CN1109510A - Oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology - Google Patents
Oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN1109510A CN1109510A CN94103124A CN94103124A CN1109510A CN 1109510 A CN1109510 A CN 1109510A CN 94103124 A CN94103124 A CN 94103124A CN 94103124 A CN94103124 A CN 94103124A CN 1109510 A CN1109510 A CN 1109510A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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Abstract
The direct reduction technology includes such euipments as oxygen station, gas generator, pressure change CO2 adsorption device and reduction furnaces. The characteristic is as follows: the reducing gas is prepared from coal (or coke) oxygen and CO2. Reduced tail gas, after pressure change and CO2 adsorption, is reused cyclically, or after dust removing, is reused for electricity generation; there are more than four reduction furnaces, they are arranged in cyclic operation. It is used for producing reduced iron and features low energy consumption, less pollution, less investment, simple construction of the reduction furnace, reliable production, it uses coal or coke instead of natural gas.
Description
The present invention belongs to the direct reduction technique of ironmaking field, is that ferruginous lump ore of a kind of usefulness or oxidizing roasting pellet or cold-consolidated ball nodulizing are raw material, and the CO that generates with coal (or burnt) oxidation is a reductive agent, produces the novel process of direct-reduced iron.
Direct-reduced iron is mainly used in Electric furnace steel making.Along with developing rapidly of the short flow process of steel scrap-electric furnace, the shortage of steel scrap resource, direct-reduced iron has become hot-sale commodities in great demand.External at present directly reductive technology is a lot, gets up can be divided into coal-based gentle basic two big classes but conclude.Whole world direct-reduced iron in 1992 and hot wafering ultimate production are 2,070 ten thousand tons, and wherein the output of gas base is 1,900 ten thousand tons, accounts for 92% of ultimate production; Coal-based output is 1,700,000 tons, accounts for 8% of ultimate production.The gas base is representative with Midrex method and HYL method, and coal-based is representative with the kiln process.China does not also have an industrialness to produce the producer of direct-reduced iron so far, and several families under preparation are coal-based rotary kiln methods.
The reducing gas that Midrex method and HYL method are used is produced by the Sweet natural gas cracking, and this method one is the restriction that is subjected to resource and region, and the 2nd, because Sweet natural gas is an important chemical material.Sweet natural gas is used for direct reduction, and its utilization ratio preferably also has only 65%, then can reach 95% in petrochemical industry.Therefore, even in the abundant area of natural gas source, neither unconditionally it preferentially be used as fuel and reductive agent.The reduction waste gas of Midrex method and the inconvenience of cooling exhaust sensible heat are reclaimed, and have generally all lost in gas washing; It produces the Sweet natural gas of 1 ton of direct-reduced iron consumption 428.6kg mark coal and the electricity of 120kwh, and total energy consumption is a 477kg mark coal.HYL method reduction tail gas contains a large amount of H
2O could be used as fuel after reduction tail gas needs chilling to dewater or reheat is done the prereduction agent, so energy consumption is higher, the Sweet natural gas of direct-reduced iron consumption 571kg mark coal per ton and the electricity of 48kwh, and total energy consumption is a 590kg mark coal.
The kiln process rotating machinery is huge, and investment is big, is difficult to operation, the bad recovery of the sensible heat of flue gas and direct-reduced iron, so energy consumption is higher, and level direct-reduced iron per ton also will consume the electricity of 687kg mark coal and 163.3kwh preferably, and total energy consumption is a 753kg mark coal.Rotary kiln also has a large amount of waste gas to discharge contaminate environment.
Purpose of the present invention:
The one, without Sweet natural gas, and with the abundant coal of China's reserves (or burnt);
The 2nd, make full use of the energy, strive for reaching best energy consumption;
The 3rd, alleviate pollution as much as possible to environment;
The 4th, production operation is easy to be reliable.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: described oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology mainly takes off CO by oxygen station (1), Gas-making Furnace (2), fly-ash separator (3), suction sulphur tower (4), thick dedusting (5), smart dedusting (6), transformation absorption
2(7), (seeing accompanying drawing 1) formed in gas chamber (8), pressurizing point (9), combustion chamber (10), No. 1～No. 5 (11) of reduction furnace.Or by oxygen station (1), Gas-making Furnace (2), fly-ash separator (3), inhale sulphur tower (4), thick dedusting (5), pressurizing point (9), combustion chamber (10), reduction furnace No. 1～No. 5 (11), power station (12) and formed (seeing accompanying drawing 2).
