CN110923852A - Method for thermally pre-oxidizing polymer by tertiary amine oxide solvent - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out solvothermal pre-oxidation on a polymer by using tertiary amine oxide as a functional solvent, wherein the tertiary amine oxide is used as a dispersion medium of the polymer and can be used as a pre-oxidant to carry out solvothermal pre-oxidation on the polymer. The invention solves the defects of difficult adjustment and large fluctuation of pre-oxidation degree in the conventional air pre-oxidation process and realizes controllable adjustment of the pre-oxidation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer pre-oxidation, and relates to a method for thermally pre-oxidizing a polymer by a tertiary amine oxide solvent. The tertiary amine oxide is used as a solvent to keep the dispersion state of the polymer in the solvent, and the tertiary amine oxide can be used as a pre-oxidizing agent to carry out solvothermal pre-oxidation on the polymer.
Background
The polymer pre-oxidation technology is widely applied to the fields of carbon fiber preparation, polymer carbonization, nano carbon material preparation and the like. The macromolecular chain is gradually cyclized and oxidized to be converted into a heat-resistant structure in the pre-oxidation process of the polymer. Taking PAN pre-oxidation as an example, the pre-oxidation process is a gas pre-oxidation method under oxygen or air atmosphere.
The existing air pre-oxidation technology mainly aims at the problems that the pre-oxidation temperature is high, an oxidant needs to be added in the pre-oxidation process, and the controllability of the pre-oxidation process is poor.
The invention provides a brand-new method for pre-oxidizing a tertiary amine oxide solvent. The tertiary amine oxide is mainly used as a solvent and applied to high-temperature reaction, and the activity of the nitroxide free radical is converted to a certain extent at high temperature, so that the catalyst has the effect of catalytic oxidation. The invention uses tertiary amine oxide as solvent to keep the dispersed state of polymer in the solvent, and the tertiary amine oxide can be used as pre-oxidant to carry out solvent thermal pre-oxidation on the polymer. The polymerization reaction can be completed at a lower temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a polymer solvent thermal pre-oxidation method, aiming at the problems of higher pre-oxidation temperature and poor controllability of a pre-oxidation process in the prior air pre-oxidation technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a low-temperature preoxidation method for polymer features that the tertiary amine oxide is used as solvent, the polymer is directly preoxidized in the solvent of tertiary amine oxide by solvothermal method, and the preoxidation of polymer can be realized only by the action of tertiary amine oxide without oxygen or other oxidant. The method comprises the following steps:
step one, taking tertiary amine oxide as a solvent, adding a polymer into the tertiary amine oxide at room temperature, wherein the polymer accounts for 1-90% of the solvent by mass, stirring for 24 hours, keeping the polymer in a dispersed state in the solvent to obtain a polymer dispersion liquid, and adding the polymer dispersion liquid into a hydrothermal reaction kettle. The mass percentage of the polymer in the solvent is preferably 10%.
And step two, heating to the hydrothermal reaction temperature of 150-400 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 0.5-5 h. The hydrothermal reaction temperature is preferably 200 ℃.
And step three, pouring the reaction solution into ethanol to wash away the tertiary amine oxide after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, placing the product in a vacuum oven to be dried after washing for a plurality of times, and drying to constant weight. The temperature in the vacuum oven was 50 ℃.
The polymer comprises polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, poly-a-methylstyrene, poly-a-ethylstyrene, polymethyl acrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polypropyl acrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polypropyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polyacrylonitrile-polystyrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-a-methylstyrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-a-ethylstyrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-ethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-propyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-ethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate copolymer, polyacrylonitrile-ethyl acrylate copolymer, polyacrylonitrile-butyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate copolymer, polyacrylonitrile-ethyl methacrylate copolymer, poly (methyl acrylate, One or more of acrylonitrile-propyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-isoprene copolymer and epoxy resin; preferably from one or a mixture of two of polyacrylonitrile and polystyrene.
The tertiary amine oxide comprises water-soluble tertiary amine oxide, amphiphilic tertiary amine oxide and hydrophobic tertiary amine oxide. Wherein:
the water-soluble tertiary amine oxide has a structural general formula of
Wherein R is1R2R3A polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymer may be employed wherein the average degree of polymerization of the polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymer is between 1 and 100.
