CN110984989B - Mining method of steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body - Google Patents
Mining method of steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN110984989B CN110984989B CN201911134969.7A CN201911134969A CN110984989B CN 110984989 B CN110984989 B CN 110984989B CN 201911134969 A CN201911134969 A CN 201911134969A CN 110984989 B CN110984989 B CN 110984989B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mining method of a steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body, which belongs to the technical field of underground mining and comprises the steps of ore block dividing, mining engineering, rock drilling and ore removal and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground mining, and particularly relates to a mining method of a steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body.
Background
In western regions of China, a metal mine belongs to a steep medium-thickness ore bed, the wall rock property on an ore body is weaker than the wall rock property under the ore body, the surrounding rock stability is better, and for the ore deposit, the requirements of various mining technical conditions such as ore removal efficiency, dilution loss rate and the like are difficult to meet in the traditional mining aspect. The depletion loss rate of the stope is high when the traditional open stope method is used for mining, and the mining efficiency is low. When mining by the caving method, the collapse area is seriously damaged in a plurality of natural protection areas on the earth surface. When the traditional filling method is used, the technical and economic indexes are low and the profit is low due to the filling cost and the mine scale. The invention provides a mining method of a steeply inclined medium-thick ore body, which aims to solve the problems of low recovery rate and low mining efficiency of the traditional open stope method and enrich the mining method of the medium-thick ore body in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a mining method for the steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body, which can realize the efficient recovery of resources, has low stoping cost, advanced technology, safety and reliability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the mining method of the steeply inclined medium thick ore body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
As a further improvement of the invention, the step 4 of stoping and filling the chamber after ore removal: the stope is stoped by adopting a mode of stoping from the upper tray to the lower tray, and the stope after stoping can be filled by adopting a full tailings cemented filling mode.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
1. The invention optimizes the bottom pillar and the support of the traditional mining method, increases the stress area of the top plate of the upper disc, changes the top bottom into the vertical upper disc and the vertical lower disc, is more favorable for stress transmission, greatly reduces the mining loss rate while improving the stability of the optimized top pillar and bottom pillar structures, greatly improves the non-ferrous metal recovery rate and the resource utilization rate, and has obvious economic benefit.
2. The invention has the advantages of high safety performance of route-entering type mining, high mechanization degree of mining process, large production capacity and the like, and simultaneously, the subsequent filling can be considered to ensure the safety of the earth surface.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to its proper form. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view B-B of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a top view of C-C of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-a vein-following transport lane, 2-a chute, 3-a personnel material communication well, 4-a sectional communication channel, 5-a ore removal communication channel, 6-an ore removal route, 7-a bottom-pulling trench rock drilling channel, 8-a bottom-pulling cutting raise, 9-a sectional rock drilling channel, 10-a cutting raise, 11-a cutting cross lane, 12-a panel wall column, 13-a top column, 14-an air return channel and 15-a bottom column.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example one
Taking a copper ore in a certain area of Yunnan as an example, the average inclination angle of the copper ore body is 55 degrees, the thickness of the middle part of the ore bed is about 20-50m on average, the continuity is better, the coefficient f of the ore body is larger, the stability is better, the lithology of the upper surrounding rock on the ore body is weaker than that of the lower surrounding rock of the ore body, and as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the mining method of the steeply inclined middle-thick ore body comprises the following specific steps:
The traditional method has the advantages that the size of the top pillar and the size of the bottom pillar are large, and the mining loss rate is high. After the method is adopted, the middle section is completely subjected to the extraction process, the recovery of the top column and the bottom column is good, the problems of difficult extraction and low recovery rate of the top column and the bottom column are well solved, the recovery rate of the top column and the bottom column of the ore body reaches over 70 percent, about 50 ten thousand tons of copper ore with the recovery grade of 2.3 percent is recovered in total, and the economic benefit is about 5000 ten thousand yuan.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The mining method of the steeply inclined medium thick ore body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, dividing ore blocks: dividing an ore body into ore blocks along the trend of the ore body, arranging an inclined special-shaped top pillar (13) and a bottom pillar (15) according to the lithology of surrounding rocks on the upper wall and on the lower wall of the ore body, determining the thickness of the top pillar (13) and the thickness of the bottom pillar (15) according to stress conditions and the yield strength of the ore pillar, and comprehensively determining the contact surface of the top pillar (13) and the bottom pillar (15) according to the lithology of the upper wall, bearing stress and strength; meanwhile, 5-10m of panel area wall columns (12) are reserved between the panel areas and used for enhancing the mining stability of the panel areas;