Each several part equipment brief description of the present invention:
Oxygen station (1) is with pressure swing adsorption process or deep cooling legal system oxygen.Gas-making Furnace (2) is an industrial gas generating furnace, and that this technology blasts is oxygen and CO
2Fly-ash separator (3) is a sack cleaner.Inhaling sulphur tower (4) is bulge, interior dress sulfur adsorbent.Thick dedusting (5) is made up of gravitational precipitator and tornado dust collector.Smart dedusting (6) is a sack cleaner.CO is taken off in transformation absorption
2(7) be to take off CO with pressure swing adsorption
2Or make pure CO, make that CO content reaches more than 95% in the tail gas.Gas chamber (8) is common gas storage cabinet.Pressurizing point (9) is the centrifugal press of coal gas.Combustion chamber (10) is general rectangle or circular chamber.Reduction furnace (11) is made up of 5 identical vertical cylindrical furnaces and pipeline, valve.Power station (12) is common power station, and just the fuel of burning boiler is changed into the tail gas that burns reduction furnace by coal.
Characteristics of the present invention:
1. Gas-making Furnace is not to blast air and water vapor carries out gas making as usually, but with oxygen and the CO that returns
2Carry out gas making.The gas of producing like this is CO content height not only, and because of not containing N
2Gas and gas volume can be reduced about 60% reduces very big trouble for the processing of reducing gas and reduction back tail gas.
2. all tail gas is after thick dedusting, and small part is used for gas making, and major part is removed CO with pressure swing adsorption after smart dedusting
2, the CO content of tail gas is reached more than 95%, become new reducing gas again, recycle.
Perhaps all tail gas are sent into the power station and are acted as a fuel and generate electricity after dedusting slightly.
During blow-on with the flue gas of combustion chamber, give an initial heat, make furnace charge reach reduction temperature.In ordinary production, this heat circulates in five reduction furnaces, uses always.The heat release of reduction reaction is enough to satisfy the heat lost by radiation of reduction furnace furnace shell, pipeline etc. and the heat that reduction tail gas is taken away.This is that the present invention obtains one of key of best energy consumption.
The present invention has compared following advantage with existing shaft furnace with rotary kiln:
1. comparing with present both at home and abroad shaft furnace, is not use Sweet natural gas, but the coal or the Jiao that enrich with China's reserves;
2. the sensible heat of direct-reduced iron and tail gas all is fully utilized, and various direct reduction stoves are all low both at home and abroad for energy consumption, as follows the face comparison sheet:
| Method of reducing | Midrex | HYL | Rotary kiln | Oxygen coal-gas base (the present invention) |
| Total energy consumption (kg mark coal/tDRI) | 477 | 590 | 753 | 388 |
3. efflux exhausted air quantity seldom, direct-reduced iron per ton is only discharged 500 meters
3About comparatively purified CO
2, so environmental pollution is very light;
4. the comparatively simple easy handling of the structure of reduction furnace is produced reliable;
5. compare with rotary kiln, initial cost can be saved about 10～20%.
Accompanying drawing:
Accompanying drawing 1 oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology figure ()
Accompanying drawing 2 oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology figure (two) (tail gas is used for generating)
Embodiment of the invention accompanying drawings is as follows:
With reference to accompanying drawing 1,10～25mm after the oven dry contains iron ore or cold-consolidated ball nodulizing or oxidizing roasting pellet and adds reduction furnace respectively No. 1～No. 5.Use No. 1 reduction furnace furnace charge of flue gas heating of combustion chamber during blow-on, No. 2 stove furnace charges of its tail gas preheating, the waste gas part behind No. 2 stoves of preheating blasts Gas-making Furnace (2) and carries out gas making after thick dedusting (5), and rest part waste gas enters atmosphere.Produced with coal (or burnt) reaction through Gas-making Furnace (2) by oxygen station (1) and the waste gas that blasts and to contain CO greater than the reducing gas 95% or more, it is stand-by to enter gas chamber (8) storage behind fly-ash separator (3) and suction sulphur tower (4).When No. 1 stove furnace charge all is heated to 1050～1100 ℃, work in the cease combustion chamber, starts the press of pressurizing point (9) simultaneously, returns crude gas to No. 1 reduction furnace, and the furnace charge of No. 1 stove begins reduction.No. 2 stoves after with No. 1 stove reduction the high-temperature tail gas heating and the furnace charge of No. 2 stoves of prereduction, the tail gas that No. 2 fire grates go out enters stove preheating furnace charge No. 3, the exhaust temperature of Pai Chuing is controlled at about 100 ℃ at last.The tail gas of discharging is after thick dedusting (5), and a small part blasts Gas-making Furnace (2) and carries out gas making; Another major part is taken off CO in the tail gas with pressure swing adsorption after smart dedusting (6)
2, CO content is reached more than 95%, and sends into gas chamber (8) and recycle again.After No. 1 reduction furnace finishes through reduction in 8～12 hours, still continue to return crude gas cooling furnace charge, reducing gas is heated simultaneously, and sends into stove No. 2, and No. 2 the stove furnace charge begins reduction.When No. 1 stove furnace charge is cooled to can come out of the stove by discharge about 50 ℃, simultaneously from top filling.Its working cycle such as following table:
Reduction furnace operating process table
| Operating period | No. 1 stove | No. 2 stoves | No. 3 stoves | No. 4 stoves | No. 5 stoves |
