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CN110946577A - Flexible circuit board device for collecting arm electromyographic signals - Google Patents

Flexible circuit board device for collecting arm electromyographic signals Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110946577A
CN110946577A CN201911216695.6A CN201911216695A CN110946577A CN 110946577 A CN110946577 A CN 110946577A CN 201911216695 A CN201911216695 A CN 201911216695A CN 110946577 A CN110946577 A CN 110946577A
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signal
arm
fpc
electromyographic
signal acquisition
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王从庆
谢作述
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/389—Electromyography [EMG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
    • A61B5/7207—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7225—Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation

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Abstract

The invention discloses a Flexible Circuit board device for collecting arm electromyographic signals, which can be better attached to arm muscle groups through the arbitrary flexibility of an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit, FPC for short), so that the collection of the arm electromyographic signals is more convenient and faster. The device consists of a signal acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, a Bluetooth device and a power supply which are integrated on the FPC. The myoelectric muscle collecting device is characterized in that the spring probe electrode can uniformly surround the arm for a circle, the spring probe can be tightly contacted with arm muscles, contact impedance can be better reduced, and further the signal-to-noise ratio of the spring probe electrode is increased, so that the collected myoelectric signals are more accurate; the invention has the advantages of strong practicability, convenient use and the like.

Description

Flexible circuit board device for collecting arm electromyographic signals
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flexible circuit board device for collecting arm electromyographic signals, which is used for recruitment of neuromuscular motion units and belongs to the field of rehabilitation robots.
Background
As more and more people have limb movement dysfunction, patients even lose self-care ability of life. The daily lives and works of these patients are seriously affected, and a great burden is imposed on the family as well as the society. The acquisition and decoding of the surface electromyogram signals are to extract the recruitment and release information of the neuromuscular unit and the MUPA (motor unit action potential) waveform information from the surface electromyogram signals, study the control mechanism of the neuromuscular system and lay an important foundation for the rehabilitation of neuromuscular diseases.
In the current traditional surface myoelectricity collecting electrode array system, most application scenes are collected by fixing electrodes on the surface of skin. If the array of the collecting electrodes can not be attached along with the fluctuation of the skin surface, motion artifacts are easily generated in the collecting process, which can interfere the quality of the collected electromyographic signals.
In order to collect the myoelectric signals of the arm of the patient more conveniently and rapidly, the signal collecting unit, the signal processing unit, the Bluetooth and the power supply are directly integrated on the FPC, so that the myoelectric signals can be more attached to the muscle group of the arm, and meanwhile, the signal collecting, processing and sending are integrated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a flexible circuit board device for collecting arm electromyographic signals, and solve the problem that a common electromyographic signal collecting device cannot be well attached to arm muscles.
The technical scheme is as follows: the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the FPC device for acquiring the myoelectric signals of the arm comprises a signal acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, a signal transmitter and a power supply on the FPC. The plurality of paths of electromyographic signal acquisition units are longitudinally arranged on the FPC at intervals and are connected to the signal processing unit after being connected in parallel; the myoelectric signal acquisition unit acquires an electric signal generated by arm muscle movement, the signal processing unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on the acquired analog electric signal, and the signal transmitting device transmits the converted digital signal.
The signal acquisition unit has 16 paths, each path consists of two spring probe electrodes, an instrument amplifier and a resistance-capacitance element around the instrument amplifier, and the two spring probe electrodes are distributed on the FPC at equal intervals.
The instrumentation amplifier and the surrounding resistance-capacitance elements thereof are an AD620 chip and a capacitor and a resistor which are connected in series at the gain end of the instrumentation amplifier.
The signal processing unit is a filter circuit and an analog-to-digital converter which are integrated on the FPC.
The signal processing unit, the signal transmitter and the power supply are sequentially distributed at one end of the FPC device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of one of the acquisition units;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a signal processing unit;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a band pass filter;
FIG. 4 is a reverse amplification circuit diagram;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an adder;