step 2, mining engineering: tunneling a vein-following transportation roadway (1) on the lower plate of an ore body, excavating an ore-drawing chute (2), a personnel material communication well (3) and a subsection communication channel (4) at the end part of an ore block, excavating an ore-drawing communication channel (5) from the personnel material communication well, excavating an ore-drawing approach (6) from the ore-drawing communication channel to the ore body, excavating a trench-bottom drilling channel (7) along the trend of the ore body, excavating a trench-bottom-drawing cutting raise (8) upwards at intervals of 10-15m, excavating a subsection rock-drawing channel (9) from the subsection communication channel (4) after blasting to form a bottom-drawing space, excavating a cutting raise (10) and a cutting cross drift (11) upwards, and reaching each subsection so as to drill blast holes and charge, excavating an air return channel (14) communicated with the upper middle section at the end part of the personnel material communication well (3);
step 3, rock drilling and ore removal: and (3) backward mining is carried out by the ore body hanging wall, upward fan-shaped blast holes are drilled from the inside of each subsection rock drilling ore removal gallery and the inside of the trench gallery to the inside of the subsection ore room, the upward fan-shaped blast holes are blasted, and the ore of the caving ore room falls into a bottom ore removal route through a goaf of the ore room and is transported to a drop shaft port by a scraper.
2. A method of mining a steeply dipping moderately thick ore body according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 is: dividing ore blocks, when the thickness of the ore body is less than 20m, dividing the ore body into the ore blocks along the direction of the ore body, wherein the height of the ore blocks is 50-80m, the width of the ore blocks is 50-80m, and when the thickness of the ore body is more than 20m, the ore blocks can be divided in a mode of being vertical to the direction of the ore body; dividing and segmenting the ore blocks, wherein the segmentation height is 10-15 m; the method comprises the steps that an inclined special-shaped top pillar (13) and a bottom pillar (15) are arranged according to the lithology of surrounding rocks on the upper wall and the lower wall of an ore body, the thickness of the top pillar (13) and the thickness of the bottom pillar (15) are determined according to stress conditions and the yield strength of the ore pillar, and a contact surface is comprehensively determined according to the lithology of the upper wall, bearing stress and strength; meanwhile, 5-10m of panel wall columns (12) are reserved between the panels and used for enhancing the mining stability of the panels.
3. A method of mining a steeply dipping moderately thick ore body according to claim 1, further comprising the step of 4: the stope is stoped by adopting a mode of stoping from the upper tray to the lower tray, and the stope after stoping can be filled by adopting a full tailings cemented filling mode.
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| CN110985114A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 中国黄金集团石湖矿业有限公司 | Downward parallel medium-length hole segmented filling mining method for steeply inclined medium-thickness difficult-to-mine ore body |
| CN111550246B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-10-01 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | Novel caving mining method for steeply-inclined crushed ultra-thick stone coal type vanadium ore |
| CN111894584B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2021-06-29 | 中南大学 | Cemented filling mining method for fully-pseudo-arranged reserved roadway of slowly-inclined thin ore body |
| CN114427462B (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-11-11 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | Medium-length hole ore-matching type mining method for steep thin ore vein |
| CN117722181B (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-04-26 | 贵州息烽磷矿有限责任公司 | Method and system for mining steep-inclined thick and large ore body protection column |
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| CN1260460C (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2006-06-21 | 中南大学 | Continuous mining process with deep hole dropping and top-bottom pillars mining in advance |
| CN102182461A (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-09-14 | 山东黄金矿业（玲珑）有限公司 | Efficient mining method for thick metal ore body in slanting |
| CN104018836B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-05-18 | 中南大学 | A kind of point mining method that has false top rake middle thickness orebody built on the sand |
| CN105041317A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-11 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Medium-length hole shrinkage stoping method |
| CN105927226A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-07 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Medium-length hole ore-breaking continuous sectional horizontal filling mining method |
| CN108049870B (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-03-29 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | The induction caving mining methods of high-dipping middle thickness orebody of the upper disk containing unstable rock stratum |
| CN108612530B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-06-12 | 中南大学 | Mining method for hanging wall surrounding rock crushing inclined medium-thickness ore body |
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