The structural general formula of the amphiphilic tertiary amine oxide is shown as
Wherein R is1R2R3One or two of the three functional groups are hydrophobic groups, and the rest are hydrophilic groups. The hydrophobic group may be C2-C28Straight or branched saturated alkyl, C2-C28Straight-chain or branched unsaturated alkyl, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl, alkynyl groups, C7-C38Linear or branched saturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, C8-C38Straight-chain or branched-chain unsaturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl and alkynyl groups. The structural general formula of the hydrophilic group is- (CH)2CH2CH2O)nH or- (CH)2CH2O)nH or- (CH)2CH2O)nH(CH2CH2CH2O)mH, wherein m is 1 to 100 and n is 1 to 100, i.e. a block copolymer of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or ethylene oxide propylene oxide, the average degree of polymerization of the block copolymer of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or ethylene oxide propylene oxide being between 1 and 100.
The hydrophobic tertiary amine oxide comprises a tertiary amine oxide of a monoamine and a tertiary amine oxide of a polyamine; the tertiary amine oxide of the monoamine has the structural general formula
Wherein R is1R2R3Three functional groups are all hydrophobic groups, and the hydrophobic group can be C2-C28Straight or branched saturated alkyl, C2-C28Straight-chain or branched unsaturated alkyl, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl, alkynyl groups, C7-C38Linear or branched saturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, C8-C38Straight-chain or branched-chain unsaturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl and alkynyl groups. The polyamine tertiary amine oxides further include triethylenediamine tertiary amine oxides and polyethylenepolyamine tertiary amine oxides; wherein the structure of the triethylene diamine tertiary amine oxide is as follows
The polyethylene polyamine tertiary amine oxide includes ethylene diamine tertiary amine oxide, diethylene triamine tertiary amine oxide, triethylene tetramine tertiary amine oxide, tetraethylene pentamine tertiary amine oxide, and tertiary amine oxide of polyethylene polyamine. Wherein the hydrophobic group may be C2-C28Straight or branched saturated alkyl, C2-C28Straight-chain or branched unsaturated alkyl, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl, alkynyl groups, C7-C38Linear or branched saturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, C8-C38Straight-chain or branched-chain unsaturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl and alkynyl groups.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method provided by the invention is simple, the tertiary amine oxide is used as a pre-oxidant to carry out solvothermal pre-oxidation on the polymer, oxygen or other oxidants are not required in the solvent oxidation process, and the method is suitable for all polymers capable of carrying out low-temperature pre-oxidation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a chart showing DSC results of solvothermal pre-oxidation of polyacrylonitrile at 200 ℃ for various lengths of time (example 1).
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
3g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 5). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle after being stirred for 24 hours, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polyacrylonitrile has partial preoxidation reaction, and the preoxidation temperature of the polyacrylonitrile is reduced from 250 ℃ to 200 ℃.
DSC results of solvothermal pre-oxidation of polyacrylonitrile at 200 ℃ for various lengths of time are shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2
0.3g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 20). The polymer accounts for 1 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle after being stirred for 24 hours, the reaction temperature is controlled at 150 ℃, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times after 5 hours of hydrothermal reaction, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polyacrylonitrile has partial preoxidation reaction, the heat resistance of the polyacrylonitrile is improved, and the preoxidation initial temperature of the polyacrylonitrile is reduced from 250 ℃ to 150 ℃.
Example 3
30g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 3g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 5). The polymer accounts for 90 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 400 ℃, after the hydrothermal reaction is carried out for 0.5 hour, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol to be washed for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polyacrylonitrile undergoes a complete pre-oxidation reaction.
Example 4
3g of polystyrene was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 5). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. Partial pre-oxidation of the polymer takes place.
Example 5
3g of polymethyl methacrylate was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 80). The polymer accounts for 75 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation of polyacrylonitrile.
Example 6
3g of polybutadiene was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 5). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 7
3g of polyisoprene was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 5). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. Complete pre-oxidation of the polymer takes place.