| The blow-on phase | Heating | Preheating | |||
| Reduction | Heating, prereduction | Preheating | |||
| Cooling | Reduction | Heating, prereduction | Preheating | ||
| Normal production period | Discharging and reinforced | Cooling | Reduction | Heating, prereduction | Preheating |
| Preheating | Discharging and reinforced | Cold going | Reduction | Heating, prereduction | |
| Heating, prereduction | Preheating | Discharging and reinforced | Cooling | Reduction | |
| Reduction | Heating, prereduction | Preheating | Discharging and reinforced | Cooling | |
| Cooling | Reduction | Heating, prereduction | Preheating | Discharging and reinforced |
From the direct-reduced iron that reduction furnace (11) ejects, through bolting, the salable product on the sieve are put in storage after passivation and are treated pin; Undersized metal-powder is put in storage behind briquetting and is treated pin.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology, it takes off CO by oxygen station (1), Gas-making Furnace (2), fly-ash separator (3), suction sulphur tower (4), thick dedusting (5), smart dedusting (6), transformation absorption
2(7), gas chamber (8), pressurizing point (9), combustion chamber (10), No. 1～No. 5 (11) of reduction furnace form, it is characterized in that making reducing gas and reduction tail gas takes off CO with the oxygen coal
2After recycle.
2, oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that Restore All tail gas after thick dedusting, and small part is used for gas making, and major part is taken off CO with pressure swing adsorption after smart dedusting
2Or make pure CO, and make that CO content reaches more than 95% in the tail gas, become reducing gas again and recycle.
3, this kind oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology, it can also be made up of oxygen station (1), Gas-making Furnace (2), fly-ash separator (3), suction sulphur tower (4), thick dedusting (5), gas chamber (8), pressurizing point (9), combustion chamber (10), reduction furnace No. 1～No. 5 (11), power station (12), it is characterized in that making reducing gas with the oxygen coal is used for generating with reduction tail gas.
4, oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology according to claim 3, the tail gas that it is characterized in that reducing is sent into the power station and is generated electricity as fuel after thick dedusting.
5,, it is characterized in that Gas-making Furnace is with coal (or burnt), oxygen and CO according to claim 1,3 described oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technologies
2Carry out gas making.
6,, it is characterized in that reduction furnace is by forming discharging and reinforced, preheating, heating and prereduction, reduction, five operation cyclical operations of cooling more than four according to claim 1,3 described oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technologies.
7, according to claim 1,3 described oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technologies, with the flue gas of combustion chamber, give an initial heat when it is characterized in that blow-on, make furnace charge reach reduction temperature.In ordinary production, this heat circulates in five reduction furnaces, uses always.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94103124A CN1109510A (en) | 1994-03-26 | 1994-03-26 | Oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94103124A CN1109510A (en) | 1994-03-26 | 1994-03-26 | Oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology |
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|---|---|
| CN1109510A true CN1109510A (en) | 1995-10-04 |
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| CN94103124A Pending CN1109510A (en) | 1994-03-26 | 1994-03-26 | Oxygen coal-gas base directly reducing technology |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997013879A1 (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1997-04-17 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Method of directly reducing a particulate iron-containing material, and plant for carrying out the method |
| EP0985735A1 (en) * | 1998-09-10 | 2000-03-15 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Integrated directly reduced iron production and power generation |
| CN101643807B (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-06-15 | 贾会平 | Melting and iron-smelting device of heat storage type electric arc furnace |
| CN101392192B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2012-08-01 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Conversion of coke oven gas carbon dioxide and production method of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced iron |
-
1994
- 1994-03-26 CN CN94103124A patent/CN1109510A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997013879A1 (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1997-04-17 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Method of directly reducing a particulate iron-containing material, and plant for carrying out the method |
| US5833734A (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1998-11-10 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Process for the direct reduction of particulate iron-containing material and a plant for carrying out the process |
| EP0985735A1 (en) * | 1998-09-10 | 2000-03-15 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Integrated directly reduced iron production and power generation |
| CN101392192B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2012-08-01 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Conversion of coke oven gas carbon dioxide and production method of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced iron |
| CN101643807B (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-06-15 | 贾会平 | Melting and iron-smelting device of heat storage type electric arc furnace |
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