranged at the center of the buffer cavity (11), the central axes of the two dispersing devices (7) and the central axis of the centrifuge (9) are coplanar, the central axis of the centrifuge (9) is positioned between the central axes of the two dispersing devices (7), and the distances between the central axes and the centrifuge (9) are equal; the top of the defibering cavity (8) is provided with a water injection port (4) and an acid liquor injection port (5);
a feed inlet of a centrifugal cylinder of the centrifuge (9) is communicated with a discharge outlet at the bottom of the defibering cavity (8), and a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the centrifugal cylinder of the centrifuge (9); the bottom of the buffer cavity (11) is provided with a pulp outlet (12).
2. The production device according to claim 1, wherein the softening blowing cavity (22) comprises a softening cavity (201) and a blowing cavity (301) which are communicated up and down, the softening agent spray heads (2) and the compressed air spray heads (3) are respectively arranged on the upper side walls of the softening cavity (201) and the blowing cavity (301), and the softening agent spray heads (2) and the compressed air spray heads (3) are respectively and uniformly arranged in a ring shape.
3. The production device according to claim 2, characterized in that the top and bottom of the softening chamber (201) have an opening size smaller than the middle and the blowing chamber (301) has a top size smaller than the middle and bottom.
4. The production device according to claim 2, wherein the vertical distance between the softener spray head (2) and the compressed air spray head (3) is 30cm, and 12 softener spray heads (2) and 12 compressed air spray heads (3) are uniformly arranged in a ring shape at an angle of 30 °.
5. The production device according to claim 2, wherein the power system comprises a control box (21) and a main shaft (16) with one end connected with a driving motor, a transmission shaft (17) and a fluffer driving shaft (18) are arranged on both sides of the main shaft (16), the main shaft (16) drives the centrifuge (9), and the fluffer driving shaft (18) drives the fluffer (7);
the fluffer (7) is fixedly connected with the fluffing support shaft (19), and two ends of the fluffing support shaft (19) are respectively and rotatably connected with the top of the fluffing cavity (8) and the bottom of the buffer cavity (11) through bearings; the fluffing support shaft (19) is coaxial with the fluffing device drive shaft (18), the fluffing support shaft and the fluffing device drive shaft are connected through a clutch, and the clutch is electrically connected with the control box (21);
a main gear (15), a transmission gear (14) and a fluffer gear (13) are respectively sleeved on the main shaft (16), the transmission shaft (17) and the fluffer driving shaft (18), and the main shaft (16) is in meshing transmission with the transmission shaft (17), the transmission shaft (17) and the fluffer driving shaft (18) through gears.
6. A production device according to claim 5, characterized in that the main gear (15) and the fluffer gear (13) have the same diameter, the transmission gear (14) has a larger diameter than the main gear (15), and the transmission gear (14) and the main gear (15) constitute a gear train with a reduction ratio of 1: 10.
7. A production device according to claim 5, characterized in that the main shaft (16), the transmission shaft (17) and the fluffer drive shaft (18) are connected at their two ends to the housing of the production device by means of end bearings (20), respectively.
8. The production device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the sidewall of the disintegration chamber (8) is provided with a liquid level meter (6) and a pH value meter, the upper part of the feeding hole of the centrifuge cylinder of the centrifuge (9) is provided with a control valve (10) for controlling the material to pass through, and the liquid level meter (6), the pH value meter and the control valve (10) are electrically connected with the control box (21).
9. A method for producing ultrafine glass fiber wool using the production apparatus of claim 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) the fine glass fiber cotton which is centrifugally blown for the second time enters a feeding channel in the descending process of the blown fiber, firstly passes through a softening agent spray head in a softening cavity, the softening agent is atomized and then uniformly sprayed on the surface of the fine glass fiber cotton, then the fine glass fiber cotton falls into a blowing cavity, and under the blowing action of high-speed high-pressure air flow, superfine glass fiber cotton is formed;
(2) under the action of gravity, the superfine glass fiber cotton in the step (1) falls into a defibering cavity, water is injected into the defibering cavity and acid is added to reach a preset value, and the defibering device cuts, crushes and pulpes the fine glass fiber cotton uniformly dispersed in the suspension to obtain fiber slurry;
(3) controlling the fiber pulp to enter a centrifuge for centrifugal filtration according to the liquid level and the pH value of the fiber pulp in the defibering cavity, enabling the pulp to enter a buffer cavity for homogenization and buffering through a through hole on the side wall of the centrifuge under the action of centrifugal force, discharging the homogenized and buffered pulp through a pulp outlet to obtain the product with the specific surface area of 0.75-2.05m2Fiber size per gram.
10. The production method according to claim 9, wherein the rotational speed of the fluffer in the step (2) is 1500-2500 r/min, the pH of the fiber slurry is 2.3-3.0, the mass percent of the cellucotton in the slurry is 0.15-0.25%, and the volume fraction of the sediment in the slurry is 0.75-0.95.
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