Example 8
3g of an epoxy resin powder was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 5). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 9
3g of SAN resin was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 5). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 10
3g of a styrene-methyl methacrylate random copolymer was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 5). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 11
3g of an acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 5). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 12
3g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 1). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 13
3g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 100). The polymer accounts for 60 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 14
3g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxypropylene ether (average degree of polymerization: 50). The polymer accounts for 50 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 15
3g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 30g of an oxide of octadecylamine polyoxyethyleneallyl ether (average degree of polymerization: 80). The polymer accounts for 30 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 16
3g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 30g of a water-soluble tertiary amine oxide having a structure
(average degree of polymerization: 10). The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 17
3g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 30g of triethylamine oxide. The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 150 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
Example 18
3g of polyacrylonitrile was dispersed in 30g of triethylenetetramine oxide. The polymer accounts for 10 percent of the solvent by mass, the polymer is stirred for 24 hours, the polymer dispersion liquid is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 150 ℃, after 2 hours of hydrothermal reaction, the reaction liquid is poured into ethanol for washing for a plurality of times, and the product is dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ to constant weight. The thermal behavior of the sample was tested using TGA and DSC, and the structure and composition of the sample was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis tests. The polymer undergoes partial pre-oxidation.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A low-temperature pre-oxidation method of a polymer is characterized in that a tertiary amine oxide is used as a solvent, the polymer is directly pre-oxidized in the tertiary amine oxide solvent by adopting a solvothermal method, oxygen or other oxidants are not needed in the solvent oxidation process, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, taking tertiary amine oxide as a solvent, adding a polymer into the tertiary amine oxide at room temperature, wherein the polymer accounts for 1-90% of the solvent by mass, stirring for 24 hours, keeping the polymer in a dispersed state in the solvent to obtain a polymer dispersion liquid, and adding the polymer dispersion liquid into a hydrothermal reaction kettle; the tertiary amine oxide comprises water-soluble tertiary amine oxide, amphiphilic tertiary amine oxide and hydrophobic tertiary amine oxide;
step two, heating to the hydrothermal reaction temperature of 150-400 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 0.5-5 h;
and step three, pouring the reaction solution into ethanol to wash away the tertiary amine oxide after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, placing the product in a vacuum oven to be dried after washing for a plurality of times, and drying to constant weight.
2. A method for low-temperature pre-oxidation of a polymer according to claim 1, wherein the polymer in the first step accounts for preferably 10% by weight of the solvent.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction temperature in step two is preferably 200 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature in the vacuum oven in step three is 50 ℃.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer in step one comprises polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, poly-a-methylstyrene, poly-a-ethylstyrene, polymethyl acrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polypropyl acrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polypropyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polyacrylonitrile-polystyrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-a-methylstyrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-a-ethylstyrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-ethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-propyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate copolymer, polyacrylonitrile-butyl acrylate copolymer, or polyacrylonitrile, Acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-ethyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-propyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butyl methacrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-isoprene copolymer, and epoxy resin.
6. A low-temperature pre-oxidation method of polymer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the polymer is one or two of polyacrylonitrile and polystyrene.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the water-soluble tertiary amine oxide has the general structural formula
Wherein R is1R2R3Polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymers may be employed wherein the average degree of polymerization of the polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymer is between 1 and 100。
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the amphiphilic tertiary amine oxide has a general structural formula of
Wherein R is1R2R3One or two of the three functional groups are hydrophobic groups, and the rest are hydrophilic groups; the hydrophobic group may be C2-C28Straight or branched saturated alkyl, C2-C28Straight-chain or branched unsaturated alkyl, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl, alkynyl groups, C7-C38Linear or branched saturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, C8-C38A linear or branched unsaturated alkyl-aryl functional group, wherein the unsaturated alkyl group contains one to four alkenyl and alkynyl groups; the hydrophilic group is polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymer, and the average polymerization degree of the polyethylene oxide, the polypropylene oxide or the ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymer is between 1 and 100.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic tertiary amine oxide comprises a tertiary amine oxide of a monoamine and a tertiary amine oxide of a polyamine; the tertiary amine oxide of the monoamine has the structural general formula
Wherein R is1R2R3Three functional groups are all hydrophobic groups, and the hydrophobic group can be C2-C28Straight or branched saturated alkyl, C2-C28Straight-chain or branched unsaturated alkyl, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl, alkynyl groups, C7-C38Linear or branched saturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, C8-C38Straight-chain or branched unsaturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, their preparation and their useThe unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl and alkynyl groups; the polyamine tertiary amine oxides further include triethylenediamine tertiary amine oxides and polyethylenepolyamine tertiary amine oxides; wherein the structure of the triethylene diamine tertiary amine oxide is as follows
The polyethylene polyamine tertiary amine oxide comprises ethylene diamine tertiary amine oxide, diethylene triamine tertiary amine oxide, triethylene tetramine tertiary amine oxide, tetraethylene pentamine tertiary amine oxide and tertiary amine oxide of polyethylene polyamine; wherein the hydrophobic group may be C2-C28Straight or branched saturated alkyl, C2-C28Straight-chain or branched unsaturated alkyl, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl, alkynyl groups, C7-C38Linear or branched saturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, C8-C38Straight-chain or branched-chain unsaturated alkyl-aryl functional groups, wherein the unsaturated alkyl contains one to four alkenyl and alkynyl groups.
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