FIG. 6 is a general block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram of a real object corresponding to the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a Flexible circuit board (FPC for short) device for collecting arm myoelectric signals, which can be better attached to arm muscle groups through the arbitrary flexibility of the FPC and enables the collection of the arm myoelectric signals to be more convenient and faster. The device consists of a signal acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, a Bluetooth device and a power supply which are integrated on the FPC. The myoelectric muscle collecting device is characterized in that the spring probe electrode can uniformly surround the arm for a circle, the spring probe can be tightly contacted with arm muscles, contact impedance can be better reduced, and further the signal-to-noise ratio of the spring probe electrode is increased, so that the collected myoelectric signals are more accurate; the invention has the advantages of strong practicability, convenient use and the like.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, it is to be understood that these examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention, since various equivalent modifications of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the present specification, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 6, the arm electromyographic signal acquisition device comprises an FPC, and an electromyographic signal acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, a power supply and a signal transmitter provided thereon. The collecting device is wound on the arm for a circle, and then the collecting device is tightly attached to the arm through the elastic belt, and when the arm moves, the generated myoelectric signals sequentially pass through the collecting unit, the signal processing unit and the signal transmitter. The signal transmitter is preferably a bluetooth transmitter.
As shown in fig. 1, the circuit diagram of the internal circuit of a channel of the acquisition unit is shown, in which a pin 1 and a pin 4 of a chip are respectively connected with a spring probe electrode, so that differential amplification of an amplifier can be realized to eliminate common mode signals, capacitors and resistors connected in series between a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the chip are used to realize high-pass filtering of the signals, and grounded capacitors on a pin 5 and a pin 8
Figure BDA0002299719970000021
And
Figure BDA0002299719970000022
it acts as a decoupling capacitor.
After the metal electrode contacts with the skin surface, a trace amount of metal enters the electrolyte on the skin surface in the form of ions. In actual electromyographic signal detection, muscle swelling, skin shaking and the like are caused by the movement of the limb of a subject, the quantity of electrolytes in contact with the electrodes and the concentration of ions are changed, the charge distribution at the interface is disturbed, and the potential of the electrodes fluctuates along with the state of the movement of the limb of the person, and the fluctuation is called movement artifact.
The frequency spectrum of the motion artifact is mainly concentrated in a low frequency band below 10-20 Hz, the effective frequency of the electromyographic signal is above 20Hz, and the electromyographic signal are not overlapped, so the high-pass filtering is an effective method for eliminating the motion artifact. The invention adopts the technical scheme that a high-pass filter circuit is arranged in front of an instrument amplifier, so that the influence caused by motion artifacts can be avoided, as shown in figure 1, a capacitor and a resistor are connected in series at a gain adjusting end of the instrument amplifier to realize high-pass filtering, wherein R isgAnd CgThe amplifier is an instrument amplifier element and a high-pass filter element, and the gain of the amplifier is shown as the formula (1):
Figure BDA0002299719970000031
where A is the output gain, R049.4K Ω is the fixed resistance inside the instrumentation amplifier, RgIs a resistance, CgIs a capacitance, j is an imaginary unit, and w is a signal frequency;
the cutoff frequency of the amplifier is shown in equation (2):
Figure BDA0002299719970000032
wherein R isgIs a resistance, CgIs capacitance and F is cut-off frequency. The invention takes Rg as 800 omega and Cg as 10uF, the amplification factor of the direct current and the extremely low frequency motion artifact is 1, and the amplification factor of the electromyographic signal is 1+ R0/RgApproximately 62 times, and the cut-off frequency is 20Hz, effectively suppressing the motion artifact.
When a power supply supplies energy to each load, each load needs to work normally, on the premise that the supply voltage on the load needs to be stable, but devices in the load can dynamically absorb current when working, so that the supply voltage is extremely unstable, namely various high-frequency noises are superposed on the original voltage, and the noises can be regarded as alternating current noises caused by the working of the devices are coupled on direct current voltage. Thus, the ac-coupled dc supply voltage may affect not only the operation of the circuit in the load area, but also the operation of other loads connected to the same power source, which may cause problems in the operation of the circuits of those loads. Since each load will cause additional fluctuations in its power supply during operation, the fluctuations are locally minimized without affecting the operation of other loads. The way to reduce the effect of load supply fluctuations is to reinforce the feed that can respond instantaneously-smoothing out the shortfall in the rapid response of the main feed through the backup feed. The nature of the capacitor is energy storage, and the capacitor is used as standby electric energy to supply, so that fluctuation caused by instantaneous demand of the load can be smoothed, and the voltage of the load is ensured to be as stable as possible.
The invention removes the coupling effect by adding a 0.1uF patch capacitor on each power supply pin.
As shown in fig. 2, which is an internal structure diagram of the signal processing unit, the method includes performing 20-500Hz band-pass filtering on the collected 16 electromyographic signals, converting the signals into digital signals through an analog-to-digital converter, determining the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter to be 1000Hz, and transmitting the data to bluetooth.
As shown in fig. 3, the circuit is a band-pass filter circuit diagram, the circuit is a butterworth circuit structure, a unity gain filter is adopted, a low-pass filter circuit and a high-pass filter circuit are connected in series to form band-pass filtering, and the power supply mode is 9V dual power supply. Wherein C is1、C2、C3、C4、R1、R2、R3、R4Is a parameter of the filter circuit. The former stage is high-pass filtering, and in order to implement high-pass filtering with cut-off frequency of 20Hz, the capacitor C used in the circuit1＝C2Calculate resistance R as 0.1uF1、R2The formula of (1) is:
Figure BDA0002299719970000041
Figure BDA0002299719970000042
where f is 20Hz, the cut-off frequency required for high-pass filtering, R can be calculated sequentially1＝112KΩ，R256K Ω, R used in practice in the present invention1＝100KΩ，R251K Ω, the resulting cut-off frequency is approximately 22 Hz.
In the latter stage, in order to realize low-pass filtering at 500Hz, the capacitor C in the circuit is taken4＝2C3When the resistance is 0.2uF, the resistance R is calculated3、R4The formula of (1) is:
Figure BDA0002299719970000043
wherein f is1R can be calculated by taking 500Hz as the cut-off frequency required for low-pass filtering3＝R42250 Ω, R used in practice in the present invention1＝R2The final cut-off frequency is obtained as 562Hz, 2K Ω.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a reverse amplification circuit diagram, Vin、VoutFor input and output, the electromyographic signals are processed for the second time after being connected in series with a band-pass filter circuitAmplifying, wherein the magnification formula is:
Figure BDA0002299719970000044
wherein R isgThe resistor is a gain resistor, namely a resistor connecting the inverting input end of the operational amplifier and the ground. RfThe feedback resistor is a resistor which is connected with the output end and the reverse input end of the operational amplifier. Get Rg＝1KΩ，Rf20K Ω, and the amplification factor n is-20, so that the final electromyographic signal is amplified by about 1200 times in total.
As shown in fig. 5, an adder circuit, Vin、VoutFor input and output, adopt V1＝V2The voltage range of the amplified electromyographic signal is maximally between-9V and 9V, the voltage is reduced to be between-1.5V and 1.5V by adopting a voltage division principle, and then V is added to the electromyographic signal by adopting an adder circuit3Before the adder, two paths of signals to be superposed are respectively connected with a voltage follower, so that the signals are more stable, the voltage range of the electromyographic signals is changed into-3 v to 0v, and the formula of the adder is as follows:
Figure BDA0002299719970000051
wherein R isf、R1、R2The resistors are all 10K omega, the voltage range of the obtained electromyographic signals is 0v to 3v, and the electromyographic signals can be used for AD sampling and analog-to-digital conversion.
Fig. 6 shows a general structural view of the present invention according to the above embodiment; fig. 7 shows a physical diagram corresponding to the present embodiment.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. An acquisition device for arm electromyographic signals is characterized by comprising an FPC (flexible printed circuit) and an electromyographic signal acquisition unit, a signal processing unit and a signal sending device which are arranged on the FPC, wherein a power supply end of the FPC is also connected with a power supply; the plurality of electromyographic signal acquisition units are longitudinally arranged on the FPC at intervals and are connected to the signal processing unit after being connected in parallel; the myoelectric signal acquisition unit acquires an electric signal generated by arm muscle movement, the signal processing unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on the acquired analog electric signal, and the signal transmitting device transmits the converted digital signal.
2. The arm electromyographic signal acquisition device according to claim 1, wherein the FPC has 16 electromyographic signal acquisition units in total, and each electromyographic signal acquisition unit consists of two spring probe electrodes, an instrumentation amplifier and a resistance-capacitance element around the instrumentation amplifier.
3. An arm electromyographic signal acquisition device according to claim 2, wherein the 16 electromyographic signal acquisition units are equidistantly distributed on the FPC, a distance between two electrodes in each acquisition unit is 2cm, and the acquisition units are longitudinally arranged on the FPC.
4. The arm electromyogram signal acquisition device of claim 2, wherein the instrumentation amplifier is an AD620 chip.
5. The arm electromyogram signal acquisition device of claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit is a band-pass filter and an analog-to-digital converter, and is connected to the electromyogram signal acquisition unit, and is configured to filter the analog signal acquired by the electromyogram signal acquisition unit and convert the filtered analog signal into a digital signal.
6. The arm electromyogram signal acquisition device of claim 1, wherein the signal transmission device is a bluetooth device, and is connected to the analog-to-digital converter, and configured to transmit the converted digital signal in real time.
7. The arm electromyogram signal acquisition device of claim 1, wherein the power supply is an independent dc power supply for supplying power to the acquisition unit, the signal processing unit and the signal transmitter.
8. The device for collecting arm electromyographic signals according to claim 1, wherein a 0.1uF patch capacitor is added to each power supply pin.
CN201911216695.6A 2019-12-03 2019-12-03 Flexible circuit board device for collecting arm electromyographic signals Pending CN110946577A (en)

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